CHEM 1701 – Week 2 – Note Taking Template

Chemistry I for Pre-Health Sciences

PURPOSE
• This template is designed to be a tool to help you stay focused and organized with the “take
away” messages from this week.
• Complete the template as you work through this week’s content.

FEEDBACK
• Want feedback from Laura?
o Online students: Submit this note taking template to the appropriate Assignments
folder in DC Connect and I will provide you with feedback and a complete answer
key.
o In-class students: Book some extra-help time or ask in class if you have any
questions about the content.
• The feedback and answer key will be valuable study tools for you in preparation for the test.

INSTRUCTIONS
• This note taking template is NOT for marks.
• This template is NOT all inclusive. It covers most content.

CONTENT COVERED THIS WEEK:

Unit 1 – Matter & Measurement
• 1.5 List the base units, symbols and prefixes of the metric system and perform metric system
unit conversions
• 1.6 Express numbers in scientific notation and convert numbers between standard notation
and scientific notation
• 1.7 Distinguish between measured and calculated values
• 1.8 Identify the number of significant digits in a value or measurement
• 1.9 Apply the significant digit rules when performing calculations and rounding final answers
• 1.10 Given the density formula, perform calculations that relate density, mass and volume
• 1.11 Consider the reasonableness of a numerical answer when determining if a solution is
correct or incorrect

QUESTIONS
As you work through the weeks content, or at the end of the week once you’ve completed all of the
tasks, use the space below to record any remaining questions you have.

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The Metric System & Metric Conversions
LO 1.5 List the base units, symbols and prefixes of the metric system and perform metric unit conversions

1) There are two common systems of measurement.

a) The English or imperial system is older and uses units like pint, pound and yard.
b) The metric system is newer and uses units like meter and liter.

2) True/False: Canada and America use the metric system.

3) List the 4 base units of the metric system. Provide an example of how each base unit is used in your life.

Volume Distance Time Mass

L m s g

4) When working with the metric system it is good to have examples of different measurements to refer to.
Look in your kitchen, pantry or around your house for examples of items with different masses and
volumes in metric units. Pick each item up and really think about its mass. Try Google maps to find the
distance from your house to your favorite restaurant. If you have tiles in your house, measure one. Having
examples to refer to will be extremely helpful when you start performing med math calculations in future
healthcare programs. Make some notes below on your discoveries.

Distance to my favorite
Mass of my favorite food/snack Volume of my favorite drink
restaurant/fast food
Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen PC chocolate covered almonds Coke
2.1km 340g 710mL

5) Record the prefix word associated with each prefix symbol in the table below. Then record how many times
larger or smaller than the base unit each prefix is.

k d h c da m
Prefix word kilo deci hecto centi deca milli
1000x 10x 100x 100x 1000x
Multiple of base unit 10x larger
larger smaller larger smaller smaller

6) Match each of the following. Some options will not be used.

Match Example Options

1 45.6 dam 1. decameter 2. liter
5 0.99 ms 3. meter 4. milliliter
3 1,290,000 m 5. millisecond 6. millimeter
7 0.002 dm 7. decimeter 8. kilometer
4 6,392 mL 9. hectometer 10. milligram
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7) Convert each measurement as indicated. Include the proper unit in your answer.

Convert the following into cm Convert the following into m

0.0072 km 720cm 52 km 52 000m

0.02 m 2cm 0.00034 mm 0.000 000 34m

0.000 000 006 dam 0.000 006cm 320 cm 32 000m

5.2 mm 0.52cm 52 400 000 hm 5 240 000 000m

8) Convert each measurement to the unit indicated.

Statement Conversion

A newborn baby weighs 3,700 g. What is the newborn’s weight in kg? 3.7kg

A urine sample is 0.0085 L. What is the volume in mL? 8 500mL

A patient requires 250 mg of a drug. What is the dose in grams? 0.25g

If you take the stairs from the 1st floor to 4th floor at the hospital, you
0.085km
walk the equivalent of about 85 m. How many km is this?

It takes approximately 0.005 s for a neuron to fire. How long is this in

5ms
milliseconds?

9) Two nurses very close in height are trying to decide who is taller. The height of each nurse was measured
and recorded. How can you use this information to determine which nurse is tallest?

Ashley = 145 cm
Claire = 1.42 m

Which nurse is tallest? How do you know?

Let's make both units into centimeters. Ashley's height was already in meters which
is 145cm, but Claire's height was not. So we need to convert it from meters to
centimeters.

k - h – da – m/g/s/L - d – c - m

1.42m → cm
1.42m → 142cm

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 Therefore, Ashley is taller than Claire because 145cm is greater than 142cm.

10) Try coming up with your own rhyme or saying to remember the order of metric system prefixes.

I like the "king henry's dad buys underwear drinking chocolate milk"

Scientific Notation vs. Standard Notation

LO 1.6 Express numbers in scientific notation and convert numbers between standard notation and
scientific notation

11) Answer true or false for each of the following questions.

T or F Statement
F In the value 456.7 x 103, the decimal is in standard position.

F Base 10 written with a negative exponent (i.e. 10-1, 10-2) represent values greater than 1

T Base 10 written with a positive exponent (i.e. 104, 102) represent values greater than 1.

12) Convert the following between standard notation and scientific notation.

Standard notation Scientific notation

250pounds A patient weighs 2.50 x 102 pounds.

The distance from your house to work is ~35,000 m. ~3.5 x104 m

0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 91 kg The mass of an electron is ~9.1 × 10-31 kg

The average diameter of a capillary (a very small

7.5 x10-4 cm
vessel that carries blood) is 0.00075 cm.

Significant Digits
LO 1.7 Distinguish between measured and calculated values
LO 1.8 Identify the number of significant digits in a given value or measurement

13) In your own words, how do you differentiate between measured values and calculated values? Provide an
example of each.

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 Measured Values Calculated Values
The value obtained from two or more
The value obtained from measuring
Description using tools, such as ruler
measured values by putting them into
a formula or an expression.
When you measure the pencil with When you add two measurements
Example ruler, the measurement is the from the two pencils, the sum is the
measured values. calculated values.

Part A – Sig Dig Rule Summary

14) Any non-zero digit (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4 etc.) is always a significant digit.

a) sometimes
b) always
c) never

15) Zeroes in the middle of non-zero digits (i.e. 305, 3.005) are always significant.
a) sometimes
b) always
c) never

16) For a zero in a decimal number to be significant, the zero must be after a decimal AND after a non-zero
digits.

Part B – Working with Zeroes as Sig Digs

17) True or False: 0.00000000034 has 12 significant digits.

18) True or False: 24,000,000,000 has 2 significant digits.

19) How many significant digits are in the measurements 4.560 cm, 0.1040 m and 13.50 oC?
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5

20) Highlight the zeroes that are significant in each value below. Then, state the total number of significant
digits in the value.

45,067,000 0.0048004 100.000 45.067000 42,000 0.004800

# of s.d. 5 5 6 8 2 4

21) Complete the table below.

Measurement # of s.d. Measurement # of s.d.

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 18.56 mL 4 3,400 L 2

1500 cm 2 10.00 mL 4

0.5405 m 4 10 mL 1

0.0063 L 2 6.340 g 4

Rounding & Significant Digits in Calculations

LO 1.9 Apply the significant digit rules when performing calculations and rounding final answers

Part A – Rounding with Sig Digs

*NOTE ON ROUNDING: When performing calculations with significant digits, the final answer will almost
always need to be rounded. Remember the rules for rounding numbers.

STEP 1: Look to the right of the last significant digit required in the question.
STEP 2: If the number to the right is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 the number to the left stays the same. If the
number to the right is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, the number to the left rounds up.
STEP 3: Include zeroes where needed to maintain the magnitude of the value.
For example: 938,234 rounded to 2 s.d. is 940,000. NOT 94.

22) Complete the table below to practice rounding with sig digs. Include proper units in your answer.

Round each value to 2 s.d. Round each value to 3 s.d.

6.343 g 6.3g 18.63 mL 18.6mL

0.5405 m 0.54m 239.04 m 239m

0.5455 m 0.55m 34,582 g 34 600g

Part B – Significant Digits in Calculations

23) When adding or subtracting (+, -) numbers (i.e. 1.45 + 22.4 – 67), round the final answer to:
a) the lowest number of decimal places
b) the lowest number of significant digits

24) When multiplying or dividing (x, ÷) numbers (i.e. 3.5 x 9102 ÷ 0.222), round the final answer to:
a) the lowest number of decimal places
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 b) the lowest number of significant digits

25) When combining operations in a calculation (i.e. 45 x 3.42 + 9121 ), round the final answer to:
a) the lowest number of decimal places
b) the lowest number of significant digits

26) True or False: In the operation 62  41, the answer will have 2 significant digits.

27) Perform the calculation 560 x 28.1. Show all work and round appropriately. Then, explain which rule you
applied when rounding the final answer.

Sig digs in each value Calculation with proper rounding Explanation

The rule for rounding
560 2 multiplication/division is to round the
final answer to the lowest number of
significant digits. Since, the number
560 x 28.1 = 15 736 ~ 16 000
right next to 5 is equal or bigger than
28.1 3 5, it needs to round up to 6 and the
zeroes need to stay to maintain the
magnitude of the value.

28) Hannah measured the heights of her three best friends. Hannah recorded the heights as 36.4 in, 40 in and
39 in. What is the sum of their heights, rounded appropriately?

36.4
40
+ 39__
115.4 in. ~ 115 in.

Therefore, the sum of their heights is 115 in.

29) Perform a full analysis for the following calculations. The first one has been done for you as an example.

Rounding rule to
Question Analyze the values Answer
apply
Need to know decimal
places
Add/subtract rule
1.234 = 3 d.p., 34.56 = 2 = 35.794 g
[round to the
1.234 g + 34.56 g d.p. = 35.79 g [rounded to 2
lowest number of
d.p.]
decimal places]
Therefore, the answer will
round to 2 d.p.
Add/subtract rule 1000 = no d.p.
[round to the 540.5 = 1 d.p. =3 541
1000 + 540.5 + 2000.5 lowest number of 2000.5 = 1 d.p.
decimal places]
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 Therefore, the answer
needs to round to no d.p.

77.88 = 2 d.p.
Add/subtract rule 80.456 = 3 d.p.
77.88 km =157.136 km
[round to the 1.2 = 1 d.p.
+ 80.456 km lowest number of
=157.1 km [rounded to 1
– 1.2 km decimal places] Therefore, the answer will
d.p.]
round to 1 d.p.
54.5 = 3 s.d.
Multiplying/Dividing 654.3 = 4 s.d.
=3 565 935
rule [round to the 100 = 1 s.d.
54.5 x 654.3 x 100 =3 000 000 [rounded to 1
lowest number of
s.d.]
significant digits] Therefore, the answer will
round to 1 s.d.
3.6 = 2 s.d.
Multiplying/Dividing
1.234 = 4 s.d.
rule [round to the =2.91734197731
3.6 ÷ 1.234 lowest number of =2.9 [rounded to 2 s.d.]
Therefore, the answer will
significant digits]
round to 2 s.d.
794.1 ÷ 3 = 264.7
Combining 264.7 + 14.38
operations rule
[round to the 264.7 = 1 d.p. =279.08
794.1 ÷ 3 + 14.38 lowest number of 14.38 = 2 d.p. =279.1 [rounded to 1 d.p.]
decimal places]
PEMDAS rule Therefore, the answer will
round to 1 d.p.

Density Calculations & Concepts

LO 1.10 Given the density formula, perform calculations that relate density, mass and volume

30) Fill in the triangle as it applies to density calculations. Then, write down the formulas for density, volume
and mass that you can derive from the density triangle.

Triangle Density Formula Volume Formula Mass Formula

d=m÷V V=m÷d m=dxV

31) Explain how water displacement can be used to find the volume of an object.

Subtract the initial level of the liquid in the cylinder from the final level of the liquid to find the
volume of an object.

Density Calculations
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 SUCCESS TIP 1: Don’t forget units and proper rounding in your final answers.
SUCCESS TIP 2: There are lots of sample problems below. You do not need to do all of them but you
should try at least 1-2 of each type.

Find Density

32) 10.0 L of a certain gas has a mass of 12.5 g. What is the density of this gas? [ANS: 1.25 g/L]

d = m/V m = 12.5g V = 10.0L

d = 12.5g/ 10.0L
d = 1.25 g/L

33) A block of metal of mass 7.45 g measures 1.2 cm high, 1.5 cm long and 0.75 cm wide. Calculate the
density. TIP: Find volume using l x w x h [ANS: 5.5 g/cm3]

d = m/V m = 7.45g

V=lxwxh
V = 1.5cm x 0.75cm x 1.2cm
V = 1.35 cm3

d = 7.45/1.35
d = 5.52g/cm3

34) Find the density of a material if a volume of 32 mL has a mass of 75 g. [ANS: 2.3 g/mL]

Find Mass
35) The density of nitrogen gas is 1.25 g/L. What is the mass of 0.40 L of nitrogen? [ANS: 0.50 g]

m=dxV

m = 1.25 x 0.40
m = 0.50g

Find Volume

36) Aluminum has a density of 2.7 g/cm3. What volume would 15.93 g of aluminum occupy? [ANS: 5.9 cm3]

V = m/d
V = 15.93/2.7
V = 5.9 cm3

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37) What is the volume of a sample of propane having a mass of 25.31 g? The density of propane is 2.02 g/L.
[ANS: 12.5 L]

Water Displacement Technique

38) When a stone with a mass of 48.3 g is placed in a graduated cylinder containing 50.5 mL of water, the
water level rises to 76.2 mL. Calculate the density of the stone. [ANS: 1.88 g/mL]

m = 48.3g

V = 76.2mL – 50.5 mL
V = 25.7 mL
V = 25.7 cm3

d = m/V
d = 48.3/25.7
d = 1.88 g/cm3

Analyzing Reasonableness
1.11 Consider the reasonableness of a numerical answer when determining if a solution is correct or incorrect

39) A new scale arrived for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the hospital. You have to make sure the
scale is calibrated correctly. You grab an apple from your lunch and place it on the scale. The scale reads
5.5 kg. Is this answer reasonable? Is the scale calibrated correctly or is there a potential problem?

This answer is not reasonable. Yes, there is a potential problem since 5.5 kg is too heavy for an
apple. 5.5kg is weigh about 10lbs dumbbells in the gym.

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