School of Electrical Engineering

The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad,

Pakistan

Proposal Title:
Development Board (89c51)
Submitted To:
Mr. Abdul Wahab Khan
Submitted By:
Sharoon
Registration No:
BEE-FA17-040
Department:
BEE (Electronics) – 5th
Outlines:

 Introduction
 Development Board
 Required components
 Component detail
 Procedure
 Process

Introduction:
In this section you will learn how to make an 89C51 development board. The 89C51 development board
is a practice board for beginners. The 89C51 development board is very important for making hobby,
useful, mini and mega projects. Without development kit you face many problems during learning and
making the projects using 89C51 microcontroller. 

Development board 89C51:

Required components:
 AT89c51
 AT89c2051
 MAX232
 Serial Port
 Crystal oscillator
 Diode
 Led
 Capacitor
 Connector
 Resistor
 Regulator (7805)
 9v Battery

Component detail:

1) AT89C51:
All four ports in the AT89C51 are bidirectional. Each consists of a latch (Special Function
Registers P0 through P3), an output driver, and an input buffer. The output drivers of Ports 0
and 2, and the input buffers of Port 0, are used in accesses to external memory. In this
application, Port 0 outputs the low byte of the external memory address, time-multiplexed with
the byte being written or read. Port 2 outputs the high byte of the external memory address when
the address is 16 bits wide. Otherwise the Port 2 pins continue to emit the P2 SFR content. All
the Port 3 pins, and two Port 1 pins (in the AT89C52) are multifunctional. The alternate
functions can only be activated if the corresponding bit latch in the port SFR contains a 1.
Otherwise the port pin is stuck at 0. It has less complex feature than other microprocessor.
 2) AT89c2051:
AT89C2051 is low voltage high performance CMOS-8 bit microcontroller with its flash memory
is 2k bytes and it used in PEROM memory., (programmable and erasable read only
memory).AT89C2051 is a chip which is called as powerful chip, which contains 8 bit versatile
CPU with flash memory and monolithic chip. AT89C2051 is very high flexible and its cost is very
effective solution to many other enabled control applications.
The AT89C2051 provides the following different features: it has2k bytes of flash, RAM is 128
bytes, and it varies 15 i/o lines, serial port(duplex) port, a precision along comparator, on-chip
oscillator and clock circuitry.AT89C2051 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero
frequency and support two software which is selectable saving power mode which steps CPU in
idle mode and allows RAM, timer, serial port and other interrupt system to continue its
functioning and the power down mode is disable all other chips but it freezes oscillator .

3) MAX 232:
The MAX232 is an integrated circuit first created in 1987 by Maxim Integrated Products that
converts signals from a TIA-232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL-compatible digital
logic circuits. The MAX232 is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that typically is used to convert
the RX, TX, CTS, and RTS signals.

4) Serial Port:
In computing, a serial port is a serial communication interface through which information
transfers in or out sequentially one bit at a time. This is in contrast to a parallel port which
communicates multiple bits simultaneously in parallel. Throughout most of the history
of personal computers, data was transferred through serial ports to devices such as
modems, terminals, and various peripherals.

5) Crystal Oscillator:
A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a
vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a
precise frequency. This frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wrist watches,
to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies
for radio transmitters and receivers. The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used is
the quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits incorporating them became known as crystal
oscillators, but other piezoelectric materials including polycrystalline ceramics are used in
similar circuits.
 6) Diodes:
A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one
direction; it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally
infinite) resistance in the other. A diode vacuum tube or thermionic diode is a vacuum tube with
two electrodes, a heated cathode and a plate, in which electrons can flow in only one direction,
from cathode to plate. A semiconductor diode, the most commonly used type today, is
a crystalline piece of semiconductor material with a p–n junction connected to two electrical
terminals. Semiconductor diodes were the first semiconductor electronic devices.

7) Led:
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows
through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the
form of photons.

8) Capacitor:
The capacitor is a component which has the ability or “capacity” to store energy in the form of
an electrical charge producing a potential difference (Static Voltage) across its plates, much like
a small rechargeable battery.
 9) Connector:
An electrical connector is an electromechanical device used to join electrical terminations and
create an electrical circuit. Most electrical connectors have a gender – i.e. the male component,
called a plug, connect to the female component, or socket. The connection may be removable (as
for portable equipment), require a tool for assembly and removal, or serve as a permanent
electrical joint between two points. An adapter can be used to join dissimilar connectors.

10) Resistors:
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as
a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal
levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other
uses.

11) Regulator(7805):
For 7805 IC, it is +5V DC regulated power supply. This regulator IC also adds a provision for
a heat sink. The input voltage to this voltage regulator can be up to 35V, and this IC can give a
 constant 5V for any value of input less than or equal to 35V which is the threshold limit.

12) 9v Battery:
Inside an alkaline or carbon-zinc 9-volt battery there are six cylindrical or flat cells connected in
series. Rechargeable nickel–cadmium (NiCad) and nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) batteries of
nominal 9V rating have between six and eight 1.2 volt cells.

Procedure:

First of all, Take a PCB sheet and print circuit on paper.

Clear the printed side of PCB with scotch bright for good printing.

Press the paper on PCB sheet using Iron for few minutes.

After pressing, remove the paper and required circuit transfer to the copper side of PCB sheet.

After that, put PCB sheet in Fecl3 for few seconds for the removal of extra copper.

Now, use drill for drilling the PCB sheet to place components onto.

Finally, soldering the components for proper adjustment of it and make sure its operation.
Process:

 Designing
 Schematic capture
 PCB layout
 3D view

 Printing (layout)
 Bottom view
 Top view

 Drilling

 Soldering

Designing:
a. Schematic capture:
First of all connect the circuit on proteous on schematic capture as shown in figure below. In this
we pick one by one all the components and place them. Then connect each other according to
configuration of development board.
 b. PCB layout:
Then open the PCB layout and place all the components on the right place where they were. They
were automatically connected to each other but you should have to design their rule manager
and auto route them.

c. 3D view:
Open the 3d view and take the Screenshot.

Printing (Layout):

a. top view:
 b. bottom View:

Drilling:
Soldering: