UNIT 9

GERUNDS
Gerunds as Subject
Gerunds are often used as the subject of a sentence to talk about activities, behaviors,
or opinions.

Learning a language requires time,hard work, and persistence.

Eating junk food is not healthy.

Gerunds as Subject Complements

Is a noun that follows a linking verb, They add information about the subject.

What I dislike most is repeating myself.

My dog's favorite activity is barking.

Gerunds as Object avoid - consider - feel like - mind

Gerund can be the object of certain verbs. can't help - enjoy - keep

I enjoy preparing a coffee after classes.

I don't mind wasting my whole fortune.

Gerunds as Object Complements

Describe or add information about the object of the sentence.

I saw Pedro going to the library.

Alex has trouble making new friends.

Gerunds as Object of
Possessive Gerunds
Prepositions
1) Formal speaking : possessive noun/pronoun
1) VERB + PREPOSITION
The kid's singing was too loud.
He talked about going to Peru for vacation. His dominating every conversation bothers me.
I'm interested in improving myself.
2) Informal speaking : name/object pronoun
2) ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION
I hate Peter shouting at me.
I'm good at making sushi. I like his reading to me.
We were tired of studying hard.

Active and Passive Gerunds

ACTIVE GERUNDS

Releasing my new album was all a success. (SIMPLE)

Having released my new album made me won a lot of money. (PAST)

PASSIVE GERUNDS

Being surprised by her coworkers was a special moment on her birthday. (SIMPLE)
Having been surprised by her coworkers was a special moment on her birthday. (PAST)