FLUID POWER & CONTROL

MMC 16104

DR. NIRANJAN KUMAR

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF MINING MACHINERY ENGINEERING
IIT(ISM) DHANBAD
REFERENCES

 Oil Hydraulic System, S. R. Majumder, Tata-McGraw Hill Publication.

 Pneumatic Systems, S. R. Majumder, Tata-McGraw Hill Publication.
 Hydraulic Control Systems, Herbert E. Merritt, John Wiley & Sons.
 Hydraulic Control Systems, Noah D. Manring, John Wiley & Sons.
 Power Hydraulics, Pinches, Prentice Hall Publication.
 Fluid power Circuits & Controls, John S. Cundiff, CRC Press.
 Fundamentals of Fluid Power Controls, John Watton, Cambrdge University Press.
 LAYOUT

FLUID POWER CONTROL

HYDRAULICS PNEUMATICS HYDRO-PNEUMATICS

• The term `Hydraulics’ has been derived from two Greek words (hydraulikos).
“Hydro” - meaning Water
“Aulos” - meaning Pipe

• Pneumatics (From Greek words : πνεύμα) means gas or pressurized air.

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO HYDRAULICS
Definition: Fluid power technology is the conversion of mechanical energy to fluid energy, delivery of this
energy to a utilization point, and then its conversion back to mechanical energy. A fluid power circuit has all
three features: conversion from mechanical energy to fluid energy, delivery, and conversion from fluid energy
back to mechanical energy.

Figure 1 Power transformation in fluid power system

Figure 2 Simplified hydraulic system
 WORKING OF A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Working of a hydraulic system

model developed on Automation
Studio E 6.1®.
APPLICATION OF HYDRAULICS
SIMILARITY BETWEEN HYDRAULIC AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
 An electrical circuit also has all three features, but often the designer focuses only for the final conversion
step - electrical-to-mechanical. Generation of the electrical energy and its delivery are external to the
design problem.

Figure 3 Power transformation in Electrical system

COMPARISON BETWEEN ELECTRICAL-MECHANICAL & HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
Table 1 Differences between different energy systems used for transmission
 PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAULIC POWER
 Pascal's law (stated by Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician in 1648): It states that when there is an increase in
pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.
 Law of Hydrostatics: It states that the pressure of fluid at rest increases on increasing the depth. i.e. the pressure
is dependent on the height of liquid column and its density irrespective of the shape or geometry of the container.
p=ℎ
 Brahma’s press principle: Application of Pascal’s Law in 1795 by an engineer.

Figure 3 Brahma’s press principle & application