Rocky软件简介

李树彦

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离散单元法：实时预测颗粒运动 2

 牛顿运动定律，
 颗粒在重力作用下下落：不同时刻的状态

g Time = t, åF = F body = mg
恒定加速度

Time = t + Dt, åF = F body = mg

Time = t + 2Dt, åF = F body + F surface = mg + F(t)contact

wall Time = t + 3Dt, åF = F body = mg

F = Force, m = mass, a = acceleration, g = acceleration due to gravity

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Rocky DEM的特色功能 3

 ACCURATE, with real physical representation

 FAST, with an unprecedented performance

First Ever Multi-GPU Solver for DEM!

 TAILORED, conceived for engineering design

 EASY TO USE, with a modern and customized UX

 FULLY INTEGRATED with ANSYS tools

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精确的真实颗粒形状 4

 Particle shapes in Rocky:

 Shapes made in Rocky:

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精确的真实颗粒形状 5

 Scan any shape and import it into Rocky:

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精确的真实颗粒形状 6

 Custom shapes:

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精确的真实颗粒形状 7

 Custom shapes:

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真实颗粒形状的重要性 8

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基于真实颗粒形状的精准破碎仿真能力 9

 Particle Breakage
Instant Fragmentation

Shape independent: validated for mining equipment

(ball mills, crushers etc.)
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基于真实颗粒形状的精准破碎仿真能力 10

 Breakage Comprehensive Post-Processing (Cone Crusher Example)

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颗粒加热/冷却的仿真能力 11

 Thermal Simulation (1M particles in Conical Dryer)

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柔性体仿真能力 12

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强大的并行计算能力 13

 Shared-parallel memory for both GPU and CPU

 Commercial scale tablet coater rotating at 10 RPM

 242,000 custom convex particles with 222 vertices each

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强大的并行计算能力 14

 Scale up of high shear wet granulation

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完全集成在ANSYS平台中 15

 Rocky as an ANSYS Workbench component;

 Integration with ANSYS SpaceClaim (for geometry development);

 Integration with ANSYS Structural (FEA solver) and ANSYS Fluent (CFD solver);

 Rocky parameters exposed into ANSYS Workbench environment;

 Optimization loops using ANSYS DX.

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完全集成在ANSYS平台中 16

 ANSYS Fluent Coupling (CFD)

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完全集成在ANSYS平台中 17

 Fluent Moving Mesh Support (single fluid domain)

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完全集成在ANSYS平台中 18

 ANSYS Mechanical Coupling

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完全集成在ANSYS平台中 19

 ANSYS DesignXplorer Coupling

 Automated project-level update

Input and Output Parameters mechanism
 Pervasive parameter management
 Integrated optimization tools
 Bidirectional parametric CAD
connectivity (future)

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基于CFD和DEM双向耦合的
流化床内颗粒运动仿真
李树彦

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OBJECTIVES 21

 The main purpose of this Workshop is to set up and run a two -way simulation between Rocky
and ANSYS Fluent.
 You will learn how to：  And you will use these features:
 Set up and save a Multiphase simulation  Custom Geometry Import
case in ANSYS Fluent  Fluent Two Way CFD Coupling
 Import geometry components from a  User Processes, including:
Fluent CAS file • Cube

 Save a Rocky project for restart • Property

 Set up and run a Fluent Two-Way  Divisions Tagging Particle Calculations

coupled simulation in Rocky  Graphs and Plots, including:

 Analyze the mixing efficiency by • Histograms

following individual particles • Time Plots

• Table Time Plots
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AGENDA 22

 Part 1: Verify that Rocky is ready for coupling  Part 3: Set up the coupling simulation using
 Install ANSYS coupling components within Rocky Rocky Custom Geometry Import
 Part 2: Set up a multiphase simulation using  Import geometries from the Fluent CAS file into
ANSYS Fluent Rocky

 Set up and save a Multiphase simulation case in  Run an initial simulation in Rocky

ANSYS Fluent  Save the Rocky project for restart

 IMPORTANT: Even if you are already familiar  Import the Multiphase simulation case into Rocky

with CFD, please follow Part 2 in order to understand  Set up and run the Fluent Two-Way coupled simulation

the main limitations and needs for coupling with Rocky. in Rocky
 Post-process the mixing efficiency with
Divisions Tagging
 Accessing the User Manual
 Conclusion
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ROCKY INSTALLATION 23

 During Rocky installation,ensure that the following default options remain selected:
 Ansys Fluent Coupling Support
 Ansys Workbench Addin

 Additionally, ensure this default option is enabled while

installing Rocky: Ansys Fluent Coupling Support
 ANSYS Workbench Addin Integration (for desired ANSYS
version).
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GEOMETRY 24

outlet
 The geometries in this tutorial is composed of a walled
rectangular volume, with:
 Inlet
 Outlet
 Note: These geometries will come from the Fluent CAS file that
you will set up as part of this workshop.

inlet

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FLUENT – SETUP 25

 Open ANSYS Fluent. Note: v18.0 was used for this Workshop.
 Start a new Fluent session.
 From the Fluent Launcher, select Double Precision, Parallel (Local
Machine), the number of Processors you want for your hardware,
and a Working Directory (as shown).
 Click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 26

 Ensure you have downloaded and saved to your computer the mesh.msh file that was provided
along with this PDF .
 From the File menu, point to Read, and then click Mesh…(as shown).
 From the Select File dialog, navigate to the location where the mesh
file is stored on your computer, and then click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 27

 From the General tab, click the Display... button.

 From the Mesh Display dialog, leave the default settings as they are,click Display to show the
geometries, and then click Close.
 From the General tab, do all of the following:
• Click the Check button to confirm that the mesh was imported correctly.
• Under Time, select Transient.（IMPORTANT: Transient must be selected in order to run a
coupled simulation. ）
• Click the Gravity box
to enable it, and then
define the direction
of the Gravitational
Acceleration (as shown).
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FLUENT – SETUP 28

 From the Tree panel, double-click the Materials option.

 From the Materials Task Pane, double-click air (under Fluid in the Materials box).
 From the Create/Edit Materials dialog, confirm and use the
default properties for air, and then click Close.

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FLUENT – SETUP 29

 From the Tree panel, right-click Fluid and then click New…..
 From the Create/Edit Materials dialog, define Name,
Density, and Viscosity (as shown).
 Click Change/Create, and then click Close.

 IMPORTANT: You must create a fluid

material to be used as the dispersed phase.
 Note: Since this phase is solved by Rocky,
you don't need to worry about setting its
properties here (as shown, viscosity can even be zero).
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FLUENT – SETUP 30

 From the Tree panel, expand Models and then double-click Multiphase (Off).
 From the Multiphase Model dialog, under Model select
Eulerian, and then verify that the Number of Eulerian
Phases is set to 2. (IMPORTANT: The Eulerian
multiphase model must be selected in order to run a
coupled simulation. In addition, the number of Eulerian
phases must be set to number of fluid phases + 1. )
 Under Eulerian Parameters, keep all options cleared.
(All are unsupported with coupling.)
 Under Volume Fraction Parameters, select
Implicit for Formulation.
 Click OK.
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FLUENT – SETUP 31

 From the Tree panel, expand the Multiphase (Eulerian) and then expand the Phases entities.
 Double-click the phase-1 – Primary Phase model.
 From the Primary Phase dialog, change the Name
to air.
 From the Phase Material list box, ensure that air
is selected.
 Click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 32

 From the Tree panel, double-click the phase-2 – Secondary Phase model.
 From the Secondary Phase dialog, change the Name
to particles.
 From the Phase Material list box, ensure that particles
is selected.
 The remaining default settings will apply.
 Click OK.
 NOTE: Since the interphase transfer
between fluids and particulate phases are
calculated on the Rocky side and not in
Fluent, you do not need to worry about
setting the diameter here.
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FLUENT – SETUP 33

 From the Tree panel, double-click Phase Interactions.

 From the Phase Interaction dialog, leave the settings as default, and then click OK.
 NOTE: Momentum exchange terms between
fluid and particles are calculated by Rocky.
 Therefore, you do not need to worry about
setting the transfer coefficients in Fluent.
 However, for cases with more than one
fluid phase, the phase interaction between
fluid phases should be properly defined
during this step.

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FLUENT – SETUP 34

 From the Tree panel, expand Cell Zone Conditions and then double-click solid (fluid).
 From the Fluid dialog, change the Zone Name to fluid (as shown).
 The remaining default settings will apply.
 NOTE: If you were to set moving meshes
for this (or any) Zone in Fluent, the Zone
Name you define here will become a new
Motion Frame in Rocky once the Fluent
CAS file is imported.

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FLUENT – SETUP 35

 From the Tree panel, under Models, double-click the Viscous model.
 From the Viscous Model dialog, under Model select
k-epsilon (2 eqn).
 Under Turbulence Multiphase Model, select
Dispersed (as shown).
 The remaining default settings will apply.
 Click OK.
 NOTE: The choice of turbulence model
depends upon the application.
 However, the Turbulent Multiphase Model
should always be set to Dispersed for
two-way coupling cases.
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FLUENT – SETUP 36

 From the Tree panel, double-click Boundary Conditions.

 From the Boundary Conditions panel, under Zone select inlet.
 Under Phase, confirm that mixture is selected, and then under Type, confirm that velocity-
inlet is selected (as shown). Click Edit.
 From the Velocity Inlet dialog, leave all settings as default, and then click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 37

 From the Phase list, select air, and then click Edit.
 From the Velocity Inlet dialog, define Velocity Magnitude and Turbulent Viscosity Ratio (as
shown).
 Click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 38

 From the Phase list, select particles, and then click Edit.
 From the Velocity Inlet dialog, define Velocity Magnitude (as shown), and then from the
Multiphase tab, define Volume Fraction (as shown).
 Click OK.
 IMPORTANT: The Volume Fraction of the dispersed phase handling the particulate phase
should be 0 at all boundaries.

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FLUENT – SETUP 39

 From the Boundary Conditions tab, under Zone, select outlet.

 Under Phase, confirm that mixture is selected, and then under Type, confirm that pressure-
outlet is selected. Click Edit.
 From the Pressure Outlet dialog, leave Gauge Pressure as 0 (zero).
 Click OK.

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FLUENT – SETUP 40

 From the Phase list, select particles, and then click on Edit.
 From the Pressure Outlet dialog, select the Multiphase tab, and then define Backflow
Volume Fraction (as shown).
 Click OK.
 NOTE: The Backflow Volume Fraction of the dispersed phase handling the particulate phase
should be 0 at all boundaries.

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FLUENT – SETUP 41

 From the Tree panel, double-click Solution Methods.

 From the Solution Methods Task Page, under Pressure-Velocity Coupling Scheme, ensure
that Phase Coupled SIMPLE is selected.
 IMPORTANT: Phase Coupled SIMPLE
method must be used for two-way coupling
simulations.
 Keep all default settings, including default
options for the discretization schemes that
Fluent uses to calculate gradients and
interpolate variables to non-stored locations.

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FLUENT – SETUP 42

 From the Tree panel, under Solution, double-click Initialization.

 From the Task Page, under Initialization Methods, select Standard Initialization and then
 from the Compute from list, select all-zones.
 Click Initialize.
 IMPORTANT: The volume fraction of
the dispersed phase handling the
particulate phase should be 0 at
initialization.

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FLUENT – SETUP 43

 From the Tree panel, under Solution, double-click Run Calculation.

 From the Task Page, define Time Step Size, Number of Time Steps, and Reporting Interval
(as shown)
 IMPORTANT: Fixed should be
selected for the Time Stepping
Method .
 Time Step Size will be updated
after coupling, in order to be an
integer multiple of Rocky Time
Step.

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FLUENT – SETUP 44

 From the File menu, point to Write and then

click Case…
 From the Select File dialog, choose a folder
location and then enter a Case File name (as
shown).
 Click OK.

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PROJECT CREATION 45

 Open Rocky 4. Look for Rocky 4 in Program Menu or use the desktop shortcut. Click on the
New Project button, or from the File menu, click New Project (Ctrl+N).

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ROCKY - PHYSICS DEFINITION 46

 From the Data panel, click Physics.

 From the Data Editors panel, select the Gravity tab, and
then define the gravity components and the time during
which it is applied.
 For this workshop, apply Gravity in the negative Z-
direction (as shown).

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ROCKY - GEOMETRY IMPORT 47

 The Geometries step enables you to either create or import geometries.

 For this case we will import geometries using the *.stl format. Right-
click Geometries, point to Import, and then click Custom Geometry.

 From the Select file to import dialog , ensure CAS Files is

selected from the file type list, and then navigate to and select
the Fluent CAS file you saved in Part 2 of this Workshop.
 Click Open.

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ROCKY - GEOMETRY IMPORT 48

 After saving the Rocky project, a dialog is displayed where geometry limits are shown (limits in
X, Y and Z direction).
 For this Workshop all geometries are in meters so ensure Import Unit is set to “m”.
 Use the Geometry Limits to ensure the unit you selected is the correct.
 Click OK to include the new parts into the simulation project.

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ROCKY – GEOMETRY SETUP 49

 To see the new parts, from the Windows menu, click New 3D View . From the Data panel, under
Geometries, multi-select inlet <01>, outlet <01> and walls <01> by holding the Shift key as you
left -click each entry.
 From the Data Editors panel, select the Colorings tab and then enable Transparency (as shown).

TIP: Multi-select enables you

to modify common properties
of all selected entities at once.

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ROCKY – GEOMETRY SETUP 50

 When using the Fluent CAS file to import geometries, all

named parts will be imported as different Geometries
components in Rocky.
 For this Workshop, you need only the inlet <01> and walls
<01> parts.
 From the Data panel, under Geometries, right-click outlet
<01> and then click Remove Geometry.

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ROCKY – GEOMETRY SETUP 51

 Rename the two remaining geometries by editing their

Names in the Custom Boundary tab of the
 Data Editors panel (as shown):
 inlet <01>: change to inlet
 walls <01>: change to walls

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ROCKY - INLET DEFINITION 52

 After the geometry is imported, an inlet must be defined in order to release particles into the
domain. From the Data panel, right-click Geometries, point to Create, and then click Inlet.

 Under Geometries, select the newly created Inlet <01>.

 From the Data Editors panel, ensure the
Inlet tab is selected, and then from the
Geometry sub-tab, define Center
Coordinates, Alignment Angle, Incline
Angle, Length and Width (as shown).

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ROCKY - INLET DEFINITION 53

 From the Simulation Configuration sub-tab, define Stop Time (as shown).

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ROCKY – MATERIAL DEFINITION 54

 From the Data panel, under Materials, select

Default Particles.
 From the Data Editors panel, clear the Use Bulk
Density checkbox.
 Define Density and Young’s Modulus (as shown).
 All other Materials and Materials Interaction
settings will be left as default values.

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ROCKY - PARTICLE GROUP DEFINITION 55

 To create a new particle group, right-click Particles in the

Data panel and then select Create Particle.

 A new particle group is created under Particles.

 Select the newly created Particle <01> entry to begin
editing its parameters.

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ROCKY - PARTICLE GROUP DEFINITION 56

 From the Data Editors panel, define the Name (as shown).
 From the Geometry sub-tab, leave all values as default.
 From the Size Distribution sub-tab, define Size (as shown).

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ROCKY - PARTICLE GROUP DEFINITION 57

 From the Data panel under Particles, create a second new Particle group, select it, and then from
the Data Editors panel, do all of the following:
 Define the Name (as shown).
 From the Size Distribution sub-tab, define Size (as shown).

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ROCKY - MASS FLOW DEFINITION 58

 To create a new particle mass flow, from the Data panel, right-
click Input and then select Create Particle Input.

 A new entry is created under Input.

 Select the newly created Particle Input <1> and then from the
Data Editors panel, modify the parameters as specified on the
following slide.

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ROCKY - MASS FLOW DEFINITION 59

 From the Entry Point list, select Inlet <01>.

 To create two new particle mass flows, click twice on the green plus button.
 For the first row, select smaller from the Particle list and then define the Tonnage (as shown).
 For the second row, select the bigger from the Particle list and then define the Tonnage (as
shown).

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ROCKY - SOLVER DEFINITION 60

 From the Data panel, click Solver and then from the Data Editors panel, ensure the Solver tab is
selected.
 From the Time Configuration sub-tab, define Simulation Duration and Output Frequency (as
shown).
 From the General Settings sub-tab, select CPU (or GPU/Multi GPU) as Simulation Target, and
then set the Number of Processors (or Target GPU(s)). For this workshop, CPU will be fastest
due to the low particle count.
 Click Start Simulation.

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SOLVER DEFINITION 61

 The Simulation Summary screen appears.

 Click OK to have Rocky begin processing the simulation.

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SIMULATION 62

 Click the Refresh button (or use the Auto Refresh checkbox) to see
the results during processing.
 Particle states can be viewed in real time as the simulation
progresses.
 The speed of the simulation depends upon various factors such as:
 Number of mesh elements used to define the geometry
 Number of contacts in the simulation domain at any time
 Smallest particle size and material stiffness
 The particle shape and the number of vertices used to define the
shape
 Frequency of file output

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SIMULATION 63

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SIMULATION 64

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大咖慧，顾名思义，汇集众多大咖智慧。
是由安世亚太打造的一个以设计、仿真、增材制造等领域技术
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