NDT Consultancy & Training Centre

UT LEVEL II General Question Paper

Instructions to the Candidate:

1. All the questions are having equal value.
2. For each question there is one and only one answer.
3. If you wish to challenge a question you can write your comments on the back of
answer sheet which can be considered for giving marks to that particular
question.
4. You have to use only pencil in the examination hall.
5. You are not allowed to write or mark on the question paper.
6. Any reference material is not allowed during examination except provided with
the question paper.
7. Time allowed for this examination is 60 minutes.
8. You will be provided with additional time for your comments after the
examination.

Questions:
1. For a transducer with any given Q, resolution increases with:
(a) Sensitivity
(b) Frequency
(c) Wavelength
(d) Crystal thickness

2. The term is used to refer to the product of wave velocity and density is:
(a) Acoustic impedance
(b) The velocity-density ratio
(c) Index of refraction
(d) Reflection co-efficient

3. For an ultrasonic beam with normal incidence, the reflection coefficient is given by:
(a) [(Z1+Z2)2]/[(Z1-Z2)2]
(b) (Z1+Z2)/(Z1-Z2)
(c) [(4) (Z1)(Z2)]/[(Z1+Z2)2]
(d) [(Z1-Z2)2]/[Z1+Z2)2]

4. For an ultrasonic beam with normal incidence the transmission coefficient is given
by:
(a) [(Z1+Z2)2]/[(Z1-Z2)2]
(b) (Z1+Z2)/(Z1-Z2)
(c) [(4) (Z1)(Z2)]/[(Z1+Z2)2]
(d) [(Z1-Z2)2]/[Z1+Z2)2]
5. Snell's law is used to calculate:
(a) Angle of beam divergence
(b) Angle of diffraction
(c) Angle of refraction
(d) None of the above

6. Calculate the refracted shear wave angle in aluminium [VS = 0.31cm/microsec] for
an
incident longitudinal wave of 53 degrees in Plexiglas [VL = 0.267cm/microsec]
(a) 53 degrees
(b) 61 degrees
(c) 42 degrees
(d) 68 degrees

7. Lithium sulphate, barium titanate and lead metaniobate are examples of:
(a) Magnetostrictive elements
(b) Piezoelectric elements
(c) Rochelle salts
(d) Y cut crystals

8. The particle motion for compression waves is:

(a) Parallel to wave propagation
(b) Transverse to wave propagation
(c) Elliptical
(d) Circular

9. Shear waves for ultrasonic testing are usually produced:

(a) X cut crystals
(b) Y cut crystals
(c) Modulated R-F conversion
(d) Mode converted longitudinal waves

10. Near surface resolution can be improved by:

(a) Using a narrow band transducer
(b) Using a focused transducer
(c) Using a high Q transducer
(d) None of the above

11. The most important requirement for paintbrush transducer is:

(a) Uniform beam intensity across the transducer
(b) A pinpoint focal spot
(c) Good horizontal linearity characteristics
(d) Prescribed vertical and horizontal linearity characteristics

12. Which of the following is an advantage of a focused transducer?

(a) Extended useful range
(b) Reduced sensitivity in localised area
(c) Improved signal to noise ratio over an extended range
(d) Higher resolution over a limited range
13. Principle Of UT
(a) Acoustic Impedance Mismatch
(b) Acoustic Emission
(c) Differential Absorption
(d) Capillary Action

14. Which of the following methods might be used to reduce attenuation losses in an
ultrasonic test?
(a) Use a shorter wavelength
(b) Use a lower frequency transducer
(c) Change from longitudinal waves to shear waves
(d) Change to a coarser grained test piece

15. An ultrasonic data display which shows a plan view presentation of the data is
called:
(a) A scan
(b) B scan
(c) C scan
(d) Orthogonal view

16. An ultrasonic display which shows a cross section of the test piece and any flaws
which are found are called:
(a) A scan
(b) B scan
(c) C scan
(d) Orthogonal view

17. An ultrasonic display which shows echo locations and amplitude is called:
(a) A scan
(b) B scan
(c) C scan
(d) Orthogonal view

18. DAC Curve Is a

(a) Amplitude Curve
(b) Reference Curve
(c) Both Of The Above
(d) Calibration Curve

19. The purpose of adding a wetting agent to an immersion bath is:

(a) To make sure the bath is wet
(b) To reduce corrosive properties of the bath
(c) To eliminate air bubbles in the bath
(d) To prevent rust
20. An ultrasonic technique in which two transducers are used, in a constant position
relative to each other, is:
(a) Through transmission
(b) Contact testing
(c) Pulse echo
(d) Continuous wave

21. Dead Zone is

(a) Unknown Time
(b) Ring time of crystal
(c) Time taken to reach back wall
(d) Near to Subsurface

22. The most effective liquid ultrasonic couplant (highest acoustic impedance) is:
(a) SAE 30 motor oil
(b) Glycerine
(c) Water
(d) Grease

23. How many decibels of attenuation correspond to an ultrasonic signal loss of from
100% to 25% on full screen height?
(a) 6
(b) 10
(c) 12
2(d) 14

24. Which of the following methods are used to produce ultrasonic waves?
(a) Magneto strictive methods
(b) Magneto inductive methods
(c) Piezoelectric elements
(d) All of the above

25. A reason for using a dual element search unit is:

(a) Improving near surface resolution
(b) Improving penetration
(c) Eliminating wear on the crystal faces
(d) None of the above

26.The Piezo Electric Material in the search unit :

(a) Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy
(b) Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
(c) Both A and B
(d) None of the above
27. The boundary between two different materials which are in contact with each
other is called:
(a) A rarefactor
(b) A refractor
(c) An interface
(d) A marker

28.In immersion testing, couplant is :

(a) Water
(b) Oil
(c) Glycerine
(d) Alcohol

29. The gradual loss of sonic energy as the ultrasonic vibrations travel through the
material is referred to as:
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Reproducibility
(d) Attenuation

30. A search unit containing three or more individual transducer elements is often
referred to as a
(a) Dual transducer
(b) Sandwich transducer
(c) Mosaic transducer
(d) None of the above

31. Sound can be focused by means of special curved adapters located in front of
The transducer element. These adapters are referred to as
(a) scrubbers
(b) acoustic lenses
(c) angle beam adapters
(d) single plane adapters

32. Another name for Fresnel zone is:

(a) Fraunhofer zone
(b) Near field
(c) Torrid zone
(d) Far field

33. When the incident angle is chosen between the first and second critical angle
which mode wave is present in the testmaterial:
(a) Shear Wave
(b) Longitudinal Wave
(c) Surface Waves
(d) Lamb Waves
34. Acoustic impedance is defined by which of the following relations?
(a) Material density / wavelength
(b) Material density X wavelength
(c) Velocity / wavelength
(d) Velocity X wavelength

35. ‘T Sec ’ Is the Formula for

(a) Half Beam Path
(b) Full Beam Path
(c) Half skip Distance
(d) Full skip Distance

36. ‘2T Sec ’ Is the Formula for

(a) Half Beam Path
(b) Full Beam Path
(c) Half skip Distance
(d) Full skip Distance

37. ‘t Tan ’ Is the Formula for

(a) Half Beam Path
(b) Full Beam Path
(c) Half skip Distance
(d) Full skip Distance

38. The v1 block sensitivity

(a) 0.5
(b) 1.5
(c) 2.5
(d) 3.5

39. Longitudinal velocity of steel is

(a) 5920 m/s
(b) 6320 m/s
(c) 1430 m/s
(d) 3250 m/s

40. When the motion of the particles of a medium is perpendicular to the direction of
wave motion, the wave being transmitted is called?
(a) Transverse Wave
(b) Surface Wave
(c) Shear Wave
(d) Both A and B