JULY 2020 CONFIDENTIAL

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

FINAL EXAMINATION
JULY 2020 SEMESTER

COURSE CODE : CPD 30303

COURSE NAME : PILOT PLANT OPERATION 2

PROGRAMME NAME : DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGY

DATE : 08 DECEMBER 2020

TIME : 02.00 PM – 04.00 PM

DURATION : 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Please CAREFULLY read the instructions given in the question paper.

2. This question paper has information printed on both sides of the paper.

3. This question paper consists of TWO (2) sections; Section A and Section B.

4. Answer ALL questions in Section A. For Section B, answer TWO (2) questions ONLY.

5. Please write your answers on the answer booklet provided.

6. Answer all questions in English language ONLY.

Name :………………………………………………………………………...
ID :………………………………………………………………………...

THERE ARE 7 PAGES OF QUESTIONS, EXCLUDING THIS PAGE.

SECTION A (Total: 60 marks)

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INSTRUCTION: Answer ALL questions.

Please use the answer booklet provided.

Question 1

Table 2 shows the experimental data obtained from the steam motor experiment.

Table 2: Steam motor experimental data

Specific enthalpy of steam leaving the boiler 2800 kJ/kg

Specific enthalpy of water in the boiler 550 kJ/kg
Specific enthalpy of the condensate 280 kJ/kg
Electric power input to the boiler 5.5 kW
Engine speed 2500 rpm
Brake radius 7 cm
Condensate flow rate 80 cm3/min
Spring balance reading (1) 13 N
Spring balance reading (2) 3N
(a) State the principle of First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.
(4 marks)
(b) Calculate the engine power output in W.
(4 marks)
(c) Calculate the boiler efficiency in %.
(4 marks)
(d) Calculate the Rankine efficiency in %.
(4 marks)
(e) Calculate the thermal efficiency in %.
(4 marks)

Question 2

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Table 1 shows the experimental data obtained from the refrigeration experiment.

Table 1: Refrigeration cycle experimental data

Condenser gauge pressure, Pc 0.15 MN/m2

Condenser temperature, T6 46oC
Condenser water flow rate, mc 20 000 mg/s
Condenser water inlet temperature, T4 34oC
Condenser water outlet temperature, T3 38oC
Evaporator gauge pressure, Pe 0.05 MN/m2
Evaporator water flow rate, me 10 g/s
Evaporator water inlet temperature, T1 36oC
Evaporator water outlet temperature, T2 34oC
Compressor discharged temperature, T7 80oC
Condenser liquid temperature, T8 60oC
Specific heat capacity of water, Cp 4.18 kJ/kgoC
Density of water, ρ 1000 kg/m3
Local atmospheric pressure 101.325 kN/m2
Heat transfer surface area, m2 0.02 m2
Coefficient of performance 8.5

(a) Determine h2, h3 and h4 in kJ/kg.

(5 marks)
(b) Calculate h1 and the evaporator temperature T5 in K.
(3 marks)
(c) Plot the vapor compression cycle on the Pressure-Enthalpy diagram.
(Please submit the plotted Pressure-Enthalpy diagram with Answer Booklet)
(2 marks)
(d) Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient in evaporator.
(5 marks)
(e) Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient in condenser.
(5 marks)

Question 3

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Turbines used in hydroelectric power plants to generate power from reservoirs of

water/steam/gas. In turbine experiment, a pump supplies high pressure water producing 7.0
N force rotating the displacement vector of 8.0 mm.

(a) Calculate the number of rotations per second done by turbine, if the hydraulic power
generated is 24.2 Nm/s.
(6 marks)
(b) Calculate the increment of torque produced when the number of rotation per minute
increase by 30% and efficiency increase by 5%. Given Pel=51.35 W and ղ=78%
(10 marks)
(c) State two types of turbine and the difference between the two.
(4 marks)

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SECTION B (Total: 40 marks)

INSTRUCTION: Answer only TWO (2) questions.

Please use the answer booklet provided.

Question 4

Steam power plant is widely utilized throughout the world for electricity generation. This plant
consists of a boiler, steam turbine, generator and other auxiliaries.

(a) State three raw materials used to fuel power plant.

(3 marks)
(b) State four energy transformations from boiler to generator.
(4 marks)
(c) Briefly explain the purpose of main component in steam power plant (boiler, turbine,
generator, condenser and feed water pump).
(10 marks)
(d) Rankine cycle is a steam cycle used in electrical power plant. State three methods to
increase rankine efficiency.
(3 marks)

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Question 5

A compressor is a mechanical device that widely used in a power plant to increase the
pressure of a fluid by reducing the volume.

(a) State two types of centrifugal compressor.

(2 marks)
(b) Explain the function of both centrifugal compressor stated in (a).
(2 marks)
(c) Given the total air pressure of compressor is 6.5 mbar and the air pressure flowing in
the compressor is 380 N/m2, calculate the compressor pressure ratio.
(4 marks)
(d) The following experimental data were obtained from centrifugal compressor
experiment:
Nozzle diameter : 0.044 m
Air density : 1.21 kg/m3 at 20oC and 1013 mbar
Pressure drop : 0.35 mbar
Differential pressure, dp1 : 0.138 kN/m2
Electrical power, Pel : 4890 W

If the pressure drop is increased by 28%, calculate:

m3
i. the volumetric flowrate ( )
hr
of the air at the inlet.

(5 marks)
ii. the hydraulic power (W) generated by the compressor.
(5 marks)
iii. the efficiency (%) of the compressor.
(2 marks)

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Question 6

Non-destructive testing (NDT) plays an important role in many industries to ensure the
equipment perform their function in a reliable, safe, and cost effective manner.

(a) Define NDT.

(2 marks)
(b) State the objective of NDT.
(2 marks)
(c) Explain four uses of NDT method.
(4 marks)
(d) During a plant turnaround in Petronas Ethylene/Polyethylene, Kerteh Terengganu, it
is found that the amount of raw material at polyethylene plant is insufficient.
Polyethylene is directly produced from ethylene product. After a few inspections, the
problem is coming from the pipeline that connect between ethylene product outlet
and polyethylene raw material inlet. As NDT inspector, you have been assigned a
task to troubleshoot this problem. Identify two methods of NDT that can be used to
analyze the problem and explain the process without causing harm to the other plant
section.
(12 marks)

END OF EXAMINATION PAPER

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Appendix A

N 2 πR ( F 1−F 2 ) N
1 bar = 100 000 W 1=
m2 60

kg . m ms (h1−h w )
1N=1 ηalignl¿ ¿ ¿= ¿
s2 Q1

1 kNm-2 = 0.01 bar

W1
η=
1 kNm-2=1000 Pa m s ( hw −h1 )

1 Nm/s=0.001 kJ/s W1
η=
Q 1 + ms ( h w −h3 )
h1−h 4 ( Q ¿ )
COP=
h2−h1 ( W ¿ ) T =F × r

Q=UA ∆T Phyd =ω×T

Q=mC p ∆T
2 πN
ω=
P exit 60
CPR=
Penter

π 2 ( 100 ) ∆ p
Q= d 2
4 ρ √ (3600)

100  dp1  dp2  Q

Phyd  in W
3600

Phyd
η= x 100
Pel

h g−h f
x=
hfg

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NAME: __________________________________ ID NO: __________________________

Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram

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