IADC/SPE 87977

MWD Survey Accuracy Improvements

Using Multistation Analysis

Chris Chia, SPE, Schlumberger

Bruno C. de Lima, SPE, Schlumberger
 MSA Drillstring Interference Correction
1000

Vertical Component Offset

800

600

400

200

0
Horizontal Component Offset
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

-200

-400
 MSA Drillstring Interference Correction
1000

Vertical Component Offset

800

600

400

200

Perfect Survey
Environment Horizontal Component Offset
0
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

-200

-400
 MSA Drillstring Interference Correction
1000

Vertical Component Offset

800

600

400

200

0
Horizontal Component Offset
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

-200

Survey Acceptance
-400
 MSA Drillstring Interference Correction
1000

Vertical Component Offset

800

600

400

200

0
Horizontal Component Offset
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

-200

Survey Acceptance
-400
 Case Study Data
• Main study - 5 years of drilling data from one field
– MWD data from 107 BHA runs with good non-mag spacing
– all with independent overlapping gyro surveys
– over a range of MWD tool sizes and gyro instrument types.
• Validation wells - 14 BHA runs from worldwide locations
– 11 wells tough magnetic surveying conditions/orientations,
– some cases with no nonmag in the BHA except MWD,
– also all with independent overlapping gyro surveys.
• 121 BHA runs and 758,000ft of MWD & Gyro surveyed
hole
 N
Main Study Wells
Validation Wells 0

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20

W 10

10
E
20

30
40

50

60
70

80

90

S
 Multistation Analysis Histogram
30

28

26

24

22

20

18
Number of Runs

16

14

12

10

0
-6.0 -5.4 -4.8 -4.2 -3.6 -3.0 -2.4 -1.8 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0

Lateral Improvement (per 100 meters Horizontal Displacement)

Average Azimuth Error – Main 68% Runs

ISCWSA Azi error = √(D2 + AMIC2 + AMID2 + G2 + M2)

where: D= Declination error (0.49°)

AMIC = Mag-Interference constant (0.25 °)
AMID – Mag-Int Direction dependent (0.5 °SinI*SinAz)
G = Gyro sensor error (est 0.33 °)
M = Magnetic sensor error (est 0.44 °CosI/SinI)
 d el
Common tie-on point Mo
r or
Er
W D
d M
d a r
t an
y S
du s tr
In
Reference Gyro Survey

1.1 deg
 d el
Common tie-on point Mo
r or
Er
W D
d M
d a r u l t s
an Res
St MW D
t ry e ct e d
du s c o r r
In Un
Reference Gyro Survey
0.47 deg

1.1 deg
 d el
Mo
Common tie-on point
r or
Er
W D
d M
d a r u l t s
an Re s
St MW D
t ry e c te d t s
u s c or r R e s u l
Ind Un
c t ed M W D
Co rr e

0.47deg 0.41 deg

1.1 deg
ISCWSA Standard MWD Error Model

MWD Sensor Errors

Sensor Misalignment Errors

Drillstring Magnetic Interference Errors

Magnetic Reference Field Errors

Depth Errors
 New AMIC and AMID Coefficients
• To derive new AMIC and AMID terms…
– First try to estimate new local Declination error term (0.27°)
– Calculate average angular offset after MSA correction
• This reduced the average azimuth error allowance to 1.0°
– Still not close to our uncorrected 0.47°
– ISCWSA may be too conservative in this case - not pursued
– AMIC for wells with close to zero orientation weighting = 0.15°
– Average AMID derived to solve equation = 0.3°
• Azimuth bias direction wasn’t calculated – (not as modeled?)
Validation of AMIC and AMID Terms
• Average offset in Total |B| = 85nT
• Average offset in Dip angle = 0.15°
• Average offset in Gravity |G| = 0.1mG
Orientation Gyro Major MSA Major Horizontal 1-sigma
Weighting Semi-axis Semi-axis Separation Confidence
Run Num # (sinAz x sinI) (m) (m) (m) Overlap (%)
1 -0.9736 29.31 31.89 16.91 72.36
2 -0.9804 60.92 52.46 4.69 95.87
3 -0.5104 28.07 36.13 30.86 51.94
4 -0.9749 44.08 43.48 59.58 31.95
5 -0.9811 56.26 48.49 28.8 72.51
6 -0.9821 61.1 54.75 41.63 64.06
7 -0.9752 48.45 47.74 6.76 92.97
8 -0.9867 70.37 58.97 4 96.91
9 0.0284 20.54 20.62 2.13 94.82
10 0.1984 20.54 21.14 2.27 94.54
11 -0.6694 25.23 30.69 2.52 95.49
12 -0.0321 20.44 20.55 0.76 98.13
13 -0.1346 21.69 25.11 4.15 91.14
14 -0.1057 27.28 26.29 4.18 92.2