SOAPS AND DETERGENTS

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOAPS AND DETERGENTS:

SOAPS:

 Soaps are potassium or sodium salts of a carboxylic acid having a long aliphatic chain
attached to it.
 They are surfactants (compounds that reduce the surface tension between a liquid and
another substance) and therefore help in the emulsification of oils in water.
 Soaps are generally prepared via the saponification of fats and oils.
 The carboxylate end of the soap molecule is hydrophilic whereas the hydrocarbon tail is
hydrophobic.
 Consist of a ‘-COONa’ group attached to a fatty acid having a long alkyl chain.
 They are not effective in hard water and saline water
 Soaps are completely biodegradable
 They have a tendency to form scum in a hard water environment.
 They are derived from natural sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats.
 Soaps are environment-friendly products since they are biodegradable.
 Examples of soaps: sodium palmitate and sodium stearate.

DETERGENTS:

 Detergents are the potassium or sodium salts of a long alkyl chain ending with a
sulfonate group.
 They are soluble in hard water.
 This solubility is attributed to the fact that the sulfonate group does not attach itself to
the ions present in hard water.
 Commonly, anionic detergents such as alkylbenzenesulfonates are used for domestic
purposes.
 Consist of a ‘-SO3Na’ group attached to a long alkyl chain.
 They do not lose their effectiveness in hard water and saline water.
 Detergents containing a branched hydrocarbon chain are non-biodegradable
 These compounds do not form scum.
 Detergents are synthetic derivatives.
 These compounds can form thick foam that causes the death of aquatic life.
 Examples of detergents: deoxycholic acid and sodium lauryl sulfate.
INGREDIENTS PRESENT IN THE SOAP AND DETERGENT YOU USE
REGULARLY AND MENTION ITS FUNCTION AND ILL-EFFECTS

SOAP (HAMAM TOILET SOAP):

Toilet soap is used to wash an object or a body and contains more acids which are called fatty
material. With high fatty content these soaps cleanse very well and remove all most all germs
including few agents which are helpful for skin. These soaps contain high TFM. Hamam is a mild
soap and it is also the only Indian-made natural soap. Hamam has been traditionally
recommended by doctors as suitable for all and it is made from 100% Vegetables and oil. The
Neem, tulsi and aloe Vera extracts of Hamam provides adequate protection from various skin
problems like pimples, prickly heat, body odour, rashes etc.

Ingredients:

Sodium Palmate, Sodium Palm Kernelate, Water, Glycerin, Talc, Calcium Carbonate, Stearic Acid,
Perfume, Sodium Chloride, Titanium Dioxide, Etidronic Acid, Tetrasodium EDTA, Cl 11680, Cl 74260, Aloe
Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract, Ocimum
Sanctum Leaf Extract, Methylchloroisothiasolinone, Methylsothiazolinone, Melia Azadirachta
(Neem),Seed oil, Tetrasodium Editronate, Coumarin, Hexyl Cinnamal, Hydroxycitronellal, Limonene,
Linalool
ILL EFFECTS:

No ill effects found and suitable for all types of skin. It is said to be pure and safe on the skin.

DETERGENT (SURF EXCEL):

PRODUCT (AS LABELED): Surf® Laundry Detergent Powder - Active Oxygen, Original Scent

GENERAL USE: A Consumer Powder Laundry Detergent

INGREDIENTS:
Cleaning agents (anionic and nonionic surfactants, enzymes), water softeners (sodium
carbonate and sodium aluminosilicate), fabric whitener, sodium perborate, anti-redeposition
agent, perfume, washer protection agent (sodium silicate) and processing aids (sodium sulfate).
This detergent is made without phosphorous.

ILLEFFECTS:

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Eye Irritant. May Be Harmful If Swallowed. Contains sodium carbonate and
sodium perborate. In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water. If swallowed, drink a glass of
water or milk. Call a physician. Keep out of reach of children.

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS:

CONTACT WITH EYES: Eye irritant.

CONTACT WITH SKIN: No irritation with brief contact. May cause skin irritation from prolonged or
repeated industrial contact.

INGESTION: May be harmful if swallowed. INHALATION: While inhalation of product is unlikely, such
exposure may cause upper respiratory irritation.

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS: None expected.