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Math10 Q2 Mod3 SolvingProblemsOnPolynomialEquations v2
Math10 Q2 Mod3 SolvingProblemsOnPolynomialEquations v2
NOT
10
Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Module 3
Solving Problems Involving
Polynomial Functions
What I Know
Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 39
Assessment: (Post-Test) ...................................................................................................................... 40
Answer Key................................................................................................................................................ 42
References 46
.......................................................................................................................................................................
What This Module is About
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the desired objectives, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.
This module was designed and created especially for you. This will help you
understand polynomial functions deeper and solve real-life problems involving
polynomial functions. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
On a glass factory, paperweights are created by pouring molten glass into molds.
Each mold is a rectangular prism with a height 3 cm greater than the length of each side
of its square base. Each mold holds 112 cubic centimeters of glass.
9. If x represents the length of each side of the square base, which of the following
mathematical model satisfy the condition of the above problem?
A. (x + 3) (x + 3) (x) = 112 B. (x + 3) (x) (x) = 112
C. (x + 3) (x) = 112 D. 112 (x + 3) = (x) (x)
10. What is the height of the glass mold?
A. 4 cm B. 5cm C. 6 cm D. 7 cm
11. What are the dimensions of the glass molds? (Follow V = LWH)
A. 4 cm by 5 cm by 8 cm B. 4 cm by 4 cm by 7 cm
C. 5 cm by 5 cm by 8 cm D. 5 cm by 8 cm by 8 cm
A construction company was hired to build a swimming pool for public use. The
client wants the depth of the pool to be 2 meters less than the width and the length is 10
meters more than the width. The client also specified that the pool must have a water
capacity of 595 cubic meters.
12. If w represents the measurement of the width, which of the following mathematical
model satisfy the condition of the above problem?
A. (w - 2) (w + 2) (w) + 10 = 595 B. (w - 2) (w - 10) (w) = 595
C. (w - 2) (w + 10) (w) = 595 D. (w - 10) (w + 2) (w) = (595
13. How deep is the pool?
A. 3 meters B. 4 meters C. 5 meters D. 6 meters
14. How long is the pool?
A. 15 meters B. 17 meters C. 19 meters D. 21 meters
15. What are the dimensions of the swimming pool? (Follow V = LWH)
A. 17 m by 5 m by 5 m B. 12 m by 2 m by 7 m
C. 12 m by 5 m by 8 m D. 17 m by 7 m by 5 m
Lesson Solving Problems Involving
Polynomial Functions
1 Through Evaluation (Day 1)
What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about the topic on this lesson.
Answer all items. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
The estimated number of electric vehicles, V (in thousands), in the Philippines can
be modeled by the polynomial function: V(y) = 0.15128y3 – 3.28234y2 + 23.7565y –
2.041 where y represents the number of years after the year 2005.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
2. Based on the problem, V represents __________.
A. the estimated number of electric vehicles.
B. the number of years after the year 2005.
C. the estimated number of the modeled polynomial function.
D. the number of vehicles present in the Philippines.
3. At what year after 2005 will the estimated number of electric vehicles be
calculated if y = 5?
A. 2005 B. 2007 C. 2008 D. 2010
1
5. What is the estimated number of electric vehicles at the end of year 2008?
(Round off to the nearest thousand).
A. 45, 000 B. 46, 000 C. 47, 000 D. 48, 000
The volume, V (in cubic feet), of a rectangular hydraulic block is modeled by the
polynomial function V(w) = 2w3 + 11w2 – 12w where w is the width (in feet) of the
hydraulic block.
10. The polynomial function of the rectangular block represents what equation?
A. B. C. D.
The profit, P (in millions of pesos), for a flash drive manufacturer can be modeled
by P = 6n3 + 72n where n (in millions) is the number of flash drive produced. What would
be the profit of the manufacturer if it produced 3 million flash drives?
13. What is the value of n when the manufacturer produced 3 000 000 flash drives?
A. 3 B. 300 C. 30 000 D. 3 000 000
15. What would be the profit of the manufacturer if it produced 2 million flash drives?
A. 54 million B. 144 million C. 192 million D. 216 million
2
What’s In
Determine the leading term, end behaviors, y –intercept, and number of
turning points for each given polynomial function.
Were you able to apply all the necessary concepts and properties in
graphing each function? The next activity will let you see the connections of these
mathematics concepts to real – life situations.
What’s New
Let’s Explore
1. Suppose that the Town of Talakag discovered wild boars near the town’s
outskirts in 2010. So, they began tracking the number of wild boars near the
town outskirts each year and the following chart shows how many wild
boars, B, were present each year, x, after 2010.
x (years) 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6
B (number
of wild 1 4 10 20 35 45 56
boars)
3
Questions/ Tasks:
a. Using the graph, what is the approximate number of wild boars after 3.5
years?
b. Compare the number of wild boars in year 5.5 as given on the table to the
number of wild boars given using the polynomial functions. Why are these
values not exactly the same?
c. Do you think you can use the polynomial function to predict the number of
wild boars on the 10th year? Why or why not?
Were you surprised that polynomial functions can be applied in real – life
problems and also have practical uses? What do you need to solve these
problems? Enjoy learning as you proceed to the next section.
1. The number of cable TV systems sold after year 2010 can be modeled by the
polynomial function C(t) = -43.2t2 + 1343t + 790, where t represents the
number of years since 2010.
a. How many cable TV systems sold after the end of 2015?
b. After 10 years from 2010, what is the expected number of cable TV
systems sold?
2. Suppose that the average fuel (in Liters) consumed by individual vehicles
monthly in Philippines is modeled by the cubic equation F(t) = 0.025t3 – 1.5t2
+ 18.25t + 148, where t in the number of months.
a. What is the average fuel consumed by individual vehicles after half a
year?
b. After 1 year, what is the expected average fuel consumed by individual
vehicles?
4
3. An owner of a certain resort decided to remove the pollutants on their
swimming pool. The cost C (in pesos) of removing p percent of pollutants from
the swimming pool is given by the polynomial function C(p) = 25x2 – 50x +
24500.
a. What is the cost of removing 20% of the pollutants from the swimming
pool?
b. If the owner decided to remove all the pollutants from the swimming
pool, how much would it cost?
What Is It
Your previous lesson has defined Polynomial Function as a function of the
form P(x) = an xn + an-1 xn-1 + … + a1 x + a0 where an are real numbers called
coefficients and n is a positive integer, and an xn is the leading term, an is the leading
coefficient, a0 is the constant term and an ≠ 0. Since the problems involves
polynomial functions then we could use many ways on solving these kinds of
problems. Here we are going to discuss and solve problems together step by step.
The problems presented below are things that we could relate to real-life situations.
Example 1:
Suppose a windmill generates power based on the speed of the wind. This is
represented by the polynomial function , where s represents the
speed of the wind in kilometers per hour. If the wind speed is 15 kilometers per hour,
how many units of power, P(s), can the windmill generate?
Procedure:
Answer: The windmill can generate 50.625 units of power if the wind speed is
15 kilometers per hour.
5
Example 2:
Procedure:
Answer: There will be 18, 409 citizens residing at Barangay San Isidro after 3
years.
What’s More
Direction: Answer the following question through evaluating each given polynomial
function. (3 points each)
6
2000, where a is the amount spent on advertising (in thousands of pesos).
What is its profit if a = 16?
3. Suppose that the total number attendance A (in thousands) at NCAA women’s
basketball games is modeled by the polynomial function
A = -1.95t3 + 70.1t2 – 188t + 2150, from 2000 to 2018, where t is the number of
years since 2000. Find the attendance for the year 2009.
4. The number of eggs, E(x), in a female butterfly is a function of her abdominal
width, x, in millimeters, modeled by E(x) = 14x3 – 17x2 – 16x + 34. How many
eggs can the butterfly carry if the width of her abdomen is 4 millimeters?
5. A pyramid can be formed using same sized balls. For example, 3 balls can be
arranged in a triangle, then the fourth ball placed in the middle on top of them.
The total number of balls used can be modeled by the polynomial function,
, where n is the number of balls on each side of the
bottom layer. What is the total number of balls used to form a pyramid if there
are 5 balls on each side of the bottom layer?
Direction: Answer the following question through evaluating each given polynomial
function. (3 points each)
7
What I Have Learned
Direction. Chose a word or phrase from the box below to fill in the missing parts.
6. How much would it cost if you remove 20% of the pollutants in the swimming
pool?
7. What is the cost of removing 30% of the pollutants from the swimming pool?
8. If the owner decided to remove half the pollutants from the swimming pool,
how much would it cost?
9. How much does it cost if all the pollutants are removed?
10. If you are the owner, what will you do? Remove the pollutants by percent? Or
remove all the pollutants? Why?
8
What I Can Do
Directions: Read and analyze the situation below. Then, answer the following
questions.
b. On every gaming laptop sold, you donate 10 pesos on a certain charity that
helps those students who cannot go to school because of financial problem.
How much would you donate on the charity on the year 2035?
c. On solving the previous problem above, what did you do? Explain what you
have done.
Assessment
Let us find out how much you have learned about the topic on this lesson.
Answer all items. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
2. Based on the problem, V represents __________.
A. the estimated number of motorcycles.
9
B. the number of years after the year 2000.
C. the estimated number of the modeled polynomial function.
D. the number of vehicles present in the Philippines.
3. At what year after 2000 will the estimated number of motorcycles be calculated if
y = 4?
A. 2004 B. 2005 C. 2006 D. 2007
The volume, V (in cubic feet), of a rectangular ice block is modeled by the
polynomial function V(w) = 4w3 + 13w2 – 5w where w is the width (in feet) of the ice
block.
10. The polynomial function of the rectangular block represents what equation?
A. B. C. D.
The profit, P (in millions of pesos), for a laptop manufacturer can be modeled by P
= 3n3 + 64n where n (in millions) is the number of laptops produced. What would be the
profit of the manufacturer if it produced 3 million laptops?
10
13. What is the value of n when the manufacturer produced 3 000 000 flash drives?
A. 3 B. 300 C. 30 000 D. 3 000 000
15. What would be the profit of the manufacturer if it produced 2 million flash drives?
A. 152 million B. 168 million D. 198 million D. 216 million
Additional Activities
Activity 3: You Complete Me!
Direction: Fill up the missing parts of the solution to the problem. Copy and answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
Silvana was told that the volume of a certain block is modeled by the function
V(x) = 5x6 – 2x5 + 7x4 – 10x3 + 14x2 – 8x + 8, where x is the length in meters of the
certain block. Find the volume of a certain block with a length of 2 meters.
Procedure:
1. _____________
Step 1 Rewrite the given.
2. _____________
Identify what is asked on the
Step 2 3. _____________
problem.
5. ________________
4. V (__) = 5(__)6 – 2(__)5 + 7(__)4 –
Step 3 since x = 2 based on the
10(__)3 + 14(__)2 – 8(__) + 8
given.
6. V (2) = 5(__) – 2(__) + 7(__) – 10(__) +
Step 4 Simplify the equation.
14(__) – 8(__) + 8
Direction: Answer the following question through evaluating each given polynomial
function. (3 points each)
1. A drugstore that sells a certain brand of Vitamin C tablets predicts that their
profit P can be modeled by the polynomial function P(a) = -50a3 + 2400a2 –
2000, where a is the amount spent on advertising (in thousands of pesos).
What is its profit if a = 10?
11
2. The number of eggs, E(x), in a female butterfly is a function of her abdominal
width, x, in millimeters, modeled by E(x) = 14x3 – 17x2 – 16x + 34. How many
eggs can the butterfly carry if the width of her abdomen is 2 millimeters?
3. The profit P (in millions) of a certain brand of energy drink in a year is
represented by the polynomial equation P(t) = 5t3 + 20t2 – 30t – 200 where t is
the number of years. How much is the profit after 3 years?
4. If you look at the cross sections of a honeycomb, you will see patterns of
hexagons. Suppose that the number of hexagon H inside a honeycomb is
given by the polynomial function H(y) = 3y2 – y + 1 where y is the number of
layers inside the honeycomb. If there are 7 layers inside the honeycomb, how
many hexagons are present inside?
5. In 2010, the population P of a certain municipality is modeled by the function
P(t) = 6t3 – 700t2 + 5000t + 14000 where t is the number of years after 2010.
What is the population of the municipality after 2015?
12
Lesson Solving Problems Involving
Polynomial Functions Through
2 Factoring (Day 2)
What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about the topic on this lesson.
Answer all items. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Mhaica is a successful agriculturist. She created hybrid crops that help a lot of
people in a certain province. Due to her creation, the businesses that involves the said
hybrid crop started to boom. The polynomial function P(x) = x3 + 2x2 – 33x – 5
represents the profit (in thousands of dollars) of a certain company that processes the
said hybrid crop where x is the number of hybrid crops processed in thousands.
Determine the number of hybrid crops processed when the company profited 85
thousand dollars.
8. If the company earns a revenue of 7, 500 pesos on a certain day, how many
records were sold?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 20 D. 30
A box is to be shipped abroad. The volume (in cubic feet) of the box can be
expressed as the product of its three dimensions which can be represented by the
function V(w) = w3 – 2w2 – 29w – 2, where w is the measure of its width in feet. What
is the width of the box if the volume of the box is 40 ft3?
14
13. The polynomial function represents ____________.
A. measure of its width in feet
B. width of the box which is 40 ft3
C. dimensions of the box
D. volume of the box in cubic feet
What’s In
Evaluate the following polynomials function with its given value.
Were you able to apply all the necessary concepts in evaluating polynomial
function? The next activity will let you see another way of solving problems
involving polynomial functions.
What’s New
Let’s Explore
Were you surprised that polynomial functions can be applied in real – life
problems and have practical uses? What do you need to solve these problems?
Enjoy learning as you proceed to the next section.
2. Suppose that the safe stopping distance (in meters) of a car is given by
, where s represents the speed of the car in miles per hour.
Determine the safe speed of the car if it is expected to stop in 50 meters?
a. Based on the problem, what are you trying to find?
b. Determine the safe speed of the car if it is expected to stop in 50
meters?
What Is It
The previous lesson tells us how to solve problems involving polynomial
functions through evaluation. That is, solving for the value of the dependent variable
(example of this is P(x), V(x) given the value of the independent variable. Now, we
will solve the problems using factoring, but the difference is the problems below are
more on solving for the value of the independent variable given the value of the
dependent variable. Here, we are going discuss and solve problems together step
by step using the lessons you have discussed in the previous days. The problems
presented below are things that we could relate to real-life situations
Example 1:
Suppose a windmill generates power based on the speed of the wind. This is
represented by the polynomial function , where s represents the
speed of the wind in kilometers per hour. If the windmill generated 50 units of power,
what is the speed of the wind?
Procedure:
Step 1
, First let us rewrite the given.
P(s) = 50 units
Then we identify what is asked on
Step 2 Find s when P(s) = 50.
the problem.
We replace P(s) with 50 since it is
Step 3
given than P(s) = 50.
We add – 50 to both sides so that
Step 4
the other side is equal to zero.
We now then solve the equation
using factoring. You could use also
Step 5 0 = (s – 10) (s + 5)
quadratic equation on solving for the
value of s.
We equate each factor by zero by
s – 10 = 0
Step 6 zero – product property and to solve
s+5=0
for the value of s.
By solving each linear equation, we
Step 7 s = 10, s = - 5
got s = 10 and s = - 5, but we are
going to reject – 5 since there is no
negative speed of the wind. Thus, we
got s = 10.
Answer: The speed of the wind should be 10 kilometers per hour to generate
50 units of power.
Example 2:
A sculptor uses ice blocks to carve the wings of a dragon. The volume, V (in
cubic centimeters), of a block of ice can be modeled by the V(t) = t3 + 8t2 – 83t,
where t represents the thickness of the block of ice in centimeters. How thick is the
block of ice with a volume of 630 cm3?
Procedure:
Great job! Now you are ready for more similar problems. Let us polish more
your skills in solving problems involving polynomial functions through factoring.
18
What’s More
Activity 1: Let’s Work on Second Degrees!
Direction: Answer the following questions through factoring each given polynomial
functions. (3 points each)
1. Careena likes throwing rocks at the ocean. When she throws the rock upward
from 160 ft above the ocean, h(t) = - 16t2 + 48t + 160 models the height, h, of
the rock above the ocean as a function of time, t, in seconds. How long will it
take the rock to reach the ocean (h = 0)?
2. An object moves along the horizontal in a straight line according to the function
d = 4t – 2t2, where d is the distance (in meters) and t is the time in seconds.
How long will it take the object to travel 70 meters?
5. Suppose that the safe stopping distance (in feet) of a car is given by
, where s represents the speed of the car in kilometers per
hour. Determine the safe speed of the car if it is expected to stop in 40 feet?
Direction: Answer the following questions through factoring each given polynomial
functions. (3 points each)
2. In colder climates, the cost, C (in dollars), of natural gas to heat homes can
vary from one day to the next. This can be represented by the function C(d) =
2d3 – 3d2 – 32d – 3, where d is the number of days that natural gas was used
to heat homes. How many days the natural gas was used to heat a certain
home which cost them 10 dollars?
3. A box is to be mailed. The volume (in cubic inches) of the box can be
expressed as the product of its three dimensions which can be represented by
19
the function V(w) = w3 – w2 – 33w – 5, where w is the measure of its width in
inches. What is the width of the box if the volume of the box is 58 in3?
5. It has been a while since Christine started working as a part time babysitter
and saved her earnings at the bank. The polynomial function E(y) = 100y 3 +
400y2 – 1100y represents her savings, with interest, where y is the number of
years her savings stayed at the bank. How many years does it need for her
savings to reach 3000 dollars with interest?
Good job! You have answered all the questions above. Now, since you are
ready, let’s move on to the next section.
In some parts of the world that experiences cold weather, the cost, C (in
dollar), of natural gas to heat homes can vary from one day to the next. This can be
modeled by the function C(d) = 2d3 + d2 – 27d – 1, where d is the number of days
that natural gas was used to heat homes.
10 – 12. How many days the natural gas was used to heat a certain home which
cost them 35 dollars?
13 – 15. Based on your answer on the first question, what answers are to be
rejected? Why do you have to reject it?
What I Can Do
Directions: Read and analyze the situation below. Then, answer the following
questions.
21
Assessment
Let us find out how much you have learned on this lesson. Answer all items.
Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
Lolita created a machine that helped a lot of people in a certain province. Due to
her invention, the businesses that uses her invention started to boom due to the low cost
of operation and maintenance using the machine. The polynomial function P(x) = 12x3 -
85x2 – 86x – 1 represents the profit (in thousands of pesos) of a certain company that
uses the machine for production where x is the number of products produced using the
machine in thousands. How many products are produced when the company profited 15
thousand pesos?
22
7. The polynomial function represents ____________.
8. If the company earns a revenue of 100, 000 pesos on a certain day, how
many closed deals were made?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
A sculptor uses ice blocks to carve his masterpiece. The volume, V (in cubic
centimeters), of a block of ice can be modeled by the V(t) = 4t3 - 15t2 – 81t - 5, where
t represents the thickness of the block of ice in centimeters. How thick is the block of
ice with a volume of 65 cm3?
23
Additional Activities
Activity 3: Missing You!
Directions: Fill up the missing parts of the solution to the problem. Copy and answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
Alice was told that the volume of a rectangular block is modeled by the
function V(x) = 14x3 - 57x2 – 419x - 3, where x is the length in meters of a
rectangular block. How long is a rectangular block if it has a volume of 165 m3?
Procedure:
1. _____________
Step 1 First let us rewrite the given.
2. _____________
Then we identify what is
Step 2 3. _____________
asked on the problem.
5. We replace V(x) with ___
Step 3 4. _______________ since it is given that V(x) =
___.
6. We add ___ to both sides
Step 4 0 = 14x3 - 57x2 – 419x - 168 so that the other side is
equal to zero.
We now then solve the
equation using factoring. You
7 – 9.
Step 5 could also use synthetic
0 = (_____) (______) (______)
division on solving for the
value of x.
10. We equate each factor by
______ = 0 zero by zero – product
Step 6
______ = 0 property and to solve for the
______ = 0 value of x.
11 – 13.
By solving each linear
equation, we got x = ______,
x = ____ and x = ____, but
Step 7 x= ,x= ,x=8
we are going to reject ___
and ____ since there is no
negative measurement for
length. Thus, we got x = ___.
24
Activity 4: Ref! Substitute! Me Again!
Directions: Answer the following question through evaluating each given polynomial
function. (3 points each)
1. The weight, w (in kilograms), of a wild boar can be modeled by w = 3x2 – 21x –
9 where x is the length of the wild boar in decimeters. What is the length of the
wild boar which weighs 45 kilograms?
2. An object moves along the horizontal in a straight line according to the function
d = 2t2 – 5t, where d is the distance (in meters) and t is the time in seconds.
How long will it take the object to travel 42 meters?
4. A drugstore that sells a certain brand of Vitamin C tablets predicts that their
profit, P (in millions of pesos), can be modeled by the polynomial function P(a)
= a3 + 2a2 – 5a - 1, where a is the amount spent on advertising (in thousands
of pesos). How much did they spent on advertising if they profited 5 million
pesos?
5. In 2010, the population P of a certain municipality is modeled by the function
P(t) = 100t3 + 200t2 - 4300t where t is the number of years after 2010. On
what year will the population of the municipality have reached 14, 000
citizens?
25
Lesson
Modeling Polynomials
3 (Day 3 and 4)
What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about the topic on this lesson.
Answer all items. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
For Items number 1 – 5, Refer to the problem below.
A steel company was hired to build a rectangular container for shipping. The
client wants the height of the pool to be 1 meter more than twice the width and the
length is 3 meters less than five times the width. The client also specified that the
container must have a capacity of 252 cubic meters.
26
For Items number 6 – 10, Refer to the problem below.
A rectangular box has a width of w feet. The height is 5 feet less than the width.
The length is 1 foot more than twice the width. If the volume of the box is 24 times
the measure of the length. What are the dimensions of the box?
27
What’s In
Factor each polynomials function then solve for its value.
1. f(x) = 3x2 – 4x + 7
2. H(s) = 2s3 + 13s2 + 26s + 15.
3. V(x) = x3 + 5x2 – 4x - 20.
Were you able to apply all the necessary concepts in factoring polynomial
function? The next activity will let you see another way of solving problems
involving polynomial functions.
What’s New
Let’s Explore
Questions/ Tasks:
1. Based on the problem, create an expression that will represents the new
wood block dimensions.
28
Were you surprised that polynomial functions can be applied in real – life
problems and have practical uses? What do you need to solve these problems?
Enjoy learning as you proceed to the next section.
3. A big balikbayan box has a volume of 264 cubic feet. Its length is two
feet longer than the width, and the height is three feet longer than twice
the width.
a. Construct a mathematical equation that models the given from the
problem.
b. What are the dimensions of the box?
What Is It
The previous lesson tells us how to solve problems involving polynomial
functions specifically on finding the maximum area given the perimeter. We first
constructed a mathematical model then solve it to determine the length and the
width. Now, we will solve similar problems, but the difference is the problems now
are all 3-dimensional objects which tells us that aside from the length and width, we
now got the height. Here, we are going discuss and solve problems together step by
step using the lessons you have discussed in the previous days. The problems
presented below are things that we could relate to real-life situations
29
Example 1:
Mitzi is planning to make an ice sculpture for her parents. She has a
rectangular block of ice, with a dimension 3ft x 4ft x 5ft, that she wants to reduce in
size by shaving off the same amount from the length, width, and height. She wants
to reduce the volume of the ice block into 24 cubic feet. What are the dimensions of
the new ice block?
Procedure:
Answer: The dimensions of the new ice block is 2ft by 3ft by 5 ft.
Example 4:
A rectangular box has a width of w centimeters. The height is 2 centimeters
less than the width. The length is 4 centimeters more than twice the width. If the
volume of the box is 8 times the measure of the length. What are the dimensions of
the box?
Procedure:
width = w
height = w – 2
Step 1 First let us rewrite the given.
length = 2w + 4
volume = 8 (2w + 4)
What are dimensions of the
Step 2 Identify what is asked on the problem.
prism
We are now creating our mathematical
model by multiplying all the
measurements of the dimensions. You
might be asking why we multiplied the
new dimensions, remember that we
dealing with the volume of a
Step 3 (w) (w - 2)(2w + 4) = 8 (2w + 4)
rectangular prism which is
Volume = length x width x height.
Also, we equate it with 8 (2w + 4)
since it is stated that the volume of the
rectangular box is 8 times the
measure of the length.
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We first simplify 8 (2w + 4) by
Step 4 (w) (w - 2) (2w + 4) = 16w + 32
distributive property of multiplication.
Then we simply the polynomial, we
first multiplying w by (w - 2) which
Step 5 (w2 – 2w) (2w + 4) = 16w + 32 resulted in w2 – 2w. You could also
multiply the other terms first since
multiplication is commutative.
Next is we multiply (w2 – 2w) by (2w +
Step 6 2w3 - 8w = 16w + 32
4) which is equal to 2w3 - 8w.
Let us add – 16w - 32 to both sides so
Step 7 2w3 – 24w - 32 = 0 that the other side will be equal to
zero.
We multiply ½ to both sides so that
the leading term have a coefficient of
Step 8 w3 – 12w - 16 = 0
1 and to make it easier on factoring
the polynomial later.
By factoring the polynomial, we got
the following. You could also use
Step 9 (w + 2) (w + 2) (w – 4) = 0
synthetic division in finding the factor
of the polynomial.
(w + 2) = 0,
We set each factor equal to zero by
Step 10 (w + 2) = 0,
zero product property
(w – 4) = 0
By solving for w, we get these
numbers, but we are talking about
measurement thus we reject w = - 2
Step 11 w = - 2, -2, 4
since there is no negative
measurement. Hence, our answer is w
=4
width = 4 cm By substituting w = 4 on width = w,
Step 12 height = 2 cm height = w – 2, and length = 2w + 4,
length = 12 cm we got the dimension of the box.
Great job! Now you are ready for more similar problems. Let us polish more
your skills in solving problems involving polynomial functions by making models.
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What’s More
Activity 1: RACk my Head! (Read, Analyze, and Create)
Direction: Read and analyze each problem then create a mathematical model for
that satisfy the condition on each problem. (3 points each)
4. Find the length of the edge of a cube if its length is increased by 6 cm, its
width is increased by 12 cm and its height is decreased by 4 cm results in
double its volume.
Good job! You have answered all the questions above. Now, since you are ready,
let’s move on to the next section.
4. To evaluate a polynomial function, I would just simply ______ the given value
to its corresponding variables then solve.
5. To get the volume of a rectangular prism, I must multiply its _____, _____,
and ______.
6. After knowing what is asked, I must create a __________ before I can start
solving the problem.
7. To make it easier on factoring polynomials, it is advised to _______ the
polynomials into its standard form.
8. After factoring the arranged polynomial, I must equate each variable factor
equal to _____.
9. After equating all factor to zero, it is the time to ______ each linear/ quadratic
equation.
10. I must _____ the negative values since there is no negative measurement.
11. If I get multiple values of x, I will only consider ______ and ______ values.
12. After getting the exact value, my answer should be in ______ sentence.
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For Items 13 – 15, refer to the problem below. (3 points).
What I Can Do
Directions: Read and analyze the situation below. Then, answer the following
questions.
a. Create a mathematical model that satisfy the conditions given on the problem
above. (Hint: , where a = edge of the base of the pyramid and h = height of
the pyramid)
c. Suppose you increase all the dimensions by 1 foot each. How big is capacity
of the new pyramid? Compared to the original pyramid, which is bigger? By
How much?
35
Assessment
Let us find out how much you’ve learned about the topic on this lesson.
Answer all items. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each question. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
A factory needs a box with a capacity of 1728 cubic inches. The length of the
box should be 6 inches greater than the height and the width should be 4 inches less
than the height. What are the dimensions of the box?
A candy factory needs a box with a volume of 420 cubic inches. The height
should be 2 inches less than the width and the length is 5 inches greater than the
width. What are the dimensions of the box?
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For Items number 11 – 15, refer to the problem below.
In 1980, archaeologists at the ruins of Caesara discovered a huge hydraulic
concrete block with a volume of 1638 cubic feet. The block’s dimension is x feet
wide, 3x + 5 long, and 2x – 5 high. Find the dimensions of the block.
Additional Activities
Activity 3: Put It in The Parts!
Directions: Fill up the missing parts of the solution to the problem. Copy and answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
A candy factory needs a box with a volume of 308 cubic inches. The height
should be 5 inches less than the thrice the width and the length is 3 inches greater
than the twice the width. What are the dimensions of the box?
Procedure:
1. _____________
2. _____________
Step 1 First let us rewrite the given.
3. _____________
4. _____________
What are the dimensions of the
Step 2 Identify what is asked on the problem.
box?
We are now creating our mathematical
Step 3 5. _______________
model by multiplying all the
37
measurements of the dimensions. You
might be asking why we multiplied the
new dimensions, remember that we
dealing with the volume of a
rectangular prism which is
Volume = length x width x height.
Let us simply the polynomial, we first
Step 4 6. (________) (2w + 3) = 308 multiplying w by (3w - 5) which
resulted in _______.
We multiply 3w2 – 5w by 2w + 3 which
Step 5 6w3 – w2 – 15w = 308
resulted in 6w3 – w2 – 15w.
8. Let us add _____ to both sides so
Step 6 7. _____________ that the other side will be equal to
zero.
By factoring the polynomial, we got
the following. You could also use
Step 7 9. (______) (_________) = 0
synthetic division in finding the factor
of the polynomial.
10. ______ = 0 We set each factor equal to zero by
Step 8
11. ______ = 0 zero product property
By solving for w, we get these
12. w = ____
numbers. We will reject the other 2
Step 9
answers since they are imaginary
13. w = ± ________
numbers.
By substituting w = 4 on width = w,
Step 10 14. __________ height = 3w – 5, and length = 2w + 3,
we got the dimension of the box.
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5. A big balikbayan box has a volume of 520 cubic feet. Its length is two feet
longer than thrice the width, and the height is three feet shorter than twice the
width.
Summary
• On solving word problems involving polynomials, we must consider first
these steps. These are not just applicable in solving word problems
involving polynomials but also to any word problems.
39
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. A sofa set dealer determines that its profit, P, in thousands of pesos, can be
modeled by the function P(x) = 0.0012x3 + 2x – 25, where x represents the number
of sofa set sold. What is the profit when x = 20?
A. Php 24, 600 B. Php 25, 300
C. Php 26, 700 D. Php 27, 900
2. In this school year, 100 high school students participated in one-week Human vs
Zombie game. The number of zombies, Z, after d days of playing can be modeled
by the function Z(d) = 5d3 – 3d2 + 15. How many days did it take for the number of
zombies to reach 43?
A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D. 4
3. Edd is going to throw a rock from the top of a trail overlooking the ocean. When he
throws the rock upward from 160 ft above the ocean, the function
h(t) = -16t2 + 48t + 160 models the height, h, of the rock above the ocean as a
function of time, t. Find the height of the rock at t = 2 seconds.
A. 148 ft B. 164 ft C. 180 ft D. 192 ft
4. The estimated number of electric motorcycles, V (in thousands), in the Philippines
can be modeled by the polynomial function:
V(y) = 0.15128y3 – 3.28234y2 + 23.7565y – 2.041 where y represents the number
of years after the year 2005. Find the estimated number of electric motorcycles at
the end of the year 2008. Round up to the nearest thousands.
A. 42, 000 B. 43, 000
C. 44, 000 D. 45, 000
5. The weight, w (in kilograms), of a certain crab can be modeled by w = 0.00304x3,
where x is the length of the arm span of the crab in inches. What is the weight of a
crab with an arm span of 12 inch?
A. 5.00 kg B. 5.25 kg C. 5.50 kg D. 5.75 kg
6. The profit, P (in millions of pesos), for a flash drive manufacturer can be modeled
by P = n3 + 2n2 - 23n where n (in millions) is the number of flash drive produced.
How many flash drives was produced if the profit reached 60 million pesos?
A. 3, 000, 000 B. 4, 000, 000
C. 5, 000, 000 D. 6, 000, 000
7. The volume, V (in cubic feet), of a rectangular wood block is modeled by the
polynomial function V(w) = 12w3 – 38w2 – 104w where w is the width (in feet) of the
wood block. What is the width of the wood block if its volume is 30 cubic feet?
A. 4 feet B. 5 feet C. 6 feet D. 7 feet
8. During a 10-year period, the amount (in millions of pesos) of school supplies (S)
sold can be modeled by S(t) = - 10t3 + 25t2 – 140t + 332, where t is in years. Find
the amount of school supplies sold in 3 years.
A. Php 794, 000, 000 B. Php 796, 000, 000
C. Php 795, 000, 000 D. Php 797, 000, 000
40
For Item number 9 – 11, refer to the problem below.
On a glass factory, paperweights are created by pouring molten glass into molds.
Each mold is a rectangular prism with a height 5 cm greater than the length of each side
of its square base. Each mold holds 1008 cubic centimeters of glass.
9. If x represents the length of each side of the square base, which of the following
mathematical model satisfy the condition of the above problem?
A. (x + 5) (x) = 1008 B. (x + 5) (x) (x) = 1008
C. (x + 5) (x + 5) (x) = 1008 D. 1008 (x + 5) = (x) (x)
10. What is the height of the glass mold?
A. 5 cm B. 7 cm C. 12 cm D. 16 cm
11. What are the dimensions of the glass molds? (Follow V = LWH)
A. 7 cm by 5 cm by 12 cm B. 7 cm by 12 cm by 12 cm
C. 7 cm by 7 cm by 12 cm D. 7 cm by 8 cm by 8 cm
A construction company was hired to build a swimming pool for an attraction and
high lights in a wedding venue. The client wants the width of the pool to be 2 meters less
than the depth and the length is 10 meters more than the depth. The client also specified
that the pool must have a water capacity of 595 cubic meters.
12. If d represents the measurement of the depth, which of the following mathematical
model satisfy the condition of the above problem?
A. (d - 2) (d + 2) (d) + 10 = 595 B. (d - 2) (d - 10) (d) = 595
C. (d - 10) (d + 2) (d) = 595 D. (d - 2) (d + 10) (d) = 595
13. How deep is the pool?
A. 1 meters B. 3 meters C. 5 meters D. 7 meters
14. How long is the pool?
A. 15 meters B. 17 meters C. 19 meters D. 21 meters
15. What are the dimensions of the swimming pool? (Follow V = LWH)
A. 17 m by 5 m by 7 m B. 12 m by 2 m by 7 m
C. 12 m by 5 m by 7 m D. 17 m by 8 m by 5 m
41
Key to Answers
42
Lesson 1 Additional Act. 3 Lesson 2 Let’s Try this
1 – 2. x = 2, V(x) = 5x6 – 2x5 + 7x4 1 a. What is the length of the fish
– 10x3 + 14x2 – 8x + 8 which weighs 20 pounds?
3. Find the volume of a certain b. 5 decimeters
block with a length of 2 meters. 2 a. Determine the safe speed of the
4. V (2) = 5(2)6 – 2(2)5 + 7(2)4 – car if it is expected to stop in 5o
10(2)3 + 14(2)2 – 8(2) + 8 meters.
5. Substitute x with 2 b. 7 miles per hour
6. V (2) = 5(64) – 2(32) + 7(16) – 3 a. How long was the daily news
10(8) + 14(4) – 8(2) + 8 operating if it is expected value is
7. V (2) = 320 - 64 + 112 – 80 + 120 million?
56 – 16 + 8 b. 7 years
8. V (2) = 336 4. a. how many products were sold
9 – 10. The volume of the block is if the company earns 1500.
336 m3 when its length is 2 b. 10 products
meters.
43
Lesson 2 What Can I Do Lesson 3 What In
a. the number of weeks needed for 1. f(x) = (3x – 7)(x + 1);
the succulents to propagate up to x = 7/3, x = -1
120 seedlings. 2. H(s)=(x +1)(x + 3)(2x + 5);
b. 4 weeks x = -1, -3, -5/2
3. V(x)=(x + 5)(x + 2)(x - 2);
x = -5, 2, -2
Lesson 2 Assessment
1 A 6 D 11 D
Lesson 3 What’s New
2 C 7 C 12 B
1. a. 3 – x, b. 4 – x, c. 5 – x
3 B 8 A 13 D
2. (3 – x) (4 – x) (5 – x) = 24
4 C 9 A 14 A 3. w = 2, l = 3, h = 4
5 A 10 C 15 B
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Lesson 3 What I Have Learned Lesson 3 Additional Act. 4
1. Read 1. (2h + 7) (h – 40) (h) = 0
2. Write 2. V = (l – 10) (l – 10) (l)
3. What is asked 3. (2x – 15) (5x – 21) (x) = 1935
4. Substitute 4. (2w + 5) (w) (w – 1) = 65
5. Length, width, height 5. (3w + 2) (w) (2w + 3) = 520
6. Mathematical model
7. Arrange
8. Zero
9. Solve Assessment (Pre)
10. Reject 1 B 6 A 11 B
11. Positive, real 2 B 7 A 12 C
12. Complete 3 D 8 C 13 C
13 – 15. 7 in by 4 in by 4 in 4 A 9 B 14 B
5 B 10 D 15 D
Lesson 3 Assessment
1 C 6 A 11 B
2 C 7 C 12 B
3 D 8 A 13 C
4 D 9 A 14 D
5 C 10 D 15 B
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References
Callanta, Melvin M., [et.al.]. Mathematics - Grade 10 Learner’s Module. Manila City:
Rex Book Store, Inc., 2015.
Oronce, Orlando A., and Marilyn O. Mendoza. E-math: Worktext in Mathematics 10. Manila
City: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2015.
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