MOCK TEST BIOCHEMISTRY, 12/4/2016 DO IT AT HOME

Student name: _________________________________________

1. If glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate and then pyruvate to lactic acid this is an example of:
a. anaerobic metabolism.
b. anabolic metabolism.
c. a net reductive process.
d. oxidative phosphorylation

2. Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, enters the citric acid cycle after it has been converted to
a. acetaldehyde b. lactic acid c.acetic acid d. acetyl-CoA e. none of the above.

3. The name of the process in which free glucose is converted to glycogen is

a. gluconeogenesis
b. glycgenesis
c. glycogenolysis
d. glycolysis

4. In eukaryotic cells, the enzymes for the Krebs cycle are located in the __________, and those for
the electron transport system are located in the __________.
a. cytoplasm, cell wall
b. mitochondrial matrix, inner mitochondrial membrane
c. inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix
d. plasma membrane, cytoplasm

5..During glycolysis, electrons removed from glucose are passed to

A.FAD
B. NAD+
C. acetyl CoA
D.pyruvic acid
6.Lactic acid is produced by human muscles during strenuous exercise because of lack of
A.oxygen
B. NAD+
C. glucose
D.ADP and Pi

7. Which of the following is correct sequence of processes in the oxidation of glucose?

A.Krebs cycle - glycolysis - electron transport
B. Glycolysis - Krebs cycle - eletron transport
C. Electron transport - Krebs cycle - glycolysis
D.Krebs cycle - electron transport - glycolysis

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8.The complete oxidation of glucose yields usable energy in the form of
A.FADH2
B. coenzyme A
C. ATP
D.pyruvic acid

9.The cells dependent solely on glucose as an energy source are

A.muscle cells
B. brain cells
C. kidney cells
D.liver cells

10.During vigorous exercise, pyruvate produced by glycolysis is converted to

A.acetate
B. lactate
C. monosodium phosphate
D.pyruvic acid

11.Hydrolysis of lactose yields

A.galactose and fructose
B. galactose and glucose
C. glucose and fructose
D.fructose and galactose

12.Insulin
A.stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
B. stimulates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis
C. inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
D.inhibits gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis

13.Patients suffering from Von Gierke's disease are unable to perform gluconeogeneis because
they have a defective
.
A.lactate dehydrogenase
B. glucose 6 phosphatase
C. pyruvate carboxylase
D.none of these

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14.During catabolism, only about 40% of the energy available from oxidizing glucose is used to
synthesize ATP. Remaining 60%
A.is lost as heat
B. is used to reduce NADP
C. remains in the products of metabolism
D.is stored as fat.

15.The released energy obtained by oxidation of glucose is stored as

A.a concentration gradient across a membrane
B. ADP
C. ATP
D.NAD+

. 16. .Beta pleated sheets are examples of protein's

A.primary structure
B. secondary structure
C. tertiary structure
D.quaternary structure
17. The figure below depicts an overview of glucose metabolism. Label the reactions indicated.

(from letters A to D )

Fermentation
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
electron transport system
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18.The tissues with the highest total glycogen content are
(A) Muscle and kidneys
(B) Kidneys and liver
(C) Liver and muscle
(D) Brain and Live

19. The normal resting state of humans, most of the blood glucose burnt as “fuel” is consumed by
(A) Liver (B) Brain (C) Kidneys (D) Adipose tissue

20. After releasing O2 at the tissues, hemoglobin transports

(A) CO2 and protons to the lungs
(B) O2 to the lungs
(C) CO2 and protons to the tissue
(D) Nutrients

21 2, 3-Biphosphoglycerate in high concentrations, combines with hemoglobin, causes

(A) Displacement of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left
(B) Displacement of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right
(C) No change in oxy hemoglobin dissociation curve
(D) Increased affinity for oxygen

22. The oxygen dissociation curve for hemoglobin is shifted to the right by
(A) Decreased O2 tension
(B) Decreased CO2 tension
(C) Increased CO2 tension
(D) Increased pH

23. Bohr effect is

(A) Shifting of oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right
(B) Shifting of oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left
(C) Ability of hemoglobin to combine with O2
(D) Exchange of chloride with carbonate

24.In enzyme kinetics Vmax reflects

(A) The amount of an active enzyme
(B) Substrate concentration
(C) Half the substrate concentration
(D) Enzyme substrate complex

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25. In enzyme kinetics Km implies
(A) The substrate concentration that gives one half Vmax
(B) The dissocation constant for the enzyme substrate comples
(C) Concentration of enzyme
(D) Half of the substrate concentration required to achieve Vmax

26. At low blood glucose concentration, brain but not liver will take up glucose. It is due to the
(A) Low Km of hexokinase
(B) Low Km of glucokinase
(C) Specificity of glucokinase
(D) Blood brain barrier

27. In the normal resting state of humans, most of the blood glucose burned as fuel is consumed by
(A) Liver (B) Adipose tissue (C) Muscle (D) Brain

28. Sketch the main metabolic pathways/products in liver in a fed (after consumption of food) state

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29.

Give the answer and explain

30. The absorption of glucose in the digestive tract

(A) Occurs in the small intestine (B) Is stimulated by the hormone Glucagon (C) Occurs more
rapidly than the absorption of any other sugar (D) Is impaired in cases of diabetes mellitus

31. Compared to the resting state, vigorously contracting muscle shows

(A) An increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate
(B) Decreased oxidation of pyruvate of CO2 and water
(C) A decreased NADH/NAD+ ratio
(D) Decreased concentration of AMP

32. The glycolysis is regulated by

(A) Hexokinase (B) Phosphofructokinase (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) All of these

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33. Your patient has been walking and begins to sprint. All of the following changes would occur
EXCEPT
A. ATP hydrolysis by muscle and ATP synthesis by ATP synthase would increase
B. ADP concentrations would increase and glycolysis would be activated
C. Pyruvate oxidation by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex would increase
D. Acetyl CoA oxidation by the TCA cycle would decrease
E. Concentrations of NADH, pyruvate, and lactate in the cytosol would increase

34. What would be the metabolic consequences of cells not expressing LDL receptors?

35. How is biosynthesis of cholesterol regulated by the amount of cholesterol in diet?

36. The major source of cholesterol in arterial smooth muscle cells is from
(A) IDL (B) LDL (C) HDL (D) Chylomicrons

37. Chylomicron remnants are catabolized in

(A) Intestine (B) Adipose tissue (C) Liver (D) Liver and intestine

38. HDL is synthesized in

(A) Adipose tissue (B) Liver (C) Intestine (D) Liver and intestine

39. Cholesterol circulates in blood stream chiefly as

(A) Free cholesterol
(B) Ester cholesterol
(C) Low density lipoproteins
(D) Low density lipoproteins and high density Lipoproteins

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40. Which statement below best describes the metabolic route of LDL ?
A. VLDL are acted on by lipoprotein lipase to form HDL which is converted to LDL.
B. VLDL are acted on by lipoprotein lipase to form IDL which is converted to LDL
C. It is made in the liver from chylomicron remnants
D. It is made in plasma from HDL.
E. Chylomicrons are acted on by lipoprotein lipase to form remnants which are converted to
IDL and then LDL in plasma.

41.Treatment of hypercholesterolemia requires knowledge of the control of HMG-CoA reductase

activity and LDL receptor (LDLR) levels. Which of the following statements is correct concerning
HMG-CoA reductase and the LDLR?
A. Their synthesis in the liver is increased after a meal containing cholesterol and cholesterol
esters

B. They both contain CoA

C. When the LDLR is up-regulated, HMG-CoA reductase is switched on.

D. HMG-CoA reductase is activated when the LDLR is down-regulated and the cell requires
cholesterol

E. Both HMG-CoA reductase and the LDLR are synthesized in response to high levels of
intracellular cholesterol