A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 9

JANUARY 15, 2019

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. Identify metal, non-metal and noble gases and the valence electrons of an atom;
b. Illustrate how an ionic bond is formed; and
c. Explain and classify the formation of ionic and covalent bond.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: CHEMICAL BONDING

References: LEARNER’S MODULE (SCIENCE 9)
Materials: Visual Aid, power point presentation, task card
Values: Appreciation

III. PROCEDURE

A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

a. Prayer
“Let us pray first, anyone who wants to lead the (One student will lead the prayer)
prayer?”
b. Preparation
“Good morning class!”
Good morning SIR!
“Please arrange your chairs according to your
row.”
“You may now take your seat.” Students arrange their chairs.

“Miss Secretary may I know who are the absent

for today?” Thank you Sir!

(The Secretary will stand and tell the

absentee)

B. DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

 a. Motivation
“Okay, are you all ready for our lesson?” Yes, Sir!
It is interesting to look back at the
lesson you have learned about matter (students will raise their hands)
when you were in grade 7 & 8. Do you
still remember them? Yes, Sir!

“Get your periodic table. What do you notice about

the electronic configuration of the noble gases?”
“Your right!”
“So I want You now to enumerate noble gases
having eight electrons at the outermost energy
level.”
(Pick 3 students to answer) (students will raise their hands and
“Thank you class all of your answers are correct. answer)
Except for helium, all of them have eight electrons
at the outermost energy level. The sharing or the
complete transfer of electrons causes an atom to
have the same electronic configuration as that of
the nearest noble or inert gases. The sharing or the
complete transfer indicates that the atom has
attained stability. Either the sharing or the complete
transfer of electrons leads to the formation of
compounds.”

b. LESSON PROPER
“Today our topic is all about the Chemical
bonding.”
“Chemical bonding is a force that holds groups of
two or more atoms together and make them
function as a unit.
“Atom is a smallest unit of an element”
“Molecules is a Group of covalently bonded
atoms.”
“The teacher states the lesson objectives”
“going through it will make you understand what is
happening in the atoms during the formation of
compounds. Look at the periodic table. Did you (students listen to the lesson objectives)
notice the vertical arrangement of the elements?”
“This is called family or group.”
Notice the number in each group? Do you know Yes, Sir!
what information it gives you?
It tells you the number of electrons. Do you still
remember the meaning of valence electron? (students will raise their hands and
This is the information you need to know in order answer)
for you to determine whether atoms transfer, accept
or share electrons to become stable.
Why do we need to talk about the transfer or the
sharing of electrons? You will discover the answer
to this question as the discussion continue.
There are concepts you need to know in order to
fully understand why atoms form compounds. Let Sir! Valence electron give you the
us start with the basic information, the number of number of electron at the outermost
valence electron, octet rule, electro negativity. energy level of the atom.
Let’s do the activity number 1, for you to know the
location of the metals, non-metal and noble gases in
the periodic table of elements.
(Divide the class into 4 groups)
(Let the students do the activity. Materials are
provided by the teacher) IN 10 MINUTES
The teacher will read the procedure.
(Pick 1 students in each to answer the four guide
question GQ1 for G1, GQ2 for G2, GQ3 For G3
and GQ4 for G4)
1. Where can you find metals, non-metals and
noble gases in the periodic tables of
elements.
2. Which number will give you an idea on the
number of valence electron.
3. What do you notice in the number of
valence electron of metals, non-metals, and
noble gases?
4. What kind of element has:
a. Less than 4 valence electrons?
b. More than 4 valence electron?
c. Low electronegativity?
d. High electronegativity?
e. Low ionization energy?
f. High ionization energy? Selected students of the group will
answer the following guide question for
The valence electrons are the electron directly each group given by the teacher.
involve in forming bond to form compounds. It is
important that you know the number of valence
electron so that you can illustrate how bonds are
formed.
It is good that you have found out that metals have
low electronegativity and non- metals have high
electronegativity because this property plays an
important role in forming compounds.
“Do you know what electronegativity means
class?”
Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an
atom to attract electrons, the higher its value, the
higher its tendency to attract electrons.
“How about ionization energy?”
Did you know that ionization energy is the energy
needed to pull or remove one or more electron/s
from a neutral atom?
The lower the ionization energy the easier to
remove its valence electron.
You can also show the number of valence electrons
through the Lewis Symbol.
This Lewis Symbol is composed of the chemical
symbol of the element and dots that represent the
number of valence electrons.
You have just learned the relationship among the
number of valence electrons, electronegativity, and
ionization energy.
Do you know why atoms are form compounds?
Have you heard about the octet rule? Atoms
always strive to attain the most stable arrangement
of electrons. Atoms are stable if their electrons
have the same kind of arrangement as that of the
noble gases, where the s and p orbitals are filled
with electrons except for helium where only the s
orbitals are filled up. All the noble gases except for
helium have eight valence electrons. The Octet rule
tells you that element gain or lose or share electrons
to achieve the electronic configuration with the
nearest noble gas in the periodic table.
“Example of metallic and nonmetallic element. “
“Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)”
“Select one student to write the Lewis Symbol of
the elements on the board.”
“Take note of the electronegativity value of both
elements.
“Subtract the electronegativity value of the metallic
element from the nonmetallic element.
Na EN=0.90 Cl EN=3.0
Thus:
III.1 – 0.90 =2.1
“if the Difference is greater than 1.9, complete
transfer of electron/s is possible.
Na Cl
After ionic bonding, sodium (Na) became
isoelectronic with argon (Ar), thus both sodium and
chlorine attained stability. Isoelectronic means
sodium attained the same electronic configuration
with neon (Ne) and in the case of chlorine, it
acquired the same configuration with that of argon
(Ar). Thus both of them became stable.
Try aluminum and chlorine. Will they form an
ionic bond?
Al EN = 1.5 Cl EN = 3.0
Based on the difference in the EN values of Al and
Cl, the difference is only 1.5. these two elements
cannot form an ionic bond. In this case, there is not
enough energy to facilitate the complete transfer of
electrons. Instead, another bond is formed, the
covalent bond, in which sharing of electron takes
place. This sharing helps the Al and Cl atoms attain
stability.
There are two types of covalent bond.
1. Polar covalent bond- electrons are not
equally shared because one atom attract the
shared electron more than the other atom.
- If the electronegativity difference is
less than 1.9 and more than 0.4
2. Non-polar covalent bond- electrons are
shared equally.
- if the electronegativity difference is equal
to 0.4 or less
c. Application
(Same group) You will write the Lewis Symbol of
the common metals and non-metals and show the
relationships among the number of valence
electron, electronegativity, and ionization energy.
Use the given periodic table of elements to
determine the number of valence electron refers to
the group number where it belongs in filling up the
table below.
Class do this activity in 5 minutes.
Table 1. Lewis Symbol of some elements
Element Family Lewis Electronegativit Ionization
or Symbol y value energy
group
Lithium
Fluorine
Sulfur
Calcium
Nitrogen
Aluminu
m

Then ask a student to answer the following

question. (IN 5 MINUTES)

Your answer will be at the back of your lab sheet.

1. Arrange these elements in increasing

order:”
A. Valence electron
B. Electronegativity values
C. Ionization energy.
2. What do you notice with the number of
valence electrons, electronegativity values
and ionization energies of the elements?
3. What kind of element has the greatest
tendency to attract electrons? Why?
4. What kind of element requires high energy
to remove its valence electrons? Why?

(Students will have their group activity)

(Students present their answers)

IV. GENERALIZATION

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

“I know you have learned a lot from this
day’s discussion, so anyone who can
summarize the lesson?
Call 2 students to summarize the topic.
“thank you “ (Students raise their hands)
It is now clear to you that covalent bond
result from the sharing of electrons? Unlike
ionic bonds, there is no complete transfer of
electrons in covalent bond, just sharing of
electron.
In covalent bond, a paired of shared electrons
is equal to one (1) bond, notice that after the
sharing of electrons, each of atom in the
compound attains a stable configuration and a
covalent compound is formed. Such
compound could exist as independent unit
called molecules. As a whole the molecule
does not carry a charge.
Is everything clear class?

Yes Sir!

V. EVALUATION
Please get 1/4 sheet of paper for our short quiz. Write the electronegative values and identify
what kind of chemical bond.
 “Ok Class pass your paper in front.”

Answer Key:

VI. ASSIGNMENT

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

For your assignment please research on THE
properties of metal and try to explain why
metals poses those properties.
Write it in your science notebook.

That’s all for today. See you all again next

meeting!

Class dismissed. Good Bye Class!

Good bye and Thank You Sir!

PREPARED BY: Junnel C. Maravilla

Science Teacher