Political Organizations chiefdom is characterized by a single village or proper.

For authority to be binding and stable, it must

Bands and tribes are considered as the community rules by a single family. A complex be legitimate.
chiefdom is composed of several simple chiefdoms
simplest political systems. They are often perceived
ruled by a single paramount chief residing in a single WEBER’S THREE (3) TYPES OF AUTHORITY
without a well-defined system of leadership. A band is paramount center. According to the sociologist Max Weber, there
usually small, formed by several families living is a category as to how authority is legitimated as a
together; oftentimes moving from one place to the belief system. These are traditional, charismatic, and
other to search for food. Bands are egalitarian, State and Nations legal-
meaning, all families are equal. There is no class The advent of modernity has made the
process of consolidating different individuals into one rational.
differentiation based on wealth; however, status
political community more difficult and complicated.
differences based on gender and age is well-defined.
Out of the breakdown of political organizations, what
There is no formal leadership, instead, those who emerged was the presence of groups of people that Traditional Charismatic Legal-rational
possess special skills and knowledge can be raised to shared a common history, language, traditions, (bureaucratic)
become informal leader. customs, habits, and ethnicity. These groups are
As the population of bands increases, the collectively referred to as nations. Source of Legitimized Legitimized Legitimized
On the other hand, a state is a political unit Power from from from the from formal
tendency of conflict also increases. The conflict leads
consisting of a government that has sovereignty well- charisma of rules
to “band fissioning” or band splitting. Some leave the established the promulgated
presiding over a group of people and a well-defined
band to form their own group (social velocity). The customs, individual by the state
territory and has the highest form of political
band who survives fissioning and social velocity organization. habits, and through its
eventually becomes a tribe. Political Legitimacy and Authority social fundamental
A tribe (tribu) is more complex and larger The task of organizing a political community structures and
than a band. As the population increases, there is a requires the existence of leaders. Leaders, in order to implementing
shifting from a basic form of livelihood to a multiple be effective, need to possess authority that is laws.
way of living. Tribe is organized through pantribal considered legitimate by the community.
associations in the form of councils, tribal leaders, Authority in relation to Legitimacy Leadershi Historic Dynamic Bureaucratic
elders, etc. due to the presence of multiple Authority is the right to command. Authority is p Style personality personality
communities in a tribe. Tribes are commonly headed observed when an individual has a command to make
by a village headman who perform leadership roles a person do things. Such act is a response to that Example Monarchical Religious Government
but has limited political power. Most tribes remain person’s perceived power. This person can be your rule or the leaders or officials in
egalitarian. boss, your superiors, or those who hold high positions rule of elites popular modern states
A chiefdom has a more defined political in the society. For example, public officials are elected in a icons such
organization. Chiefdoms have more or less by the people and granted with the rights to regulate chiefdom as movie
permanent, fulltime leader with real authority to make and exercise administrative functions based on the actors
major decisions. These leaders are referred to as the existing laws of the land.
“chief”. Formal leadership exists and authority rests Authority is more than power. Authority is
solely on the members of a select family. It is guaranteed by legitimacy in a formal manner. What
composed of a number of communities that is ruled by makes authority binding and worthy of obedience is its
a permanent paramount chief coming from this elite legitimacy. Legitimacy gives form to authority.
family. Power is inherited. Chiefdom can either be Legitimacy is a “value whereby something or
simple chiefdom or complex chiefdom. Simple someone is recognized and accepted as right and
 If given the chance to become the Philippine president for Department of Education
Region V
Activity 1 : WORD LOOPING 365 days, list down your top five (5) programs and projects Division of Camarines Sur
that you want to implement right after you assume office. GOA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Encircle the words related to political leadership and 1. _____________________________________________ Goa, Camarines Sur
structures. Write them also in the box below. 2. _____________________________________________
B U R E A U C R A C Y C 3. _____________________________________________
Z L O T M C R O I G U Q 4. _____________________________________________
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
C Y C A M I T I G E L W 5. _____________________________________________
D K D R M A I L N T C E SUMMARY SOCIETY, AND POLITICS
O H N E O S C E T H O R • Band is usually small, formed by several families living
I G A W R D T K I A P T together; oftentimes moving from one place to the other to
POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
search for food.
X F B Q E F R E B W A E
V D Q I F E F N B P S T • Tribe is more complex and larger than a band. Tribe is
M S U O A D B M X U D A organized through pantribal associations in the form of
H A Y A O R E A C F H T councils, tribal leaders, elders, etc. due to the presence of
S P Y M R T S F C A G S multiple communities in a tribe.
A Y T I R O H T U A H S
• Chiefdom has a more defined political organization.
Chiefdoms have more or less permanent, fulltime leader
1. 4. with real authority to make major decisions. These leaders
2. 5. are referred to as the “chief”.
3. 6.
Activity 2: PERSON IN AUTHORITY • Out of the breakdown of political organizations, what
In a community, there are people who become emerged was the presence of groups of people that shared
influential. Conduct an investigation or a research in a common history, language, traditions, customs, habits,
your own community and identify one (1) person and ethnicity. These groups are collectively referred to as
nations.
whom you think possess authority. Explain your
answer below. • A state is a political unit consisting of a government that
___________________________________________ has sovereignty presiding over a group of people and a
___________________________________________ well-defined territory and has the highest form of political
______________________________________________ organization.
Rubric for the Task • Authority is the right to command. Authority is observed
Criteri Rating when an individual has a command to make a person do
a things.
The answer relates entirely to the assigned 5 4 3 2 1
topic. • Legitimacy is a “value whereby something or someone is
The answer conveys a genuine view regarding 5 4 3 2 1 recognized and accepted as right and proper. For authority
the topic. to be binding and stable, it must be legitimate.
The work is original and does not contain 5 4 3 2 1 • Max Weber’s three types of authority includes traditional,
plagiarized content.
charismatic, and legal-rational.
What I Can Do
Activity 5: THE PRESIDENT
 Nonstate Institutions
This module talks about nonstate institutions.
These are businesses not owned and controlled by
the government. The private sector, and other
nonstate sectors perform roles that complement the
state and of markets. Some nonstate institutions are
major players in terms of the economic aspects of the
society.
Nonstate Institutions and Organizations
Bank is a place where people deposit or save their
money with corresponding interest on a given period of
time. It lends money both to the public and private
organizations. The government borrows money from the
bank to finance its projects while private organizations and
individuals borrow money to finance their business and
other personal needs. Example includes Banco de Oro,
Bank of the Philippine Islands, Metrobank, rural banks, etc.
Corporation is a company or group of people
authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such
in law. Usually, corporations operate as stock corporations
where ownership is through stockholders who own
particular shares in the company. Examples are San Miguel
Corporation and Jollibee Foods Corporation.
Cooperative or coop refers to an autonomous
association whose membership is voluntary toward the
attainment of common economic, social and cultural needs
or aspirations. A cooperative is owned by its members.
Examples are credit cooperative, consumer cooperative,
electric cooperative, housing cooperative, worker’s
cooperative, agricultural cooperative, general cooperative.
A trade union or labor union is an organization of
workers whose main objective is to protect the welfare of its
members. Its purpose is to collectively negotiate employers
for better compensation benefits, safety standards in the
workplace, just to name a few. In the Philippines, these
national federations are Trade Union Congress of the
Philippines (TUCP) and the Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU).
Transnational Advocacy Groups are involved in
social advocacy to promote principled causes, ideas and
values. Their goal is to give the powerless a voice in the
domestic and international lawmaking body. Common Activity I I KNOW
social advocacies include human rights, consumer rights, 1. Identify one (1) nonstate institution which you have
women’s rights, environmental issues, and international known and can be found near your area or community.
peace. In the Philippines, Human Rights Watch is very 2. From your answer in number 1, write an essay guided by
active in human rights and peace issues. the question below:
Development Agencies are committed/dedicated What is the significant contribution of this nonstate
to distributing aid. These agencies are present in institution in your community?
developing countries challenged by security conflict, food
shortage, climate change, financial instability and others.
Some of the prominent development agencies in the Name of the Nonstate Institution: ____________________
Philippines are the following: Contribution to the Community:
• United States Agency for International Development ________________________________________________
(USAID) ________________________________________________
• Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID)
• Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Activity 2: PARTNER FOR LIFE
Basta “Abot mo ang mundo!” “Bida ang Saya!” Of
Aid can be subdivided into two categories: course, “We find ways!” to “Taste the Feeling!” Sounds
humanitarian aid (emergency relief efforts in response to familiar? Yes, indeed. Those are called taglines or slogan
disasters and development aid (foreign aid) aimed at from different nonstate institutions that make their brand
helping countries to achieve sustainable economic growth. distinct. Many of these institutions have played a key role in
boosting the economy of our country. Many of these
Global Organizations operate in the development of entire
institutions have always proven their worth as a counterpart
countries. They are the funders and donors. They operate
of the government especially in times of crisis. The private-
by giving loans or grants to other countries to be used for
public partnership is obviously working in our country for
development. In the onslaught of covid-19, the Philippines
the better. Let’s have a break through our next activity.
was granted a loan by the World Bank to be used for
1. Watch the television, listen to the radio, and browse the
financial assistance to many of the Filipinos who are
internet. What else? Be resourceful.
affected by the pandemic. Below are the most well-known
2. Research three (3) different nonstate institutions or
organizations in the world.
organizations that can be found in the Philippines which
• World Bank (WB)
extended help during crisis.
• International Monetary Bank (IMB)
3. Look for their name, their tagline or slogan, and their
• Asian Development Bank (ADB) valuable contribution to our country.
International Organizations are organizations
Name of the Tagline or Slogan Valuable
with international membership, scope or presence. The two
Organization Contribution
(2) main types are the following:
• International Non-governmental Organizations (INGO) –
non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate
internationally, example, International Committee of the
Red Cross.
• International Governmental Organizations (IGOs) – these
are organizations that are made up primarily of member
states, example, the United Nations (UN).
Activity 3: HOW CAN I HELP? 3. It refers to an autonomous association whose membership is
As a learner, give three (3) ways on how you can help In voluntary toward the attainment of common economic, social and Department of Education
the economic development in your respective community, cultural needs or aspirations. Region V
a. bank c. NGO Division of Camarines Sur
city, province or in our country, in general. GOA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
1. ______________________________________ b. cooperative d. labor union Goa, Camarines Sur
2. ______________________________________ 4. What is the term used to an organization of workers whose
main objective is to protect the welfare of its members?
3. _____________________________________
a. labor union c. cooperative
b. NGO d. INGO
SUMMARY
5. They are the funders and donors.
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
• Bank is a place where people deposit or save their money with
corresponding interest on a given period of time. a.Government Organizations c. Global Organizations SOCIETY, AND POLITICS
b. People’s Organizations d. Religious organizations
• Corporation is a company or group of people authorized to act as a 6. World Bank, International Monetary Bank and Asian
single entity and recognized as such in law. Development Bank are examples of _____. NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS
a. Civil Society Organizations c. Economic Organizations
• Cooperative or coop refers to an autonomous association whose b.Global Organizations d. Political Institutions
membership is voluntary toward the attainment of common economic, 7. These agencies are present in developing countries challenged
social and cultural needs or aspirations.
by security conflict, food shortage, climate change, financial
• A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers whose main instability and others
objective is to protect the welfare of its members. In the Philippines, these a.financial market c. financial institution
national federations are Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP) b. economic organizations d. development agencies MARLON A. DELA CRUZ
and the Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU). 8. They exist to promote principled causes, ideas, and values to MT-II
change international policy.
• Transnational Advocacy Groups are involved in social advocacy to a.Transnational Advocacy Groups c. International Organizations
promote principled causes, ideas and values. In the Philippines, Human ROSEMARIE C. LUZADA
b. Development Agencies d. Local Organizations
Rights Watch is very active in human rights and peace issues. PRINCIPAL
9. The following banks are owned by private institutions except _ .
• Development Agencies are committed/dedicated to distributing aid. a. Banco de Oro c. Land Bank of the Philippines
Some of the prominent development agencies in the Philippines are b. Bank of the Philippine Island d. Metrobank
United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Australian 10. The following are government-owned institutions except ___
Agency for International Development (AusAID), and Japan International a.Jollibee Foods Corporation c. Philhealth Insurance Corporation
Cooperation Agency (JICA). b. Home Mutual Development Fund d. Development Bank of the
Phils.
• Global Organizations operate in the development of entire countries. 11. This is a business owned by its customers. Employees can
Some of the most well-known organizations in the world include World
Bank (WB), International Monetary Bank (IMB), and Asian Development
also become members.
Bank (ADB). a. banks c. consumer’s cooperative
b. corporations d. agricultural cooperative
• International Organizations are organizations with international 12. This where residents either own shares reflecting their equity
membership, scope or presence. The two main types are the International in the cooperative’s real estate
a. electric cooperative c. general cooperative
ASSESSMENT b. housing cooperative d. credit cooperative
Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 13. Ownership of a corporation is through stockholders who own
1. It is a financial institution that lends money both to public as particular shares in the company.
well as private organizations. a.stock corporation c. profit corporation
a. trade unions c. corporations b. nonstock corporation d. nonprofit corporation Prepared by:
b. labor union d. banks 14. A cooperative that performs a broader range of functions.
2. It refers to a broad category of nonstate organizations a. housing cooperative c. farmer’s cooperative
representing a company or group of people that engages in a b. electric cooperative d. general cooperative
lawful activity in relation to a public function, such as the provision 15. A cooperative that provides credit facility to each member.
of a good or service to the larger society. a.credit cooperative c. farmer’s cooperative
a. corporation c. cooperative b. housing cooperative d. consumer’s cooperative
b. bank d. financial organization
15.A 14.D 13.A 12.B 11.C 10.A 9.C
8. A 7.B 6.B 5.C 4.A 3.B 2.A 1.D