ESci 115b – CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS (LABORATORY)

LABORATORY REPORT

Name: Lianna Mae G. Cairo Date Submitted: January 3, 2020

Lab Schedule: Thursday, 8:00am-10:00am Date Performed: January 3, 2020

Experiment No. 1
Introduction: The Chemical Laboratory

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this experiment, I should be able to:
1. Familiarize the different laboratory equipment;
2. Determine the volume measurement through the use of pipet and graduated cylinder;
3. Find out the weight measurement through analytical and top-loading balance; and
4. Know and apply the common laboratory operations such as chemical process (precipitation, decantation, filtration,
and evaporation).

Results
1. Measuring Volume
a. Using pipet
b. Using graduated cylinder
2. Measuring Weight
a. Tare weight (wt. of container)
b. Gross weight (wt. of container w/ sand)
c. Net weight (wt. of sand)
Inference
Pipet and graduated cylinder are volumetric instruments
used to measure a desired amount of liquid that have
7.50 ml H2O was delivered different purpose. Pipet is good to use when transferring
or delivering an exact amount of liquid into a container
contained 100 ml H2O since it is usually marked with a TD which means it is
calibrated to accurately deliver specified volume of
liquid. While graduated cylinder is good in containing or
holding specified amount of liquid which is marked with
a TC or it is calibrated to contain specified volume of
liquid with no remainder because if the liquid is removed
out, it will actually transfer a little less than the specified
amount.
Two weighing instruments were used in the experiment.
The first one is the analytical balance. It measures small
2.2461 g solid samples very precisely with 4 decimal places and
can only weigh up to 200 grams. While the top-loading
4.4840 g balance is not as accurate as the analytical balance
since it measures only with 2 decimal places, but it has
2.2379 g a greater weighing capacity. In the experiment, it was
observed that unlike top-loading balance, analytical
balance is enclosed with glass case to keep away any
unwanted particles while samples are being weighed to
have an accurate measurement. The tare weight is
always weighed first and next was the weight of the
container and sample. The net weight of the sample can
now be determined by subtracting the tare weight from
the gross weight of the container and sample. Accuracy
is essential in experiments as it can affect the results if
data are inaccurate.
3. Precipitation Chemical precipitation process is the formation of a
separable solid substance from two aqueous solutions.
a. Color of ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution light brown A precipitate is the insoluble compound that forms out of
solutions. When the colorless sodium hydroxide reacted
b. Color of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution colorless with the ferric chloride solution that has a light brown
color, a reddish brown precipitate was observed in the
c. Color of precipitate reddish brown container.
4. Decantation After the precipitation process, the precipitate was
compacted and the clear liquid was separated and
a. Color of supernatant liquid colorless transferred out into another container through the
process of decantation. It is done by allowing the solid to
settle to the bottom of the mixture and pour off the
particle-free part of liquid. The clear liquid in the
experiment is called the supernatant liquid which is
colorless that lies above the solid substance or the
precipitate.
5. Filtration The filtration process is the separation of solid particles
and liquid substance from a solution by the use of filter
a. Weight of filter paper 1.2519 g medium which allows the fluid to pass through but not
the solid substances. A filtrate is the liquid substance
b. Wt. of filter and precipitate (after drying) 2.3091 g that was separated from a suspended solid matter which
has passed through a filter. In the experiment, a
c. Weight of precipitate 1.0572 g colorless filtrate was seen and the reddish brown solid
particles were remained in the filter paper.
d. Color of filtrate colorless
6. Evaporation The supernatant liquid from the decantation process and
the filtrate from the filtration process contain dissolved
a. Weight of evaporating dish 2.2461 g sodium chloride. This sodium chloride was recovered
after the evaporation process. It is a process in which
b. Wt. of evap. dish and residue (after drying) 58.4782 g the liquid substance is converted into vapor to purposely
separate the solid particle which is dissolved in it. The
c. Weight of residue 56.4782 g sodium chloride in the experiment is the residue which
has a white color and fine solid trexture.
d. Color of residue white

e. Texture of residue fine solid