MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7

Name: __________________________________________________ Date: _________________________

Teacher: Mr. Rene D. Balayo Module 1 – 1st Quarter

I. Lesson/Topic: Sets

II. Objectives:
After accomplishing this module, you must be able to:
1. describe and illustrate well-defined sets, subsets, universal, and the null set; and
2. use Venn diagram to represent sets and subsets.

III. Materials:
Notes in Mathematics

IV. Concept:
A set is well-defined group of objects, called elements that share a common characteristic.
The set F is a subset of the set A if all elements of F are also elements of A. For example, the even numbers 2,
4, and 12 all belong to the set of whole numbers. Therefore, the even numbers 2, 4, and 12 form a subset of the set of
the whole numbers. F is a proper subset of A if F does not contain all elements of A.
The universal set U is the set that contains all objects (elements) under consideration.

Notation and Symbols:

1. Uppercase letters will be used to name sets and lowercase letters will be used to refer to any element of a set.
2. Methods in naming the elements of a set: (1) Listing or Roster Method – H = {ladies hat, baseball cap, hard hat}
(2) Rule Method – H = {xIx covers and protects the head}.
3. The symbol or { } will be used to refer to an empty set.
4. If F is a subset of A, then we write F A. We also say that A contains the set F and write it as A F. If F is a proper
subset of A, then we write F A.

Venn Diagrams:
Sets and subsets may be represented using Venn Diagrams. These are diagrams that make use of geometric
shapes to show relationships between sets.
Consider the Venn diagram below. Let the universal set U be all the elements in sets A, B, C, and D.

Each shape represents a set. Note that although there are no elements shown inside each shape, we can
surmise how the sets are related to each other. Notice that set A is inside set B. This indicates that all elements in A
are contained in B. The same with set C. Set D, however, is separate from A,B, C.

V. Activity: Let’s try these!

Directions: Below are some objects. Group them as you see fit and label each group.
Answer the following questions:
1. How many groups are there?
2. Does each object belong to a group?
3. Is there an object that belongs to more than one group? Which one?
4. Use Venn diagram to represent the groups that you made. Use the space above.

VI. Evaluation
Quiz
Direction: Read, analyze, and answer the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before the number.
_____1. Which of the following describes a set?
A. It is a part under subset. C. It can be represent buy the use of a chart.
B. It is a group of numbers only. D. It is a group of objects that share a common characteristic.
_____2. What do you call the members of a set?
A. element B. null C. union D. universal
_____3. Which of the following sets written in roster form?
A. D= {xlx is an odd number} C. G ={ ala is a metric unit of length}
B. F = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, . . .} D. E = {yly is a symbol of fundamental arithmetic operation}
_____4. It is a set that has no element.
A. element B. null set C. set D. union of set
_____5. Which of the following sets is an empty set?
A. the set of months in the year C. the set of polar bears living in the Sahara desert
B. the set of cars with two doors D. the set of volleyball players of a school volleyball team

VII. Reflection/Conclusion

How are you going to apply the concepts of Sets in the quotation “Tell me who your friends are, and I will tell
you who you are.”
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