Mechanics of Machines Lab

Online Session # 5

To Draw Velocity-Time Graph for Slotted Link Mechanism

Definitions of Velocity

Definition Level of Rigor

Velocity is the ratio of displacement to time.
𝑆
𝑣= More Rigorous, Less Simplified
𝑡

This definition is also known as Uniform or

Constant Velocity.
If an object moves from S1 to S2 in time t1 to t2,
then the ratio of change in displacement to change
in time is called velocity.
𝑆2 − 𝑆1 ∆𝑆
𝑣= =
𝑡2 − 𝑡1 ∆𝑡

This definition is also known as Average Velocity.

An object moves from S1 to S2 in time t1 to t2. We
shorten the time interval t=t2-t1 so that it is near
to zero but not equal to zero. It is also called as
“time approaches zero”. Now, the ratio of change
in displacement to change in time is called
velocity.

∆𝑆
𝑣 = lim
∆𝑡→0 ∆𝑡

This definition is also known as Instantaneous

Velocity.
Derivative of displacement with respect to time is
called velocity.
𝑑𝑆
𝑣=
𝑑𝑡

This definition is also known as Instantaneous

Velocity.
Concept of Tangent and Slope

At a point of a graph, derivative is slope of tangent at that point. So, at any point on S-t graph, velocity is
the slope of tangent at that point.

A (t1, S1)

B (t2, S2)

Slope = Velocity = Rise /Run = S2-S1/t2-t1

 Angular Angular Slope or
Linear Time in Rise Run
Displacement Displacement Velocity=
Sr. # Displacement seconds S2-S1 in t2-t1 in
in degrees in radians Rise/Run
(cm) (t) centimeters seconds
(θdeg) (θrad) (cm/s)
1 0 2.5 0 2.7-2.5=0.2 0.01- 0.2/0.01
0=0.01
2 15 2.7 0.01 3.2-2.7=0.5 0.021-
0.1=0.011
3 30 3.2 0.021
4 45 3.85
5 60 4.7

ω= θrad/t
t= θrad/ ω; angular velocity is assumed to be 25 rad/s

θrad = θdeg x π/180

Apparatus Slotted Link Mechanism, Graph Paper, Calculator, Geometry Tools

Theoretical Background

Procedure

Observations and Calculations

Graph

Analysis and Conclusion