v i d e o

P r e p a r e d b y :

Chapter 2 : Force & Motion 1

Rate of change of distance Ticker tape 1 tick Distance between dot ↑ speed ↑
(0.02 s) Distance between dot ↓ speed ↓
speed & velocity (ms -1 )
Rate of change of displacement A B
d Both have constant speed; speed A > B
v =
t 2 1
If d is distance, v is speed C D
If d is displacement, v is velocity
displacement Ticker tape C accelerate Ticker tape D decelerate

Acceleration (ms -2 ) Linear motion equation s displacement u initial v v final v a acceleration t time

Rate of change of velocity Eq 1 Eq 2 Eq 3 Eq 4

v-u use when there is no s use when there is no a use when there is no v use when there is no t
a = 1
t v = u+at s = (u+v)t s = ut+ 1 at 2
v 2= u 2+ 2 a s
Slows down = deceleration 2 2

Displacement-time graph Velocity-time graph Describing gradient

zero

Gradient : acceleration
Gradient : velocity Area under the graph:
displacement @ distance decrease
increase

Free Fall Motion Inertia (Newton’s First Law of Motion). Force (N)
Object falling only due to gravity, without external force Tendency of an object to remain at rest or, if moving, to push or pull
(g = 9.81 ms-2) continue its motion in a straight line at uniform velocity.
Changes shape or motion
Upwards: (speed/direction) on an object
v = u+gt
+ve
s = ut+ 1 gt 2 Mass ↑ inertia ↑; Mass ↓ inertia ↓ F = ma
2
Downwards: v 2= u 2+ 2 g s
-ve
Principle of conservation of momentum

Momentum (kgms -1 ) Total momentum in a collision stays the same if

Upward
there is no external forces are acting on the objects Explosion :
Product of mass and velocity momentum
object at rest breaks up into two or
p = mv more parts
m 1u 1 + m 2u 2 = m 1v 1 + m 2v 2
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Impulse (Ns) Total momentum before Total momentum after − Combustion produces hot gas
change in momentum downwards, creating momentum
downwards
Ft = mv=mu m1 m2 m1 m2 − Due to principle of conservation of
v1 v2 momentum, the rocket will propel
u1 u2 upwards, generating momentum with
(Follow through action) equal magnitude in opposite direction
t ↑ impulse ↑; speed ↑ If objects are moving in opposite direction, assume Downward
motion to the right is positive and to the left is negative. momentum

Impulsive force (N)

Rate of change in momentum in a collision or Weight (N) Gravitational force acting on an object due to its mass
impact in a short period of time
(Soft surface, leg bend) m on Earth: 10 kg, g =9.81ms-2; W = 98.1 N
mv=mu t ↑ F↓
W= mg 1 0 kg
F = (Hard surface) m on Moon: 10 kg, g =1.63ms-2; W = 16.3 N
t
t ↓ F↑