SHAPING FOR TALL STRUCTURE

From the structural design point of

view, tall (high-rise) buildings,
because of their extraordinary
height, show a greater sensitivity to
LOADS……
 Load is the external forces
acting on very small area on a
perpendicular point of a supporting
structural element.
OBJECTS :
1.External wind pressure
2.Internal wind pressure
3.Combination of pressure
4.Pressure to force
WIND TUNNEL TESTING LABORATORY :

Wind Tunnel Testing Laboratory can replicate

natural wind-related phenomena, confirm the safety
of a structure against wind, and ascertain how
building construction will affect wind conditions in
the surrounding area.
 TYPES OF TESTING:

Measurement of the following:

•Wind load on large-scale structures (multi-channel simultaneous
pressure measuring system)
•Wind speed around buildings (multipoint wind speed measurements)
•Snowdrifts and snow accumulation caused by snow falling
around buildings (measurement of snow depth)
•Wind noise from exterior materials, etc. (measurement of acoustic
pressure)
•Visualization of 2-dimensional wind speed around buildings
(chronological PIV measurements)

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a whole-flow-field technique providing instantaneous

velocity vector measurements in a cross-section of a flow.
Outline of wind tunnel experimental
models:
1. Configuration of tall building models
• Basic models
• Corner modification models
• Tilted models
• Tapered models
• Helical models
• Opening models
• Composite models

2. Experimental conditions
• Aerodynamics force measurements
• Wind pressure measurements
3. Outline of numerical simulation
4. Outline of wind force measurements
5. Results of wind induced response analysis
6. Discussions on flow characteristics around buildings.
•Maximum mean over turning moment coefficients.
•Maximum fluctuating overturning moment coefficients.
•Correlations between Maximum mean & Maximum fluctuating
coefficients.
•The composite model with multiple modifications are mostly
superior to those of the models with single modifications .
Examples of tall building corner mitigations.
Verification and wind load
evaluation results