FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAS

PROGRAMA DE INGENIERÍA DE ALIMENTOS

MICROBIOLOGÍA GENERAL

ClassWork I

1. Describe some of the destructive and beneficial actions of microbes.

2. Describe and differentiate between prokaryotic, archaea and eukaryotes cells.

3. What important functions do the following play in a cell: cytoplasmic membrane,

ribosomes, cell wall?

4. What type of cells have a nucleus? Nucleoid? What is a cell’s genome and why is it
important?

5. What do the terms “growth” and “motility” mean in microbiology?

6. Name and describe the three domains of life.

7. List two ways in which microorganisms are important in the food and agricultural
industries.

8. What advantages do solid media offer for the isolation of microorganisms?

9. What is a pure culture?

10. What is meant by the term “enrichment culture”?

11. What is meant by the term “chemolithotrophy”? In what way are chemolithotrophs like
plants?

12. What color will a gram-negative cell be after Gram staining by the conventional method?

13. Describe in detail the composition and structure of the peptidoglycan, and from the cell
wall of Gram bacteria positive and Gram negative.

14. What characteristic forms can bacteria take? Describe the ways that bacterial cells can
group.

15. Draw the basic structure of a lipid bilayer and label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic
regions.

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 FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAS
PROGRAMA DE INGENIERÍA DE ALIMENTOS

16. Why do bacterial cells need cell walls? Do all bacteria have cell walls?

17. Why is peptidoglycan such a strong molecule?

18. Why does alcohol readily decolorize gram-negative but not gram-positive bacteria?

19. Could a bacterial cell dispense with a cell wall if it had a capsule? Why or why not?

20. How do fimbriae differ from pili, both structurally and functionally?

21. Differentiate between “trace elements” and “growth factors.”

22. What is meant by the word sterile? Why is aseptic technique necessary for successful
cultivation of pure cultures in the laboratory?

23. What is an amino acid family?

24. Which nitrogen bases are purines and which are pyrimidines?

25. Define the concepts of fixation, colorant, chromophore, basic stain, acid stain, simple
stain, stain differential, mordant, negative staining, and acid-alcohol resistance staining.

26. Describe the Gram stain method and how it works.

27. How can capsules be viewed, endospores and flagella?

28. Describe the following types of media and their uses: defined or synthetic, complex,
general purpose, enriched, selective and differential. Give an example of each.

29. What are pure cultures and why are they so important? How are plate cultures prepared
by seeding by extension, in stretch marks, and in depth?

30. How do DNA and RNA differ?

Por una universidad con calidad, moderna e incluyente

Carrera 6ª. No. 77-305 Montería NIT. 891080031-3 - Teléfono: 7860300 - 7860920 www.unicordoba.edu.co