CLS Aipmt-15-16 XIII Zoo Study-Package-2 Set-1 Chapter-6 PDF

Chapter 6
Body Fluids and Circulation
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. Which of the following plasma proteins help in blood clotting?
(1) Albumins (2) Globulins (3) Fibrinogens (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
There are three main blood proteins :
(a) Albumin : For maintaining osmotic balance and blood volume and pressure.
(b) Fibrinogen : Require for blood clotting
(c) Globulin : Require for defense mechanism of body
2. Fluid exuding from the clotted blood is

(1) Plasma with most of the formed elements (2) Plasma without clotting factors
(3) Serum (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
Fluid exuding from clotted blood is serum i.e., plasma without clotting factor, as all the formed element get
trap there in clot.
3. A reduction in the number of blood platelets is called

(1) Thrombocytopenia (2) Hemophilia (3) Anaemia (4) Hypertension
Sol. Answer (1)
Thrombocytopenia : A reduction in the number of platelets is called thrombocytopenia, which leads to

excessive loss of blood from the body.
Hypertension : High blood pressure.
Anaemia : Low haemoglobin, immature RBC.
Haemophilia is a hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to control blood clotting, which
is used to stop bleeding after any injury.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
80 Body Fluids and Circulation Solution of Assignment
4. Each haemoglobin molecule has

(1) One heme group (2) Two heme groups (3) Three heme groups (4) Four heme groups
Sol. Answer (4)
Haemoglobin consists of four polypeptide chain (2and 2chains) and 4 heme group.
5. In adults, erythropoiesis occurs in

(1) Liver (2) Red bone marrow (3) Spleen (4) Yellow bone marrow
Sol. Answer (2)
The formation of RBC is known as erythropoiesis and it occurs in the red bone marrow in adults.
6. Granulocytes are formed in

(1) Thymus (2) Bone marrow (3) Kidney (4) Liver
Sol. Answer (2)
Granulocytes are basically a type of leucocytes and formation of leucocyte i.e. leucopoiesis occurs in bone
marrow.
7. Immunity is provided by
(1) Erythrocytes (2) Lymphocytes (3) Megakaryocytes (4) Thrombocytes
Sol. Answer (2)
Lymphocytes are agranulocytes WBC, which exist in two forms i.e., B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocytes and
these are responsible for immune response of the body.
Erythrocytes : These are also known as RBC, which help in gaseous transportation i.e., O2 and CO2.
Thrombocytes : These are also called platelets and are formed from the megakaryocytes (large cells of bone
marrow).
8. Diapedesis is the characteristic feature of

(1) Monocytes (2) B-lymphocytes (3) T-lymphocytes (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Monocyte and neutrophil cells undergo diapedesis.
9. Which of the following are phagocytic in nature?

(1) Monocytes (2) Macrophages (3) Neutrophils (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils are phagocytic in nature because these cells can engulf the foreign
structure like bacteria.
10. ______ are cell fragments rather than true cells.

(1) Erythrocytes (2) Granulocytes (3) Thrombocytes (4) Agranulocytes
Sol. Answer (3)
Thrombocytes i.e. platelets are small, colourless, enucleated fragment of megakaryocytes.
Solution of Assignment Body Fluids and Circulation 81
11. Which of the following formed element activates the plasma clotting factors?
(1) Erythrocytes (2) Monocytes (3) Lymphocytes (4) Thrombocytes
Sol. Answer (4)
Blood platelets on disintegration produce thromboplastin (platelet factor 3), which start the chain of clotting
reactions.
12. Blood group AB has

(1) No antigen (2) No antibody
(3) Neither antigen nor antibody (4) Both antigen and antibody
Sol. Answer (2)
Person with AB blood group have both antigen A and antigen B, but do not have any antibodies.
AB blood also called universal recipient.
13. In ABO system of blood grouping, transfusion is not possible from

(1) A to AB (2) B to AB (3) O to O (4) A to O
Sol. Answer (4)
Because blood group 'O' is universal donor but can accept blood from 'O' blood group person.
14. Erythroblastosis foetalis can occur if

(1) Mother is Rh-ve and foetus is Rh+ve (2) Both mother and foetus are Rh–ve
(3) Mother is Rh+ve and foetus is Rh–ve (4) Both mother and foetus are Rh+ve
Sol. Answer (1)
Mother Father
(Rh –ve) (Rh +ve)
+ st
(Rh ) I child (Normal)
+ nd
(Rh ) II child (Erythroblastosis foetalis)
If father is Rh+ and mother is Rh–, the foetus can be Rh– or Rh+. This occurs when mother is Rh– and foetus
is Rh+. This is a serious problem. If the Rh– blood of mother has not earlier come in contact with Rh+ blood
through transfusion, her first child does not suffer. But in the subsequent Rh+ foetuses, the antibodies against
Rh antigen of the mother's blood destroy the foetal RBC. This results in erythroblastosis foetalis.
15. Blood platelets release

(1) Fibrinogens (2) Prothrombins (3) Hemoglobin (4) Thromboplastins
Sol. Answer (4)
Blood platelets on disintegration release thromboplastin (platelets factor 3) which starts the chain of blood
clotting reaction.
16. Prothrombin that helps in clotting of blood, is present in

(1) Blood plasma (2) Blood corpuscles (3) Blood platelets (4) Serum
Sol. Answer (1)
Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein, which helps in clotting of blood.
17. Prothrombin is a
(1) Protein (2) Lipid (3) Nucleotide (4) Carbohydrate
Sol. Answer (1)
Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein, which helps in clotting of blood.
18. Which of the following prevent(s) blood clotting in uninjured blood vessels?
(1) Albumins (2) Histamine (3) Heparin (4) Globulins
Sol. Answer (3)
Because heparin is an anticoagulant which prevents clotting of blood.
19. Lymph ultimately release the absorbed substances into

(1) Lymphatic capillaries (2) Blood stream (veins)
(3) Lymph node (4) Lymphatic duct
Sol. Answer (2)
Lymph transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones etc. to the body cells and bring CO2 and other metabolic
wastes from the body cells and finally pours the same into the venous system (major vein).
20. Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs in the heart of

(1) Bird (2) Crocodile (3) Rabbit (4) Frog
Sol. Answer (4)
Because frog has three-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle. In frogs, both oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood get mixed up in the single ventricle and the heart pumps out mixed blood. This is known
as incomplete double circulation.
21. Human heart is derived from

(1) Ectoderm (2) Mesoderm (3) Endoderm (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
Because the origin of all muscle except ciliary muscle, has mesodermal origin.
22. How many cardiac cycles are performed per minute in humans?
(1) 1 (2) 12 (3) 27 (4) 72
Sol. Answer (4)
Our heart beats 72 times per minute i.e., 72 cardiac cycles are performed per minute and one cardiac cycle
would occur in 0.8 second.
23. In humans, the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute is
(1) 1040 mL (2) 5 L (3) 2.5 L (4) 1290 mL
Sol. Answer (2)
During a cardiac cycle, each ventricle pumps out approximately 70 mL of blood. (stroke volume)
Cardiac output = Stroke volume × Number of beats per minute
= 70 mL × 72  5040 mL/min ~ 5 L/min
24. ‘Dub’ sound is produced by the closing of

(1) Tricuspid valve (2) Bicuspid valve (3) Mitral valve (4) Semilunar valves
Sol. Answer (4)
Second heart sound (Dub) is produced by the closure of semilunar valves and it lasts for 0.1 second.
It has high pitch and for short duration.
25. Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle enters into

(1) Pulmonary artery (2) Aorta (3) Superior vena cava (4) Pulmonary trunk
Sol. Answer (2)
Lungs
LA = Left atrium
Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein LV = Left ventricle
RA = Right atrium
RV = Right ventricle
RA LA
Heart
RV LV
Vena cava Aorta
Body parts
26. Contraction of right ventricle pumps blood into

(1) Pulmonary vein (2) Pulmonary artery (3) Coronary sinus (4) Coronary artery
Sol. Answer (2)
Lungs
LA = Left atrium
(oxygenated blood) RA = Right atrium
RA LA
Heart
RV LV
Vena cava / Aorta
Coronary sinus (Oxygenated blood)
Body parts
27. Bundle of His is a network of

(1) Muscle fibres distributed throughout heart wall
(2) Muscle fibres found only in ventricle wall
(3) Nerve fibres distributed in ventricles
(4) Nerve fibres found throughout the heart
Sol. Answer (2)
SAN RA LA SAN = Sino-atrial node

AVN AVN = Atrioventricular node
LA = Left atrium
LV = Left ventricle
Bundle of His RV LV RA = Right atrium
Purkinje's fibre
Bundle of muscle fibres continues from AVN which passes through the atrio-ventricular septa to emerge on
the top of the interventricular septum and immediately divides into left and right bundle in left and right
ventricles walls respectively and through bundle of His minute fibres arises known as purkinje fibres.
28. How many double circulations are normally completed by human heart in one minute?
(1) Eight (2) Sixteen (3) Thirty six (4) Seventy two
Sol. Answer (4)
Our heart normally beats 72 times per minute and in every beat the blood passes through the heart twice,
which includes pulmonary and systemic circulation.
29. Systemic circulation of oxygenated blood starts from

(1) Right atrium (2) Left atrium (3) Left ventricle (4) Right ventricle
Sol. Answer (3)
In pulmonary circulation, blood flows from right ventricle to left atrium.
In systemic circulation, blood flows from left ventricle to right atrium.
30. Amino acids are transported from the intestine to liver by

(1) Hepatic artery (2) Hepatic portal vein (3) Pulmonary vein (4) Hepatic vein
Sol. Answer (2)

Hepatic artery carries oxygenated blood to the liver.
Hepatic vein carries deoxygenated blood from the liver to heart.
Hepatic portal vein carries blood from digestive system to liver.
31. Coronary sinus carries _____ to the right atrium.

(1) Interstitial fluid (2) Deoxygenated blood (3) Lymph (4) Oxygenated blood
Sol. Answer (2)

Lungs
LA = Left atrium
(Deoxygenated blood) (Oxygenated blood) RA = Right atrium
RA LA
RV LV
Vena cava and Aorta
Coronary sinus (oxygenated blood)
Body parts
(Deoxygenated blood)
32. A special neural centre that can moderate the cardiac function is located in
(1) Cerebrum (2) Pons (3) Medulla oblongata (4) Cerebellum
Sol. Answer (3)
Cardiac rhythm centres are located in medulla oblongata.
33. The walls of capillaries are composed of endothelium which is

(1) Cuboidal epithelium (2) Squamous epithelium (3) Columnar epithelium (4) Stratified epithelium
Sol. Answer (2)
The walls of capillaries are composed of just one cell layer – a simple squamous epithelium or
endothelium, which permits a more rapid exchange of materials between the blood and tissues.
34. Tunica externa is composed of

(1) Endothelium (2) Connective tissue (3) Smooth muscles (4) Glycoproteins
Sol. Answer (2)
Tunica externa is the outermost layer of artery and vein wall and is composed of connective tissue.
35. Which one of the following represents pulmonary circulation?

(1) Left atrium Lungs Right atrium (2) Left atrium Lungs Right ventricle
(3) Right ventricle Lungs Left ventricle (4) Right ventricle Lungs Left atrium
Sol. Answer (4)
In pulmonary circulation, blood flows from right ventricle to lungs then to left atrium.
In systemic circulation, blood flows from left ventricle to body parts then to right atrium.
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. T-lymphocytes mature in
(1) Bone marrow (2) Lymph nodes (3) Bursa of fabricius (4) Thymus
Sol. Answer (4)
Thymus is the primary lymphoid organ where maturation of T lymphocytes takes place.
B cell maturation occurs in bone marrow.
2. The granulocyte to arrive first at the site of an infection is

(1) Neutrophil (2) Eosinophil
(3) Basophil (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Neutrophils : They are the most abundant leucocytes (60–65%), which have phagocytic nature i.e., they
engulf the harmful germ.
Eosinophils (2–3% of total leucocytes) : They are non-phagocytic and their number increases in people with
allergic condition such as asthma or hay fever.
Basophils (0–1% of total leucocytes (least)) : They release heparin, serotonin and histamine.
3. A person with blood group O will have _____ antibody/antibodies in plasma.

(1) anti-B (2) anti-A (3) nil (4) anti-A and anti-B
Sol. Answer (4)
O group (universal donor) cannot receive A and B blood because anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
4. Clotting of blood involves

(1) Hemolysis of RBCs
(2) Denaturation of albumins by thrombin
(3) Inactivation of plasma clotting factors
(4) Change of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin
Sol. Answer (4)

Blood platelets Injured tissue
Disintegrate
Release
and release
Platelet factor 3 Thromboplastin

(Thromboplastin) (Phospholipid)
2+
Ca
2+
Ca
Prothrombin Thrombin
(Inactive plasma protein) (Active)
Thrombin
Fibrinogen Fibrin
(Soluble) (Insoluble)
Polymerization
Fibrin Fibres
(Clot)
5. Lymph nodes
(1) Filter the lymph (2) Contain phagocytic cells
(3) Responsible for lymphocyte activation (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
 Lymph is filtered through lymph nodes and they are abundant in neck, groin and armpits.
 Lymph nodes contain phagocytic cell which help to remove pathogens.
 Lymph nodes produce lymphocytes and then lymph transports lymphocytes and antibodies from the lymph
nodes to the blood.
6. Thoracic duct drains lymph into

(1) Left subclavian vein (2) Right lymphatic duct
(3) Right subclavian vein (4) Lymphatic capillaries
Sol. Answer (1)
Because throacic duct is located on the left side and further this duct will drain the lymph into subclavian
vein located on the left side only.
7. Read the following:
a. Lymph absorbs and transports fat from the intestine.
b. Lymph nodes produce fibrinogen.
c. Lymphatic capillaries present in the intestinal villi are known as lacteals.
d. Lymph transports oxygen only.
Which of these statements are true?
(1) a, c (2) b, d (3) c, d (4) a, b
Sol. Answer (1)
Statement b, is false because lymph nodes produce lymphocytes, not fibrinogen.
Statement d, is false, because lymph does not only transport O2 but it also transports CO2, nutrients,
hormone etc.
8. Blood pumped by the heart passes into sinuses in

(1) Fishes (2) Earthworms (3) Insects (4) Birds
Sol. Answer (3)
Because arthropods (insects) and noncephalopod molluscs have open circulatory system i.e., blood pumped
by heart passes through large vessels into open spaces or body cavity called sinus.
Rest all, i.e. fishes, earthworm and birds have closed circulatory system.
9. A patch of nodal tissue responsible for initiating the rhythmic contractile activity of heart is present in
(1) Lower left corner of the left ventricle (2) Upper right corner of the right atrium
(3) Lower left corner of the right ventricle (4) Upper left corner of the left atrium
Sol. Answer (2)
A patch of nodal tissue responsible initiating the rhythmic contractile activity of heart is SAN (Sino Atrial Node)
which is located at upper right corner of the right atrium.
10. Murmur occurs due to defect in
(1) Heart valves (2) SA node (3) Bundle of His (4) Purkinje fibres
Sol. Answer (1)
In case of defective or damaged heart valves, their improper closure leads to leakage of blood which produces
an abnormal sound referred to as heart murmur.
11. Repolarisation of the ventricles is represented by

(1) P-wave (2) QRS-wave (3) T-wave (4) Both P and T-wave
Sol. Answer (3)
R
P Q S T
P Wave : Depolarisation of atria leads to contraction

QRS wave : Depolarisation of ventricle, which initiates ventricle contraction.
T wave : Represents the return of the ventricles from the excited to normal state i.e., repolarization of the
ventricles occur. End of T-wave mark the end of systole.
12. The strength of ventricular contraction increases when SAN is stimulated by

(1) Vagus nerve (2) Parasympathetic nerve (3) Sympathetic nerve (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Because sympathetic nerve endings release adrenaline which stimulates the SAN. This accelerates the heart
beat, the strength of ventricular contraction and thereby the cardiac output.
13. Parasympathetic nervous system

(1) Decreases heart beat (2) Increases heart beat
(3) Starts heart beat (4) Has no effect on heart beat
Sol. Answer (1)
Parasympathetic nerve ending releases acetylcholine which decreases the rate of heart beat, speed of
conduction of action potential and thereby the cardiac output.
14. Match column I with column II

Column I Column II
a. Capillaries (i) Valves
b. Veins (ii) Smooth muscles
c. Aorta (iii) Narrowest blood vessels
d. Tunica media (iv) Elastic artery
Select the alternative which shows the correct matching.
(1) a(iv), b(iii), c(i), d(ii) (2) a(iii), b(iv), c(ii), d(i) (3) a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(ii) (4) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)
Sol. Answer (3)
Capillaries are the narrowest blood vessels through which the exchange of gases and nutrient between the
blood and the tissue fluid occurs.
Veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood.
Aorta is an artery, which has thick elastic membrane in tunica interna.
Tunica media : It is the middle layer in the wall of artery and have smooth muscles mainly.
15. Complete stoppage of heart beat is known as

(1) Cardiac arrest (2) Myocardial infarction (3) Angina pectoris (4) Heart failure
Sol. Answer (1)
Cardiac arrest  Complete stoppage of heart beat
Myocardial infarction  Heart attack
Angina pectoris  Chest pain
Heart failure  Heart stops pumping
16. Which of the following diseases is also known as atherosclerosis?

(1) Hypertension (2) Angina pectoris
(3) Heart attack (4) Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Sol. Answer (4)
Hypertension – High blood pressure
Angina pectoris – Chest pain
Heart attack – Myocardial infarction
Coronary Artery Disease(CAD) – Atherosclerosis
17. There is no capillary system in case of most of the invertebrates except
(1) Crustaceans (2) Cephalopods (3) Insects (4) Gastropods
Sol. Answer (2)
Cephalopods have closed circulatory system, rest all i.e. crustaceans, insect and gastropods have open
circulatory system.
18. Which of the following can't be taken as a feature of open type circulatory system?
(1) Low pressure system (2) Well regulated blood supply to different organs
(3) Blood returns to the heart slowly (4) Non-formation of capillaries
Sol. Answer (2)
Well regulated blood supply to different organs occurs in closed circulatory system, in which blood flows in
the blood vessel.
19. Time interval between the closure of semilunar valve and closure of AV valve is
(1) 0.3 s (2) 0.5 s (3) 0.1 s (4) 0.7 s
Sol. Answer (2)
Time interval between the closure of semilunar valve and closure of AV valve is the ventricular diastole time,
which is equal to 0.5 seconds.
20. If one litre of blood is drawn out of 5 litres from the body of man, how much blood would be left by the next
day?
(1) 5 litres (2) 4.5 litres (3) 4 litres (4) 3 litres
Sol. Answer (1)
Blood lost is compensated by blood cell formed by the bone marrow and RBC stored in spleen and liquid content
is provided from outside in the form of fluid etc, to compensate plasma.
21. If RBCs are placed in distilled water, the corpuscles will

(1) Burst (2) Increase in number (3) Shrink (4) Stick to each other
Sol. Answer (1)
When the RBCs are placed in water, the water moves from surrounding into the RBC by osmosis, which results
in swelling or bursting of RBC due to excess of water.
22. Universal recipient blood group is

(1) A+ (2) AB+ (3) B+ (4) O+
Sol. Answer (2)
Because person with AB blood group neither have anti-A nor anti-B antibodies but have both antigens (A and B).
23. A person with antigen A in RBC and antibody b in plasma belongs to blood group
(1) A (2) B (3) O (4) AB
Sol. Answer (1)
Person having A blood group have antigen A in RBC and antibody b in plasma.
24. The two auricles are demarcated externally from the ventricle by an irregular groove called
(1) Inter-auricular septum (2) Inter-ventricular septum
(3) Coronary sulcus (4) Inter-ventricular groove
Sol. Answer (3)
Coronary sulcus demarcated auricles from ventricle externally.
25. Which layer of the heart is responsible for differential thickness of different chambers?
(1) Epicardium (2) Myocardium (3) Endocardium (4) Pericardium
Sol. Answer (2)
The heart has outermost smooth coelomic epithelium – the visceral pericardium.
The middle thick muscular layer - called Myocardium, made up of cardiac muscle fibres.
Innermost layer i.e. endothelium made up of simple squamous epithelial cells. (Endocardium).
26. Which of following pulmonary bypass are present in the circulatory system before birth?
(1) Foramen ovale (2) Ductus arteriosus (3) Conus arteriosus (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (4)
Before birth, the major portion blood from the right side bypasses the pulmonary circulation through foramen
ovale (in between right and left auricle) and ductus arteriosus (in between pulmonary and systemic arota).
At the time of birth with the start of breathing, these bypass cease to act.
Conus arteriosus - Present in frog's heart.
27. The opening of pulmonary vein is without valve because

(1) It is a very small aperture (2) It has low blood pressure
(3) Its opening is oblique (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Veins have valves which prevent backward flow of blood except pulmonary vein because it has oblique opening.
28. A cardiac cycle involves

(1) Joint diastole-ventricular systole-auricular systole
(2) Auricular systole-ventricular systole-complete cardiac diastole
(3) Auricular systole-joint diastole-ventricular systole
(4) Auricular systole-ventricular diastole-joint diastole
Sol. Answer (2)
Auricular
systole
0.1 s
Ventricular
systole
0.3 s
Cardiac cycle (0.8 second)
29. The duration of the ventricular diastole in a normal cardiac cycle is
(1) 0.3 second (2) 0.5 second (3) 0.4 second (4) 0.7 second
Sol. Answer (2)
Ventricular systole duration = 0.3 seconds
Ventricular diastole duration = 0.8 – 0.3 = 0.5 seconds
30. The course of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called
(1) Systemic circulation (2) Pulmonary circulation (3) Single circulation (4) Double circulation
Sol. Answer (2)
Pulmonary circulation = Right ventricle

Lungs

Left atrium

Systemic circulation = Left ventricle

Body parts

Right auricle
Double circulation = Pulmonary circulation + Systemic circulation
31. A portal system is one in which

(1) A vein starts from an organ and ends up in heart
(2) A vein starts from an organ and ends up in another organ
(3) A vein starts from heart and ends up in lungs
(4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Heart
Artery
Vein Portal system
Portal
Organ 1 Organ 2
Vein
32. The middle man of the body is

(1) Blood (2) Plasma (3) Lymph (4) Serum
Sol. Answer (3)
Lymph acts as 'middle man' which transports oxygen, food materials, hormone etc. to the body cells and
bring carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes, from the body cells to blood and then finally pour the same
into the venous system.
33. Hepatic portal system is present in

(1) Fishes, Amphibians and Reptiles (2) Reptiles and Birds
(3) All mammals (4) All vertebrates
Sol. Answer (4)

Hepatic portal system is characteristic feature of all vertebrates.
34. Lymph differs from blood in possessing

(1) More proteins and less waste products (2) Less proteins and more waste products
(3) More proteins and more waste products (4) Less proteins and less waste products
Sol. Answer (2)
Blood Lymph
 Consist mainly of plasma, RBC,  Consist of plasma, WBC.
WBC and platelets.
 In plasma, more protein, Ca and  In plasma, have few protein, Ca
phosphorus. and phosphorus.
 Amount of CO2 and metabolic  Amount of CO2 and metabolic
waste is normal. waste is much more.
35. Chordae tendinae in the heart are found in

(1) Ventricle (2) Left auricle
(3) Right auricle (4) Interventricular septum
Sol. Answer (1)
Chordae tendinae are the special fibrous cords that are attached to the flaps of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves
at one end and their other ends are attached to the ventricular wall with the special muscles known as papillary
muscle.
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which one of the following is correct? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets (2) Plasma = Blood – Lymphocytes
(3) Serum = Blood + Fibrinogen (4) Lymph = Plasma + RBC + WBC
Sol. Answer (1)
2. Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during [AIPMT-2015]

(1) Diastole of the right atrium (2) Systole of the left atrium
(3) Diastole of the right ventricle (4) Systole of the left ventricle
Sol. Answer (4)
3. Erythropoiesis starts in [AIPMT-2015]

(1) Red bone marrow (2) Kidney (3) Liver (4) Spleen
Sol. Answer (3)
4. A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with blood group 'B'. What are all the possible blood groups of
their offsprings? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) O only (2) A and B only (3) A, B and AB only (4) A, B, AB and O
Sol. Answer (4)
5. How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output
(2) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output
(3) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase
(4) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases
Sol. Answer (1)
Post-ganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nervous system secrete acetylcholine which decrease heart rate and
cardiac output.
6. Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma
(2) Both A and B antibodies in the plasma
(3) No antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma
(4) Both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies
Sol. Answer (1)
Person with blood group AB has both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma.
7. The diagram given here is the standard ECG of a normal person. The P-wave represents the [NEET-2013]
P T
Q S
(1) Initiation of the ventricular contraction (2) Beginning of the systole

(3) End of systole (4) Contraction of both the atria
Sol. Answer (4)
8. Figure shows schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the label and give its
function/s [NEET-2013]
D
A
C B
(1) B – Pulmonary artery-takes blood from heart to lungs, PO2 = 90 mm Hg

(2) C – Vena Cava-takes blood from body parts to right auricle, PCO2 = 45 mm Hg
(3) D – Dorsal aorta-takes blood from heart to body parts, PO2 = 95 mm Hg
(4) A – Pulmonary vein-takes impure blood from body parts, PO2 = 60 mm Hg
Sol. Answer (2)
9. A patient brought to a hospital with myocardial infarction is normally immediately given [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) Cyclosporin-A (2) Statins (3) Penicillin (4) Streptokinase
Sol. Answer (4)
10. A certain road accident patient with unknown blood group needs immediate blood transfusion. His one doctor
friend at once offers his blood. What was the blood group of the donor? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) Blood group O (2) Blood group A (3) Blood group B (4) Blood group AB
Sol. Answer (1)
11. Which one of the following human organs is often called the “graveyard” of RBCs? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Liver (2) Gall bladder (3) Kidney (4) Spleen
Sol. Answer (4)
The older RBCs are removed from the circulation by the phagocytic cells of spleen mainly. Hence, spleen
is known as graveyard of RBC.
12. A person with unknown blood group under ABO system, has suffered much blood loss in an accident and needs
immediate blood transfusion. His one friend who has a valid certificate of his own blood type, offers for blood
donation without delay. What would have been the type of blood group of the donor friend?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Type A (2) Type B (3) Type AB (4) Type O
Sol. Answer (4)
13. Arteries are best defined as the vessels which [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Carry blood from one visceral organ to another visceral organ
(2) Supply oxygenated blood to the different organs
(3) Carry blood away from the heart to different organs
(4) Break up into capillaries which reunite to form a vein
Sol. Answer (3)
Artery carries blood away from heart.
Vein carries blood towards the heart.
14. 'Bundle of His' is a part of which of the following organs in humans? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Pancreas (2) Brain (3) Heart (4) Kidney
Sol. Answer (3)
Bundle of His is a part of heart located only in the ventricle wall.
15. Which one of the following plasma proteins is involved in the coagulation of blood? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Fibrinogen (2) An albumin (3) Serum amylase (4) A globulin
Sol. Answer (1)
16. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding blood pressure? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) 190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidney
(2) 130/90 mm Hg is considered high and requires treatment
(3) 100/55 mm Hg is considered an ideal blood pressure
(4) 105/50 mm Hg makes one very active
Sol. Answer (1)
Blood pressure of an individual is 140/90 or higher, it shows hypertension which leads to heart diseases
and also affect vital organs like brain and kidney.
17. Given below is the ECG of a normal human. Which one of its components is correctly interpreted below?
[AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
R
P T
Q S
(1) Peak P and Peak R together – systolic and diastolic blood pressures
(2) Peak P– Initiation of left atrial contraction only
(3) Complex QRS – One complete pulse
(4) Peak T – Initiation of total cardiac contraction
Sol. Answer (3)
P wave : Atrial depolarization
QRS wave : Ventricular depolarisation / One complete pulse systole (diastole)
T wave : Ventricular repolarisation
18. What is true about RBCs in humans? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]

(1) They do not carry CO2 at all
(2) They carry about 20-25 percent of CO2
(3) They transport 99.5 percent of O2
(4) They transport about 80 percent oxygen only and the rest 20 percent of it is transported in dissolved state
in blood plasma
Sol. Answer (2)
19. If due to some injury the chordae tendinae of the tricuspid valve of the human heart is partially non-functional,
what will be the immediate effect? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced
(2) The flow of blood into the aorta will be slowed down
(3) The pacemaker will stop working
(4) The blood will tend to flow back into the left atrium
Sol. Answer (1)
The tricuspid valve is present between right atrium and right ventricle and then from right ventricle blood goes
to lungs via pulmonary artery.
The chordae tendinae which is attached to the flaps of tricuspid valve and prevent it from collapsing back into
the atria during powerful ventricular contraction and if in case, the chordae tendinae of the tricuspid valve
become partially non-functional then the flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced.
20. Given below are four statements (a-d) regarding human blood circulatory system
(a) Arteries are thick-walled and have narrow lumen as compared to veins
(b) Angina is acute chest pain when the blood circulation to the brain is reduced
(c) Persons with blood group AB can donate blood to any person with any blood group under ABO system
(d) Calcium ions play a very important role in blood clotting
Which two of the above statements are correct? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) (a) & (d) (2) (a) & (b) (3) (b) & (c) (4) (c) & (d)
Sol. Answer (1)
Statement(b) is wrong because acute chest pain appears when no enough oxygen is reaching the heart
muscle.
Statement(c) is wrong, because AB is universal acceptor, not universal donor.
21. The haemoglobin content per 100 ml of blood of a normal healthy human adult is [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) 5 - 11 g (2) 25 - 30 g (3) 17 - 20 g (4) 12 - 16 g
Sol. Answer (4)
22. The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC, because "O" in
it refers to having: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A and B types
(2) One antibody only – either anti-A or anti-B on the RBCs
(3) No antigens A and B on RBCs
(4) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
Sol. Answer (3)
23. Compared to blood our lymph has [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]

(1) Plasma without proteins (2) More WBCs and no RBCs
(3) More RBCs and less WBCs (4) No plasma
Sol. Answer (2)
Lymph has more WBC, because lymph nodes produce lymphocytes and the lymph takes lymphocytes and
antibodies from the lymph nodes.
24. There is no DNA in [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]

(1) Mature RBCs (2) A mature spermatozoan
(3) Hair root (4) An enucleated ovum
Sol. Answer (1)
Matured RBCs do not have cell organelles including nucleus, golgi bodies, mitochondria, ribosomes, centrioles
and endoplasmic reticulum.
25. In a standard ECG which one of the following alphabets is the correct representation of the respective activity of
the human heart? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) S – start of systole (2) T – end of diastole
(3) P – depolarisation of the atria (4) R–repolarisation of ventricles
Sol. Answer (3)
P wave : Depolarization of atria
QRS wave : Depolarisation of ventricles
T wave : Repolarisation of ventricles
26. Globulins contained in human blood plasma are primarily involved in: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Osmotic balance of body fluids (2) Oxygen transport in the blood
(3) Clotting of blood (4) Defence mechanisms of body
Sol. Answer (4)
27. The most active phagocytic white blood cells are [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) Neutrophils and monocytes (2) Neutrophils and eosinophils
(3) Lymphocytes and macrophages (4) Eosinophils and lymphocytes
Sol. Answer (1)
28. Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant
heparin? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) Monocytes (2) Neutrophils (3) Basophils (4) Eosinophils
Sol. Answer (3)
29. The haemoglobin of a human foetus [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]

(1) Has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult
(2) Has a lower affinity for oxygen than that of the adult
(3) Its affinity for oxygen is the same as that of an adult
(4) Has only 2 protein subunits instead of 4
Sol. Answer (1)
30. In humans, blood passes from the post caval to the diastolic right atrium of heart due to
(1) Pressure difference between the post caval and atrium
(2) Pushing open of the venous valves
(3) Suction pull
(4) Stimulation of the sino auricular node
Sol. Answer (1)
31. Consider the following statements about biomedical technologies

a. During open heart surgery blood is circulated in the heart-lung machine.
b. Blockage in coronary arteries is removed by angiography.
c. Computerised Axial Tomography (CAT) shows detailed internal structure as seen in a section of body.
d. X-ray provides clear and detailed images or organs like prostate glands and lungs.
Which two of the above statements are correct? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) a and b (2) b and d (3) c and d (4) a and c
Sol. Answer (4)
32. If you suspect major deficiency of antibodies in person, to which of the following would you look for
confirmatory evidence? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Haemocytes (2) Serum albumins
(3) Serum globulins (4) Fibrinogen in the plasma
Sol. Answer (3)
33. Which one of the following mammalian cells is not capable of metabolising glucose to carbon-dioxide
aerobically? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Red blood cells (2) White blood cells
(3) Unstriated muscle cells (4) Liver cells
Sol. Answer (1)
34. A drop of each of the following, is placed separately on four slides. Which of them will not coagulate?
(1) Whole blood from pulmonary vein
(2) Blood plasma
(3) Blood serum
(4) Sample from the thoracic duct of lymphatic system
Sol. Answer (3)
35. The ‘blue baby’ syndrome results from [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) Excess of chloride (2) Methaemoglobin
(3) Excess of dissolved oxygen (4) Excess of TDS (Total Dissolved Solids)
Sol. Answer (2)
36. G-6-P dehydrogenase deficiency is associated with haemolysis of [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]

(1) Lymphocytes (2) RBCs (3) Platelets (4) Leucocytes
Sol. Answer (2)
37. Which of the following substances, if introduce in the blood stream, would cause coagulation, at the site of its
introduction? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Fibrinogen (2) Prothrombin (3) Heparin (4) Thromboplastin
Sol. Answer (4)
38. Lymph collected from left side of the body collected through thoracic duct and finally opens into
(1) Right sub clavian vein (2) Righ sub clavian artery
(3) Left sub clavian vein (4) Left sub clavian artery
Sol. Answer (3)
Because thoracic duct is located on the left side and further this duct will drain the lymph into subclavian
vein located on the left side only.
39. Systemic heart refers to
(1) The heart that contracts under stimulation from nervous system
(2) Left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates
(3) Entire heart in lower vertebrates
(4) The two ventricles together in humans
Sol. Answer (2)
Systemic heart means oxygenated heart which supplies blood to the body parts.
40. Which of the following layer of heart is related to difference in thickness of different chambers of heart?
(1) Outer fibrous coat (2) Epicardium (3) Myocardium (4) Endocardium
Sol. Answer (3)
The heart has an outermost smooth coelomic epithelium - the visceral pericardium.
The middle thick muscular layer called myocardium, made up of muscle fibres.
Innermost layer i.e., endocardium.
41. Which of the following are in direct contact with the AV valves and prevent these from collapsing back into atria?
(1) Chordae tendinae (2) Papillary muscles
(3) Columnae carnae (4) Musculi pectinati
Sol. Answer (1)

Special fibrous cords called the chordae tendinae are attached to the flaps of the bicuspid and tricuspid
valves at one end and their other ends are attached to the ventricular wall with the special muscles. The
papillary muscles. The chordae tendinae prevent the bicuspid and tricuspid valves from collapsing back into
the atria during powerful ventricular contraction.
Columnae carinae : They are the rounded or irregular muscular column which project from the inner surface
of the right and left ventricles of heart.
Musculi pectinati : They are the parallel ridges in the walls of the atria of the heart.
42. The pacesetter in the heart is called

(1) Sino-atrial node (SAN) (2) Atrio-ventricular node (AVN)
(3) Purkinje fibres (4) Papillary muscle
Sol. Answer (2)

Sino-atrial node(SAN) is called pacemaker
Atrio-ventricular node (AVN) is called pacesetter.
43. The correct route through which impulse travels in the heart is
(1) SA node  Purkinje fibres  bundle of His  AV node  heart muscles
(2) SA node  AV node  bundle of His  Purkinje fibres  heart muscles
(3) AV node  bundle of His  SA node  Purkinje fibres  heart muscles
(4) AV node  SA node  Purkinje fibres  bundle of His  heart muscles
Sol. Answer (2)

SA node (wave of contraction get originated at SA node)

AV node

Bundle of His

Purkinje's fibre (now, the impulse stimulates the ventricles to contract simultaneously)
44. Bundle of His is a network of

(1) Muscle fibres distributed throughout the heart walls
(2) Muscle fibres found only in the ventricle wall
(3) Nerve fibres distributed in ventricles
(4) Nerve fibres found throughout the heart
Sol. Answer (2)
Bundle of His are muscle fibres which originate from AV node and present on the each ventricle wall.
45. The cardiac pacemaker in a patient fails to function normally. The doctors find that an artificial pacemaker is
to be grafted in him. It is likely that it will be grafted at the site of
(1) Atrioventricular bundle (2) Purkinje system
(3) Sinoatrial node (4) Atrioventricular node
Sol. Answer (3)
Sinoatrial node is also called pacemaker because it is the site which generates the maximum number of action
potential i.e., 70–75 min–1 and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of
the heart.
46. Impulse of heart beat originates from

(1) SA node (2) AV node (3) Vagus nerve (4) Cardiac nerve
Sol. Answer (1)
SA node is also known as pacemaker because the contraction of atria is initiated and activated by SA node.
47. Rate of heart beat is determined by

(1) Purkinje fibres (2) Papillary muscles (3) AV-node (4) SA-node
Sol. Answer (4)
It is the site which generates the maximum number of action potential i.e. 70–75 min–1 and is responsible
for initiating and maintaing the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart.
48. The heart sound ‘dup’ is produced when

(1) Mitral valve is closed (2) Semilunar valves at the base of aorta get closed
(3) Tricuspid valve is opened (4) Mitral valve is opened
Sol. Answer (2)
The first heart sound 'LUBB' is produced by closure of bicuspid and tricuspid valves.
The second heart sound 'DUP' is produced by closure of aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves.
49. At the end of joint diastole ventricle is
(1) Completely filled by blood (2) Two third filled by blood
(3) One third filled by blood (4) Completely empty
Sol. Answer (2)
During joint diastole, in the beginning of the ventricle diastole there is first rapid filling due to opening of AV
valves then the blood fills into ventricles with slow pace called diastasis or slow filling. Due to this, ventricle
is two-thirds filled by blood.
Remaining 1/3rd is filled during atrial contraction.
50. To obtain a standard ECG, a patient is connected to the machine with three electrodes attached
(1) One to each wrist and to the left ankle (2) One to each ankle and to the left wrist
(3) One to each wrist and to the left chest region (4) One to each ankle and to the left chest region
Sol. Answer (1)
To obtain a standard, ECG, three electrodes of the machine are attached one to each wrist and to the left
ankle of patient.
51. When the heart muscles receive insufficient oxygen, it is indicated in the ECG as
(1) Enlarged P-wave (2) Depressed S-T segment (3) Flattened T-wave (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
S-T segment is elevated in acute myocardial infarction and depressed when the heart muscle receives insufficient
oxygen.
T wave is flat when heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen as in atherosclerotic heart disease and it may be
elevated when the body's potassium level is increased.
52. In what way pulmonary artery is different from pulmonary vein?

(1) Its lumen is broad (2) Its wall is thick
(3) It has valves (4) It does not possess endothelium
Sol. Answer (2)
Artery has thick wall, blood flows with more pressure. Thickness of artery is due to tunica media.
53. Difference between pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein is that the pulmonary artery has
(1) No endothelium (2) Valves (3) Thicker wall (4) Oxygenated blood
Sol. Answer (3)
Artery has thick wall, blood flows with more pressure. Thickness of artery is due to tunica media.
54. In veins, valves are present to check backward flow of blood flowing at
(1) Atmospheric pressure (2) High pressure (3) Low pressure (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Artery have high pressure
Veins have low pressure, thin walls
55. Fastest distribution of some injectible material/medicine with no risk of any kind can be achieved by injecting
it into the
(1) Muscles (2) Arteries (3) Veins (4) Lymph vessels
Sol. Answer (3)
Because veins carry blood towards the heart and then heart pumps blood to all organs.
56. An adult human with average health has systolic and diastolic pressures as
(1) 120 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg (2) 50 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg
(3) 80 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg (4) 70 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg
Sol. Answer (1)
Normal blood pressure 120(systolic pressure) / 80 (Diastolic pressure)
57. Which vertebrate organ receives only oxygenated blood?

(1) Spleen (2) Liver (3) Gill (4) Lung
Sol. Answer (1)
Liver : Carries deoxygenated blood via hepatic portal vein.
Lung : Carries deoxygenated blood via pulmonary artery.
58. The thickening of walls of arteries is called

(1) Arteriosclerosis (2) Arthritis (3) Aneurysm (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (1)
Arteriosclerosis : Thickening of walls due to calcification in old age.
Arthritis : It is a disorder in which inflammation of the joints occurs. It is characterized by pain, swelling,
redness, heat.
Aneurysm : Abnormal widening and ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of blood
vessel.
59. Which of the following cannot be taken as a feature of open type circulatory system?
(1) Low pressure system (2) Well regulated blood supply to different organs
(3) Blood returns to the heart slowly (4) Non formation of capillaries
Sol. Answer (2)
Well-regulated blood supply to different organs occurs in closed circulatory system, in which blood flows in
the blood vessel.
60. Which of the following blood vessels bypass are present in the circulatory system before birth?
(1) Foramen ovale (2) Fossa ovalis (3) Ductus arteriosus (4) Both (1) and (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
Before birth, the major portion blood from the right side bypasses the pulmonary circulation through foramen
ovale and ductus arteriosus. At the time of birth with the start of breathing, these bypass cease to act.
Foramen ovale closes to become fossa ovalis.
Ductus arteriosus closes to become ligamentum arteriosum.
61. Isovolumetric systole is duration between

(1) Closure of AV valve and opening of semilunar valve
(2) Closure of semilunar valve and opening of AV valve
(3) Closure of tricuspid and closure of bicuspid valve
(4) Closure of tricuspid and opening of bicuspid valve
Sol. Answer (1)
During isovolumetric contraction volume of blood does not change even though ventricular continue contracting.
62. High level of which ions change the strength of contraction
(1) Ca2+ (2) K + (3) Na+ (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Elevated blood level of K+ or Na+ decreases heart rate and contractility
An excess of Ca2+ increases heart rate.
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : The cardiac impulse which originates from SA node in mammalian heart cannot spread directly from atria to
ventricles.
R : In mammalian heart there is no continuity between cardiac muscle fibres of atria and those of ventricles
except AV bundles.
Sol. Answer (1)
SA node  AV node  Bundle of His  Bundle branch  Purkinje fibre  Ventricle wall
2. A : First phase of ventricular filling is rapid and causes 3rd sound of heart.
R : It is because of auricular systole.
Sol. Answer (3)
It is because of opening of AV valve.
3. A : Dub is a long and sharp sound.

R : It is caused by closing of atrio ventricular valves.
Sol. Answer (4)
Dup has high pitch and of short duration.
4. A : Portal system consists of veins which start from capillaries and end into capillaries.
R : All vertebrates have hepatic portal system.
Sol. Answer (2)
A unique vascular connection exists between the digestive tract and liver called hepatic portal system.
5. A : 100 ml of venous blood has 14.4 ml of O2 i.e., it is still 75% saturated with oxygen in normal condition.
R : About 4.6 ml of O2, i.e. 25% diffuses from arterial blood into the tissue during exercise.
Sol. Answer (3)
Because during normal condition, oxygen demand in tissue is low.
6. A : Left ventricle pumps blood at a much higher pressure to all body parts involved in systemic circulation.
R : The muscular wall of the left ventricle is two to four times as thick as the wall of right ventricle.
Sol. Answer (1)
Left ventricle has thickest wall.
7. A : The resting heart rate, about 75/minutes, usually is lower than the autorhythmic rate of the SA node
(90 – 100 beats/minute).
R : At rest condition, the parasympathetic effects dominate.
Sol. Answer (1)
The signals from parasympathetic nervous system decreases the heart rate.
8. A : Elevated levels of Na+ increases the heart rate and contractility.

R : Elevated Na+ level increase the excitability of SA node.
Sol. Answer (4)
Elevated levels of Na+ decreases the heart rate and contractility.
9. A : Endocardium provides a smooth lining for the inside of the heart and covers the valves of the heart.
R : Endocardium is continuous with the endothelial lining of the large blood vessels associated with the heart
and the rest of the cardiovascular system.
Sol. Answer (2)
Inner wall of heart is endocardium.
10. A : Isovolumetric systole of a normal cardiac cycle is responsible for the opening of semilunar valves causing
the blood flow into aortic aorta and pulmonary aorta.
R : During isovolumetric systole, intraventricular pressure increases as semilunar and AV valves are closed and
ventricles are contracting.
Sol. Answer (1)
There is no change in volume of blood in ventricles during isovolumetric systole.


CLS Aipmt-15-16 XIII Zoo Study-Package-2 Set-1 Chapter-6 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CLS Aipmt-15-16 XIII Zoo Study-Package-2 Set-1 Chapter-6 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 6

Body Fluids and Circulation

2. Fluid exuding from the clotted blood is

Sol. Answer (4)

3. A reduction in the number of blood platelets is called

Sol. Answer (1)

Thrombocytopenia : A reduction in the number of platelets is called thrombocytopenia, which leads to

Hypertension : High blood pressure.

Anaemia : Low haemoglobin, immature RBC.

4. Each haemoglobin molecule has

Sol. Answer (4)

5. In adults, erythropoiesis occurs in

Sol. Answer (2)

6. Granulocytes are formed in

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (2)

8. Diapedesis is the characteristic feature of

Sol. Answer (1)

Monocyte and neutrophil cells undergo diapedesis.

9. Which of the following are phagocytic in nature?

Sol. Answer (4)

10. ______ are cell fragments rather than true cells.

Sol. Answer (3)

Thrombocytes i.e. platelets are small, colourless, enucleated fragment of megakaryocytes.

Sol. Answer (4)

12. Blood group AB has

Sol. Answer (2)

AB blood also called universal recipient.

13. In ABO system of blood grouping, transfusion is not possible from

Sol. Answer (4)

14. Erythroblastosis foetalis can occur if

Sol. Answer (1)

15. Blood platelets release

Sol. Answer (4)

16. Prothrombin that helps in clotting of blood, is present in

Sol. Answer (1)

Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein, which helps in clotting of blood.

Sol. Answer (1)

Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein, which helps in clotting of blood.

Sol. Answer (3)

Because heparin is an anticoagulant which prevents clotting of blood.

19. Lymph ultimately release the absorbed substances into

Sol. Answer (2)

20. Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs in the heart of

Sol. Answer (4)

21. Human heart is derived from

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (4)

Sol. Answer (2)

Cardiac output = Stroke volume × Number of beats per minute

= 70 mL × 72  5040 mL/min ~ 5 L/min

24. ‘Dub’ sound is produced by the closing of

Sol. Answer (4)

It has high pitch and for short duration.

25. Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle enters into

Sol. Answer (2)

26. Contraction of right ventricle pumps blood into

Sol. Answer (2)

27. Bundle of His is a network of

Sol. Answer (2)

SAN RA LA SAN = Sino-atrial node

Sol. Answer (4)

29. Systemic circulation of oxygenated blood starts from