Body fluids and circulation

13.09.2023
Section – A
BLOOD
1. Which of following act as middleman :-
(1) WBC (2) Lymph (3) Plasma (4) Blood
2. Which of following has least consistency in shape:-
(1) RBC (2) WBC (3) Mast cell (4) Bone cells
3. Ratio WBC / RBC in human blood :-
(1) 1 : 100 (2) 1 : 200 (3) 500 : 1 (4) 1 : 500
4. Blood differs from real connective tissue in that :-
(1) Plasma of blood is not entirely secreted by blood cells (2) Blood corpucles are not formed in blood
(3) Fibres are absent in blood (4) All of above
5. Which of the following is the correct function of diagram given below :

(1) Protect body against allergy (2) Secrete heparin and histamin
(3) Destroy bacteria and virus (4) Directly kill microbe
6. Which statement is true for WBC :–
(1) Non nucleated (2) In deficiency cancer is caused
(3) Manufactured in thymus (4) Can squeeze through blood capillaries
7. Blood cells :–
(1) Divide by mitotic division (2) Divide by meiotic division
(3) Divide a mitotically (4) Do not divide
8. Blood clotting requires :-
(1) Na+ and K+ (2) Na+ and prothrombin
(3) Na+ and thromboplastin (4) Ca2+ and thromboplastin.
9. Prothrombin, albumin and fibrinogen are synthesised by :-
(1) Pancreas (2) Bone marrow (3) Spleen (4) Liver
10. An anticoagulant is :-
(1) Heparin (2) Hirudin (3) EDTA (4) All the above
HISTOLOGY OF HUMAN HEART, ANATOMY OF HUMAN HEART,
HEARTS OF VERTOBRATES, CIRCULATORY PATHEWAYS
11. Sinus venosus in mammals is believed to have merged with the wall of :-
(1) Right atrium (2) Left atrium (3) Right ventricle (4) Left ventricle
12. The valves of the heart are attached to papillary muscles by :-
(1) Columnae carinae (2) Chordae tendinae
(3) Tendinae (4) Pectinati muscles
13. Right atrium of human receives :-
(1) One superior vena cava (2) One inferior vena cava
(3) Two superior vena cava (4) More than one option are correct
14. Circulation in Rabbit is :-
(1) Single & Open (2) Double & Open (3) Double & Close (4) Single & Closed
15. If due to some injury the chordae tendinea of the tricuspid valve of the human heart is
partially non-functional, what will be the immediate effect?
(1) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced
(2) The flow of blood into the aorta will be slowed down
(3) The 'pacemaker' will stop working
(4) The blood will tend to flow back into the left atrium
16. Which two of the following changes (a-d) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when
they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more) :-
(a) Increase in red blood cell size (b) Increase in red blood cell production
(c) Increased breathing rate (d) Increase in thrombocyte count
Change occurring are :
(1) (a) and (b) (2) (b) and (c) (3) (c) and (d) (4) (a) and (d)
17. Circulatory system is absent in :-
(1) annelida (2) arthropoda (3) flatworms (4) cephalopod
CONDUCTING SYSTEM OF HEART, HEART BEAT, REGULATION OF CARDIAC ACTIVITY
18. Neurogenic heart is characteristic of :-
(1) Humans (2) Lower invertebrates (3) Rat (4) Rabbit
19. If parasympathetic nerve of the human is cut then heart beat :–
(1) Unaffected (2) Decreases (3) Increases (4) Stop
20. When does the blood enter in atria. Choose the correct answer :-
(a) during generation of impulse from SAN
(b) atrial relaxation
(c) as the tricuspid and bicuspid valves are open
(d) joint diastole
(1) a, b (2) a, b, c (3) b, c, d (4) All of above
21. Choose the correct pathway of the transmission of impulses in the heart beat :-
(1) AV node → S A node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibres
(2) SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibres
(3) SA node → Bundle of His → AV node → Purkinje fibres
(4) AV node → Bundle of His → SA node → Purkinje fibres
22. Pacemaker and pacesetter in human heart are _________ and ________ respectively :-
(1) SA node, Bundle of his (2) AV node, Bundle of his
(3) SA node, AV node (4) SA node, Purkinje fibres
23. Generally artificial pacemaker made up of :-
(1) Nickel (2) Dry cadmium (3) Photo sensitive material (4) Lithium
CARDIAC CYCLE, DOUBLE CIRCULATION, PORTAL SYSTEM
24. Stroke volume and cardiac output are _________ and ________ respectively :-
(1) 50 ml, 5 L (2) 5 L, 50 ml (3) 70 ml, 5 L (4) 120 ml, 5L
25. Identify the correct statement regarding the heart sounds :-
(A) In a healthy individual, there are two normal heart sounds called lubb and dubb
(B) Lubb is the first heart sound. It is associated with the closure of the semilunar and bicuspid
valves at the beginning of atrial systole.
(C) The second heart sound dubb is associated with the closure of the semilunar valves at the
beginning of joint diastole.
(1) A and B (2) A and C (3) B and C (4) All
26. Cardiac output is the :-
(1) Amount of blood pumped by both ventricles in one minute
(2) Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute
(3) Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one second
(4) Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one stroke
27. Time period of cardiac cycle in human heart is 0.8 sec. In which of the following condition
this time period is decreases :-
(a) Excercise (b) Infants (c) Old age (d) Athletes
(e) Relax condition
(1) a, b, c (2) a, b (3) b, c, e (4) d, e
28. Which among the following is correct during each cardiac cycle?
(1) The volume of blood pumped out by the right and left ventricles is same.
(2) The volume of blood pumped out by the right and left ventricles is different
(3) The volume of blood received by each atrium is different
(4) The volume of blood received by the aorta and pulmonary artery is different
29. Which of the following are the correct sequential diagrams of cardiac cycle :
Shaded part -Stole No shaded part -diastole
(1) a and b (2) a and c (3) a, b, c (4) a, b, e
30. Which one of the following options gives the correct statement about the LUBB and DUP heart sounds originate during
cardiac cycle :-

31. Which of the following sequence is truly a systemic circulation pathway :-

(1) Right ventricle → Pulmonary aorta → Tissues → Pulmonary veins → Left auricle
(2) Right auricle → Left ventricle → Aorta → Tissues → Veins → Right auricle
(3) Left auricle → Left ventricle →Pulmonary Aorta→ Tissues → Right auricle
(4) Left Ventricle → Aorta → Arteries → Tissues →Veins → Right auricle
32. A portion of cardiovascular system that transport oxygen depleted blood from the heart to
the lungs and brings oxygenated blood back to the heart is referred as :-
(1) Pulmonary circulation (2) Systemic circulation
(3) Coronary circulation (4) Single circuit circulation
BLOOD VESSELS
33. The correct sequence of layers found in the walls of arteries from inside outward is :-
(1) Tunica adventitia, tunica interna & tunica media (2) Tunica interna, tunica externa & tunica media
(3) Tunica interna, tunica media & tunica externa (4) Tunica media, tunica externa & tunica interna
34. Blood vessel which brings oxygenated blood to left auricle is :-
(1) precaval vein (2) Post caval vein (3) Pulmonary vein (4) Pulmonary artery
35. In Rabbit oxygenated blood flows from :-
(1) Left auricle to left ventricle during auricular systole
(2) Right auricle to right ventricle during ventricular systole
(3) Right ventricle to aorta during ventricular systole
(4) Pulmonary vein to left auricle during auricular systole
36. What is true about vein :-
(1) All veins carry deoxygenated blood (2) All veins carry oxygenated blood
(3) They carry blood from organs towards heart (4) They carry blood from heart towards organs
37. Which of the following are located in tunica media of human blood vessels?
(1) Yellow fibres and smooth muscles (2) Collagen fibres and smooth muscles
(3) Yellow fibres and striated muscles (4) Squamous epithelium and striated muscles
BLOOD PRESSURE, DISEASES, ECG
38. Normal pulse pressure is :-
(1) 80 mm Hg (2) 120 mm Hg (3) 40 mm Hg (4) 320 mm Hg
39. Arterial blood pressure in human beings :-
(1) 120 and 80 mm Hg (2) 150 and 100 mm Hg (3) 50 and 100 mm Hg (4) 200 and 100 mm Hg
40. Coronary heart disease is due to :-
(1) Streptococci bacteria (2) Inflammation of pericardium
(3) Weakening of the heart valves (4) Insufficient blood supply to the heart muscles
41. The deposition of lipids on the wall lining the lumen of large and medium sized arteries is referred to as :-
(1) Deep vein thrombosis (2) Stokes – Adams syndrome
(3) Osteoarthritis (4) Atherosclerosis
42. To obtain a standard ECG a patient is connected to the machine with three electrodes :-
(1) one to each ankle and to the left wrist
(2) one to each wrist and to the left ankle
(3) one to each wrist and to the left chest region
(4) one to each ankle and to the left chest region
43. The QRS complex of a standard ECG represents the :-
(1) excitation of the atria (2) depolarization of the ventricles
(3) repolarisation of the ventricles (4) None of the above
44. Find out the incorrect statement from the following :-
(1) Veins are typically larger in diameter than arteries.
(2) Because of their small size, capillaries contain blood that is moving more quickly than in other
parts of the circulatory system.
(3) The walls of arteries are elastic, enabling them to stretch and shrink during changes in blood
pressure.
(4) Veins contain more blood than any other part of the circulatory system.
45. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding blood pressure?
(1) 190/110 mmHg may harm vital organs like brain and kidney.
(2) 130/90 mmHg is considered high and requires treatment.
(3) 120/80 mmHg is considered an ideal blood pressure.
(4) 105/50 mmHg makes one very active.
46. Which of the following statements is/are correct for blood group?
(i) Blood group O is universal donor.
(ii) Blood group AB is universal acceptor.
(iii) Blood group A contains antigen B and anti-A antibodies.
(iv) Blood group B contains antigen B and anti-A antibodies.
(1) Only (i) and (ii) (2) Only (i), (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (i), (ii) and (iv) (4) Only (i), (iii) and (iv)
47. In a standard ECG, which one of the following alphabets is the correct representation of the
respective activity of the human heart?
(1) P-Depolarization of the atria (2) R-Repolarization of ventricles
(3) S-Start of systole (4) T-End of diastole
48. Match the following descriptions (given in column-II) of each type of blood cell to their
names (given in column-I) :-
Column-I Column-II
(Blood cell) (Description)
A. Erythrocyte I. Most abundant white blood cell, and the main phagocytic cell of the blood.
B. Eosinophil II. Least abundant white blood cell; releases histamine granules.
C. Lymphocyte III. Resist infections and are associated with allergic reactions.

D. Neutrophil IV. Blood cell that contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen.
E. Basophil V. Specialized antibodyproducing white blood cells.
(1) A – IV; B – III; C – V; D – I; E – II (2) A – I; B – II, C – III; D – IV; E – V
(3) A – II; B – III; C – I; D – V; E – IV (4) A – IV; B – I; C – II; D – III; E – V
49. In the human heart, blood from the lungs enters the heart through the left atrium, pumps
into the left ventricle, out the aorta and through the body, and then returns into the right
atrium, pumps into the right ventricle and exits to the lungs. Using the diagram, which set
of letters (A, B, C, D, E) correctly represents the process describe above?
(1) E, D, A, B, C (2) B, C, A, E, D (3) C, D, A, B, E (4) D, C, A, E, B
50. The given figure represents the pathway of blood throughout the body :-

Identify the correct match of marked number 1, 2, 3 and 4.

(1) 1- Artery (2) 2- Pulmonary vein (3) 3- Pulmonary artery (4) 4- Vein
Section – B
1. Examination of blood of a person suspected of having anemia, shows large, immature, nucleated
erythrocytes without haemoglobin. Supplementing his diet with which of the following is likely to
alleviate his symptoms?
(1) Thiamine (2) Folic acid and cobalamine (3) Riboflavin (4) Iron compounds
2. Which one of the following mammalian cells is not capable of metabolising glucose to carbon dioxide
aerobically?
(1) Red blood cells (2) White blood cells (3) Unstriated muscle cells (4) Liver cells
3. A drop of each of the following, is placed separately on four slides. Which of them will not
coagulate?
(1) Whole blood from pulmonary vein (2) Blood plasma
(3) Blood serum (4) Sample from the thoracic duct of lymphatic system
4. Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural
anticoagulant heparin?
(1) Eosinophils (2) Monocytes (3) Neutrophils (4) Basophils
5. In humans, blood passes from the post caval to the diastolic right atrium of heart due to :-
(1) stimulation of the sino auricular node
(2) pressure difference between the post caval and atrium
(3) pushing open of the venous valves
(4) suction pull
6. The most active phagocytic white blood cells are :-
(1) Eosinophils and lymphocytes (2) Neutrophils and monocytes
(3) Neutrophils and eosinophils (4) Lymphocytes and macrophages
7. The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC,
because "O" in it refers to having :-
(1) No antigens A and B on RBCs
(2) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
(3) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A and B types
(4) One antibody only - either anti–A or anti–B on the RBCs
8. The letter T in T-lymphocyte refers to :-
(1) Thymus (2) Thyroid (3) Thalamus (4) Tonsil
9. Compared to blood our lymph has :-
(1) More RBCs and less WBCs (2) No plasma
(3) Plasma without proteins (4) More WBCs and no RBCs
10. Figure shows schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D, Identify the label
 and give its function/s. :-

(1) D-Dorsal aorta-takes blood from heart to body parts, PO2 = 95 mm Hg

(2) A-Pulmonary vein-takes impure blood from body parts, PO2 = 60 mm Hg
(3) B-Pulmonary artery-takes blood from heart to lungs, PO2 = 90 mm Hg
(4) C-Vena Cava-takes blood from body parts of the right auricle, PCO2 = 45 mm Hg
11. How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart?
(1) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output.
(2) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output.
(3) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase.
(4) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases.
12. Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during :-
(1) Diastole of the right ventricle (2) Systole of the left ventricle
(3) Diastole of the right atrium (4) Systole of the left atrium
13. Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery is :-
(1) same as that in the aorta. (2)more than that in the carotid.
(3)more than that in the pulmonary vein. (4)less than that in the venae cavae.
14. Name the blood cells, whose reduction in number can cause clotting disorder, leading to
exceassive loss of blood from the body. :-
(1) Neutrophils (2) Thrombocytes (3) Erythrocytes (4) Leucocytes
15. Serum differs from blood in :-
(1) Lacking clotting factors (2) Lacking antibodies
(3) Lacking globulins (4) Lacking albumins
16. Adult human RBCs are enucleated. Which of the following statement(s) is/are most appropriate
explanation for this feature?
(a) They do not need to reproduce (b) They are somatic cells
(c) They do not metabolize (d) All their internal space is available for oxygen transport
(1) only (a) (2) (a), (c) and (d) (3) (b) and (c) (4) only (d)
17. The hepatic portal vein drains blood to liver from :-
(1) Stomach (2) Kidneys (3) Intestine (4) Heart
18. Frog's heart when taken out of the body continues to beat for sometime. :-
Select the best option from the following statements.
(a) Frog is a poikilotherm.
(b) Frog does not have any coronary circulation.
(c) Heart is "myogenic" in nature.
(d) Heart is autoexcitable
Options:
(1) Only(d) (2) (a) and (b) (3) (c)and(d) (4) Only(c)
19. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given
below :-
Column I Column II
a. Tricuspid valve i. Between left atrium and left ventricle
b. Bicuspid valve ii. Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
c. Semilunar valve iii. Between right atrium and right ventricle
abc
(1)iii i ii
(2) i iii ii
(3) i ii iii
(4) ii i iii
20. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :-
Column I Column II
a. Fibrinogen i. Osmotic balance
b. Globulin ii. Blood clotting
c. Albumin iii.Defence mechanism
abc
(1)iii ii i
(2)i ii iii
(3)i iii ii
(4)ii iii i
21. Match the Column - I with Column -II :-
Column - I Column - II
(a) P-wave (i) Depolarisation of ventricles
(b)QRS complex (ii) Repolarisation of ventricles
(c) T-wave (iii) Coronary ischemia
(d)Reduction in the size (iv) Depolarisation of T-wave atria
(v) Repolarisation of atria
Select the correct option-
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1)(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(2)(iv) (i) (ii) (v)
(3)(ii) (i) (v) (iii)
(4)(ii) (iii) (v) (iv)
22. All the components of the nodal tissue are autoexcitable. Why does the SA node act as the normal pacemaker?
(1) SA node has the lowest rate of depolarisation.
(2) SA node is the only component to generate the threshold potential.
(3) Only SA node can convey the action potential to the other components.
(4) SA node has the highest rate of depolarisation.
23. A specialised nodal tissue embedded in the lower corner of the right atrium, close to
Atrioventricular septum, delays the spreading of impulses to heart apex for about 0.1 sec. The
delay allows. :-
(1) blood to enter aorta.
(2) the ventricles to empty completely. (3) blood to enter pulmonary arteries.
(4) the atria to empty completely. 24. Select the correct statement :-
(1) Atrial Natriuretic Factor increases the blood pressure.
(2) Angiotensin II is a powerful vasodilator.
(3) Counter current pattern of blood flow is not observed in vase recta.
(4) Reduction in Glomerular Filtration Rate activates JG cells to release renin.
25. Which of the following is associated with decrease in cardiac output? -
(1) Sympathetic nerves (2) Parasympathetic neural signals
(3) Pneumotaxic centre (4) Adrenal medullary hormones
26. Which of the following conditions cause erythroblastosis fetalis?
(1) Mother Rh+ve and foetus Rh−ve (2) Mother Rh−ve and foetus Rh+ve
(3) Both mother and foetus Rh−ve (4) Both mother and foetus Rh+ve
27. Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of inactive fibrinogens to fibrins?
(1) Renin (2) Epinephrine (3) Thrombokinase (4) Thrombin
28. Persons with 'AB' blood group are called as "Universal recipients". This is due to :-
(1) Absence of antigens A and B in palsma (2) Presence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, on RBCs
(3) Absence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, in plasma (4) Absence of antigens A and B on the surface of RBCs