National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015

Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Common Core State Standards

Common Core State Standards

7.RP.2 Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
7.RP.2b Identify the constant of proportionality (unit rate) in tables, graphs, equations, diagrams, and verbal
descriptions of proportional relationships.
7.RP.2c Represent proportional relationships by equations. For example, if total cost t is proportional to the
number n of items purchased at a constant price p, the relationship between the total cost and the
number of items can be expressed as t = pn.
7.RP.3 Use proportional relationships to solve multistep ratio and percent problems. Examples: simple
interest, tax, markups and markdowns, gratuities and commissions, fees, percent increase and
decrease, percent error.

Mathematical Practices 1, 3, and 4 are aspects of mathematical thinking that are emphasized in every lesson.
Students are given opportunities to be persistent in their problem solving, to express their reasoning, and apply
mathematics to realworld situations.
Exercises 10 focuses on Mathematical Practice 2 Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Exercises 11, 15, and 22 focus on Mathematical Practice 3 Construct viable arguments and critique the
reasoning of others.
Exercises 12, 13, and 14 focus on Mathematical Practice 1 Make sense of problems and persevere in solving
them.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

1 Launch the Lesson

Focus narrowing the scope

Objective Use porportions to solve problems. 7.RP.2, 7.RP.2b, 7.RP.2c, 7.RP.3

Coherence connecting within and across grades

Previous Now Next
Students identified Students will use ratios Students will use tables
proportional and and rates to write and and graphs to dentify
nonproportional solve proportions. constant rates of
relationships. change.

Rigor pursuing concepts, fluency, and applications

See the Levels of Complexity chart in the Practice and Apply section.

Lesson Vocabulary
proportion
cross product

As students enter the classroom, have them complete the Common Core Quick Check to review and assess the
skills presented in the previous lesson.

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Ideas for Use
You may wish to launch the lesson using a whole group, small group, think-pair-share activity, or independent
activity.

Find the Fib Have students work in pairs to complete Exercises 1–3. Then have them write
two facts and one fib about the situation. For example, one fact could be that it costs $10 for 4 smoothies. One fib
could be that it costs $25 for 8 smoothies. Have them trade facts and fibs with another pair. Each pair identifies
the facts and fibs. 1, 3
Alternate Strategy
Have pairs of students use the unit rate to write an equation to solve for x smoothies at y cost.
1, 2, 4, 7
Resources
Chapter 1, Lesson 6 Presentation, Course 2
Common Core Quick Check: Solve Proportional Relationships

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

2 Teach the Concept

Focus: Mathematical Background

There are two ways to tell if two ratios form a proportion. You must either show that the ratios are equivalent
fractions or show that the cross products are equal.
It is usually easier to simplify ratios before finding equivalent fractions or multiplying to find cross products.
A proportion can be written in a variety of ways as long as there is a relationship among the ratios involved.

The McGraw-Hill Professional Development Video Library provides short videos that support Glencoe
Math. The featured video for mathematical content in this lesson is:
Real-World Ratios

For classroom presentation, use the Step-by-Step Examples to demonstrate the examples from the Student
Edition.

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Ask the scaffolded questions for each example to differentiate instruction.

1. Solve a problem using a proportion.

What is the unknown value? the amount of time it will take to raise the temperature another 13

Why do we set up the first fraction as ? After 2 hours, the temperature had risen 7F.

What is the value of each cross product? 7t and 26

Why do we divide each side by 7? to isolate the variable and solve

Can you write this proportion another way? Would it change the results? yes; =

; = ; No, it will not change the results.

Need Another Example?

Solve . 12

2. Solve a problem using a proportion.

What two quantities are we comparing? Type O donors to total donors

What is our unknown value in the proportion? the number of Type O donors if there were 300 total donors

How can we determine the “total donors”? Add the

number of Type O and non-Type O donors given.
Why do we divide both sides of the equation by 80? to isolate the unknown variable, t

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

What is the ratio of non-Type O donors to total donors?

Need Another Example?

A recipe serves 8 people and calls for 3 cups of flour. If you want to make the recipe for 14 people, about

how many cups of flour should you use? ; about 5 cups

3. Write an equation using a unit rate.

What will the variables represent in the equation we need to write? c represents the cost and y represents the
number of yogurts
After you write the equation, what do you need to determine? the cost for 10 yogurts

What do you need to determine before you can write an equation? the unit rate
How will you determine the unit rate (cost of 1 container of yogurt)? Divide the cost of 6 containers of yogurt by

the number of containers, 6;

Why are the unit rate and equation useful? They will allow me to determine the cost for any amount of yogurt
containers.
Translate the equation into words. The total cost for yogurts c, is equal to multiplying the cost for 1 container of
yogurt, $1.28, times the number of yogurts you buy y.
Need Another Example?
Melvin purchased eight T-shirts for $64. Write an equation relating the cost to the number of T-shirts. How
much would it cost to purchase 10 T-shirts? c = 8t; $80

4. Write an equation using a unit rate.

What will the variables represent in the equation we need to write? c represents the cost and g represents the
number of gallons of gas
After you write the equation, what do you need to determine? the cost for 11 gallons of gas

What do you need to determine before you can write the equation? the unit rate (the cost of one gallon of gas)

How can you determine the unit rate? Divide the total cost, $31.12, by the number of gallons, 8;

What is the unit cost for one gallon of gas? $3.89

What is the cost for 11 gallons of gas? $42.79

How can you use the equation to determine the cost for 15 gallons of gas? Replace g with 15 in the equation; the
cost is $58.35.
Need Another Example?
Haley bought 4 pounds of tomatoes for $11.96. Write an equation relating the cost to the number of pounds
of tomatoes. How much would Haley pay for 6 pounds at this same rate? for 10 pounds? c = 2.99p; $17.94;
$29.90

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Alternate Teaching Strategy

If have trouble using proportions to solve problems,
Then use one of these reteach options:
1. Quick Review Math Handbook, pp. 261-263
2. Problem-Based Learning Book 2, Unit D: Proportions and Similarity, Investigation 3: Solve Proportions
3. Students can solve some proportions mentally by using equivalent fractions. For example, give students the

following proportion: . Think: 4 × 5 = 20 and 7 × 5 = 35, so x = 35.

Formative Assessment Use these exercises to assess students' understanding of the concepts in this lesson.

If some of your students are not ready for assignments, use the differentiated activities
below.
Rally Coach Have students work in pairs to complete Exercises 1–5. As one student talks through
their process in completing an exercise, their partner coaches by listening, checking their work, and praising.
Students switch roles with each exercise. 1, 2
Trade-a-Problem Have students write their own real-world problem similar to Exercise 4. Then
have them trade problems with a partner. Each partner solves the other’s problem. Have them check each other’s
work and resolve any differences. 1, 2, 4

Tips for New Teachers

Proportion In the proportion , multiply each side by the product of denominators, b · d. This will

eliminate the denominator on both sides.

Resources
Virtual Manipulatives
Write and Solve a Proportion
Problem-Based Learning Book 2, Unit D, Student Edition: Proportions and Similarity
Problem-Based Learning Book 2, Unit D, Teacher Edition: Proportions and Similarity
Hot Topic 5-5: Ratio and Proportion
Real-World Ratios
Use Unit Rates
Real World Example: Write and Solve a Proportion
BrainPOP: Using Proportions
Write and Solve a Proportion

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

3 Practice & Apply

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Independent Practice and Extra Practice
The Independent Practice pages are meant to be used as the homework assignment. The Extra Practice page can
be used for additional reinforcement or as a second-day assignment.

Levels of Complexity
The levels of the exercises progress from 1 to 3, with Level 1 indicating the lowest level of complexity.

Suggested Assignments
You can use the table below that includes exercises of all complexity levels to select appropriate exercises for
your students' needs.
Differentiated Homework Options

Approaching Level 1–9, 11, 15, 23, 24

On Level 1–9 odd, 10, 11, 15, 23, 24

Beyond Level 10–15, 23, 24

can provide additional remediation support with personalized instruction and practice.

Create Your Own Homework Online

eSolutionsManual™ can be used to create worksheets for the suggested assignments above, or to create your own
worksheets for differentiated homework or review.

The following worksheets are also available for additional homework practice:
The Skills Practice editable worksheet provides students with additional practice in the skills taught in this
lesson.
The Homework Practice editable worksheet helps students practice skills in this lesson and use those skills to
solve problems.
The Problem-Solving Practice editable worksheet helps students become better problem solvers by providing
frequent opportunities to solve real-world problems.
The Extra Practice worksheet provides additional practice for the skills taught in this lesson.

The Step-by-Step Solutions provide a worked out solution for selected exercises from the Independent
Practice in the Student Edition.

Common Error Students may need help setting up a proportion to solve the problem. Have students read the
problem carefully to determine what information is known and what they need to determine.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Resources
Step by Step Solutions: Solve Proportional Relationships
Skills Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Skills Practice Answers: Solve Proportional Relationships
Homework Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Homework Practice Answers: Solve Proportional Relationships
Problem-Solving Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Problem-Solving Practice Answers: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice Answers, Chapter 1
Homework Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Problem-Solving Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Skills Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
eSolutions, Glencoe Math Course 2

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Additional Activities for Differentiated Instruction

Differentiated Instruction activities for Approaching Level, On Level, and Beyond Level Learners can also be
found at point-of-use in the Launch the Lesson and Teach the Concept sections. The following are additional
activities that can be used with this lesson.

The Reteach Worksheet provides additional examples and practice for students who may have difficulty in
grasping the math concepts in this lesson.

Option 1: Intrapersonal Learners Challenge students to solve the following problem: Right triangle ABC

has altitude . The length of altitude can be found using the proportion . What is the

length of altitude ? 15 cm

The Enrich Worksheet provides students with valuable opportunities for extending this lesson.
Resources
Reteach: Solve Proportional Relationships
Reteach Answers: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice Answers, Chapter 1
Reteach: Solve Proportional Relationships
Extra Practice: Solve Proportional Relationships

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Additional Activities for English Learners

Differentiated Instruction activities for English Learners can also be found at point-of-use in the Launch the
Lesson and Teach the Concept sections. The following is an additional activity that can be used with this lesson.

Option 1: Use Chapter 1, Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships from the Interactive Guide for
English Learners.

Word Wall Printable English/Spanish Word Wall cards are available for the following vocabulary words in
this lesson:
corss product
proportion
Resources
Word Wall Cards
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Student Edition, Course 2, Lesson 1-6: Solve Proportional Relationships
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Teacher Edition, Course 2, Lesson 1-6: Solve Proportional Relationships
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Course 2, Teacher Edition
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Course 2, Student Edition
Visual Kinesthetic Vocabulary, Course 2, Student Edition
Visual Kinesthetic Vocabulary, Course 2, Teacher Edition

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Assessment

Formative Assessment
Use this activity as a closing formative assessment before dismissing students from your class.
Have students explain how to solve a proportion to find an unknown value. Cross multiply
and solve the resulting multiplication equation.

Time to update your Foldable!

Students should be able to complete the section in their Foldable about using an equation to represent proportional
and nonproportional relationships. If they are having difficulty coming up with their own examples, they can use
an example or text from this lesson.

The online Self-Check Quiz for this lesson allows students to review concepts from each lesson.

Exercises 23 and 24 prepare students for more rigorous thinking needed when taking the CCSS assessment.
23.
This test item requires students to explain and apply mathematical concepts and solve
problems with precision, while making use of structure.
Depth of Knowledge DOK1
CCSS Content Standard 7.RP.2c, 7.RP.3
Mathematical Practices MP1, MP4
Online Experience Students will be required to type their
response in the box.

Scoring Rubric
1 point Students correctly answer the question.
24.
This test item requires students to analyze and solve complex real-world problems through
the use of mathematical tools and models.
Depth of Knowledge DOK2
CCSS Content Standard 7.RP.2c, 7.RP.3
Mathematical Practices MP1, MP4
Online Experience Students will drag values to correctly set up a
proportion and type their response in the box.

Scoring Rubric
2 point Students set up a correct proportion to
represent the situation AND correctly solve the
proportion.
1 point Students set up a correct proportion to
represent the situation OR correctly solve
the proportion.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

Quick Check
Are students continuing to struggle with solving proportions?
If Yes
Reteach Worksheet
If No
Skills Practice Worksheet
Enrich Worksheet
Differentiated Instruction Option 1

Resources
Self-Check Quiz: Solve Proportional Relationships

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 6: Solve Proportional Relationships

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