National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015

Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

Lesson 8: Slope

Common Core State Standards

Common Core State Standards

7.RP.2 Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
7.RP.2b Identify the constant of proportionality (unit rate) in tables, graphs, equations, diagrams, and verbal
descriptions of proportional relationships.

Mathematical Practices 1, 3, and 4 are aspects of mathematical thinking that are emphasized in every lesson.
Students are given opportunities to be persistent in their problem solving, to express their reasoning, and apply
mathematics to realworld situations.
Exercises 4, 5, 7, and 9 focus on Mathematical Practice 3 Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning
of others.
Exercise 6 focuses on Mathematical Practice 1 Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Exercise 8 focuses on Mathematical Practice 4 Model with mathematics.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

1 Launch the Lesson

Focus narrowing the scope

Objective Identify slope using tables and graphs. 7.RP.2, 7.RP.2b

Coherence connecting within and across grades

Previous Now Next
Students used tables Students will use tables Students will use
and graphs to find a and graphs to find the tables and graphs to
constant rate of change. slope of a line. determine if a situation
is a direct variation.

Rigor pursuing concepts, fluency, and applications

See the Levels of Complexity chart in the Practice and Apply section.

Lesson Vocabulary
slope

As students enter the classroom, have them complete the Common Core Quick Check to review and assess the
skills presented in the previous lesson.

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Ideas for Use
You may wish to launch the lesson using a whole group, small group, think-pair-share activity, or independent
activity.

Team-Pair-Solo Have students work in small teams to complete Exercise 1. Then have them
divide into pairs to complete Exercise 2. Have the complete Exercise 3 on their own. Then have them rejoin their
original team to compare answers and discuss solutions. 1, 4
Alternate Strategies
Students may benefit from a review of how to determine the constant rate of change.
Have students pick two different points to verify that the constant rate of change is the same. 1, 3
Resources
Chapter 1, Lesson 8 Presentation, Course 2
Common Core Quick Check: Slope

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

2 Teach the Concept

For classroom presentation, use the Step-by-Step Examples to demonstrate the examples from the Student
Edition.

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Ask the scaffolded questions for each example to differentiate instruction.

1. Find the slope from a graph and explain what it represents.

What are we asked to do? Graph the data from the table and find the slope. Then explain what the slope
represents.
How do we graph each ordered pair? Start at the origin and locate the x-coordinate. Then locate the y-coordinate
and place a dot at that point.

What ratio can we use to find the slope?

What is the vertical change, change in y? 25 - 15, or 10

What is the horizontal change, change in x? 5 - 3, or 2

What is the slope? , or 5

Will the slope be the same if we chose a different pair of points? Explain. yes; Sample answer: The slope of a line
is always the same, because the line is either increasing or decreasing at the same constant rate.
Need Another Example?
The table below shows the relationship between the number of hours Carlos works and the amount of
money that he earns.

Graph the data. Then find the slope of the line. Explain what the slope represents.

The slope of the graph is 15 and represents the amount earned per hour.

2. Find the slope and what it represents.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

How does the graph show the slope? It is the rate at which the graph increases, or the rise over the run.

What is the rise between each pair of points? $300

What is the run between each pair of points? 1 week
What is the slope? $300 per week

After 10 weeks, what will be Renaldo’s account balance? $3,000

Need Another Example?
Nina drains a 20-gallon aquarium at a rate of 0.5 gallon per minute. Draw a graph of the water in the
aquarium over time. Find the numerical value of the slope and interpret it in words.

; The slope is the rate at which the water drains.

Alternate Teaching Strategy

If students have trouble finding the slope of a line,
Then use one of these reteach options:
1. Quick Review Math Handbook, pp. 275-276
2. Provide students with copies of lines graphed on coordinate grids and color-coordinated forms to fill in for the
slope of each. Have students use colored markers to draw the rise and the run. Then have students calculate the
slope of each line.

Formative Assessment Use these exercises to assess students' understanding of the concepts in this lesson.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

If some of your students are not ready for assignments, use the differentiated activity below.
Pairs Discussion Have students find the constant rate of change from the table and compare it to
the slope of the line in the graph. 1, 7

Teach with Tech

Interactive WhiteBoard Display a graph of a linear relation on the IWB. Have a student use the highlighter tool
to identify two points and trace the rise and run. Have the student give the slope of the line. Repeat with a variety
of lines, including horizontal and vertical.
Resources
Virtual Manipulatives
Slope
Interpret Slope
Real-World Example: Find Slope
Hot Topic 5-8: Slope and Intercept
Websketch: How Slope is Measured
Websketch: How Slope is Measured Answers
Interpret Slope
Real-World Example: Find Slope

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

3 Practice & Apply

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

Independent Practice and Extra Practice
The Independent Practice pages are meant to be used as the homework assignment. The Extra Practice page can
be used for additional reinforcement or as a second-day assignment.

Levels of Complexity
The levels of the exercises progress from 1 to 3, with Level 1 indicating the lowest level of complexity.

Suggested Assignments
You can use the table below that includes exercises of all complexity levels to select appropriate exercises for
your students' needs.
Differentiated Homework Options

Approaching Level 1–3, 5, 7, 8, 15, 16

On Level 1, 3–5, 7, 8, 15, 16

Beyond Level 3–8, 15, 16

can provide additional remediation support with personalized instruction and practice.

Create Your Own Homework Online

eSolutionsManual™ can be used to create worksheets for the suggested assignments above, or to create your own
worksheets for differentiated homework or review.

The following worksheets are also available for additional homework practice:
The Skills Practice editable worksheet provides students with additional practice in the skills taught in this
lesson.
The Homework Practice editable worksheet helps students practice skills in this lesson and use those skills to
solve problems.
The Problem-Solving Practice editable worksheet helps students become better problem solvers by providing
frequent opportunities to solve real-world problems.
The Extra Practice worksheet provides additional practice for the skills taught in this lesson.

The Step-by-Step Solutions provide a worked out solution for selected exercises from the Independent
Practice in the Student Edition.
Additional Answers
11.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

or 25; Joshua swims 25 meters per minute.

12.

; Maggie earns $8 for every 1 hour of babysitting.

13.

or 20; Zack completes 20 homework problems per hour.

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

14.

or 6; The Jackson family rents 6 movies per month.

Common Error Students may have trouble determining the slope because they incorrectly used run over rise.
Have students write down the formula and use different colors to represent the x- and y-values before calculating
the slope.
Resources
Step by Step Solutions: Slope
Skills Practice: Slope
Skills Practice Answers: Slope
Homework Practice: Slope
Homework Practice Answers: Slope
Problem-Solving Practice: Slope
Problem-Solving Practice Answers: Slope
Extra Practice: Slope
Extra Practice Answers, Chapter 1
Chapter 1 Lesson 8 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning Additional Answers
Homework Practice: Slope
Problem-Solving Practice: Slope
Skills Practice: Slope
Extra Practice: Slope
eSolutions, Glencoe Math Course 2

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

Additional Activities for Differentiated Instruction

Differentiated Instruction activities for Approaching Level, On Level, and Beyond Level Learners can also be
found at point-of-use in the Launch the Lesson and Teach the Concept sections. The following are additional
activities that can be used with this lesson.

Option 1: Intrapersonal Learners

Materials: index cards, glue, construction paper
Provide students with index cards on which the following words and/or symbols are written.

Ask students to arrange the cards to match the Key Concept in Lesson 2C, then glue the cards in place on a
piece of construction paper.

Option 2: Visual/Spatial Learners Show students a two- or three-step stepladder. Discuss with students
the vertical change, the horizontal change, and the constant change from one step to the next.

The Reteach Worksheet provides additional examples and practice for students who may have difficulty in
grasping the math concepts in this lesson.

Option 3: Logical Learners

Materials: photocopy of coordinate grid on which is graphed a line with a slope of 1
Help students develop a sense of a "close" estimate for the slope of a line. Provide students with a copy of a
line with a slope of 1. Ask students to use this line to help them estimate slopes greater than and less than 1.
Have students draw two lines on a coordinate grid that rise from left to right and have a slope that is greater
than 1. Have students draw two lines on a coordinate grid that rise from left to right and have a slope that is
less than 1. Then have students calculate the actual slope of their lines.

Option 4: Kinesthetic Learners

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

Materials: number cubes

Pair students. Have each student roll a number cube twice to create an ordered pair. Have pairs graph their
two ordered pairs and connect them with a line. Then have them find the slope of that line. Have students
change partners and repeat.

The Enrich Worksheet provides students with valuable opportunities for extending this lesson.
Resources
Reteach: Slope
Reteach Answers: Slope
Enrich: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
Enrich Answers: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
Reteach: Slope
Enrich: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

Additional Activities for English Learners

Differentiated Instruction activities for English Learners can also be found at point-of-use in the Launch the
Lesson and Teach the Concept sections. The following are additional activities that can be used with this lesson.

Option 1: Use Chapter 1, Lesson 8: Slope from the Interactive Guide for English Learners.

Option 2: Verbal/Linguistic Learners Have students work with native speakers. Have them make a list of
the vocabulary and other terms introduced in the lessons, such as constant rate of change, slope, and rate of
change. Have them discuss the differences between the everyday meanings of the words and the
mathematical meanings they have learned.

Word Wall Printable English/Spanish Word Wall cards are available for the following vocabulary words in
this lesson:
slope
Resources
Word Wall Cards
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Student Edition, Course 2, Lesson 1-8: Slope
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Teacher Edition, Course 2, Lesson 1-8: Slope
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Course 2, Teacher Edition
Interactive Guide for English Learners, Course 2, Student Edition
Visual Kinesthetic Vocabulary, Course 2, Student Edition
Visual Kinesthetic Vocabulary, Course 2, Teacher Edition

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

Assessment

Formative Assessment
Use this activity as a closing formative assessment before dismissing students from your class.
Ask students to give an example of how being able to find the constant rate of change helped
them with this lesson on finding slope. Have them use the writing prompt below. Ask:
Learning how to find the constant rate of change helps me to find the slope because… See
students' work

The online Self-Check Quiz for this lesson allows students to review concepts from each lesson.

Exercises 15 and 16 prepare students for more rigorous thinking needed when taking the CCSS assessment.
15.
This test item requires students to explain and apply mathematical concepts and solve
problems with precision, while making use of structure.
Depth of Knowledge DOK1
CCSS Content Standard 7.RP.2b
Mathematical Practices MP1
Online Experience Students will be required to type their response in the
box.

Scoring Rubric
1 point Students correctly answer the question.
16.
This test item requires student to support their reasoning or evaluate the reasoning of others
by justifying their responses and constructing arguments.
Depth of Knowledge DOK3
CCSS Content Standard 7.RP.2b
Mathematical Practices MP1, MP3
Online Experience Students will draw points on a graph and
connect the points with a line. They will
also type their response in the box.

Scoring Rubric
2 points Students correctly graph the ordered pairs
AND correctly explain what the slope
represents.
1 point Students correctly graph the ordered pairs
OR correctly explain what the slope
represents.
Quick Check
Are students continuing to struggle with slope?
If Yes
Reteach Worksheet

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

Differentiated Instruction Options 1 and 2

If No
Skills Practice Worksheet
Differentiated Instruction Options 3 and 4
Enrich Worksheet

Resources
Self-Check Quiz: Slope

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 National Glencoe Math, Course 2, © 2015
Chapter 1: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
Lesson 8: Slope

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