History of Physical Education

1. (Primitive Society) - Survival of the fittest

2. Ancient Nation,
2.1 China- confined to the military men. Kung Fu
2.2 Indian - “Yoga”
2.3 Persia- developing in their young men military skills,
2.4 Egypt- swimming
2.5 Greece- Gymnastics
A. Greek Philosophers
a. Herodotus- an aid to medicine
b. Galen- part of hygiene and subordinate to medicine.
c. Socrates- physical education attaining health
d. Plato - gymnastics and music
e. Xenophon – (the military) of the mind and body.
f. Aristotle- healthy citizens who would defend Athens
g. Hippocrates- the law of use and disuse
3. Dark Ages - strong healthy and physically morally deteriorated
4. Feudalism - training of knighthood and for self-preservation
5. Middle Ages- The Christian church (Catholicism)
A. St. Thomas Aquinas- recreation social and moral well-being.
6. Renaissance - impact to their bodies and soul.
6.1 Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths - “grandfather of physical education”
6.2 Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel- theory of play
6.3 Friedrich Ludwig Jahn- turnvater-father of gymnastics.
6.4 Adolph Spiess- P.E is progressive that is, from simple exercises to more difficult
7. Education Modern European countries
7.1 Johann Bernhard Basedow (1723-1790)- school called Phelanthropinum the first school in modern Europe
7.2 Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths (1759-1839) - wrote two books Gymnastics that contained illustrations of
various exercises and apparatus.
7.3 Gustaf Nybleus (1816-1902)- specialized in military gymnastics.
7.4 Neil Bukh- introduced Primitive Gymnastics to build the perfect physique.
* Contributors in the development as physical education as early as 20th century.
A. Thomas Dennison Wood - introduced natural gymnastics
B. Clark Helturington -children’s play activities.
C. Jessie Bancroft - physical education as a responsibility of homeroom teachers
D. Jacob Reis -Symbolic of the playground movement in New York.
8. “Physical Education in the Philippines”
a. 1901- Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools
b. 1905- Baseball and track and field were introduced
c. 1909 – The athletic program for the school was inaugurated playing of western sports like tennis.
d. 1910 - Basketball was first introduced
e. 1928- summer for coaching to improve their coaching methods

*Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop students’ physical competence and
knowledge of movement and safety, and their ability to use these to perform in a wide range of activities associated
with the development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
*Physical fitness is an important component to leading a healthy lifestyle.
Functions of Physical Education
1. Physical Development
Through carefully selected physical education activities, an individual who participates actively will develop and
maintain good health and high level of physical fitness.
2. Mental Development
develops his mental capacities as he learns the mechanics principles underlying movements, as he acquires
knowledge and understanding of the rules and strategies of the games and sports, and as he discovers ways of
improving his movements in basketball tournament.
Social Development
development of desirable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life in general.
Some worthwhile traits are:
1. Friendliness 2. Cooperation
3. Respects for the right of others 4. Sportsmanship
5. Honesty in the group activity or competition
4. Emotional Development
acquire pleasant attitudes, desirable habits, appreciations and values. The formal nature of physical activities
offers opportunities for self-expression and emotional mastery.
These are:
1. Self-confidence 2. Self- control determination 3. Self- reliance 4. Courage