GUIDELINES

Mini- Research Paper about Conservation and Preservation of Ecosystem

MINI-TRANSFER 1

I. Title
II. Introduction
A. Story, quote, something of interest
B. Statement of the problems ( your “why” question)
III. Discussion
A. Extent of the problem
1. What has happened
2. Why should we be concerned
B. Who is affected/ how are they affected
1. Examples
2. Stories
3. Facts
C. Cause/ Effect
1. Because of this problem, this has happened…
D. Possible solution
1. What will work
2. What will not work
IV. Conclusion
1. Relate back to intro(story/quote/question)
2. Restate thesis
V. References
1. Include the references used
2. You should have a MINIMUM of three (3) sources for your paper.
 GERONA JUNIOR COLLEGE, INC.
Poblacion 3, Gerona, Tarlac

ENGLISH 7

Mini- Research Paper

(Conservation and Preservation of
Ecosystem)

MINI-TRANSFER 1

Submitted By:

Grade & Section: Grade 7E

Group #: 5
Members: Daphne Althea Francisco
Sienna Anne Mariel Ramos
Kherlyn Joy Rombaoa
Alainah Jane Salise
Ferdinand Lugto Porlucas
Mico Angelo Ramil
 Mini- Research Paper about Conservation and Preservation of Ecosystem
MINI-TRANSFER 1
I. TITLE

Flashfloods and how to prevent them.

II. INTRODUCTION
A. Story, quote, something of interest

Water is one of the most common substances known to man has become a precious commodity.
Water is life. And it is one of the requirements so that man can survive. Our country is blessed with
large numbers of rivers, lakes and streams. Thus, the lack of water has never been a real problem.
Where an obvious shortage exists, the problem is visible to the uneven distribution of rainfall
necessary to replenish water in river, lakes and other bodies of water. Sometimes, excessive
abundance of water can cause trouble. Because of the monsoons, the Philippines has a well-defined
wet season. These are tropical cyclones, thunderstorms, the ITCZ, frontal passage. And these can
bring a large amount of rainfall. Under a certain condition, an excessive rainfall results in a
potentially disastrous phenomenon or what we called Flood.

B. Statement of the problems

Why there is frequent floods in the Philippines?

III. DISCUSSION
A. Extent of the problem
1. What has happened.
Floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, or a storm surge from tropical cyclone or tsunami in
a coastal area. Flooding is caused by the overflowing of rivers lakes and streams, breaks in dikes,
and by uncontrollable releases of water in dam and reservoirs that covers a wide contagious area
and spread rapidly to areas that has lower elevation. The rapid development of the floods is due to
extremely short concentration time of the drainage catchment.
Why does it flood so easily these days? Several Factors combine to make it possible.
1. Climate change. The earths become hotter due to use of green house gases, because the heat
emitted by the sun is trapped in the atmosphere.
 2. Logging. Greedy loggers have severely damaged our forests and most of our mountains are now
bald. Without trees there’s no roots to hold the soil together, that’s why rain waters easily erodes
mountain sides, carrying the topsoil down to the streams and rivers below.
3.Rapid development of Countryside. Due to construction of housing subdivision on what once
rice fields and mountains, construction of more commercial buildings, factories and condominiums
in the city, road widening and making almost all the part of the land covered with nonporous
concrete. That’s why, when rain pours, flood waters cannot pierce the layer to seep the water
through the ground and into the underground. They have stay on top of the concrete and the result
is flood.
4. Inadequate drainage system. Due to poor drainage system, misguided landscape irrigation, and
uncontrollable runoff are typically to blame to such water damage. The problem of blocked drains
occur when foreign materials such as garbage can block the flow of water.
5. Garbage. Specifically the bad habit of many Filipinos to throw their trash anywhere, and
especially in waterways. This trash clogs the drainage pipes and the esteros, which use to very
effective drainage system. This floating garbage also blocks the floodwaters from quickly flowing
into the sea.

B. Who is affected/ how are they affected?

1. Flooding affects people in a multiple way. People suffer a lot of stress during the period of flood
and during the cleanup and recovery. Flooding can damage properties, destroy homes, financial
burden and cause emotion hardship. But coping with floods also can bring together communities.
Fostering camaraderie and goodwill.
2. Last month, a nightmare for a lot of people in Luzon, Cagayan and Isabela happened. Massive
floods occur in the northern part of Cagayan and Isabela, floods and landslides happened, due to
rains brought by typhoon Ulysses and previous tropical cyclones and depression. Local authorities
called it’s the worst in the region in four decades.
3. During the time of crisis and calamity that we are facing, we are tested to dedicate our self for the
sake of other. Camaraderie and compassion is natural to us Filipinos, in spite of challenges that we
have.

C. Cause/ Effect
Many factors can go into the making of a flood. Heavy or prolonged rains, storm, and then there
are the human-driven elements, including how we manage our waterways and alteration we make
to land. And increase of urbanization.  In cities, under-maintained infrastructure can lead to urban
flooding. More and more, flooding factors are also linked to climate change. Climate change, change
a lot our environment and atmosphere, and most especially the wrongdoing of human, improper
use of environment. As a result, massive floods, and destruction of property and life to man and
animals happened. The uncontrollable floods came. We human suffer a lot.

D. Possible solution
1.What will work.
Be a good citizen and always follows rules and stop throwing your garbage anywhere. Let us start
the changes to our self. Let’s clean and unclogged drainage pipes and keep them clear of garbage, so
that our drainage system will improve. Stop illegal logging, let’s plant more trees. Avoid all forms of
burning, so that the emission of greenhouse gases is reduce and stop or slow down the rise of the
temperature of the earth. Less use of motor vehicles instead use bicycle for transportation if your
destination is not far, to lessen pollution. If we will leave more areas for agriculture, park, backyard
gardens and other open spaces to leave rainwater more room to seep into the ground.

2. What will not work.

Improving drainage system specially in urban areas is not so helpful, because of high rise of
urbanization, high volume of construction, a lot of buildings and infrastructure was made. Most of
these infrastructures are build and situated in flood plain, the area adjacent to a river that is
inundated when water rises. A floodplain is fertile land suitable for agriculture, but when people
 transform it into a residential or commercial area, it becomes flood-prone. Therefore, the drainage
system, no matter how well-maintained, can only store water from precipitation itself but not when
the river swells. The same may be said of other areas in the country situated near creeks and rivers.

VI. CONCLUSION
Water is particularly important to us, and to plants and animals to survive. But improper treatment
and usage is not good for the environment. We must learn on how to handle and protect our
environment. Let us keep our water clean, and our environment so that our mother nature will not
be destroyed.
The frequent flood in the Philippines is more to blame to human error, we are responsible for the
consequences. If we are more careful and clean the environment flash floods maybe avoided or
prevented.

VII. REFERENCES

https://opinion.inquirer.net/106142/solve-flooding-problem#ixzzz6g9jphfeE
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learning-
https://sciencing.com
https://ready,gov/floods