MODULE 1

AN OVERVIEW OF ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

INTRODUCTION:
In classical mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate
geometry or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system.
This contrasts with synthetic geometry.
Analytic geometry is used in physics and engineering, and also
in aviation, rocketry, space science, and spaceflight. It is the foundation of most modern
fields of geometry, including algebraic, differential, discrete and computational
geometry.
Usually the Cartesian coordinate system is applied to
manipulate equations for planes, straight lines, and squares, often in two and
sometimes three dimensions. Geometrically, one studies the Euclidean plane (two
dimensions) and Euclidean space (three dimensions). As taught in schoolbooks,
analytic geometry can be explained more simply: it is concerned with defining and being
geometrical shapes numerically and extracting numerical information from shapes'
numerical definitions and representations. That the algebra of the real numbers can be
employed to yield results about the linear continuum of geometry relies on the Cantor–
Dedekind axiom.

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Use the Distance Formula
2. Use the Midpoint Formula
 TOPIC DISCUSSION:
LESSON 1
LESSON 2
 POST-TEST:
2.1 Assess Your Understanding
1. On the real number line, the origin is assigned the number_____________.
2. If -3 and 5 are the coordinates of two points on the real
number line, the distance between these points is________________ .
3. If 3 and 4 are the legs of a right triangle, the hypotenuse is__________.
4. Use the converse of the Pythagorean Theorem to show that
a triangle whose sides are of lengths 11, 60, and 61 is a right
triangle.
5. The area A of a triangle whose base is b and whose altitude is
h is A=__________.
6. True or False Two triangles are congruent if two angles
and the included side of one equal two angles and the included side of the other.
7. If are the coordinates of a point P in the xy-plane, then x is called
the_____________ of P and y is the_________________ of P.
8. The coordinate axes divide the xy-plane into four sections
called________________ .
9. If three distinct points P, Q, and R all lie on a line and if
then Q is called the____________________ of the line segment from P to R.
d(P, Q) = d(Q, R), then Q is called the_______________ of the line segment from P
to R.
10. True or False The distance between two points is sometimes a negative number.
11. True or False The point (-1, 4) lies in quadrant IV of the Cartesian plane.
12. True or False The midpoint of a line segment is found by averaging the x
coordinates and averaging the y-coordinates of the endpoints.
 REFERENCES:
1. Precalculus 9th edition by Michael Sullivan
2. Modern Analytic Geometry by Feliciano and Uy