Aditya Satria Pandu N.

/ 21070118130176
Ari Dwiatno / 21070118130104

Tugas bab 8

9. Suppose tha n=100 random sampels of water from a freshwater lake were taken and the
calcium concentration (miligrams oer liter) measured. A 95% Cl on the mean calcium
concentration is 0,49 ≤ µ≤0,82.
a. Would a 99% Cl calculate from the same sample data be longer or shorter.
b. Consider the following statement: There is a 95% chance that µ is between 0,49 dan
0,82. Is this statement correct? Explain your answer.
c. Consider the following statement: If n=100 random sampel of water from the lake
were taken and the 95% Cl on µ computed and this process were repeated 1000
times , 950 of the Cl’s would contain the true value of µ. Is this statement correct?
Explain your answer.

Answer:
a. 99% Cl pada konsentrasi kalsium akan menjadi lebih panjang karena selang
kepercayaan meningkat dan panjang interval pun meningkat
b. Diketahui bahwa ada 95% kesempatan yang berada pada interval 0,49 dan 0,82.
Statement ini salah karena pengertian yang benar adalah bahwa peluang bahwa µ
berada diantara 0,49 dan 0,82 adalah 1 atau 0.
c. Interpretasi statement tersebut benar. Batas atas dan batas bawah dari batas
kepercayaan adalah variabel acak.

12. The diameters of holes for cable horness is known to have normal distribution with
¿ 0,01 inch . A random sample of size 10 yeitds an average diameter of 1.5045 inch.
Answer
Diketahui : X = 1.5045 dan n = 10
Untuk tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 99%, dengan tingkat kesalahan α = 0,01 didapatkan
nilai Z α/2 = 2.58 , dari Tabel A.2 Montgomery

σ σ
X - Z α/2 . ≤ µ ≤ X + Z α/2 .
√n √n
0.01 0.01
1.5045 – 2.58 x ≤ µ ≤ 1,5+ 2.58 x
√ 10 √ 10
1.4963 ≤ µ ≤ 1,5127

Sehingga, Pada tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 99% didapatkan bahwa rata-rata

Diameter kabel antara 1.4693 inchi hingga 1.5045 inchi.

29. A research engineer for a tire manufacturer is investigating tire lide for a new rubber
compound and has built 16 tires and tested them to end-of-life in a road test. The
 sample mean and standard deviation are 60,139.7 and 3645.94. Finde a 95% confidence
interval on mean tire life.

Answer
x́ = 60139.7 km, σ = 3645.94 km, n = 16.
Now 95% CI on mean tire life is given by
s s
x́ - t α/2, n-1 ≤ µ ≤ x́ + t α/2, n-1 x
√n √n
3645.94 3645.94
60.139.7 – 2.131 ≤ µ ≤ 60139.7 + 2.131
√ 16 √ 16
Maka hasilnya adalah 58197.32 ≤ µ ≤ 62082.075

32. Given = n=7

Determine the t-value by looking in the row starting with degrees of freedom
df = n-1 = 7-1 = 6 and inte the column with (1-c)/2 = (1-95%)/2=0.025 in table V :
tα/2 = 2,365
the confidence interval is :
s s
x́- tα/2 x to x́ + tα/2 x
√n √n
Fill in the known values :
16 16
315 – 2,365 x to 315 + 2,365 x
√7 √7
Simplify :
300,6978 to 329,3022
49. Diketahui:
s = 0.008 mm
n =15
Ditanya :
Find a 99% Lower CB on the standard deviation.
Jawab :
χ 20.05 ,(14)=29.1412
(n−1) s2 2
≤σ
χ 2α ,(n−1)
2 (14) 0.0082
σ ≥
29.1412
2
σ ≥ 0.0000307
σ ≥ 0.0055

52. Compute 95% confidence intervals,using both methods on page 297, for the proportion
of defective items in a prosess when it is found a sampel of size 100 yields 8 defectives.
Answer :
n=100
x=8
 95% confidence level with Z α =Z 0,025 =1,96
2
x 8
Proportion, ^p= = =0,08 and therefore q=0,92
n 100
From method – I, p ϵ ( 0,0268 , 0,1332 )
From method – II, p ϵ ( 0,0411 , 0,15 )

69 Diketahui : x = 13
n = 300
Sample p = x/n = 0.0433
Ditanya : Use data from 8–59, to compute two – sided Agresti Coull C1 on the
proportion of defective circuits ?
Jawab :
By Normal Method :
95% C1 = 0.0433 – 1.96 ¿ ¿
= 0.02 ≤ p ≤0.066
By AgrestiCoull C1,
Z α /22 p(1− p) Z α /22
UCL =
^p +
2N √
+ Z α /2
n
Z α /22
+
4 n2
1+
n
1.96 2 0.0433 x 0.4567 1.962
=
0.0433+
600
+1.96
√
1.96
300
+
360000
1+
300
= 0.0233

Z α /22 p(1− p) Z α /22

LCL =
^p +
2N
−Z α /2
√
Z α /22
n
+
4 n2
1+
n
1.96 2 0.0433 x 0.4567 1.962
=
0.0433+
600
−1.96
√
1.96
300
+
360000
1+
300
= 0.073
The CI obtained in reference problem from generic method is [0,0203≤ p ≤ 0,0664 ¿
while agresif coull CI yields a different result which is actually the exact method. So
95% CI for propostion of defective items is [0,0233≤ p ≤ 0,073 ¿

72. Information on a packet of seeds claims that 93% of them will germinate. Of the 200
seeds that I planted, only 180 germinated. Compute a two-sided Agresti-Coull CI on the
 proportion of correct digits that can be automatically read. Compare and discuss the CI to
the one computed.
Answer:
x = 180
n = 200
X 180
^p= = =0,9
n 200
Referenced interval for 95% two sided confidence is 0,8584 ≤ p ≤0,9416
Using agresi coull method, we get exact 95% confidence interval is
Z 2a/ 2 2
p (1− p) Z a /2

¿
Ṕ+
2n √
± Z a/ 2
n
1+ Z 2a/ 2 /n
+
4 n2

( 1,96 )2 ( 0,9 )( 1−0,9 ) ( 1,96 )2

¿
0,9+
2 ( 200 )
± 1,96
√ 200
+
4 ( 200 )2
( 1,96 )2
1+
200
¿ ¿]
Simply it get exact confidence interval which is 0,764 ≤ p ≤1,05

89. Consider the rainfall data in Exercise 8-35. Compute a 95% tolerance interval that has
conidence level 95%. Compare the length of the tolerance interval with the length of the 95%
CI on the population mean. Discuss the difference in interpretation of these two intervals.
Solution :
From the data given in exercise 8-35, we first compute sample mean and sample standard
deviastion for the sample size of 20. Sample mean
499,2+555,2+398,8+…+558,6 +338,6
x́= =485,75
20
∑ ( x i− x́)2 =90,34
And sample standard deviation s=

Tolerance interval factor, k for n=20 γ

√
N−1
=0,45 and 95% confidance level is ⟶ k=2,752
Tolerance interval = ( x ± ks ) ⟶ [ 485,75 ± 2,752× 90,34 ]=[237,14 , 734,4]
Now we compute 95% two sided CI for which α =0,05∧( n−1 )=19 degrees of freedom for t.
So t α =t 0,025,19=2,093
, nt
2

Resulting CI⟶ ¿)
μ ϵ [443,48 ,528,03]
Tolerance interval captures 95% values (at leat) in normal distribution that’s why it is longer
than confidence level.

92. Information on a packet of seeds claims that 93% of them will germinate. Of the 200
seeds that I planted, only 180 germinated. Compute a two-sided Agresti-Coull CI on the
proportion of correct digits that can be automatically read. Compare and discuss the CI to the
one computed.

Answer:
x = 180
n = 200
X 180
^p= = =0,9
n 200
Referenced interval for 95% two sided confidence is 0,8584 ≤ p ≤0,9416
Using agresi coull method, we get exact 95% confidence interval is
Z 2a/ 2 2
p (1− p) Z a /2

¿
Ṕ+
2n √
± Z a/ 2
2
1+ Z a/ 2 /n
n
+
4 n2

( 1,96 )2 ( 0,9 )( 1−0,9 ) ( 1,96 )2

¿
0,9+
2 ( 200 )
± 1,96
√ 200
+
4 ( 200 )2
( 1,96 )2
1+
200
¿ ¿]
Simply it get exact confidence interval which is 0,764 ≤ p ≤1,05
109. preposition of aircraft displays wrong information = x/n =8/1600 = 0,005
a. 99% CI on preposition of aircraft that have wrong display by error, for which Zx=Z 0,005 =
^p (1− ^p ) ^
= ^p - 2,58 0,005( 1−0,005) = (0,0045, 0,00955)
2,58 is resulted CI ^p ± z α / 2
n √ √
1600
b. given with 99% confidence that sample preposition differs from two value by at most
0,008 ie, E=0,008
sample size in that can would be, n=[ z α / 2/ E]2 p(1-p)
n=[2,58/ 0,008]2 0,005(1-0,005) = 518
a. Now here sample sixe ‘n’ isregardless of preposition. So assume p= 0,5 and z α / 2
=Z0,005= 2,58, E=0,008. Sample size, n > [ z α / 2/ E]2 p(1-p)
n > [2,58/ 0,008]2 0,5(1-0,5) = 26002
b. If we dont know the sample size then we cannot get a precise estimate of ‘p’
depending upon the sample size we get the precise estimates

112. An article in the Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics [“The Validation of
Energy and Protein Intakes by Doubly Labeled Water and 24-Hour Urinary Nitrogen
Excretion in Post-Obese Subjects” (1995, Vol. 8, pp. 51–64)] showed the energy
intake expressed as a basal metabolic rate, BMR (MJ).
5.40 5.67 5.79 6.85 6.92
5.70 6.08 5.48 5.44 5.51
(a) Use a normal probability plot to check the normality assumption.
(b) Find a 99% two-sided conidence interval on the mean BMR.

Answer
∑ xi = 5.4+..+5.51 = 5.884
We find simple mean, x =
√ n 10

∑ ( xi−x ) = 0.5645
Simple standart deviation, s =
√ n−1
∝ s
Since the population standart deviation has 99% CI = x ± t , n-1
2 √n
Here α and (n-1) 9 degree of freedom, t0.005.9 = 3.25
0.5645
Resulting CI -> {5.884 ± 3.25 x } = (5.304, 6.46)
√ 10