Lecture 3

SOFTWARE
Operating System
LECTURE CONTENT
Software and its types
Operating System and its types
Functions of OS
Popular computer OS: Windows, macOS, Linux
Mobile OS types: Android, iOS, Windows phone
 SOFTWARE

Software refers to a program or a set of

instructions and applications used to manage
and control various functions of a device such as
a computer.

There are two main categories of computer

software: 1) system software;
2) application software.
 SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Operating system: harnesses communication between hardware, system

programs, and other applications.
Device driver: enables device communication with the OS and other programs.
Firmware: enables device control and identification.
Translator: translates high-level languages to low-level machine codes.
Utility: ensures optimum functionality of devices and applications.
 APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Word Processor: MS Word, WordPad and Notepad, etc.

Database: Oracle, MS Access, etc.
Spreadsheet: Apple Numbers, Microsoft Excel, etc.
Presentation: Microsoft Power Point, Keynotes
Enterprice Software: Сustomer relationship management system
 THE MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING
SYSTEMS

They provide the interface between the user and hardware through
GUI.
Manages and allocates memory space for applications.
Processes the management of applications, input/output devices, and
instructions.
Configures and manages internal and peripheral devices.
Manages single or multi-user storage in local and network computers.
Security management of files and applications.
Manages input and output devices.
Detects, installs, and troubleshoots devices.
Monitors system performance through Task Manager and other tools.
Produce error messages and troubleshooting options.
Implement interface for network communication.
OS ARE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO:
the number of concurrent users: single-user, multi-user;
the number of processes simultaneously executed under the
control of the system: single-tasking, multi-tasking;
the number of supported processors: uniprocessor,
multiprocessor;
type of interface: command and graphical;
the type of resource use: network, local.
 POPULAR OS TYPES

FOR COMPUTERS FOR SMARTPHONES

WINDOWS 10 Android
Mac OS X iOS
Linux Windows Phone OS
 WINDOWS
Windows installs in one of three options:
Home
Professional
Ultimate
The most successful versions of Windows:
Windows 10 (2015)
Windows 8 (2012)
Windows 7 (2009)
Windows Vista (2007)
Windows XP (2001).
 MAC OS
The latest versions of Mac OS X:
OS X 10.7 Lion (Barolo) - 2011
OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion (Zinfandel) - 2012
OS X 10.9 Mavericks (Cabernet) - 2013
OS X 10.10: Yosemite (Syrah) - 2014
OS X 10.11: El Capitan (Gala) - 2015
macOS 10.12: Sierra (Fuji) - 2016
macOS 10.13: High Sierra (Lobo) - 2017
macOS 10.14: Mojave (Liberty) - 2018
macOS 10.15: Catalina (Jazz) - 2019
macOS 11: Big Sur - currently in beta
 LINUX
Unlike Mac OS, Linux is open source. This allows
the OS to be modified and distributed around
the world. For example, Windows may be
distributed exclusively by Microsoft. The
operating system was named after its creator,
Linus Torvalds. The foundation for Linux was
laid in 1991. Its main versions:
Ubuntu
Mint
Fedora.
 ANDROID
Google released its first Android OS, Astro, in
2008. After a while, new versions were released,
after which the growth in popularity of this OS
did not stop. It is by far the most widely used
operating system. Google Play Market is the
official app store. Most programs on mobile
devices are supported by Android. Almost all
brands of phones work on the basis of this OS,
except for Apple.
 APPLE IOS
Apple iOS was introduced in 2007 with the
release of the first iPhone. Until today, Apple iOS
only runs on Apple products. The system is
constantly being updated and improved.
Unlike Android, Apple focuses on performance
rather than design. This is proven by the reliable
performance of iPhones and their long lifespan.
 WINDOWS PHONE
Windows Mobile is mostly found in Nokia and
Microsoft phones. There have been some
attempts by Samsung and HTC to release
multiple Windows-based versions, but they were
unsuccessful. In general, the OS has its positive
aspects, but its popularity does not go beyond
the users of Nokia and Microsoft. Now new
Nokia models are coming out with Android
support.
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!