LAKSHYA CLASSES MAHUA

CLASS 10. Biology (Heredity)

MCQ type questions:
1. 1. A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short plant (tt) resulted in progeny
that were all tall plants as:
(a) Tallness is the dominant trait
(b) Shortness is the dominant trait
(c) Tallness is the recessive trait
(d) Height of plant is not governed by gene t or t
2. Exchange of genetic material takes place in:
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Asexual reproduction
(c) Sexual reproduction
(d) Budding
3. In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant (tt). The
ratio of pure tall plants to pure short plants in F2 generation will be:
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 2 : 1

4. Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink

and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be:
(a) Double fertilization
(b) Self pollination
(c) Cross fertilization
(d) No fertilization
5. 5. In human males, all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one.
These unpaired chromosomes are:
(i) Large chromosome
(ii) Small chromosome
(iii) Y chromosome
(iv) X chromosome
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) and (ii)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
6. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) For every hormone there is a gene.
(b) For every protein there is a gene.
(c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
(d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene.
7. Which one is a possible progeny in F2 generation of pure bred tall plant
with round seed and dwarf plant with wrinkled seeds?
(a) Tall plant with round seeds
(b) Tall plant with wrinkled seeds
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(c) Dwarf plant with round seed
(d) All of the above

8. If a round, green-seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow
seeded pea plant, (rr YY), the seeds production in F1 generation are:
(a) Round and yellow
(b) Round and green
(c) Wrinkled and green
(d) Wrinkled and yellow
9. The maleness of a child is determined by:
(a) The X chromosome in the zygote
(b) The Y chromosome in the zygote
(c) The cytoplasm of the germ cell which determines the sex
(d) Sex is determined by chance

Assertion-Reason Questions

In each of the following questions, a statements of Assertion (A) is given

followed by a corresponding statement of Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of the (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not correct explanation of the (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
10. Assertion (A) : The sex of a child in human beings will be determined by the
type of chromosome he/she inherits from the father.

Reason (R) : A child who inherits ‘X‘ chromosome from his father would be
a girl (XX), while a child who inherits a ‘Y‘ chromosome from the father
would be a boy (XY).
11. Assertion (A) : Acquired traits cannot be passed from one generation to next
generation.
Reason (R) : Inaccuracy during DNA copying of acquired trait is minimum.
12. Assertion (A) : A single copy of ‘T’ is enough to make the plant tall.
Reason (R) : Tallness trait (T) in Mendel’s experiment is a dominant trait.
13. Assertion (A) : New combination of traits are observed in F2 offspring
when tall plants with round seeds are crossed with short plants with
wrinkled seeds.
Reason (R) : Tallness and round seed are both dominant traits.

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14. Assertion (A) : In human beings, sex of the individual is not genetically
determined.
Reason (R) : The genes inherited from our parents decide whether we will be
boys or girls.
15. Assertion (A) : Inheritance from the previous generation provides subtle
changes in body design for the next generation.
Reason (R) : Greater diversity will be generated if asexual reproduction is
involved.
Passage based questions:
16. Inheritance from the previous generation provides both a common basic
body design, and subtle changes in it, for the next generation. The original
organism at the top will give rise to two individuals, similar in body design
but with subtle differences. Each of them, in turn, will give rise to two
individuals in the next generation. Each of the four individuals in the bottom
row will be different from each other.

While some of these differences will be unique, others will be inherited from
their respective parents who were different from each other. Selection of
variants by environmental factors forms the basis for evolutionary processes.

(A) If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing

species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is
likely to have arisen earlier?
(B) How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival?
(C) Give any 1 factor that could lead to the rise of a new species?
(D) Which of the processes, sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction,
brings about maximum variations in the offsprings ?
3 marks questions:
17. Why do all the gametes formed in human females have an X chromosomes?
18. (A) Why is the F1 progeny always of tall plants when a tall pea plant is
crossed with a short pea plant?
(B) How is F2 progeny obtained by self pollination of F1 progeny diferent
from C1 progeny? Give reason for this observation.
(C) State a conclusion that can be drawn on the basis of this observation..
19. (A) Why did Mendel carry out an experiment to study inheritance of two
traits in garden-pea?
(B)What were his fndings with respect to inheritance of traits in F1 and
F2 generation?

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(C) State the ratio obtained in the F2 generation in the above mentioned
experiment.
20. How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival? Explain
with the help of an example.
21. How did Mendel explain that it is possible that a trait is inherited but not
expressed in an organism?
22. How do Mendel’s experiment show that traits are inherited independently?
23. (A) Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self-
pollinating plant species? Why or why not?
(B) Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of an
organism that reproduces asexually? Why or why not?
5 marks questions:
24. (A) What is the law of dominance of traits? Explain with an example.
(B) Why are the traits acquired during the life time of an individual not
inherited? Explain.
25. (A) What is variation? How is variation created in a population? How does
the creation of variation in a species promote survival?
(B) Explain how, offspring and parents of organisms reproducing sexually
have the same number of chromosomes.

Homework
• Describe any the five distinct characteristics of:
o Arid soil
o Alluvial soil
o Black soil
o Red soil
o Laterite soil
o Mountainous soil
• Why is soil considered as a resource? Explain any five arguments.
• What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give four major features
of this type of soil.
Or,
Describe alluvial soil under the following heads:
1.Formation
2. nutrients and,
3. Distribution
• How can you contribute to minimize the p Explain
• How are human activities responsible for land degradation in India.
• What are the main advantage of India's land under variety of relief features.
• What is Agenda 21 ? List its two principles.
• Define the following:
o Current fallow land
o Other than current fallow land
o Culturable waste land
• Explain three factors responsible for soil formation.

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