SOAL

0.908

D F
J K 2.723
0.908
C G
I L
0.908
A B
H M

1.167 1.167 1.167 1.167 1.167 1.167 1.167

8.17

>> Data-data yang diketahui

- Panjang Bangunan : 25.00 x 8.17 m

- Panjang Bentang Teoritis : 8.17 m

- Atap : Multiroof

- Beban Angin : 50 Kg/m2

- Beban Hidup : 75 Kg
- Kayu Kelas/Mutu : II/A
>>> Menghitung Panjang Batang

2.72333333
** α = Arc Tg .
4.085
α = Arc Tg 0.667
= 33.69 °
** AC = CD = FG = GB =
√ 0.9077778 2
+ 1.167 2

=
√ 0.824 + 1.362
=
√ 2.186
= 1.479 m
** HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m

** AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m

** CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.907777777778 m

** EJ = EK = √ 0.584 2
+ 0.908 2
** DE = EF =
√ 1.079 2
+ 1.167 2

= √ 0.341 + 0.824 = √ 1.165 + 1.3622

= √ 1.165 = √ 2.527
= 1.079 m = 1.590 m

>>> Dimensi Gording

◊ Gaya - gaya pada Gording
** Jarak Antar Gording : 1/2 . 1.479 = 0.739 m
2
** Berat Penutup Atap ( Multiroof ) : 5.38 Kg/m
** Kemiringan Atap : 33.69 °
** Jarak Kuda - kuda : 2.0 m
** Kuda - kuda dari Kayu Kelas/Mutu : Kelas II / Mutu A
- Kayu Jati
> Berat Jenis : 0.70 Gr/Cm3
- Tegangan - tegangan Izin
> σtk // : 100 Kg/Cm2

> σtk // = σt // : 85 Kg/Cm2

> σtk : 25 Kg/Cm2

> τ : 12 Kg/Cm2
◊ Akibat Beban Mati
 » Gording dianggap terletak pada dua perletakan sederhana
¤ Berat Penutup Atap ( Multiroof ) : 5.38 Kg/m2
¤ Berat tiap unit : q1 = 5.38 . 0.739 = 3.977 Kg/m
¤ Berat sendiri gording : q2 = q Kg/m
¤ q Total = q1 + q2
= 3.977 + q Kg/m
¤ qx = q Total . sin α 0.762683
= ( 3.977 + q ) . sin 33.69 °
= 0.5547 . ( 3.977 + q )
= 2.206 + 0.5547 q
¤ qy = q Total . cos α
= ( 3.977 + q ) . cos 33.69 °
= 0.8321 . ( 3.977 + q )
= 3.309 + 0.832 q 0.1

¤ Mx = 1/10 . qy . L2
q 2
= 1/10 . ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) . 2.0
= 1/10 . ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) . 4
= 1.324 + 0.333 q Kg.m
2
¤ My = 1/10 . qx . L
L L L = 1/10 . ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) . 2.0 2

= 1/10 . ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) . 4

= 0.883 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 1/2 . qy . L
= 1/2 . ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) . 2.0
= 3.309 + 0.832 q Kg.m

M max = 101 . qL² ¤ Qy = 1/2 . qx . L

= 1/2 . ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) . 2.0
= 2.206 + 0.555 q Kg.m

◊ Akibat Beban Hidup ( P= 75 Kg)

¤ Px = P sin α
 = 75 . sin 33.69
= 75 . 0.5547
= 41.603 Kg 41.603

¤ Py = P cos α
= 75 . cos 33.69
= 75 . 0.832
= 62.404 Kg

P P P ¤ Mx = 1/5 . Py . L 0.2
= 1/5 . 62.404 . 2.0
= 24.962
¤ My = 1/5 . Px . L
L L L = 1/5 . 41.603 . 2.0
= 16.641

¤ Qx = Py / 2
= 62.404 / 2
= 31.201886
¤ Qy = Px / 2
M max = 51 PL = 41.603 / 2
= 20.8012574
◊ Akibat Beban Angin ( W= 50 Kg/m2)
→ Angin Tekan
α = 33.69 °
» Untuk α < 65 °, Maka :
c = 0.02 . α - 0.4
= 0.02 . 33.69 - 0.4
= 0.274
» W Tekan = 0.274 . 50 = 13.690 Kg/m2
» q Tekan = 13.690 . 0.739 = 10.121 Kg/m2
→ Angin hisap
» Untuk α < 65 ° ; c = -0.4 Maka :
» W hisap = -0.4 . 50 = -20.00 Kg/m2
» q hisap = -20.0 . 0.739 = -14.79 Kg/m2

→ Momen bidang atap ( arah Y )

¤ Mx = 1/10 . q Tekan . L2
= 1/10 . 10.121 . 2.0 2
= 1/10 . 10.121 . 4.0
 = 4.048 Kg.m
¤ My = 0
¤ Qx = 1/2 . q Tekan . L
= 1/2 . 10.121 . 2.0
= 10.121 Kg
¤ Qy = 0

→ Kombinasi Pembebanan
~ Beban Mati + Beban Hidup
¤ Mx = ( 1.324 + 0.333 q ) + 24.962 = 26.285 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 0.883 + 0.222 q ) + 16.641 = 17.524 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) + 31.202 = 34.511 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) + 20.801 = 23.008 + 0.555 q Kg
~ Beban Mati + Beban Angin
¤ Mx = ( 1.324 + 0.333 q ) + 4.048 = 5.372 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 0.883 + 0.222 q ) + 0 = 0.883 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 3.309 + 0.832 q ) + 10.121 = 13.431 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 2.206 + 0.555 q ) + 0 = 2.206 + 0.555 q Kg
~ Yang dipakai dalam desain adalah yg terbesar
¤ Mx = 26.285 + 0.333 q Kg.m
¤ My = 17.524 + 0.222 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 34.511 + 0.832 q Kg
¤ Qy = 23.008 + 0.555 q Kg

>>> Menentukan Ukuran Gording

◊ Ukuran Gording = bxh ≈ diambil b = 2/3 h

1 1 2 1
» Ix =
12
b . h3 =
12
( 3
h ) . h3 =
18
h4

1 1 2 2
» Iy =
12
b3 . h =
12
( 3
h ) 3 . h =
81
h4

1 1 2 1
» Wx =
6
b . h2 =
6
( 3
h ) . h2 =
9
h3

1 1 2 2
» Wy =
6
b2 . h =
6
( 3
h ) 2 . h =
27
h3

◊ Berat Jenis Kayu = 0.70 Gr/Cm3 = 0.0007 Kg/Cm3

◊ Berat Gording = q2 = q = b x h 0.666667

BJ = 2/3 . h . h . 0.0007 = 0.00047 h2 Kg/Cm 359
¤ Mx = 26.285 + 0.333 q Kg.m
= 26.285 + 0.333 . 0.00047 h2
 = 2628.529
= 2628.529
¤ My = 17.524
= 17.524
1752.4
1752.4
+ 33.28 . 0.00047 h2
+ 0.016 h2
+ 0.222 q Kg.m
+ 0.222 . 0.00047 h2
+ 22.2 . 0.00047 h2
+ 0.010 h2

◊ Menentukan Harga h dari rumus tegangan lentur

Mx My
¤ σLt = + ≤ σ Lt = 100 Kg/Cm2
Wx Wy
2628.5 + 0.016 h2 1752.4 + 0.010 h2
= ( 1/9 h3
) + ( 2/27 h3
)
23656.7578 0.140 23656.7578 0.140
= ( h 3
+
h
) + ( h 3
+
h
)
47313.5 0.280
σLt =
3
+
h h
≈ σLt ≤ σ Lt = 100 Kg/Cm2

¤ Menghitung Harga h dengan cara coba - coba

Harga h σLt b =2/3 h

( Cm ) ( Kg/Cm2 ) ( Cm )
12 27.404 8
h = 12 cm
15 14.037 10
18 8.128 12
b = 8 cm

Dari Hasil Perhitungan diatas diambil h = 12 Cm dan b = 8 Cm

dimana : σLt = 27.404 < σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm2 OK

→ Sehingga diperoleh :

¤ Mx = 2628.529 + 0.016 . ( 12 )2 = 2630.765 Kg.m

¤ My = 1752.352 + 0.010 . ( 12 )2 = 1753.843 Kg.m
¤ Qx = 34.511 + 0.832 . 0.00047 . ( 12 )2 = 34.567 Kg
¤ Qy = 23.008 + 0.555 . 0.00047 . ( 12 )2 = 23.045 Kg
¤ Px = 41.603 Kg
 ¤ Py = 62.404 Kg
¤ Ix = 1/12 . 8 . 12 3 = 1152 Cm4
¤ Iy = 1/12 . 8 3 . 12 = 512 Cm4
¤ Wx = 1/6 . 8 . 12 2 = 192 Cm4
¤ Wy = 1/6 . 8 2 . 12 = 128 Cm4
¤ qx = 0.02206 + 0.00555 . 0.00047 . ( 12 )2 = 0.022 Kg/Cm'
¤ qy = 0.03309 + 0.00832 . 0.00047 . ( 12 )2 = 0.034 Kg/Cm'

◊ Kontrol Tegangan Lentur; Tegangan Geser; dan Lendutan

A. Tegangan Lentur (σ Lt)

Mx My
¤ σLt = +
Wx Wy
2630.765 1753.843
= +
192 128

= 27.404 Kg/Cm2

→ Kontrol
σLt = 27.404 ≤ σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Tegangan Geser ( ζ )

¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2

3 Qx 3 Qy
==> ζx = . ==> ζx = .
2 b . h 2 b . h
3 34.567 3 23.045
= . = .
2 8 . 12 2 8 . 12
3 34.567 3 23.045
= . = .
2 96 2 96
103.701732 69.1344877
= = 0.5401 Kg/Cm2 = = 0.3601 Kg/Cm2
192 192
 ¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2

= √ 0.5401 2 + 0.3601 2

= √ 0.292 + 0.130

=
√ 0.421

= 0.649 Kg/Cm2

→ Kontrol
ζ ≤ ζ ======> 0.649 ≤ 12 Kg/Cm2 OK

B. Kontrol Lendutan ( δ )

L
¤ δ =
200 ¤ Kayu Kelas II

200 E = 100000 Kg/Cm3

= = 1 Cm
200

2.7 . qy . L 4 Py . L 3
¤ δx = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E Ix

2.7 . 0.033 . 200 4 62.404 . 200 3

= +
384 . 10 5 . 1152 48 . 10 5 . 1152

= 0.003 + 0.090

= 0.094 Cm

2.7 . qx . L 4 Px . L 3
¤ δy = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E Iy

2.7 . 0.02206 . 200 4 41.603 . 200 3

= +
384 . 10 5 . 512 48 . 10 5 . 512

= 0.005 + 0.135

= 0.140 Cm
¤ δ = √ δx2 + δy2

= √ 0.0935 2 + 0.1403 2

= √ 0.009 + 0.020

= 0.169 Cm

→ Kontrol
δ ≤ δ ======> 0.169 ≤ 1 Cm OK

Jadi, Gording 8/12 mampu memikul beban - beban yang ada

PERHITUNGAN KUDA - KUDA

Beban - beban yang bekerja pada kostruksi :

A. Beban kostruksi
- beban atap
- beban kuda - kuda
- beban gording

B. Beban angin
C. Beban tak terduga

A. Beban kostruksi
- Beban atap
Panjang overstek = 1
m Jarak antar titik kumpul = 1.478608448
786
1.4 Berat atap = 5.38
Jarak kap = 2
1m
Beban atap kuda - kuda
J = 1.478608448 * 5.38 * 2 =

overstek Beban overstek = 1 * 5.38

= 10.76 Kg

Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A dan B = 15.9098269 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 15.9098269 + 10.76 = 18.71491345 Kg

- Beban sendiri kuda - kuda

Rumus penaksiran :
(L+2)*L*B (L+5)*L*B
P = S/d
( n - 1) ( n - 1)

Agar kostruksi aman diambil :

(L+ 3 )*L*B P = Beban yang dipikul tiap titik simpul
P =
(n-1) L = Panjang bentang = 8.17
n = Jumlah titik simpul = 4

( 8.17 + 3 ) * 8.17 * 2
P = = 60.839266667 Kg
( 4 - 1 )

Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A dan B = 60.83926667 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 60.83926667 = 30.41963333 Kg

- Berat gording
Berat gording dengan B = 2 dan dimensi 8 / 12 adalah :
b * h * B * gk = 0.08 * 0.12 * 2 * 0.8 = 0.01536 Kg

Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di J, R dan N = 0.01536 Kg
Beban di titik J dan R = 3/2 * 0.01536 = 0.02304 Kg
Beban di titik N = 3* 0.01536 = 0.04608 Kg

Total beban kostruksi :

 Beban atap Berat kuda 2x Berat gording Total
Titik kumpul
( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg )
A dan B 18.7149134508036 30.4196333333333 0.02304 49.157586784137
E 15.9098269016072 60.8392666666667 0.04608 76.795173568274
C,D,F,G 15.9098269016072 60.8392666666667 0.01536 76.764453568274
JUMLAH 202.71721392069

B. Beban Angin
Untuk beban angin diambil : 50 Kg / m2
- Angin tekan
Q1 = c1 * b * B * P
= 0.273801351 * 1.478608448 * 2 * 50
= 40.484499 Kg

Pada overstek : = c1 * Panjang overstek * B * P

= 0.273801351 * 1 * 2 * 50
= 27.38013505 Kg

Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A, B dan E = 40.484499 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * 40.484499 + 27.38013505 = 47.62238455 Kg
Beban di titik N = 1/2 * 40.484499 = 20.2422495 Kg

- Angin hisap
Q2 = c2 * b * B * P
= -0.4 * 1.478608448 * 2 * 50
= -59.1443379 Kg

Pada overstek : = c2 * Panjang overstek * B * P

= -0.4 * 1 * 2 * 50
= -40 Kg

Jadi beban pada tiap titik simpul atap selain di A, B dan E = -59.1443379 Kg
Beban di titik A dan B = 1/2 * -59.1443379 + ( -40 )= -69.572169 Kg
Beban di titik N = 1/2 * -59.1443379 = -29.572169 Kg

C. Beban tak terduga

Pada titik simpul atap beban bekerja sebesar = 100 Kg

 1 m
1.478608448 m
5.38 Kg/m2
2 m

= 15.9098269 Kg

5.38 * 2
Kg

8.17 m
4 m

Kg
>>> Menghitung Gaya - gaya Batang
E Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.479 m

Gording
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m
Atap Seng

D F Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
J K 2.7
C G Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.908 m
I L
Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
A H M B
7 x 1.167 Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m

◊ Tinjauan 1/2 Konstruksi ( Simetris )

¤ Tampak Atas

Berat Jenis Kayu = 0.70 Gr/Cm3

Luas Pembebanan

2.0

A C D E F 2.0

2.0
Gording

0.944 Kuda - kuda ###

1.888 1.888 2.637 2.637

»» Dianggap gaya-gaya bekerja terpusat pada titik simpul

◊ Akibat Beban Sendiri (BebanMati)
¤ Berat Penutup Atap seng
*) Berat multiruf = 5.38 Kg
*) Beban pada seng
*) P1 = Luas daerah Pembebanan x Beban Seng
¤ Berat Gording (8/12)
*) Beban pada Simpul
*) P2 = Panjang Gording x Luas Penampang Gording x Berat Jenis
¤ Berat Kuda - kuda (Diambil ukuran 20/26)
*) Beban pada Simpul
*) P3 = Panjang Batang terhadap titik yg ditinjau x Luas Penampang Kuda-kuda x Berat Jenis Kayu

¤ Luas Bidang Pembebanan

*) Simpul A = 0.739 . 2.0 = 1.479 M2
*) Simpul C = 1.479 . 2.0 = 2.957 M2
*) Simpul D = ( 0.739 + 1.167 ) . 2.0 = 3.813 M2
*) Simpul E = 1.590 . 2.0 = 3.179 M2
¤ Berat Penutup Atap (P1)
*) Simpul A,B = 1.479 . 5.38 = 7.95 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 2.957 . 5.38 = 15.91 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 3.813 . 5.38 = 20.51 Kg
 *) Simpul E = 3.179 . 5.38 = 17.10 Kg
¤ Berat Sendiri Gording (P2)
*) Simpul A,B = 2.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 13.44 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 2.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 13.44 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 2.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 13.44 Kg
*) Simpul E = 2.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 13.44 Kg
¤ Berat Kuda - kuda (P3)
*) Simpul A,B = 2.09 . 0.0520 . 700 = 76.06 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 5.48 . 0.0520 . 700 = 199.36 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 6.23 . 0.0520 . 700 = 226.64 Kg
*) Simpul E = 4.72 . 0.0520 . 700 = 171.71 Kg
¤ Total Pembebanan
>> P total = P1 + P2 + P3
*) Simpul A,B = 28.31 + 20.16 + 76.06 = 124.529 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 56.63 + 20.16 + 199.36 = 276.147 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 67.87 + 20.16 + 226.64 = 314.668 Kg
*) Simpul E = 79.11 + 20.16 + 171.71 = 270.981 Kg

F
D
J K 2.72
G
C
I L

A B
H M

8.02

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
>> Karena Simetris, Maka :
VA = VB = Ptotal Simpul AB + Ptotal Simpul CG + Ptotal Simpul DF + 1/2 . Ptotal Simpul E
= 124.529 + 276.147 + 314.668 + 135.490
= 850.834 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Terpusat/Hidup ( P= 75 Kg)
75 Kg

75 Kg 75 Kg

2.72
75 Kg 75 Kg
D F
J K

75 Kg G 75 Kg
C
I L

A B
H M
8.17

VA VB

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
VA = VB = ( 2 . 75 ) + ( 1/2 . 75 )
= 150 + 37.5
= 187.5 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kiri
 >> W tekan = 13.690 Kg/m2
*) Simpul A = 13.690 . 1.479 = 20.24 Kg
*) Simpul C = 13.690 . 2.957 = 40.48 Kg
*) Simpul D = 13.690 . 3.813 = 52.20 Kg
*) Simpul EKiri = 13.690 . 3.179 = 43.52 Kg

>> W hisap = -20.0 Kg/m2

*) Simpul Ekanan = -20.0 . 3.179 = 63.58 Kg
*) Simpul F = -20.0 . 3.813 = 76.26 Kg
*) Simpul G = -20.0 . 2.957 = 59.14 Kg
*) Simpul B = -20.0 . 1.479 = 29.57 Kg
65,95 Kg
78.18 Kg

108,90 Kg
α = 33.69 °
129,10 Kg

85,90 Kg D
J K
F
101,84 Kg
2.72
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg

A B
8.17
H M

VA VB

** Rumus : *) Px = P . Sin α Sin α = 0.555

*) Py = P . Cos α Cos α = 0.832
>>> P = 20.24 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 63.58 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α
= 20.24 . sin 33.69 = 63.58 . sin 33.69
= 20.24 . 0.555 = 63.58 . 0.555
= 11.228 Kg = 35.270 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 20.24 . Cos 33.69 = 63.58 . Cos 33.69
 = 20.24 . 0.832 = 63.58 . 0.832
= 16.843 Kg = 52.905 Kg

>>> P = 40.48 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 76.26 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 40.48 . sin 33.69 = 76.26 . sin 33.69
= 40.48 . 0.555 = 76.26 . 0.555
= 22.457 Kg = 42.300 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 40.48 . Cos 33.69 = 76.26 . Cos 33.69
= 40.48 . 0.832 = 76.26 . 0.832
= 33.685 Kg = 63.450 Kg

>>> P = 52.20 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 59.14 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 52.20 . sin 33.69 = 59.14 . sin 33.69
= 52.20 . 0.555 = 59.14 . 0.555
= 28.955 Kg = 32.807 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 52.20 . Cos 33.69 = 59.14 . Cos 33.69
= 52.20 . 0.832 = 59.14 . 0.832
= 43.432 Kg = 49.211 Kg

>>> P = 43.52 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 29.57 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 43.52 . sin 33.69 = 29.57 . sin 33.69
= 43.52 . 0.555 = 29.57 . 0.555
= 24.143 Kg = 16.404 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 43.52 . Cos 33.69 = 29.57 . Cos 33.69
= 43.52 . 0.832 = 29.57 . 0.832
= 36.214 Kg = 24.606 Kg

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
==> Σ MB = 0
= VA . 8.17 - 16.843 . 8.17 - 33.685 . 7.003 - 43.432 . 5.836 - 36.214 . 4.09 + 52.905 . 4.09 +
63.450 . 2.334 + 49.211 . 1.17 = 0.00
= VA . 8.17 - 137.604 - 235.892 - 253.457 - 147.933 + 216.118 + 148.111 + 57.436 = 0
= VA . 8.17 - -353.221 = 0.00
= VA . 8.17 = -353.221
353.221
VA =
8.17
= 43.234 ( ↑ )
==> Σ MA = 0
= -VB . 8.17 - 24.606 . 8.17 - 49.211 . 7.003 - 63.450 . 5.836 - 52.905 . 4.09 + 36.214 . 4.09 +
43.432 . 2.334 + 33.685 . 1.17 = 0.00
= -VB . 8.17 - 201.027 - 344.618 - 370.278 - 216.118 + 147.933 + 101.383 + 39.315 = 0
= -VB . 8.17 - -843.410 = 0.00
= VB . 8.17 = -843.410
843.410
VB =
-8.17
= -103.23 ( ↓ )
==> Σ H = 0
HA - 11.228 - 22.457 - 28.955 - 24.143 - 35.270 - 42.300 - 32.807 - 16.404 = 0.00
HA - -213.564
HA = 213.564 (→)
@) Kontrol
==> Σ V = 0
43.234 - 103.23 - 16.843 - 33.685 - 43.432 - 36.214 + 52.905 + 63.450 + 49.211 + 24.606 = 0
0.00 = 0.00 OK

◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kanan 65,95 Kg

78.18 Kg

108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg

F
D
2.72
85,90 Kg
J K 101,84 Kg

G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg

A M B
H
8.17

¤ Reaksi Perletakan VA VB

==> VA = 43.23 ( ↑ )
VB = -103.23 ( ↓ )
HA = 213.56 ( → )
◊ Akibat Beban Mati

76.764 Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.4786 m

Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m
E
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
VI
76.764 76.76
V
3
4
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.908 m
19
18

76.764 IV
F
76.76 Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
D 20
17 10
K
II
III
2 16
J VI
21
5
5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m
11 9
49.158 C
V 22 G 49.158
I
1
15
12
I L 6
P Simpul A,B = 49.158 Kg
IV 23
14 8

A
III
B P Simpul C,G = 76.764 Kg
13 H II M 7

P Simpul D,F = 76.764 Kg

I
8.02

P Simpul E = 76.764 Kg
RA= 202.717 RB= 202.717
1 1.167

√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
0.908 2 + 1.167 2 0.908 2 + 1.167 2
1 1.167
= = 0.676 = = 0.789
√ 2.186 √ 2.186

¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 - S1 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S1 . 0.789 = 0
= -S1 . 0.789 = 179.226
179.226
S1 = = -227.055 Kg (Tekan)
-0.789
==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S13 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S13 . 0.908 = 0
= S13 . 0.908 = 179.226
-179.226
S13 = = 197.43 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S12 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 - S1 . 0.717 = 0
= -S12 . 0.717 = 179.226
-179.226
S12 = = 250.12 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 250.12 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 197.434 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 = 197.434
S14 = 197.434
= -169.16 Kg (Tekan)
-1.167
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 + 76.764 . 1.167 + S2 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 + 89.595 + S2 . 0.789 = 0
= S2 . 0.789 = 448.047
448.047
S2 = = -567.61 Kg (Tekan)
-0.789
==> Σ MH = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 + S15 . 0.908 - 567.61 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 + S15 . 0.908 - 406.73 = 0
= -S15 . 0.908 = 227.501
227.501
S15 = = 250.61 Kg (Tarik)
0.908

¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 - 76.764 . 1.167 - S11 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 - 89.5950837 - S11 . 0.717 = 0
= S11 . 0.717 = 268.857
268.857
S11 = = 375.21 Kg (Tarik)
0.717

==> Σ MC = 0
= 202.717 . 1.167 - 49.158 . 1.167 - S16 . 1.167 + 375.21 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 236.600 - 57.374 + 296.170458 - S16 . 1.167 = 0
= S16 . 1.167 = 475.396
475.396
S16 = = 407.32 Kg (Tarik)
1.167

¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 202.717 . 3.501 - 49.158 . 3.501 - 76.764 . 2.334 - 407.316 . 1.167 + S3 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 709.800 - 172.122 - 179.190167 - 475.39648 + S3 . 0.789 = 0
= S3 . 0.789 = 116.909
116.909
S11 = = 192.60 Kg (Tekan)
0.607

==> Σ MI = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 - 76.764 . 1.167 - S17 . 0.908 + 192.60 . 0.676 . 0.908 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 - 89.5950837 - S17 . 0.908 + 118.25 = 0
= S17 . 0.908 = 387.102
387.102
S17 = = 426.43 Kg (Tarik)
0.908
 ¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 202.717 . 4.085 - 49.158 . 4.085 - 76.764 . 2.918 - 426.428 . 1.751 - S10 . 0.908 = 0
= 828.100 - 200.809 - 223.987709 - 746.55 - S10 . 0.908 = 0
= S10 . 0.908 = 343.251
343.251
S10 = = -378.12 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908

==> Σ MD = 0
= 202.717 . 2.334 - 49.158 . 2.334 + 76.764 . 1.167 - S18 . 0.789 . 1.167 = 0
= 473.200 - 114.748 + 89.5950837 - S18 . 0.921 = 0
= S18 . 0.921 = 448.047
448.047
S18 = = 486.33 Kg (Tarik)
0.921
Karena Struktur Rangka atap simetris, maka gaya-gaya batang disebelah kanan sama dengan batang-batang disebelah kiri

◊ Akibat Beban Hidup ( P= 75 Kg)

75 Kg
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.4786 m
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.479 m
E

75 Kg VI 75 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.167 m
V
3
18
19 4 Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 0.908 m
Panjang EJ = EK = 1.079 m
75 Kg 75 Kg
IV
D 20 F
III
17
J VI
10
K 2.7
Panjang DE = EF = 1.590 m
5
2 21
16
II 11 9 75 Kg
75 Kg
C
V 22 G
I
1
15
12
I
IV
L 6 P Simpul A,B = 49.158 Kg
23
14 8

A
III
B
P Simpul C,G = 76.764 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
8.17 P Simpul D,F = 76.764 Kg
P Simpul E = 76.764 Kg

RA= 187.50 RB= 187.50

1 1.167

√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
0.908 2 + 1.167 2 0.908 2 + 1.167 2
1 1.167
= =
√2.186 √2.186
= 0.676 = 0.789
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 187.5 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S1 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 - S1 . 0.789 = 0
= -S1 . 0.789 = 131.304
131.304
S1 = = 166.34 Kg (Tekan)
0.789

==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S13 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 - S13 . 0.908 = 0
= S13 . 0.908 = 131.304
-131.304
S13 = = 144.64 Kg (Tarik)
-0.908

¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S12 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + S12 . 0.717 = 0
= -S12 . 0.717 = 131.304
-131.304
S12 = = 183.24 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717

==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 183.24 . 0.676 . 1.146 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 - 123.929 = 0
= -S14 . 1.167 = 123.929
S14 = 123.929
= -106.18 Kg (Tekan)
-1.167

¤ Potongan III - III

==> Σ MI = 0
= 187.50 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S2 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 437.679 - 175.071 - 87.536 + S2 . 0.789 = 0
= S2 . 0.789 = 175.071
-175.071
S2 = = -221.79 Kg (Tekan)
0.789

==> Σ MH = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 + S15 . 0.908 - 221.79 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + S15 . 0.908 - 158.93 = 0
= -S15 . 0.908 = -27.622
27.622
S15 = = 30.43 Kg (Tarik)
0.908
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 187.50 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 2.334 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S11 . 0.789 . 0.908 = 0
= 437.679 - 175.071 - 87.5 - S11 . 0.717 = 0
= S11 . 0.717 = 175.071
-175.071
S11 = = 244.32 Kg (Tarik)
-0.717

==> Σ MC = 0
= 187.50 . 1.167 - 75.0 . 1.167 - S16 . 1.167 + 244.32 . 0.676 . 1.167 = 0
= 218.839 - 87.536 + 192.857143 - S16 . 1.167 = 0
= S16 . 1.146 = 324.161
-324.161
S16 = = 282.93 Kg (Tarik)
-1.146

¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 297.50 . 3.437 - 85.0 . 3.437 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 + S3 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 1022.550 - 292.157 - 194.771429 - 97.385714 + S3 . 0.607 = 0
= S3 . 0.607 = 438.236
438.236
S11 = = 721.97 Kg (Tekan)
0.607

==> Σ MI = 0
= 297.50 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 - S17 . 1.50 + -721.97 . 0.530 . 1.5 = 0
= 681.700 - 194.771 - 97.3857143 - S17 . 1.500 + -573.75 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -184.207
184.207
S17 = = -122.80 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5

¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 297.50 . 4.583 - 85.0 . 4.583 - 85.0 . 2.864 - 85.0 . 1.719 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= 1363.400 - 389.543 - 243.464286 - 146.08 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 584.314
-584.314
S10 = = 389.54 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5

==> Σ MD = 0
= 297.500 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 2.291 - 85.0 . 1.146 - S18 . 0.607 . 1.146 = 0
= 681.700 - 194.771 + 97.3857143 - S18 . 0.695 = 0
= S18 . 0.695 = 389.543
-389.543
S18 = = 560.13 Kg (Tarik)
-0.695
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.89 m
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.89 m

52 ,7 5 8 K g
62 ,5 47 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.146 m
E
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5 m
46,91 Kg
39,568 Kg

VI XII Panjang EJ = EK = 2.080 m

87 ,11 8 K g

10 3 ,2 8 K g
V
3
19 4 XI Panjang DE = EF = 2.637 m
18

IV D F 77,461 Kg Px Simpul A = 75.973 Kg Px Simpul Eka = 67.8843 Kg

65,338 Kg 20
5.0
6 8,7 20 K g

81 ,4 7 K g
10 X
K
Py Simpul Eka
17
III J VI XII
21 5
IX Py Simpul A = 60.930 Kg = 54.4432 Kg
2 16
II 11
Px Simpul C = 151.946 Kg Px Simpul F = 116.475 Kg
9
C V XI G 61,103 Kg
51,540 Kg 22

40 ,73 5 K g
I
3 4 ,3 60 K g

VIII
I 15 L VII
1
14
12 IV X 23
6
Py Simpul C = 121.861 Kg Py Simpul F = 93.4132 Kg
8

25,770 Kg
III
HA = 846.301 IX 30,551 Kg
Px Simpul D = 182.111 Kg Px Simpul G = 97.1819 Kg
A 13 H M 7 B
I
II VIII
VII Py Simpul D = 146.053 Kg Py Simpul G = 77.9399 Kg

8.02 Px Simpul Eki = 106.138 Kg Px Simpul B = 48.591 Kg

Py Simpul Eki = 85.123 Kg Py Simpul B = 38.9699 Kg

RA = 236.069 RB = 74.965
###
1 1.146

√ √
Sin α = Cos α =
1.5 2 + 1.146 2 1.5 2 + 1.146 2
1 1.1457
= = 0.530 = = 0.607
√3.563 √3.563
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 - S1 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 270.467 - 69.809 - S1 . 0.607 = 0
= -S1 . 0.607 = 200.659
200.659
S1 = = -330.57 Kg
-0.607

==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 60.930 . 1.146 - 75.973 . 1.5 - S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 + 1269.452 - 69.80868 - 113.959 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1356.151
-1356.151
S13 = = 904.10 Kg
-1.5
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 60.930 . 1.146 - 75.973 . 1.5 - S12 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 + 1269.452 - 69.80868 - 113.959 - S12 . 0.911 = 0
= S12 . 0.911 = 1356.151
-1356.151
S12 = = 1489.46 Kg
-0.911
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 - 1489.46 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 - 904.101 = 0
= -S14 . 1.146 = 904.101
S14 = 904.101
= -789.12 Kg
-1.146
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 + 846.30 . 1.5 - 75.973 . 1.5 + S2 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 + 1269.452 - 113.959 + S2 . 0.607 = 0
= S2 . 0.607 = 1556.810
1556.810
S2 = = -2564.76 Kg
-0.607
==> Σ MH = 0
= 236.07 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 + 151.946 . 1.5 + S15 . 1.5 - 2564.76 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 270.467 - 69.809 + 227.919 + S15 . 1.5 - 2335.21 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 1906.637
-1906.637
S15 = = 1271.09 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.861 . 1.146 + 846.301 . 3.0 - 75.973 . 3.0 - 151.95 . 1.5 -
S11 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.6174 + 2538.903 - 227.92 - 227.92 - S11 . 0.607 = 0
= S11 . 0.607 = 2344.8
-2344.8
S11 = = 3862.87 Kg
-0.607
==> Σ MC = 0
= 236.069 . 1.146 - 60.930 . 1.146 + 846.301 . 1.5 - 75.973 . 1.5 + 3862.87 . 1.146 . 0.530 - S16 . 1.146
= 270.467 - 69.809 + 1269.452 - 113.959 + 2344.77 - S16 . 1.146 = 0
= S16 . 1.146 = 3700.917
 -3700.917
S16 = = 3230.23 Kg
-1.146
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 236.069 . 3.437 - 60.930 . 3.437 - 121.861 . 2.291 - 146.053 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 3.0 - 75.97 . 3.0 -
151.946 . 1.5 + S3 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 811.402 - 209.426 - 279.2347 - 167.335 + 2539 - 227.9187 - 227.9187 + S3 . 0.607 = 0
= S3 . 0.607 = 2238.472
-2238.472
S3 = = -3687.76 Kg
0.607

==> Σ MI = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.86 . 1.146 - S17 . 1.50 - 3687.76 . 0.607 . 1.5 +
846.30 . 1.50 - 75.973 . 1.50 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.6174 - S17 . 1.50 - 3357.71 + 1269.45 - 113.9594 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -1940.515
1940.515
S17 = = -1293.68 Kg
-1.500

¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 236.069 . 4.583 - 75.97 . 4.583 - 121.861 . 2.864 - 146.053 . 1.719 - S10 . 1.5 + 846.30 . 4.16 -
75.973 . 4.16 - 151.95 . 3.5 - 182.111 . 2.0 = 0
= 1081.870 - 348.173 - 349.0434 - 251.00 - S10 . 1.5 + 3521.33 - 316.11 - 531.81 - 364.22 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 2442.836
-2442.836
S10 = = 1628.56 Kg
-1.5

==> Σ MD = 0
= 236.069 . 2.291 - 60.930 . 2.291 - 121.86 . 1.146 - S18 . 0.607 . 1.146 + 846.30 . 3.0 -
75.973 . 3.0 - 151.946 . 1.5 = 0
= 540.935 - 139.617 - 139.617 - S18 . 0.695 + 2538.90 - 227.919 - 227.919 = 0
= S18 . 0.695 = 2344.8
-2344.8
S18 = = 3371.58 Kg
 S18 = = 3371.58 Kg
-0.695

¤ Potongan VII - VII

==> Σ MM = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - S6 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - S6 . 0.607 = 0
= -S6 . 0.607 = -41.240
-41.240
S6 = = 67.94 Kg
-0.607

==> Σ MG = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 - S7 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - 72.88644 - S7 . 1.500 = 0
= S7 . 1.500 = 31.646
31.646
S7 = = 21.10 Kg
1.5

¤ Potongan VIII - VIII

==> Σ MG = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - S8 . 0.607 . 1.5 - 48.591 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - 72.88644 - S8 . 0.911 = 0
= S8 . 0.911 = 31.646
31.646
S8 = = 34.76 Kg
0.911

==> Σ MB = 0
= S23 . 1.146 - -34.76 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= S23 . 1.146 - -21.098 = 0
= S23 . 1.146 = -21.098
S23 = -21.098
= -18.41 Kg
1.146
¤ Potongan IX - IX
==> Σ MI = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 48.591 . 1.5 - S5 . 0.530 . 1.146 - 77.9399 . 1.146 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 72.886 - S5 . 0.607 - 89.2969 = 0
= S5 . 0.607 = -79.703
-79.703
S5 = = -131.31 Kg
0.607

==> Σ MM = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 + 97.182 . 1.5 + S22 . 1.5 - -131.31 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 + 145.773 + S22 . 1.5 - -119.555 = 0
= S22 . 1.5 = -306.568
-306.568
S22 = = -204.38 Kg
1.5

¤ Potongan X - X
==> Σ MF = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 77.940 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 3 - 97.182 . 1.5 +
S9 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 89.297 - 145.773 - 145.773 + S9 . 0.910501 = 0
= S9 . 0.911 = 298.362
298.362
S9 = = 327.690 Kg
0.911

==> Σ MG = 0
= 74.965 . 1.146 - 38.970 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 + S21 . 1.146 + 327.69 . 0.607 . 1.5 = 0
= 85.889 - 44.648 - 72.886 + S21 . 1.146 + 298.362 = 0
= S21 . 1.146 = -266.716
-266.716
S21 = = -232.79 Kg
1.146
¤ Potongan XI - XI
==> Σ MK = 0
= 74.965 . 3.437 - 38.970 . 3.437 - 77.940 . 2.291 - 93.413 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 3.0 - 97.18 . 1.5 +
S4 . 0.530 . 1.146 = 0
= 257.666 - 133.945 - 178.594 - 107.025 - 145.773 - 145.773 + S4 . 0.607001 = 0
= S4 . 0.607 = 453.444
453.444
S4 = = 747.024 Kg
0.607

==> Σ ML = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 77.940 . 1.146 - 48.591 . 1.5 - 747.024 . 0.607 . 1.5 +
S20 . 1.5 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 89.297 - 72.886 - 680.166 + S20 . 1.5 = 0
= S20 . 1.5 = -759.869
-759.869
S20 = = -506.58 Kg
1.500

¤ Potongan XII - XII

==> Σ ME = 0
= 74.965 . 2.291 - 38.970 . 2.291 - 77.940 . 1.146 + S19 . 0.607 . 1.5 - 48.591 . 3.0 -
97.182 . 1.5 = 0
= 171.777 - 89.297 - 89.297 - 145.773 - 145.773 + S19 . 0.910501 = 0
= S19 . 0.911 = 298.362
298.362
S19 = = 327.690 Kg
0.911
@) Kontrol Beban Mati
==> Titik Simpul A

124.529 Kg
SH = S1 Cos α
S1 SV = S1 Sin α

S13

==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 850.83 + S1 . Sin 40 - 124.529 = 0
= 850.83 + S1 . 0.643 - 124.529 = 0
S1 . 0.643 + 726.305 = 0
-726.305
S1 = = -1129.93 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1370.90 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1129.93 - 1370.90
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-1129.93

==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -1129.93 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -1129.93 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 1129.93 . 0.766
= 865.577 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 554.76 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 865.58 + 554.76
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
865.58
==> Titik Simpul B
124.529 Kg
S6 Cos α

S6

S6 Sin α
S7

850.834 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 850.83 + S6 . Sin 40 - 124.529 = 0
= 850.83 + S6 . 0.643 - 124.529 = 0
S6 . 0.643 + 726.305 = 0
-726.305
S6 = = -1129.93 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1370.90 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1129.93 - 1370.90
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-1129.93
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -1129.93 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -1129.93 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 1129.93 . 0.766
= 865.577 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 554.76 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 865.58 + 554.76
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
865.58
@) Kontrol Beban Hidup
==> Titik Simpul A

85 Kg S1 Cos α

S1 S13 Sin α

S13

RA = 297.5 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 298 + S1 . Sin 40 - 85 = 0
= 298 + S1 . 0.643 - 85 = 0
S1 . 0.643 - 213 = 0
-213
S1 = = -330.59 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -401.09 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -330.59 - 401.09
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-330.59
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -330.6 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -330.6 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 330.59 . 0.766
= 253.248 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 162.31 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 253.25 + 162.31
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
253.25
==> Titik Simpul B

S6 Cos α 85 Kg

S6
S6 Sin α

S1

297.5 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 298 + S6 . Sin 40 - 85 = 0
= 298 + S6 . 0.643 - 85 = 0
S6 . 0.643 - 213 = 0
-213
S6 = = -330.59 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -401.09 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -330.59 - 401.09
x 100 % = 2.213 % < 3 % Ok
-330.59
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -330.59 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -330.59 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 330.59 . 0.766
= 253.248 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 162.31 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 253.25 + 162.31
x 100 % = 1.641 % < 3 % Ok
253.25
 Beban Mati Beban Hidup Angin Kiri Angin Kanan BM + BH BM + BAKI BM + BAKA
Batang Maksimal
1 2 3 4 1+2 1+3 1+4
S1 -1370.90 -401.09 -330.57 67.94 -1772.00 -1701.48 -1302.96 -1772.00

S2 -3263.03 -641.75 -2564.76 -131.31 -3904.78 -5827.79 -3394.34 -5827.79

S3 -2476.31 721.97 -3687.76 747.02 -1754.35 -6164.07 -1729.29 -6164.07

S4 -2476.31 721.97 747.02 -3687.76 -1754.35 -1729.29 -6164.07 -6164.07

S5 -3263.03 -641.75 -131.31 -2564.76 -3904.78 -3394.34 -5827.79 -5827.79

S6 -1370.90 -401.09 67.94 -330.57 -1772.00 -1302.96 -1701.48 -1772.00

S7 554.76 162.31 21.10 904.10 717.07 575.86 1458.86 1458.86

S8 913.93 267.40 34.76 1489.46 1181.33 948.69 2403.39 2403.39

S9 2220.58 641.75 327.69 3862.87 2862.33 2548.27 6083.45 6083.45

S10 1331.21 389.54 1628.56 1628.56 1720.75 2959.76 2959.76 2959.76

S11 2220.58 641.75 3862.87 327.69 2862.33 6083.45 2548.27 6083.45

S12 913.93 267.40 1489.46 34.76 709.56 2403.39 948.69 2403.39

S13 554.76 162.31 904.10 21.10 717.07 1458.86 575.86 1458.86

S14 -484.20 -142 -789.12 -18.41 -625.87 -1273.32 -502.62 -1273.32

S15 1425.90 227.23 1271.09 -204.38 1653.14 2696.99 1221.52 2696.99

S16 1902.77 553 3230.23 -232.79 2455.27 5133.00 1669.97 5133.00

S17 2210.55 -122.80 -1293.68 -506.58 2087.74 916.87 1703.97 2087.74

S18 1938.16 560.13 3371.58 327.69 2498.29 5309.74 2265.85 5309.74

S19 1938.16 560.13 327.69 3371.58 2498.29 2265.85 5309.74 5309.74

S20 2210.55 -122.80 -506.58 -1293.68 2087.74 1703.97 916.87 2087.74

S21 1902.77 553 -232.79 3230.23 2455.27 1669.97 5133.00 5133.00

S22 1425.90 227.23 -204.38 1271.09 1653.14 1221.52 2696.99 2696.99

S23 -484.20 -142 -18.41 -789.12 -625.87 -502.62 -1273.32 -1273.32

>>> Menghitung Gaya - gaya Batang
◊ Batang Atas ( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 5827.79 ( Tekan )
p
σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
5827.79
==> σtr // = < 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
1295.0642
= = 15.24
85
h = ≥ 15.24 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 15.24
5827.79
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
5827.79
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 80.94 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2

◊ Batang Bawah ( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12 )

¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 2959.76 ( Tekan )
p
σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
2959.76
==> σtr // =
4.5 h
< 85 Kg/Cm2

657.7252985
= = 7.74
85
h = ≥ 7.74 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 7.74
2959.76
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
2959.76
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 41.11 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2

◊ Batang Tegak ( S14, S16, S21, S23 )

¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 5133.00 ( Tarik )
==> Lk = L = 1.5 m = 150 cm ( Panjang Batang )
==> Ix = Imin = 0.289 h ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 14 )
==> Fnet = 4.5 h cm2 ( Diambil b = 6 )
x = 1/12 . b . h3 cm4
 Ix =
√ Ix
Fn
= 0.289 cm

==> Ix = Jari - Jari

x = Momen Inersia
Fn = Luas Penampang
W = Faktor Tekuk

◊ Kelangsingan Batang
= Lk
==> λ
Ix
≤ 150 ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 9 )
150
=
0.289 ≤ 150

519.03
= = 3.46
150
h = ≥ 3.46 ( Diambil h = 7 )
7 = ≥ 3.46
Maka = 150
λ
0.289 7
≤ 150

= 74.15 ≤ 150 Ok

==> Dari Tabel Faktor Tekuk Untuk λ = 74.15 Didapat

W = 2.3604 Kg/Cm2
σtk = 25 Kg/Cm 2

Kontrol
= w ≤ σtk //
= 2.3604 ≤ 25 Kg/Cm2
◊ Batang Horizontal ( S15, S17, S20, S22 ) Dan Batang Diagonal (S18, S19 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 2087.74 ( Tarik )
σtr // = p ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
==> σtr // = 2087.74 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
= 463.9 = 5.46
85
h = ≥ 5.46 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 5.46
Kontrol σtr // = 2087.74 ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
= 2087.74
≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
 = 29.00 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6
Dimensi Batang Horizontal Dengan Diagonal = 1 .
12
>>> Desain Sambungan Titik Simpul
◊ Sambungan Bentangan Dua
==> Untuk Sambungan Bertampang Dua ( Kayu Kelas II )
* λb = 4.3
* Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )

* Ŝ = 200 . d . b1 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )

* Ŝ = 430 . d 2
( 1 - 0.35 Sin α )

Dimensi : Ŝ = Kekuatan Sambungan ( Kg )

α = Sudut Antara Gaya Dan Arah Serat Kayu

b1 = Tebal Kayu Tepi ( Cm )

b3 = Tebal Kayu Bawah ( Cm )

d = Dimensi Baut

b b ( Diambil b = 6 )
* λb = d
d λb
6
= = 1.395 Cm = 13.953 mm
4.3

3 3
==> Diameter Baut : Ф = . 2.54 = 3.81 Cm
2 2

Simpul A
S1 = -1772.00
2 x 6/12

2 x 6/12 S13 = 1458.86

A
 A

VA = 236.069

==> Sambungan S1 dan S13 dengan Memakai gigi tunggal

*) Karena ada dua batang yang menahan gaya S = 1772.00 Kg
Maka Besar Gaya tiap Batang = 1/2 . 1772.00 = 885.998
*) σtk // ( α/2 ) = σtk // - ( σtk // - σtk ) Sin α/2
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 51 / 2
= 85 - 60 . 0.433
= 85 - 25.958
= 59.042 Kg/cm2
Ѕ . Cos2 ( α / 2 )
*) tm =
σtk // . b
885.998 . Cos2 51 / 2
=
59.042 . 6
885.998 . 0.920
=
59.042 . 6
814.888
=
354.250
= 2.30 CM
Untuk Harga α antara 50° - 60° besarnya gigi maksimum harus disisipkan lurus, gigi dibuat memuat garis bagi sudut luar 2 ß (ß = 39 )
Ѕ . Cos α
*) Im =
Ʈ . b
885.998 . cos 51
=
12 . 6
885.998 . 0.626
=
72
554.321
=
72
= 7.699 CM
Syarat Im ≥ 15 cm Diambil IM = 15 CM

12

51

S13
 tm
S13 12

Im
6

Simpul H
S14 = 1273.32 >> θ = 90 °
>> ß = 39 °
S12 = 2403.39 >> b = 6 Cm
>> b3 = 5 Cm
2 X 5/7
>> P = 1273.32
ß
θ
S13 = 1458.86
2 X 6/12 H

==> Batang S14 dihubungkan dengan Batang S13

◊ Dipakai Sambungan Baut

==> Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.4
= 762.0 Kg
==> Ŝ = 200 . d . b1 ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.4
= 1828.8 Kg
==> Ŝ = 430 . d2 . ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )
= 430 . 3.81 2 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.4
= 2496.77 Kg

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 762.0 Kg

P 1273.32
Jumlah Baut = = = 1.671 ≈ 2 Buah
Ŝ 762.0

Simpul C S2 = 5827.79

2 X 6/12
>> P = 2696.99
C S15 = 2696.99 >> α = 51
1 X 6/12

5/7

S1 = 1772.00 S14 = 1273.32

 ==> Sambungan batang S15 dengan batang S1 (sambungan baut)
==> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 51 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.780 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.532
= 1013.338 Kg
==> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 51 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.780 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.532
= 2432.010 Kg

==> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2 ( 1 - 0.35 sin 40.2 )

= 430 . 14.5161 ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.646 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.774
= 4831.227 Kg

Diambil Yang terkecil Ŝ = 1013.338 Kg

2696.99
==> Jumlah Baut = n = = 2.661 ≈ 3 Buah
1013.338
==> Sambungan batang S14 dengan batang S15 (Memakai sambungan gigi tunggal)
>> θ = 90 °
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
>> tm = 2696.99
= 63.349 = 6.335 Cm
42.6

>> Im = 2696.99 2696.994 2696.994

= = = 3.7 Cm
b.H 6 . 12 72.0
`
Diambil I m = 15 Cm
Simpul E
E

>> α1 = α2 = 22
α1 1 α2 >> d = 3.81
X
6/
12

S3 = 6164.07 S4 = 6164.07

S18 = 5309.74 S19 = 5309.74

==> Batang S18 dengan batang S3 (sambungan Baut)

>> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.775
= 1476.825 Kg
>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.775
 = 3544.379 Kg
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.375 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.869
= 5423.530 Kg
5309.74
Diambil Harga terkecil n = = 3.6 ≈ 4 Buah
1476.825
Pada setiap sambungan di tambah 2 baut ø 3/2 untuk perkuatan plat baja

Dipakai plat baja

>> Tebal ( t ) = 0.3 . d = 0.3 . 3.81 = 1.143 Cm
>> Lebar ( c ) = 3 . d = 3 . 3.81 = 11.43 Cm

Simpul I
S16 = 5133.00

S11 = 6083.45

S15 = 2696.99 2 X 6/12

1 X 5/7
I

S12 = 2403.39

==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang bawah memakai sambungan baut ø 3/2 sebanyak 2 buah
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang S15 ( sambungan tunggal α = 90⁰ )
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
5133.00 Cos2 45 5133.00 . 0.84971049 4361.55978
>> tm = = = = 17.075 Cm
42.6 . 6 255.4 255.4
5133.00 Cos 90 5133.00 . 6E-17 0.0
>> Im = = = = ###
b . h 6 . 12 72
Diambil Im = 15 Cm
Simpul J
S18 = 5309.74

S17 = 2087.74 S10 = 2959.76

S11 = 6083.45

==> Batang S10 dengan batang S7 (sambungan Baut)

 >> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 180 ⁰ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1E-16 )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1

= 1905.0 Kg

>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 180 ⁰ )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1E-16 )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1

= 4572.0 Kg
⁰
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 180 )

= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.0 )

= 430 . 14.5161 1

= 6241.923 0

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 1905.0

2087.74
Jumlah baut : n = = 1.096 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0

Plat uluran = 11.43 . 114.3 m

==> Batang S11 dengan batang S18 (sambungan Baut)

>> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1

= 1905.00 Kg

>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1

= 3544.379 Kg

>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2

( 1 - 0.35 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.37 )

= 430 . 14.5161 . 1

= 5423.530 Kg

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 1905.0

5309.74
Jumlah baut : n = = 2.787 ≈ 3 Buah
1905.0
>>> Perhitungan jumlah kayu yang digunakan
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 1.888 m
E
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 1.888 m
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.146 m
Atap Seng
Gording
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
D F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.080 m
J K 5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.637 m
C G
I L

A H M B

8.02

◊ Batang gording 5 Cm x 7 Cm
==> Luas penampang = 5 x 7 = 35 Cm = 0.0035 m
==> Panjang bangunan = 25.00 m
==> Jumlah gording arah melintang bangunan untuk dua sisi yang sama
dengan jarak antara gording 0.944 m adalah
6.41
* u = 2 ( + 1 ) = 15.583 ≈ 16 Buah
0.944
==> Volume kayu untuk gording = 16 . 4 . 0.0035
V1 = 0.224 m3

◊ Batang atas ( 6 / 12 ) Batang ganda

==> ( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 1.888 ) + 2 ( 2.637 )
= 7.550 + 5.274
= 12.824 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 12.824 x 0.0072
V2 = 0.092 m3

◊ Batang Bawah ( 6 / 12 ) Batang ganda

==> ( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )
*) Panjang Batang = 3 ( 1.146 ) + 4 ( 1.888 )
= 3.437 + 7.550
= 10.987 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 10.987 x 0.0072
V3 = 0.079 m3
◊ Batang Diagonal ( 6 / 12 ) Batang Tunggal
==> ( S18, S19 )
*) Panjang Batang = 2 ( 2.080 )
= 4.161
= 4.161 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 4.161 x 0.0072
V4 = 0.030 m3

◊ Batang Tegak ( 5 / 7 ) Batang Tunggal

==> ( S14, S16, S21, S23 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 1.500 )
= 6.000
= 6.000 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.05 x 0.07
= 0.0035 m 2

*) Volume Kayu = 6.000 x 0.0035

V5 = 0.021 m 3

◊ Batang Horizontal ( 6 / 12 ) Batang Tunggal

==> ( S15, S17, S20, S22 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 1.146 )
= 4.583
= 4.583 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m 2

*) Volume Kayu = 4.583 x 0.0072

V6 = 0.033 m 3

◊ Volume tambahan untuk Simpul A & B

*) Im = 15 Cm = 0.15 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 0.150 x 0.0072
V7 = 0.001 m 3
◊ Total Volume Kayu untuk kuda - kuda

*) Jumlah Kuda - kuda = 8 25.00 3.00

Volume Kayu Untuk 1 Volume Kayu Untuk 8

Batang Dimensi kayu
Kuda - kuda Kuda - kuda

Batang Gording Kayu 5/7 0.224 M3 1.86666666667 M3

Batang Tegak
Kayu 5/7 0.021 M3 0.175 M3
( S14, S16, S21, S23 )

Total Volume Kayu 5/7 0.245 M3 2.042 M3

Batang atas
Kayu 6/12 0.092 M3 0.769 M3
( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )

Batang Bawah
Kayu 6/12 0.079 M3 0.659 M3
( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )

Batang Diagonal
Kayu 6/12 0.030 M3 0.250 M3
( S18, S19 )

Batang Horizontal
Kayu 6/12 0.033 M3 0.275 M3
( S15, S17, S20, S22 )

Im Kayu 6/12 0.001 M3 0.009 M3

Total Volume Kayu 6/12 0.235 M3 1.962 M3

*) Total Volume Kayu Yang Dibutuhkan = 4.00 M3