SOAL

2.00

D F
J K 5
1.500
C G
I L
1.500
A B
H M

1.429 1.429 1.429 1.429 1.429 1.429 1.429

10.00

>> Data-data yang diketahui

- Panjang Bangunan : 17.00 x 8 m

- Panjang Bentang Teoritis : 10.00 m

- Atap : Seng

- Beban Angin : 50 Kg/m2

- Beban Hidup : 70 Kg
- Kayu Kelas/Mutu : II/A
>>> Menghitung Panjang Batang

5
** α = Arc Tg .
5
α = Arc Tg 1.000
= 45.00 °
** AC = CD = FG = GB = √ 1.5 2
+ 1.429 2

= √ 2.250 + 2.041
= √ 4.291
= 2.071 m
** HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m

** AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m

** CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5 m

** EJ = EK = √ 0.7142857 2
+ 2.0 2
** DE = EF = √2.142857 2
+ 2.0 2

= √ 0.510 + 4.00 = √ 4.592 + 4.00

= √ 4.510 = √ 8.592
= 2.124 m = 2.931 m

>>> Dimensi Gording

◊ Gaya - gaya pada Gording
** Jarak Antar Gording : 1/2 . 2.071 = 1.036 m
** Berat Penutup Atap ( Seng ) : 10 Kg/m 2
( Acuan : Buku Teknik Sipil Hal. 181 )
** Kemiringan Atap : 45.00 °
** Jarak Kuda - kuda : 3.0 m
** Kuda - kuda dari Kayu Kelas/Mutu : Kelas II / Mutu A
- Kayu Meranti Putih
> Berat Jenis : 0.70 Gr/Cm3
- Tegangan - tegangan Izin
> σtk // : 100 Kg/Cm2

> σtk // = σt // : 85 Kg/Cm2

 > σtk : 25 Kg/Cm2
> τ : 12 Kg/Cm2
◊ Akibat Beban Mati

» Gording dianggap terletak pada dua perletakan sederhana

¤ Berat Penutup Atap ( Seng ) : 10 Kg/m2
¤ Berat tiap unit : q1 = 10 . 1.036 = 10.357 Kg/m
¤ Berat sendiri gording : q2 = q Kg/m
¤ q Total = q1 + q2
= 10.357 + q Kg/m
¤ q x = q Total . sin α
= ( 10.357 + q ) . sin 45.00 °
= 0.707 . ( 10.357 + q )
= 7.324 + 0.707 q
¤ q y = q Total . cos α
= ( 10.357 + q ) . cos 45.00 °
= 0.707 . ( 10.357 + q )
= 7.324 + 0.707 q

¤ Mx = 1/10 . qy . L2
q
= 1/10 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 3.0 2

= 1/10 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 9

= 6.591 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = 1/10 . qx . L2
L L L
= 1/10 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 3 2

= 1/10 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 9

= 6.591 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 1/2 . qy . L
= 1/2 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 3
= 10.985 + 1.061 q Kg.m

M max = 101 . qL² ¤ Qy = 1/2 . qx . L

= 1/2 . ( 7.324 + 0.707 q ) . 3
= 10.985 + 1.061 q Kg.m
◊ Akibat Beban Hidup ( P= 70 Kg)
¤ Px = P sin α
= 70 . sin 45.00
= 70 . 0.707
= 49.497 Kg

¤ Py = P cos α
= 70 . cos 45.00
= 70 . 0.707
= 49.497 Kg

P P P ¤ Mx = 1/5 . Py . L
= 1/5 . 49.497 . 3.0
= 29.698
¤ My = 1/5 . Px . L
L L L = 1/5 . 49.497 . 3.0
= 29.698

¤ Qx = Py / 2
= 49.497 / 2
= 24.74874
¤ Qy = Px / 2
M max = 51 PL
= 49.497 / 2
= 24.74874
◊ Akibat Beban Angin ( W= 50 Kg/m ) 2

→ Angin Tekan
α = 45.00 °
» Untuk α < 65 °, Maka :
c = 0.02 . α - 0.4
= 0.02 . 45.00 - 0.4
= 0.500
» W Tekan = 0.500 . 50 = 25.000 Kg/m2
» q Tekan = 25.000 . 1.036 = 25.893 Kg/m2
 → Angin Tekan
» Untuk α < 65 ° ; c = -0.4 Maka :
» W hisap = -0.4 . 50 = -20.00 Kg/m2
» q hisap = -20.0 . 1.036 = -20.71 Kg/m2

→ Momen bidang atap ( arah Y )

¤ Mx = 1/10 . q Tekan . L2
= 1/10 . 25.893 . 3 2
= 1/10 . 25.893 . 9
= 23.304 Kg.m
¤ My = 0
¤ Qx = 1/2 . q Tekan . L
= 1/2 . 25.893 . 3
= 38.839 Kg
¤ Qy = 0

→ Kombinasi Pembebanan
~ Beban Mati + Beban Hidup
¤ Mx = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 29.698 = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 29.698 = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 24.749 = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 24.749 = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
~ Beban Mati + Beban Angin
¤ Mx = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 23.304 = 29.895 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = ( 6.591 + 0.636 q ) + 0 = 6.591 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 38.839 = 49.825 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = ( 10.985 + 1.061 q ) + 0 = 10.985 + 1.061 q Kg
~ Yang dipakai dalam desain adalah yg terbesar
¤ Mx = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ My = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
¤ Qx = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg
¤ Qy = 35.734 + 1.061 q Kg

>>> Menentukan Ukuran Gording

◊ Ukuran Gording = b x h ≈ diambil b = 2/3 h

1 1 2 1
» Ix =
12
b . h3 =
12 ( 3
h ) . h3 =
18
h4

1 1 2 2
» Iy = b3 . h = ( h ) 3 . h = h4
 » Iy =
12
b3 . h =
12 ( 3
h ) 3 . h =
81
h4

1 1 2 1
» Wx =
6
b . h2 =
6 ( 3
h ) . h2 =
9
h3

1 1 2 2
» Wy =
6
b2 . h =
6 ( 3
h ) 2 . h =
27
h3

◊ Berat Jenis Kayu = 0.70 Gr/Cm3 = 0.0007 Kg/Cm3

◊ Berat Gording = q2 = q = b x h
BJ = 2/3 . h . h . 0.0007 = 0.00047 h2 Kg/Cm 47
¤ Mx = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
= 36.290 + 0.636 . 0.00047 h2
= 3629.0 + 63.6 . 0.00047 h2
= 3629.0 + 0.030 h2
¤ My = 36.290 + 0.636 q Kg.m
= 36.290 + 0.636 . 0.00047 h2
3629.0 + 63.6 . 0.00047 h2
3629.0 + 0.030 h2

◊ Menentukan Harga h dari rumus tegangan lentur

Mx My
¤ σLt = + ≤ σ Lt = 100 Kg/Cm2
Wx Wy
3629.0 + 0.030 h2 3629.0 + 0.030 h2
= ( 1/9 h3 ) + ( 2/27 h3 )
32660.757 0.267 48991.14 0.401
= ( h
3
+
h ) + ( h
3
+
h )
81651.9 0.668
σLt = +
h 3
h
≈ σLt ≤ σ Lt = 100 Kg/Cm2

¤ Menghitung Harga h dengan cara coba - coba

Harga h σLt b =2/3 h

( Cm ) ( Kg/Cm ) 2
( Cm )

12 47.308 8
h = 12 cm
15 24.238 10
 h = 12 cm

18 14.038 12
b = 8 cm

Dari Hasil Perhitungan diatas diambil h = 12 Cm dan b = 8 Cm

dimana : σLt = 47.308 < σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm 2
OK

→ Sehingga diperoleh :

¤ Mx = 3629.0 + 0.030 . ( 12 )2 = 3633.250 Kg.m

¤ My = 3629.0 + 0.030 . ( 12 )2 = 3633.250 Kg.m
¤ Qx = 35.734 + 1.061 . 47 . 10 -5 . ( 12 ) 2
= 35.805 Kg
¤ Qy = 35.734 + 1.061 . 47 . 10 -5 . ( 12 ) 2
= 35.805 Kg
¤ Px = 49.497 Kg
¤ Py = 49.497 Kg
¤ Ix = 1/12 . 8 . 12 3 = 1152 Cm4
¤ Iy = 1/12 . 8 3 . 12 = 512 Cm4
¤ Wx = 1/6 . 8 . 12 2 = 192 Cm4
¤ Wy = 1/6 . 8 2 . 12 = 128 Cm4
¤ qx = 0.073236 + 0.00707 . 47 . 10 -5 . ( 12 )2 = 0.074 Kg/Cm'
¤ qy = 0.073236 + 0.00707 . 47 . 10 -5 . ( 12 )2 = 0.074 Kg/Cm'

◊ Kontrol Tegangan Lentur; Tegangan Geser; dan Lendutan

A. Tegangan Lentur (σ Lt)

Mx My
¤ σLt = +
Wx Wy
3633.250 3633.250
= +
192 128

= 47.308 Kg/Cm2

→ Kontrol
σLt = 47.308 ≤ σ Lt 100 Kg/Cm2 OK
B. Tegangan Geser ( ζ )

¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2
 3 Qx 3 Qy
==> ζx = . ==> ζx = .
2 b . h 2 b . h
3 35.805 3 35.805
= . = .
2 8 . 12 2 8 . 12
3 35.805 3 35.805
= . = .
2 96 2 96
107.41627 107.4163
= = 0.5595 Kg/Cm2 = = 0.5595 Kg/Cm2
192 192

¤ ζ = √ ζx2 + ζy2

= √ 0.5595 2 + 0.5595 2

= √ 0.313 + 0.313

= 0.791 Kg/Cm2

→ Kontrol
ζ ≤ ζ ======> 0.791 ≤ 12 Kg/Cm2 OK

B. Kontrol Lendutan ( δ )
L
¤ δ =
200 ¤ Kayu Kelas II

300 E = 100000 Kg/Cm3

= = 1.5 Cm
200

5 . qy . L 4 Py . L 3
¤ δ x = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E Ix

5 . 0.074 . 300 4 49.497 . 300 3

= +
384 . 10 5 . 1152 48 . 10 5 . 1152

= 0.067 + 0.242

= 0.309 Cm
 5 . qx . L 4 Px . L 3
¤ δ y = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E Iy

5 . 0.074 . 300 4 49.497 . 300 3

= +
384 . 10 5 . 512 48 . 10 5 . 512

= 0.152 + 0.544

= 0.696 Cm

¤ δ = √ δx2 + δy2

= √ 0.3092 2 + 0.6956 2

= √ 0.096 + 0.484

= 0.761 Cm

→ Kontrol
δ ≤ δ ======> 0.761 ≤ 1.5 Cm OK

Jadi, Gording 8/12 mampu memikul beban - beban yang ada

>>> Menghitung Gaya - gaya Batang
E Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.071 m

Gording
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
Atap Seng

D F Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
J K 5.0
C G Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
I L
Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
A H M B

7 x 1.429 Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m

◊ Tinjauan 1/2 Konstruksi ( Simetris )

¤ Tampak Atas

Berat Jenis Kayu = 0.70 Gr/Cm3

Luas Pembebanan

3.0

A C D E F 3.0

3.0
Gording

1.036 Kuda - kuda 1.466

2.071 2.071 2.931 2.931

»» Dianggap gaya-gaya bekerja terpusat pada titik simpul

◊ Akibat Beban Sendiri (BebanMati)
¤ Berat Penutup Atap seng
*) Berat Seng = 10 Kg
*) Beban pada seng
*) P1 = Luas daerah Pembebanan x Beban Seng
¤ Berat Gording (8/12)
*) Beban pada Simpul
*) P2 = Panjang Gording x Luas Penampang Gording x Berat Jenis
¤ Berat Kuda - kuda (Diambil ukuran 20/26)
*) Beban pada Simpul
 *) P3 = Panjang Batang terhadap titik yg ditinjau x Luas Penampang Kuda-kuda x Berat Jenis Kayu

¤ Luas Bidang Pembebanan

*) Simpul A = 1.036 . 3.0 = 3.107 M2
*) Simpul C = 2.071 . 3.0 = 6.214 M2
*) Simpul D = ( 1.036 + 1.466 ) . 3.0 = 7.504 M2
*) Simpul E = 2.931 . 3.0 = 8.794 M2
¤ Berat Penutup Atap (P1)
*) Simpul A,B = 3.107 . 10 = 31.07 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 6.214 . 10 = 62.14 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 7.504 . 10 = 75.04 Kg
*) Simpul E = 8.794 . 10 = 87.94 Kg
¤ Berat Sendiri Gording (P2)
*) Simpul A,B = 3.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 20.16 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 3.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 20.16 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 3.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 20.16 Kg
*) Simpul E = 3.0 . 0.0096 . 700 = 20.16 Kg
¤ Berat Kuda - kuda (P3)
*) Simpul A,B = 2.46 . 0.0520 . 700 = 89.70 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 6.04 . 0.0520 . 700 = 219.70 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 6.90 . 0.0520 . 700 = 251.00 Kg
*) Simpul E = 5.05 . 0.0520 . 700 = 184.00 Kg
¤ Total Pembebanan
>> P total = P1 + P2 + P3
*) Simpul A,B = 31.07 + 20.16 + 89.70 = 140.931 Kg
*) Simpul C,G = 62.14 + 20.16 + 219.70 = 302.003 Kg
*) Simpul D,F = 75.04 + 20.16 + 251.00 = 346.194 Kg
*) Simpul E = 87.94 + 20.16 + 184.00 = 292.094 Kg

F
D
J K 5.00
G
C
I L

A B
H M

10.00

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
 >> Karena Simetris, Maka :
VA = VB = Ptotal Simpul AB + Ptotal Simpul CG + Ptotal Simpul DF + 1/2 . Ptotal Simpul E
= 140.931 + 302.003 + 346.194 + 146.047
= 935.176 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Terpusat/Hidup ( P= 70 Kg)
75 Kg

75 Kg 75 Kg

75 Kg
D F 75 Kg
5.00
J K

75 Kg G 75 Kg
C
I L

A B
H M
10.00

VA VB

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
VA = VB = ( 3 . 70 ) + ( 1/2 . 70 )
= 210 + 35
= 245 Kg ( ↑ )
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kiri
>> W tekan = 25.000 Kg/m2
*) Simpul A = 25 . 3.107 = 77.68 Kg
*) Simpul C = 25 . 6.214 = 155.36 Kg
*) Simpul D = 25 . 7.504 = 187.60 Kg
*) Simpul EKiri = 25 . 4.397 = 109.92 Kg

>> W hisap = -20.0 Kg/m2

*) Simpul Ekanan = -20.0 . 4.397 = 87.94 Kg
*) Simpul F = -20.0 . 7.504 = 150.08 Kg
*) Simpul G = -20.0 . 6.214 = 124.29 Kg
*) Simpul B = -20.0 . 3.107 = 62.14 Kg
65,95 Kg
78.18 Kg

α
108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg
= 45.00 °
85,90 Kg D
J K
F
5.00
101,84 Kg

G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg

A M B
H
 J K 101,84 Kg

G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg

A M B
10.00
H

VA VB

** Rumus : *) Px = P . Sin α Sin α = 0.707

*) Py = P . Cos α Cos α = 0.70711
>>> P = 77.68 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 87.94 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α
= 77.68 . sin 45.00 = 87.94 . sin 45.00
= 77.68 . 0.707 = 87.94 . 0.707
= 54.927 Kg = 62.180 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 77.68 . Cos 45.00 = 87.94 . Cos 45.00
= 77.68 . 0.707 = 87.94 . 0.707
= 54.927 Kg = 62.180 Kg

>>> P = 155.36 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 150.08 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 155.36 . sin 45.00 = 150.08 . sin 45.00
= 155.36 . 0.707 = 150.08 . 0.707
= 109.854 Kg = 106.121 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 155.36 . Cos 45.00 = 150.08 . Cos 45.00
= 155.36 . 0.707 = 150.08 . 0.707
= 109.854 Kg = 106.121 Kg

>>> P = 187.60 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 124.29 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 187.60 . sin 45.00 = 124.29 . sin 45.00
= 187.60 . 0.707 = 124.29 . 0.707
= 132.652 Kg = 87.883 Kg
Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 187.60 . Cos 45.00 = 124.29 . Cos 45.00
= 187.60 . 0.707 = 124.29 . 0.707
= 132.652 Kg = 87.883 Kg

>>> P = 109.92 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α >>> P = 62.14 Kg ; Px = P . Sin α

= 109.92 . sin 45.00 = 62.14 . sin 45.00
= 109.92 . 0.707 = 62.14 . 0.707
= 77.725 Kg = 43.942 Kg
 Py = P . Cos α Py = P . Cos α
= 109.92 . Cos 45.00 = 62.14 . Cos 45.00
= 109.92 . 0.707 = 62.14 . 0.707
= 77.725 Kg = 43.942 Kg

¤ Reaksi Perletakan
==> Σ MB = 0
= VA . 10.00 - 54.927 . 10.00 - 109.854 . 8.571 - 132.652 . 7.143 - 77.725 . 5.71 + 62.180 . 5.71 +
106.121 . 4.286 + 87.883 . 1.43 = 0.00
= VA . 10.00 - 549.270 - 941.606 - 947.513 - 444.141 + 355.313 + 454.806 + 125.548 = 0
= VA . 10.00 - 1946.864 = 0.00
= VA . 10.00 = 1946.864
1946.864
VA =
10.00
= 194.686 ( ↑ )
==> Σ MA = 0
= -VB . 10.00 - 43.942 . 10.00 - 87.883 . 8.571 - 106.121 . 7.143 - 62.180 . 5.71 + 77.725 . 5.71 +
132.652 . 4.286 + 109.854 . 1.43 = 0.00
= -VB . 10.00 - 439.416 - 753.285 - 758.010 - 355.313 + 444.141 + 568.508 + 156.934 = 0
= -VB . 10.00 - 1136.441 = 0.00
= VB . 10.00 = 1136.441
1136.441
VB =
-10.00
= -113.64 ( ↓ )
==> Σ H = 0
HA - 54.927 - 109.854 - 132.652 - 77.725 - 62.180 - 106.121 - 87.883 - 43.942 = 0.00
HA - -675.284
HA = 675.284 (→)
@) Kontrol
==> Σ V = 0
54.927 - 109.854 - 132.652 - 77.725 + 62.180 + 106.121 + 87.883 + 43.942 + 194.686 - 113.64 = 0
6.01 = 0.00 OK

◊ Akibat Beban Angin Kanan 65,95 Kg

78.18 Kg

108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg

F
85,90 Kg D
J K 101,84 Kg
5.00
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg
 E

108,90 Kg
129,10 Kg

F
85,90 Kg D
J K 101,84 Kg
5.00
G
42,95 Kg C
I L 50.92 Kg

A M B
H
10.00

¤ Reaksi Perletakan VA VB

==> VA = 194.69 (↑)

VB = -113.64 ( ↓ )
HA = 675.28 ( → )
◊ Akibat Beban Mati

292.094 Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.071 m

Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
E
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
VI
346.194 346.19
V
3
4
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
19
18

302.003 IV
F
302.00 Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
D 20
17
J
10
K
II
III
2 16
VI
21
5
5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
11 9
140.931 C
V 22 G 140.931
I
1
15
12
I L 6
P Simpul A,B = 140.931 Kg
IV 23
14 8

A
III
B P Simpul C,G = 302.003 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
10.00 P Simpul D,F = 346.194 Kg
P Simpul E = 292.094 Kg
RA= 935.176 RB= 935.176
1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.42857 2
1 1.428571
= = 0.483 = = 0.690
√4.291 √4.291
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 1134.635
1134.635
S1 = = -1645.220 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S13 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1134.635
-1134.635
S13 = = 756.42 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S12 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + S12 . 1.034 = 0
= -S12 . 1.034 = 1134.635
-1134.635
S12 = = 1096.81 Kg (Tarik)
-1.034
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 1096.81 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 756.423 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 756.423
S14 = 756.423
= -529.50 Kg (Tekan)
-1.429
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 + 302.003 . 1.429 + S2 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 + 431.433 + S2 . 0.690 = 0
= S2 . 0.690 = 2700.702
2700.702
S2 = = -3916.02 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690
==> Σ MH = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 + S15 . 1.500 - 3916.02 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + S15 . -1.500 - 4051.05 = 0
= -S15 . -1.500 = 2916.418
2916.418
S15 = = 1944.28 Kg (Tarik)
1.500

¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S11 . 0.690 . 1.500 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 - 431.4327 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 1837.836
-1837.836
S11 = = 2664.86 Kg (Tarik)
-0.690

==> Σ MC = 0
= 935.176 . 1.429 - 140.931 . 1.429 - S16 . 1.429 + 2664.86 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1335.965 - 201.331 + 1837.836 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 2972.471
-2972.471
S16 = = 2080.73 Kg (Tarik)
-1.429

¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 935.176 . 4.286 - 140.931 . 4.286 - 302.003 . 2.857 - 346.194 . 1.429 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 4007.896 - 603.992 - 862.8653 - 494.56323 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 2046.475
-2046.475
S11 = = -2967.39 Kg (Tekan)
0.690

==> Σ MI = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 + 2967.39 . 0.483 . 1.500 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 - 431.4327 - S17 . 1.500 + 2148.80 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = 3986.635
-3986.635
S17 = = 2657.76 Kg (Tarik)
 S17 = = 2657.76 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500

¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 935.176 . 5.714 - 140.931 . 5.714 - 302.003 . 3.571 - 346.194 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.500 = 0
= 5343.861 - 805.322 - 1078.582 - 741.84 - S10 . 1.500 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 2718.112
-2718.112
S10 = = 1812.07 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500

==> Σ MD = 0
= 935.176 . 2.857 - 140.931 . 2.857 - 302.003 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 = 0
= 2671.930 - 402.661 + 431.4327 - S18 . 0.985 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 1837.836
-1837.836
S18 = = 1865.40 Kg (Tarik)
-0.985
Karena Struktur Rangka atap simetris, maka gaya-gaya batang disebelah kanan sama dengan batang-batang disebelah kiri

◊ Akibat Beban Hidup ( P= 70 Kg)

75 Kg
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.071 m
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
E

75 Kg VI 75 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
V
3
18
19 4 Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
75 Kg 75 Kg
IV
D 20 F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
III
17
J VI
10
K 5
5.0
II
2 16
11 9
21
Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
75 Kg
75 Kg
C
V 22 G
I
I
1
15
12 IV
L 6 P Simpul A,B = 140.931 Kg
23
14
8

A
III
B
P Simpul C,G = 302.003 Kg
13 H II M 7
I
10.00 P Simpul D,F = 346.194 Kg
P Simpul E = 292.094 Kg

RA= 245 RB= 245

1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.42857 2
1 1.428571
= =
√4.291 √4.291
= 0.483 = 0.690
 √ √
= 0.483 = 0.690

¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 245.0 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 250.000
250.000
S1 = = -362.50 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690

==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 250.000
-250.000
S13 = = 166.67 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500

¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S12 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + S12 . 1.034 = 0
= -S12 . 1.034 = 250.000
-250.000
S12 = = 241.67 Kg (Tarik)
-1.034

==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 241.67 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 166.667 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 166.667
S14 = 166.667
= -116.67 Kg (Tekan)
-1.429

¤ Potongan III - III

==> Σ MI = 0
= 245.00 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S2 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 - 100.000 + S2 . 0.690 = 0
= S2 . 0.690 = 400.000
400.000
S2 = = -580.00 Kg (Tekan)
-0.690

==> Σ MH = 0
 = 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S15 . 1.5 - 580.00 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + S15 . 1.500 - 600.00 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 350.000
-350.000
S15 = = 233.33 Kg (Tarik)
-1.500

¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 245.00 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S11 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 - 100 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 400.000
-400.000
S11 = = 580.00 Kg (Tarik)
-0.690

==> Σ MC = 0
= 245.00 . 1.429 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S16 . 1.429 + 580.00 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 350.000 - 100.000 + 400 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 650.000
-650.000
S16 = = 455.00 Kg (Tarik)
-1.429

¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 245.00 . 4.286 - 70.0 . 4.286 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 1050.000 - 300.000 - 200 - 100 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 450.000
450.000
S11 = = 652.50 Kg (Tekan)
0.690

==> Σ MI = 0
= 245.00 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 + -652.50 . 0.483 . 1.5 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 - 100 - S17 . 1.500 + -472.50 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -72.500
72.500
S17 = = -48.33 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5

¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 245.00 . 5.714 - 70.0 . 5.714 - 70.0 . 3.571 - 70.0 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= 1400.000 - 400.000 - 250 - 150.00 - S10 . 1.5 = 0
= S10 . 1.500 = 600.000
-600.000
S10 = = 400.00 Kg (Tarik)
-1.5
==> Σ MD = 0
= 245.000 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 2.857 - 70.0 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 = 0
= 700.000 - 200.000 + 100 - S18 . 0.985 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 400.000
-400.000
S18 = = 406.00 Kg (Tarik)
-0.985
◊ Akibat Beban Angin Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.07
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.07

52 ,75 8 K g
62 ,5 47 Kg
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429
E
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.5
46,91 Kg
39,568 Kg

VI XII Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124

8 7,11 8 K g

10 3,2 8 K g
V
3
19 4 XI Panjang DE = EF = 2.931
18

IV D F 77,461 Kg Px Simpul A = 54.927 Kg Px Simpul Eka = 62.1798

65,338 Kg 20
5.0
6 8,7 20 K g

81 ,47 K g
10 X
17 K
III J VI XII
21 5
IX Py Simpul A = 54.927 Kg Py Simpul Eka = 62.1798
2 16
II 11 9
C V XI G 61,103 Kg Px Simpul C = 109.854 Kg Px Simpul F = 106.121
51,540 Kg 22

40 ,73 5 Kg
I
3 4,3 6 0 K g

VIII
I 15 L VII
1
14
12 IV X 23
6
Py Simpul C = 109.854 Kg Py Simpul F = 106.121
8
III
25,770 Kg HA = 675.2838 IX 30,551 Kg
Px Simpul D = 132.652 Kg Px Simpul G = 87.8833
A 13 H M 7 B
II VIII
I VII Py Simpul D = 132.652 Kg Py Simpul G = 87.8833

10.00 Px Simpul Eki = 77.725 Kg Px Simpul B = 43.9416

Py Simpul Eki = 77.725 Kg Py Simpul B = 43.9416

RA = 194.686 RB = 113.644
###
1 1.429
Sin α = Cos α =
√ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2 √ 1.5 2 + 1.429 2
1 1.42857
= = 0.483 = = 0.690
√4.291 √4.291
¤ Potongan I - I
==> Σ MH = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 - S1 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 278.123 - 78.467 - S1 . 0.690 = 0
= -S1 . 0.690 = 199.656
199.656
S1 = = -289.50 Kg
-0.690

==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.5 - S13 . 1.5 = 0
= 278.123 + 1012.926 - 78.46721 - 82.391 - S13 . 1.500 = 0
= S13 . 1.500 = 1130.191
-1130.191
S13 = = 753.46 Kg
-1.5
¤ Potongan II - II
==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.5 - S12 . 0.690 . 1.5 =
= 278.123 + 1012.926 - 78.46721 - 82.391 - S12 . 1.034 = 0
= S12 . 1.034 = 1130.191
-1130.191
S12 = = 1092.52 Kg
-1.034
==> Σ MA = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 1092.52 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 - 753.461 = 0
= -S14 . 1.429 = 753.461
S14 = 753.461
= -527.42 Kg
-1.429
¤ Potongan III - III
==> Σ MI = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 + 675.28 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.5 + S2 . 0.483 . 1.429 =
= 556.247 - 156.934 + 1012.926 - 82.391 + S2 . 0.690 = 0
= S2 . 0.690 = 1329.848
1329.848
S2 = = -1928.28 Kg
-0.690
==> Σ MH = 0
= 194.69 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 + 109.854 . 1.5 + S15 . 1.5 - 1928.28 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 278.123 - 78.467 + 164.781 + S15 . 1.5 - 1994.77 = 0
= -S15 . 1.500 = 1630.334
-1630.334
S15 = = 1086.89 Kg
-1.500
¤ Potongan IV - IV
==> Σ MD = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.854 . 1.429 + 675.284 . 3.0 - 54.927 . 3.0 - 109.85 .
S11 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.9344 + 2025.851 - 164.78 - 164.78 - S11 . 0.690 = 0
= S11 . 0.690 = 1938.7
-1938.7
S11 = = 2811.07 Kg
-0.690
==> Σ MC = 0
= 194.686 . 1.429 - 54.927 . 1.429 + 675.2838 . 1.5 - 54.927 . 1.5 + 2811.07 . 1.429 . 0.483 - S16 .
= 278.123 - 78.467 + 1012.926 - 82.391 + 1938.667 - S16 . 1.429 = 0
= S16 . 1.429 = 3068.859
 -3068.859
S16 = = 2148.20 Kg
-1.429
¤ Potongan V - V
==> Σ MJ = 0
= 194.686 . 4.286 - 54.927 . 4.286 - 109.854 . 2.857 - 132.652 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 3.0 - 54.93 .
109.854 . 1.5 + S3 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 834.370 - 235.402 - 313.8688 - 189.503 + 2025.85 - 164.7811 - 164.7811 + S3 . 0.690 = 0
= S3 . 0.690 = 1791.887
-1791.887
S3 = = -2598.24 Kg
0.690

==> Σ MI = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.85 . 1.429 - S17 . 1.50 - 2598.24 . 0.690 . 1.5 +
675.28 . 1.50 - 54.927 . 1.50 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.9344 - S17 . 1.50 - 2687.83 + 1012.93 - 82.39057 = 0
= S17 . 1.500 = -1514.917
1514.917
S17 = = -1009.94 Kg
-1.500

¤ Potongan VI - VI
==> Σ ME = 0
= 194.686 . 5.714 - 54.93 . 5.714 - 109.854 . 3.571 - 132.652 . 2.143 - S10 . 1.5 + 675.28 .
54.927 . 4.25 - 109.85 . 3.5 - 132.652 . 2.0 = 0
= 1112.494 - 313.869 - 392.336 - 284.25 - S10 . 1.5 + 2868.23 - 233.30 - 384.49 - 265.30
= S10 . 1.500 = 2107.175
-2107.175
S10 = = 1404.78 Kg
-1.5

==> Σ MD = 0
= 194.686 . 2.857 - 54.927 . 2.857 - 109.85 . 1.429 - S18 . 0.690 . 1.429 + 675.28 . 3.0
54.927 . 3.0 - 109.854 . 1.5 = 0
= 556.247 - 156.934 - 156.934 - S18 . 0.985 + 2025.85 - 164.781 - 164.781 = 0
= S18 . 0.985 = 1938.7
-1938.7
S18 = = 1967.75 Kg
 S18 = = 1967.75 Kg
-0.985

¤ Potongan VII - VII

==> Σ MM = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - S6 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - S6 . 0.690 = 0
= -S6 . 0.690 = -99.575
-99.575
S6 = = 144.38 Kg
-0.690

==> Σ MG = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 - S7 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - 65.91245 - S7 . 1.500 = 0
= S7 . 1.500 = -33.663
-33.663
S7 = = -22.44 Kg
1.5

¤ Potongan VIII - VIII

==> Σ MG = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - S8 . 0.690 . 1.5 - 43.942 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - 65.91245 - S8 . 1.034 = 0
= S8 . 1.034 = -33.663
-33.663
S8 = = -32.54 Kg
1.034

==> Σ MB = 0
= S23 . 1.429 - 32.54 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= S23 . 1.429 - 22.442 = 0
= S23 . 1.429 = 22.442
S23 = 22.442
= 15.71 Kg
1.429
¤ Potongan IX - IX
==> Σ MI = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 1.5 - S5 . 0.483 . 1.429 - 87.8833 . 1.429 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 65.912 - S5 . 0.690 - 125.5475 = 0
= S5 . 0.690 = 7.690
7.690
S5 = = 11.15 Kg
0.690

==> Σ MM = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 + 87.883 . 1.5 + S22 . 1.5 - 11.15 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 + 131.825 + S22 . 1.5 - 11.53504 = 0
= S22 . 1.5 = -219.865
-219.865
S22 = = -146.58 Kg
1.5

¤ Potongan X - X
==> Σ MF = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 87.883 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 3 - 87.883 . 1.5 +
S9 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 125.548 - 131.825 - 131.825 + S9 . 1.034483 = 0
= S9 . 1.034 = 190.047
190.047
S9 = = 183.712 Kg
1.034

==> Σ MG = 0
= 113.644 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 + S21 . 1.429 + 183.71 . 0.690 . 1.5 = 0
= 162.349 - 62.774 - 65.912 + S21 . 1.429 + 190.0473 = 0
= S21 . 1.429 = -223.710
-223.710
S21 = = -156.60 Kg
1.429
¤ Potongan XI - XI
==> Σ MK = 0
= 113.644 . 4.286 - 43.942 . 4.286 - 87.883 . 2.857 - 106.121 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 3.0 - 87.88 .
S4 . 0.483 . 1.429 = 0
= 487.046 - 188.321 - 251.095 - 151.602 - 131.825 - 131.825 + S4 . 0.689655 = 0
= S4 . 0.690 = 367.622
367.622
S4 = = 533.052 Kg
0.690

==> Σ ML = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 87.883 . 1.429 - 43.942 . 1.5 - 533.052 . 0.690 . 1.5
S20 . 1.5 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 125.548 - 65.912 - 551.433 + S20 . 1.5 = 0
= S20 . 1.5 = -543.743
-543.743
S20 = = -362.50 Kg
1.500

¤ Potongan XII - XII

==> Σ ME = 0
= 113.644 . 2.857 - 43.942 . 2.857 - 87.883 . 1.429 + S19 . 0.690 . 1.5 - 43.942 . 3.0 -
87.883 . 1.5 = 0
= 324.698 - 125.548 - 125.548 - 131.825 - 131.825 + S19 . 1.034483 = 0
= S19 . 1.034 = 190.047
190.047
S19 = = 183.712 Kg
1.034
 2.07 m
2.07 m
1.429 m
1.5 m
2.124 m
2.931 m
62.1798 Kg
62.1798 Kg
106.121 Kg
106.121 Kg
87.8833 Kg
87.8833 Kg
43.9416 Kg
43.9416 Kg
 0

1.5 -

1.429
3.0 -

4.25 -

= 0

-
0

0
1.5 +

+
@) Kontrol Beban Mati
==> Titik Simpul A

140.931 Kg
SH = S1 Cos α
S1 SV = S1 Sin α

S13

==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 935.18 + S1 . Sin 40 - 140.931 = 0
= 935.18 + S1 . 0.643 - 140.931 = 0
S1 . 0.643 + 794.244 = 0
-794.244
S1 = = -1235.62 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1645.22 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1235.62 - 1645.22
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-1235.62

==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -1235.62 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -1235.62 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 1235.62 . 0.766
= 946.543 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 756.42 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 946.54 + 756.42
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
946.54
==> Titik Simpul B
140.931 Kg
S6 Cos α

S6

S6 Sin α
S7

935.176 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 935.18 + S6 . Sin 40 - 140.931 = 0
= 935.18 + S6 . 0.643 - 140.931 = 0
S6 . 0.643 + 794.244 = 0
-794.244
S6 = = -1235.62 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -1645.22 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -1235.62 - 1645.22
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-1235.62
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -1235.62 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -1235.62 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 1235.62 . 0.766
= 946.543 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 756.42 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 946.54 + 756.42
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
946.54
@) Kontrol Beban Hidup
==> Titik Simpul A

70 Kg S1 Cos α

S1 S13 Sin α

S13

RA = 245 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RA + S1 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 245 + S1 . Sin 40 - 70 = 0
= 245 + S1 . 0.643 - 70 = 0
S1 . 0.643 - 175 = 0
-175
S1 = = -272.25 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -362.50 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -272.25 - 362.50
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-272.25
==> ΣH = 0
= S1 . Cos α + S13 = 0
= -272.3 . Cos 40 + S13 = 0
= -272.3 . 0.766 + S13 = 0
S13 = 272.25 . 0.766
= 208.557 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 166.67 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 208.56 + 166.67
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
208.56
==> Titik Simpul B

S6 Cos α 70 Kg

S6
S6 Sin α

S1

245 Kg

==> ΣV = 0
= RB + S6 . Sin α - P Total Simpul A = 0
= 245 + S6 . Sin 40 - 70 = 0
= 245 + S6 . 0.643 - 70 = 0
S6 . 0.643 - 175 = 0
-175
S6 = = -272.25 Kg
0.643
Dengan Cara Ruiter = -362.50 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = -272.25 - 362.50
x 100 % = 2.331 % < 3 % Ok
-272.25
==> ΣH = 0
= S6 . Cos α + S7 = 0
= -272.25 . Cos 40 + S7 = 0
= -272.25 . 0.766 + S7 = 0
S7 = 272.25 . 0.766
= 208.557 Kg
Dengan Cara Ruiter = 166.67 Kg
Selisihnya Adalah = 208.56 + 166.67
x 100 % = 1.799 % < 3 % Ok
208.56
 Beban Mati Beban Hidup Angin Kiri Angin Kanan BM + BH BM + BAKI BM + BAKA
Batang Maksimal
1 2 3 4 1+2 1+3 1+4
S1 -1645.22 -362.50 -289.50 144.38 -2007.72 -1934.72 -1500.84 -2007.72

S2 -3916.02 -580.00 -1928.28 11.15 -4496.02 -5844.30 -3904.87 -5844.30

S3 -2967.39 652.50 -2598.24 533.05 -2314.89 -5565.62 -2434.34 -5565.62

S4 -2967.39 652.50 533.05 -2598.24 -2314.89 -2434.34 -5565.62 -5565.62

S5 -3916.02 -580.00 11.15 -1928.28 -4496.02 -3904.87 -5844.30 -5844.30

S6 -1645.22 -362.50 144.38 -289.50 -2007.72 -1500.84 -1934.72 -2007.72

S7 756.42 166.67 -22.44 753.46 923.09 733.98 1509.88 1509.88

S8 1096.81 241.67 -32.54 1092.52 1338.48 1064.27 2189.33 2189.33

S9 2664.86 580.00 183.71 2811.07 3244.86 2848.58 5475.93 5475.93

S10 1812.07 400.00 1404.78 1404.78 2212.07 3216.86 3216.86 3216.86

S11 2664.86 580.00 2811.07 183.71 3244.86 5475.93 2848.58 5475.93

S12 1096.81 241.67 1092.52 -32.54 950.24 2189.33 1064.27 2189.33

S13 756.42 166.67 753.46 -22.44 923.09 1509.88 733.98 1509.88

S14 -529.50 -117 -527.42 15.71 -646.16 -1056.92 -513.79 -1056.92

S15 1944.28 233.33 1086.89 -146.58 2177.61 3031.17 1797.70 3031.17

S16 2080.73 455 2148.20 -156.60 2535.73 4228.93 1924.13 4228.93

S17 2657.76 -48.33 -1009.94 -362.50 2609.42 1647.81 2295.26 2609.42

S18 1865.40 406.00 1967.75 183.71 2271.40 3833.15 2049.12 3833.15

S19 1865.40 406.00 183.71 1967.75 2271.40 2049.12 3833.15 3833.15

S20 2657.76 -48.33 -362.50 -1009.94 2609.42 2295.26 1647.81 2609.42

S21 2080.73 455 -156.60 2148.20 2535.73 1924.13 4228.93 4228.93

S22 1944.28 233.33 -146.58 1086.89 2177.61 1797.70 3031.17 3031.17

S23 -529.50 -117 15.71 -527.42 -646.16 -513.79 -1056.92 -1056.92

>>> Menghitung Gaya - gaya Batang
◊ Batang Atas ( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 5844.30 ( Tekan )
p
σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
5844.30
==> σtr // = < 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
1298.732586
= = 15.28
85
h = ≥ 15.28 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 15.28
5844.30
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
5844.30
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 81.17 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2

◊ Batang Bawah ( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12 )

¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 3216.86 ( Tekan )
p
σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
3216.86
==> σtr // =
4.5 h
< 85 Kg/Cm2

714.857362
= = 8.41
85
h = ≥ 8.41 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 8.41
3216.86
Kontrol σtr // = ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
3216.86
= ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
= 44.68 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2

◊ Batang Tegak ( S14, S16, S21, S23 )

¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 4228.93 ( Tarik )
==> Lk = L = 1.5 m = 150 cm ( Panjang Batang )
==> Ix = Imin = 0.289 h ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 14 )
==> Fnet = 4.5 h cm2 ( Diambil b = 6 )
x = 1/12 . b . h3 cm4
 Ix =
√ Ix
Fn
= 0.289 cm

==> Ix = Jari - Jari

x = Momen Inersia
Fn = Luas Penampang
W = Faktor Tekuk

◊ Kelangsingan Batang
= Lk
==> λ
Ix
≤ 150 ( Acuan : PKKI Hal. 9 )
150
=
0.289 ≤ 150

519.03
= = 3.46
150
h = ≥ 3.46 ( Diambil h = 7 )
7 = ≥ 3.46
Maka = 150
λ
0.289 7
≤ 150

= 74.15 ≤ 150 Ok

==> Dari Tabel Faktor Tekuk Untuk λ = 74.15 Didapat

W = 2.3604 Kg/Cm2
σtk = 25 Kg/Cm 2

Kontrol
= w ≤ σtk //
= 2.3604 ≤ 25 Kg/Cm2
◊ Batang Horizontal ( S15, S17, S20, S22 ) Dan Batang Diagonal (S18, S19 )
¤ Gaya Batang ( p ) Maks : 2609.42 ( Tarik )
σtr // = p ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
Fn
==> Fnet = 0.75 b.h ( Diambil b = 6 )
Fnet = 0.75 . 6 h
= 4.5 h
==> σtr // = 2609.42 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
4.5 h
= 579.9 = 6.82
85
h = ≥ 6.82 ( Diambil h = 12 )
12 = ≥ 6.82
Kontrol σtr // = 2609.42 ≤ σtr // = 85 Kg/Cm2
b.h
= 2609.42
≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6 . 12
 = 36.24 ≤ 85 Kg/Cm2
6
Dimensi Batang Horizontal Dengan Diagonal = 1 .
12
>>> Desain Sambungan Titik Simpul
◊ Sambungan Bentangan Dua
==> Untuk Sambungan Bertampang Dua ( Kayu Kelas II )
* λb = 4.3
* Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )

* Ŝ = 200 . d . b1 ( 1 - 0.6 Sin α )

* Ŝ = 430 . d 2
( 1 - 0.35 Sin α )

Dimensi : Ŝ = Kekuatan Sambungan ( Kg )

α = Sudut Antara Gaya Dan Arah Serat Kayu

b1 = Tebal Kayu Tepi ( Cm )

b3 = Tebal Kayu Bawah ( Cm )

d = Dimensi Baut

b b ( Diambil b = 6 )
* λb = d
d λb
6
= = 1.395 Cm = 13.953 mm
4.3

3 3
==> Diameter Baut : Ф = . 2.54 = 3.81 Cm
2 2

Simpul A
S1 = -2007.72
2 x 6/12

2 x 6/12 S13 = 1509.88

A
 A

VA = 194.686

==> Sambungan S1 dan S13 dengan Memakai gigi tunggal

*) Karena ada dua batang yang menahan gaya S = 2007.72 Kg
Maka Besar Gaya tiap Batang = 1/2 . 2007.72 = 1003.860
*) σtk // ( α/2 ) = σtk // - ( σtk // - σtk ) Sin α/2
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 / 2
= 85 - 60 . 0.383
= 85 - 22.961
= 62.039 Kg/cm2
Ѕ . Cos2 ( α / 2 )
*) tm =
σtk // . b
1003.860 . Cos2 45 / 2
=
62.039 . 6
1003.860 . 0.935
=
62.039 . 6
938.513
=
372.234
= 2.52 CM
Untuk Harga α antara 50° - 60° besarnya gigi maksimum harus disisipkan lurus, gigi dibuat memuat garis bagi sudut luar 2 ß (ß = 45 )
Ѕ . Cos α
*) Im =
Ʈ . b
1003.860 . cos 45
=
12 . 6
1003.860 . 0.707
=
72
709.836
=
72
= 9.859 CM
Syarat Im ≥ 15 cm Diambil IM = 15 CM

12

45

S13
 tm
S13 12

Im
6

Simpul H
S14 = 1056.92 >> θ = 90 °
>> ß = 45 °
S12 = 2189.33 >> b = 6 Cm

5/
7 >> b3 = 5 Cm
X
2 >> P = 1056.92
ß
θ
S13 = 1509.88
2 X 6/12 H

==> Batang S14 dihubungkan dengan Batang S13

◊ Dipakai Sambungan Baut

==> Ŝ = 100 . d . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.4
= 762.0 Kg
==> Ŝ = 200 . d . b1 ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.4
= 1828.8 Kg
==> Ŝ = 430 . d2 . ( 1 - 0.6 sin θ )
= 430 . 3.81 2 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 90 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.6 . 1 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.4
= 2496.77 Kg

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 762.0 Kg

P 1056.92
Jumlah Baut = = = 1.387 ≈ 2 Buah
Ŝ 762.0

Simpul C S2 = 5844.30

12
6/
X >> P = 3031.17
2

C S15 = 3031.17 >> α = 45

1 X 6/12

5/7

S1 = 2007.72 S14 = 1056.92

 ==> Sambungan batang S15 dengan batang S1 (sambungan baut)
==> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 45 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.707 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.576
= 1096.777 Kg
==> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 45 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.707 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.576
= 2632.265 Kg

==> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2 ( 1 - 0.35 sin 40.2 )

= 430 . 14.5161 ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.646 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.774
= 4831.227 Kg

Diambil Yang terkecil Ŝ = 1096.777 Kg

3031.17
==> Jumlah Baut = n = = 2.764 ≈ 3 Buah
1096.777
==> Sambungan batang S14 dengan batang S15 (Memakai sambungan gigi tunggal)
>> θ = 90 °
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
>> tm = 3031.17
= 71.198 = 7.120 Cm
42.6

>> Im = 3031.17 3031.168 3031.168

= = = 4.2 Cm
b.H 6 . 12 72.0
`
Diambil I m = 15 Cm
Simpul E
E

>> α1 = α2 = 22
α1 α2 >> d = 3.81
2
6/1
1X

S3 = 5565.62 S4 = 5565.62

S18 = 3833.15 S19 = 3833.15

==> Batang S18 dengan batang S3 (sambungan Baut)

>> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )
= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 0.775
= 1476.825 Kg
>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )
= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 0.775
 = 3544.379 Kg
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 22 ⁰ )
= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.375 )
= 430 . 14.5161 . 0.869
= 5423.530 Kg
3833.15
Diambil Harga terkecil n = = 2.6 ≈ 2 Buah
1476.825
Pada setiap sambungan di tambah 2 baut ø 3/2 untuk perkuatan plat baja

Dipakai plat baja

>> Tebal ( t ) = 0.3 . d = 0.3 . 3.81 = 1.143 Cm
>> Lebar ( c ) = 3 . d = 3 . 3.81 = 11.43 Cm

Simpul I
S16 = 4228.93

S11 = 5475.93

2
S15 = 3031.17 6 /1
1 X 5/7 X
2
I

S12 = 2189.33

==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang bawah memakai sambungan baut ø 3/2 sebanyak 2 buah
==> Sambungan batang S16 dengan batang S15 ( sambungan tunggal α = 90⁰ )
>> σtk // ( α/2 ) = 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) Sin 45 ⁰
= 85 - ( 85 - 25 ) 0.707
= 85 - 42.43
= 42.57 Kg/cm2
4228.93 Cos2 45 4228.93 . 0.84971049 3593.3668
>> tm = = = = 14.067 Cm
42.6 . 6 255.4 255.4
4228.93 Cos 90 4228.93 . 6E-17 0.0
>> Im = = = = ###
b . h 6 . 12 72
Diambil Im = 15 Cm
Simpul J
S18 = 3833.15

S17 = 2609.42 S10 = 3216.86

S11 = 5475.93

==> Batang S10 dengan batang S7 (sambungan Baut)

 >> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 180 ⁰ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1E-16 )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1

= 1905.0 Kg

>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 180 ⁰ )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 1E-16 )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1

= 4572.0 Kg
⁰
>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2
( 1 - 0.35 sin 180 )

= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.0 )

= 430 . 14.5161 1

= 6241.923 0

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 1905.0

2609.42
Jumlah baut : n = = 1.370 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0

Plat uluran = 11.43 . 114.3 m

==> Batang S11 dengan batang S18 (sambungan Baut)

>> Ŝ = 100 . 3.81 . b3 ( 1 - 0.6 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )

= 100 . 3.81 . 5 . 1

= 1905.00 Kg

>> Ŝ = 200 . 3.81 . b ( 1 - 0.6 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 ( 1 - 0.6 . 0.375 )

= 200 . 3.81 . 6 . 1

= 3544.379 Kg

>> Ŝ = 430 . 3.81 2

( 1 - 0.35 sin 158 ⁰ )

= 430 . 14.5161 . ( 1 - 0.35 . 0.37 )

= 430 . 14.5161 . 1

= 5423.530 Kg

Diambil Harga terkecil Ŝ = 1905.0

3833.15
Jumlah baut : n = = 2.012 ≈ 2 Buah
1905.0
>>> Perhitungan jumlah kayu yang digunakan
Panjang AC = CD = FG = GB = 2.071 m
E
Panjang HI = IJ = KL = LM = 2.071 m
Panjang AH = CI = DJ = KF = LG = MB = 1.429 m
Gording
Atap Seng
Panjang CH = DI = FL = GM = 1.500 m
D F Panjang EJ = EK = 2.124 m
J K 5.0 Panjang DE = EF = 2.931 m
C G
I L

A H M B

10.00

◊ Batang gording 5 Cm x 7 Cm
==> Luas penampang = 5 x 7 = 35 Cm = 0.0035 m
==> Panjang bangunan = 17.00 m
==> Jumlah gording arah melintang bangunan untuk dua sisi yang sama
dengan jarak antara gording 1.036 m adalah
7.07
* u = 2 ( + 1 ) = 15.654 ≈ 16 Buah
1.036
==> Volume kayu untuk gording = 16 . 4 . 0.0035
V1 = 0.224 m3

◊ Batang atas ( 6 / 12 ) Batang ganda

==> ( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 2.071 ) + 2 ( 2.931 )
= 8.286 + 5.862
= 14.148 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 14.148 x 0.0072
V2 = 0.102 m3

◊ Batang Bawah ( 6 / 12 ) Batang ganda

==> ( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )
*) Panjang Batang = 3 ( 1.429 ) + 4 ( 2.071 )
= 4.286 + 8.286
= 12.571 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 12.571 x 0.0072
V3 = 0.091 m3
◊ Batang Diagonal ( 6 / 12 ) Batang Tunggal
==> ( S18, S19 )
*) Panjang Batang = 2 ( 2.124 )
= 4.247
= 4.247 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 4.247 x 0.0072
V4 = 0.031 m3

◊ Batang Tegak ( 5 / 7 ) Batang Tunggal

==> ( S14, S16, S21, S23 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 1.500 )
= 6.000
= 6.000 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.05 x 0.07
= 0.0035 m 2

*) Volume Kayu = 6.000 x 0.0035

V5 = 0.021 m 3

◊ Batang Horizontal ( 6 / 12 ) Batang Tunggal

==> ( S15, S17, S20, S22 )
*) Panjang Batang = 4 ( 1.429 )
= 5.714
= 5.714 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m 2

*) Volume Kayu = 5.714 x 0.0072

V6 = 0.041 m 3

◊ Volume tambahan untuk Simpul A & B

*) Im = 15 Cm = 0.15 m
*) Luas Penampang = 0.06 x 0.12
= 0.0072 m2
*) Volume Kayu = 0.150 x 0.0072
V7 = 0.001 m 3
◊ Total Volume Kayu untuk kuda - kuda

*) Jumlah Kuda - kuda = 6 17.00 3.00

Volume Kayu Untuk 1 Volume Kayu Untuk 7

Batang Dimensi kayu
Kuda - kuda Kuda - kuda

Batang Gording Kayu 5/7 0.224 M3 1.26933333333 M3

Batang Tegak
Kayu 5/7 0.021 M3 0.119 M3
( S14, S16, S21, S23 )

Total Volume Kayu 5/7 0.245 M3 1.388 M3

Batang atas
Kayu 6/12 0.102 M3 0.577 M3
( S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 )

Batang Bawah
Kayu 6/12 0.091 M3 0.513 M3
( S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13 )

Batang Diagonal
Kayu 6/12 0.031 M3 0.173 M3
( S18, S19 )

Batang Horizontal
Kayu 6/12 0.041 M3 0.233 M3
( S15, S17, S20, S22 )

Im Kayu 6/12 0.001 M3 0.006 M3

Total Volume Kayu 6/12 0.265 M3 1.503 M3

*) Total Volume Kayu Yang Dibutuhkan = 2.891 M3