Date: 24-10-2019

Ultra fine
Grinder
Introduction:
Many commercial powders must contain particles averaging 1 to 20 µm in size, with
substantially all particles passing a standard 325-mesh screen that has openings 44 µm
wide. Mills that reduce solids to such fine particles are called ultrafine grinders. Ultrafine
grinding of dry powder is done by grinders, such as high-speed hammer mills, provided
with internal or external classification, and by fluid-energy or jet mills. Ultrafine wet
grinding is done in agitated mills.
Ultrafine grinding techniques are those techniques which are more energy-efficient than
conventional milling techniques in the sub 100 µm range. Hammer mills work in the
principle that most materials will crush, shatter, or pulverize upon impact.
Ultrafine grinding mill is mainly used in the processing of materials such as metallurgy,
building materials, chemical industry.

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 Date: 24-10-2019

Experiment No. # 9
Objective:
To determine the Bond’s law and Rittinger’s law for Ultra Fine Grinder.

Apparatus:
 Ultrafine grinder
 Digital balance,
 Stopwatch,
 Plastic bowls

Material:
Pieces of bricks

Procedure:
1. First take 2 or 3 bricks and break into medium pieces by using hammer and then measure
the mean size of each piece.

2. Weight the size feed on the balance.

3. Note down the initial reading of energy meter (Eo).

4. Switch on the Grinder and stop watch and simultaneously start feeding the material.

5. Switch Off the grinder and timer immediately after finishing the crushing.

6. Now operate empty mill and note the time to and then note the energy consumed for
empty run (Eb = E2-E1) and then net energy required for crushing is Enet.

7. Calculate Bond’s law and Rittinger’s law constants by the following formula.

1 1
Enet =2 C
(√ −
L2 √ L 1 )
1 1
Enet =k R f c ( −
L2 L1 )
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 Date: 24-10-2019

Observations & Calculations:

Analysis of feed:
Prominent dimensions
Bisected di (mm) Mean size
brick piece d´ i=∑ d i/3
d1 d2 d3
# (mm)
1- 18.25 10.075 9.275 12.53
2- 8.025 5.40 14.37 9.266
5
3- 10.05 5.375 6.225 7.216
d´F =Σdi /3 = L1 = 9.67 mm

L1 = 9.67 mm

Analysis of Product:

Opening Mean Mass Mass Xi × dpi

Sr # Mesh # size size(mm) retained fraction (L2)
(mm) dpi (Kg) xi=mi/mt (mm)
(d1+d2)/2
1- 30 0.595 0 0.02 0.011 0
2- 80 0.178 0.386 0.122 0.071 0.027
3- 100 0.149 0.163 0.612 0.356 0.058
4- 150 0.105 0.127 0.334 0.194 0.0246
5- 220 0.068 0.086 0.492 0.286 0.0245
6- PAN --- --- 0.136 0.079 0
Total --- --- --- =1.716Kg L2= 0.1341/5
= 0.0268 mm

Weight of feed = 2 kg
Average size of particles = L1 = 9.67 mm
Gross energy = Eg= 0.075 KWh
Time of crushing = 1.5 minutes
Empty run Energy = Eb = 0.0625 KWh

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 Date: 24-10-2019

Net energy = Enet= Eg– Eb = 0.0125 KWh

L2 = ∑ xi Dpi = 0.0268 mm

Rittinger’s law Bond’s Law

E = Kr fc (1/L2 – 1/L1) E = 2C(1/L20.5 – 1/L10.5)

For this law, (P=-2) for this law, (P = -1.5)

1 1 1 1
0.0125=k R ( 0.0035 ) ( −
0.0268 9.67 ) 0.0125=2C ( −
√ 0.0268 √ 9.67 )
,

Kr = 0.095 kWhmm3/kg C = 0.0010 kWhmm1/2

Graphs:

Graph between mass fraction and size of opening:

Mass fraction vs size of opening

0.4

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

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 Date: 24-10-2019

Graph between mass fraction and mean size:

Mass fraction vs Mean size

0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Result:
Kr = 0.095 kWhmm3/kg
C = 0.0010 kWhmm1/2

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