Develop Public Speaking Skills

LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
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Course Title: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.
INTRODUCTION
Chapter III Communication for Various Purposes
Lesson 1: Informative, Persuasive, and Argumentative Communication
Lesson 2: Public Speaking
This lesson also centers on the communication skills needed in giving information, persuasion, and
argumentation. It also details correspondence for employment and communication within a company.
LEARNING TARGETS/GOALS
At the end of the course, the students are expected to:
1. Create clear, coherent, and effective communication materials.

2. Adopt cultural and intercultural awareness and sensitivity in
communication of ideas.
3. Write and present academic papers using appropriate tone,
style, conventions, and reference styles.
ENGAGE
Let’s play: The ENDGAME

Goal: To develop and nurture
competent, persuasive, and confident
public speaking skills among the
participants
Direction: Choose from the topics one
popular topic. Each will takes a turn to
choose. The task is to tell their argument
why they lean on one side.
Do humans caused climate change?

Should we vote the Marcoses to power again?
Should we fight our territory against China?
Do you believe in Karma? Do you believe in the afterlife?
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Should we allow Marijuana to be legalized?
Are women liable to attract rape on themselves or Men should be liable?
Should we keep “utang na loob” in our culture?
EXPLAIN
Communication is made for numerous purposes.

The way messages are crafted depends highly on
the intention of the sender.
CHAPTER 3 – COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

LESSON 1: INFORMATIVE, PERSUASIVE, AND ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
In a supermarket, a sales agent makes sure that the way a product is promoted gets consumers buying. A news
anchor delivers information in such a way that all the facts are clearly stated doing away with words that may
confuse. On the other hand, a criminal lawyer must design his arguments supported by facts to convince the
judge and the jury. 30 Purposive Communication
Informative Communication involves giving than asking. As an informative communicator, you want
your receivers to pay attention and understand, but not to change their behavior. By sharing information,
ignorance is reduced, or better yet, eliminated. The informative value of a message is measured by how novel
and relevant the information is or the kind of understanding it provides to the receivers.
Osborn (2009) purports that informative communication arises out of three deep impulses:
a. We seek to expand our awareness of the world around us.
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b. We seek to become more competent.
c. We have an abiding curiosity about how things work and how they are made.
When preparing for an informative exchange, ask yourself the following questions:
1. Is my topic noteworthy to be considered informative?
2. What do my recipients already know about my topic?
3. What more do they have to know?
4. Am I knowledgeable enough of my topic to help my receivers understand it?
Persuasive Communication is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of view.
a. provides a choice among options.
b. advocates something through a speaker.
c. uses supporting material to justify advice.
d. turns the audience into agents of change.
e. asks for strong audience commitment.
f. gives importance to the speaker's credibility.
g. appeals to feelings.
h. has a higher ethical obligation.
Argumentative Communication relies heavily on soundproof and reasoning. The nature of proof has been
studied since the Golden Age of Greece and has been improved through time. According to Aristotle, logos,
ethos, and pathos are the three primary forms of proof. In our time, whoever, many scholars have confirmed the
presence of the fourth dimension of proof, mythos, which suggests that we respond to appeals to the traditions
and values of our culture and to the legends and folktales that embody them.
Lucas (2007) claims that to avoid defective argumentation, the following must be avoided:
1. Defective evidence
• Misuse of facts
• Statistical fallacies
•Defective Testimony
•Inappropriate evidence
2. Defective Patterns of Reasoning
• Evidential fallacies - Evidential fallacies arise from a
misunderstanding of the nature of evidence, or from a disparity in the
strength of one's belief/disbelief and the degree of evidence supporting
that belief/disbelief.
Slippery slope fallacy-

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A slippery slope fallacy occurs when someone claims a series of events that would lead to one major event,
usually a bad event. In this fallacy, a person claims that one event leads to another event and so on until we
come to some awful conclusion. Example: "A slice of pizza contains fat. Fat can lead to excessive
cholesterol. Cholesterol can lead to clogged arteries. Clogged arteries can lead to a heart attack. Heart
attacks can be a cause of death. Thus, a single slice of pizza can kill you."
Confusing facts with opinion fallacy –
Asserting opinions as fact, or discounting facts as opinions
Red Herring fallacy –
Distracting readers with irrelevant material
The myth of the Mean fallacy –
Using averages to cover up problems or to skew perception
• Flawed proofs
Ad hominem
Attempting to tie the validity of your opponent's argument to his credibility rather than its intrinsic
merits
Begging the question
The argument fails to prove anything because it applies what it is supposed to prove as fact. This is also
known as circular logic.
• Defective arguments
Shaky principle
Basing a line of argument on an unsound assumption.
Omitted qualifiers
Confusing probability with certainty by asserting a conclusion without qualification.
Post Hoc
A occurred before B, thus A caused B
Non sequitur
Reasoning in which principles and observations are unrelated to each other or the conclusion drawn.
Hasty generalization
Concluding a limited observational pool, or conclusion based on insufficient or non-representative
observations.
Faulty analogy
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An analogy which does not apply to the situation in question
LESSON 2: PUBLIC SPEAKING
Direction: Let each student share what they think.

The following questions will help structure the mini-speech
within the class.
1. What is your greatest advocacy in life?

2. Why do you strongly believe such?
Have you taken action to do something about it to others?
3. What were the actions you have taken so
others can imitate or follow your example?
4. Tell the short story about how it happened End with an invitation
to the audience to join you in your advocacy.
Public speaking is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence, or

entertain an audience. Speech is the term used to refer to the body's spoken expressions of information and
ideas. A speech may be delivered in any of the following modes:
 read from a manuscript,
 memorized speech and
 delivered extemporaneous or impromptu.
The Choice Of Mode Of Speech Delivery is determined by factors such as length of preparation, the
complexity of the message, purpose, and occasion.
Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when the speech is long and

when details are complicated and essential such as that they need to be given
completely. Reading is also appropriate when one is asked to deliver a prepared
speech on behalf of another speaker. Reading may pose the least challenge in
public speaking but the speaker may be tricked into thinking that no preparation is
needed. When a message is delivered through reading, the force, naturalness, and
eye contact may be diminished because the eyes have to travel from page to the
audience and vice versa.
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Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory.

This method is excellent for short messages although it is also used for longer
pieces in oratorical, declamation, and other literary contests. Just like a read
speech, a memorized speech also poses a challenge in naturalness. The worst
experience one could have in delivering a memorized speech is to forget the lines
and fail to shift smoothly to another mode of delivery.
Extemporaneous speaking may have a short or a long preparation. The speaker may use an outline to guide
him through his speech to achieve better organization and to avoid leaving out details. But unlike reading,
extemporaneous speaking necessitates the speaker to formulate his sentences while he is speaking.
Extemporaneous is a method that most lecturers and teachers use. A good extemporaneous speaker must be
spontaneous.
Impromptu means speaking at the spur of the moment. Since there is very minimal or no time for preparation
given for impromptu, the content and organization may suffer. Impromptu may not deliver the best thought in
the best way but it brings out the most natural thing to say at the moment.
Guidelines for writing a speech (Lucas, 2015)

1. Focus on your topic.
2. Develop your topic.
3. Organize your speech.
a) Introduction b) Body c) Conclusion
Elements for a good delivery

1. Volume
2. Pitch
3. Rate
4. Pauses
5. Vocal variety
6. Pronunciation
7. Articulation
8. Movement
9. Gestures
10. Eye contact
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6 Ways To Turn Nervousness From A Negative Force Into A Positive Force (Lucas, 2015)
A. Acquire speaking experience
B. Prepare, prepare, prepare.
C. Think positively.
D. Use the power of visualization.
E. Know that most nervousness is not visible.
F. Do not expect perfection.
Pieces of advice (Lucas, 2015)

A. Be at your best physically and mentally.
B. As you are waiting to speak, quietly tighten and relax your leg muscles, or squeeze your hands together and
then release them.
C. Take a couple of slow, deep breaths before you start to speak
. D. Work especially hard on your introduction. Once you get through it, you will be sailing smoothly for the
rest of the way.
E. Concentrate on communicating with your audience rather than worrying about your stage fright.
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TAKEAWAYS
Remember these!
Directions: Manage your takeaways from this lesson by completing the following statements: (5points)
1. The topic that interest me most was

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. I am excited to learn more about

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
EVALUATE
Directions (15 points) 5-content;5-grammar; 5-persuasiveness

Write a Speech, and read it in class choose from the following:
A. The Most Influential Person In My Life
B. The Most Important Decision I Have Made Yet.
C. The Most Important Lesson I Have Learned Lately.
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D. The Most Important Contribution I Want To
Make In My Generation.
REFERENCES
Books:
Geraldine Wakat, Analyn Caroy, Fred Paulino, et al. Purposive Commication (2018) published by
Rex Bookstore
Leomar S. Galicia, Nerissa C. Gabelo, Janaet B. Oab, et al. Purposive Communication (2018)
published by Panday Lahi
Web sources:
Anime Ellen Baker, retrieved August 28, 2020, from

https://www.pngegg.com/en/png-zxrqx and https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2016-04-
15/english-textbook-publisher-asks-for-discretion-in-portrayals-of-teacher-character-ellen-
baker/.101059

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LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA

MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

At the end of the course, the students are expected to:

1. Create clear, coherent, and effective communication materials.

Let’s play: The ENDGAME

Do humans caused climate change?

Communication is made for numerous purposes.

CHAPTER 3 – COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

Slippery slope fallacy-

LESSON 2: PUBLIC SPEAKING

Direction: Let each student share what they think.

1. What is your greatest advocacy in life?

Public speaking is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence, or

Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when the speech is long and

Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory.

Guidelines for writing a speech (Lucas, 2015)

Elements for a good delivery

Pieces of advice (Lucas, 2015)

1. The topic that interest me most was

2. I am excited to learn more about

Directions (15 points) 5-content;5-grammar; 5-persuasiveness

Anime Ellen Baker, retrieved August 28, 2020, from

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