1.

True or false
The definition of ecology was firstly offered in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel
True

2. Write correct answer

Biological science, which studies structure and functionality of superorganic systems in space
and time, in natural conditions and changed by human conditions is called ecology

3. Choose correct
answer Ecology of the
sea Ecology of dry land
Ecology of the ocean
Ecology of fresh waters
is a classification of ecology by habitat

4. Choose correct answers

By habitat ecology is classified to:
Ecology of the sea
Ecology of dry land
Ecology of the ocean
Ecology of fresh waters

5. Choose correct answers

By object of the research ecology is classified to:
Ecology of plants
Ecology of microorganisms
Ecology of
vertebrades
Ecology of humans

6. Choose correct
answer Ecology of
plants
Ecology of microorganisms
Ecology of vertebrades
Ecology of humans
is a classification of ecology by object of the research

7. Choose correct answer

What structural part of ecology studies interrelations of separate individual (representative of
species) with the environment; determines stability limits and preferences of specie regarding
different ecological factors?
Autecology

8. Choose correct answer

What structural part of ecology studies interrelations of populations with the environment,
studies demographics and row of other populations from the standpoint of their relations with
the environment?
Demecology
 9. Choose correct answer
What structural part of ecology studies biotic communities and their interrelations with the
environment; forming of communities, their energetic, structure, development, etc?
Synecology

10. Indicate accordance between levels of biological organization

- Molecular;
- Cellular;
- Organismal;
- Populational;
- Ecosystemical;
- Biospherical (ecospherical).

11. Write correct answer

Community of living organisms in conjunction nonliving components of their environment
(things like air, water and mineral soil). These biotic and abiotic components are regarded
as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows is called Ecosystem
12. Write correct answer
What consistent part of biogeocenosis is shown on the image?

Climatop

13. Write correct answer

What consistent part of biogeocenosis is shown on the image?

Edafotop

14. Write correct answer

What consistent part of biogeocenosis is shown on the image?

Hydrotop

15. Choose correct answer

What is Ernst Haeckel famous for?

The definition of ‘ecology’ was firstly offered in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel

16. Choose correct answers
Indicate classification of air pollution by origin:
Natural
Anthropogenic

17. Indicate accordance between global ecological problems

? mechanical (dust) 2. radioactive (isotopes) 3. elecrtomagnetic (electromagnetic radiation) 4. noise
(different loud noises) 5. heat pollution

Natural (volcanic eruption, forest fires, etc.)

Artificial (anthropogenic):

Mechanical pollutants – dust of cement factories, soot, etc.

Chemical pollutants – dust-like and gaseous substances, able to enter into chemical reaction

Disafforestation (Deforestation)
Influencing on the atmosphere - Causes global worming (one of the biggest reasons of
greenhouse effect)
Influencing on water - Affects on water circulation
Influencing on ground - Decreases adhesion of ground
Influencing on biosphere - Tropical forests are the richest ecosystems, each second people clear
forest area with the same area as football field

18. Move necessary elements on their places

Arrange consistent parts of biogeocenosis in correct position
Atmosphere (climatop)
Earth (edaphon)
Ecotop
Biocenosis
Animals (zoocenosis)
Plants (phytocenosis)
Microorganisms (microbiocenosis)
19. Indicate accordance between illumination and its classification

20. Choose correct answers

Classification of illumination by destination:
 Working - Provides necessary conditions for normal work
Emergency - Used in places, where the absence of illumination can cause danger of explosion,
fire, poisoning of people
Evacuation - For safe evacuation of people from premises in possibly dangerous places
Guard - Provided along the territory during night time or inside premises

21. Indicate accordance between types of lamps

Incandescent lamp (filament bulb) - Heating of tungsten filament up to 2500-3000ºС
Luminescent lamp - There is luminophor inside the lamp – blend of argon and mercury vapors.
LED lamp - LED – light-emitting diode
Halogen lamp - It is incandescent lamp with buffer gas inside it (vapors of bromine and iodine)
Arc mercuric luminescent lamp - Period of service: 10 000 hours , Works only from alternating
current , Have full illumination 7 minutes after it wad switched on , Stable for different temperatures of
the environment
Gas-discharged lamp
Neon lamp
Xenon lamp
Ultraviolet lamp
Kerosene
Quartz
Infrared
Sodium

22. Choose correct answers

Advantages of filament bulbs
Low cost
Instant lighting

23. Choose correct answers

Disadvantages of filament bulbs
a)Negative influence on vision
b)Service period – 1000 hours
c)Low efficiency – only 10% of
electricity is used for lighting,
90% goes fore heating

24. Choose correct answer

What is the main consistent part inside luminescent lamp?

There is luminophor inside the lamp – blend of argon and mercury vapors.
25. Choose correct answers
Advantages of luminescent lamps
High efficiency
Service period – from 2000 hours
up to 20000 hours (from 83 days
up to 2,3 years)
Lighting color is close to natural
(better for vision)

26. Choose correct answers

Disadvantages of luminescent
lamps
Chemical danger
Work only when temperature is +
5°С … + 55 °С
Necessity of utilization

27. Choose correct

answer What is
luminophor?
blend of argon and
mercury vapors

28. Choose correct answer

What lamps have the longest service period?
LED lamp

29. Choose correct answer

What lamp works due to heating of tungsten filament up to 2500-3000ºС
Incandescent lamp (filament bulb)

30. Choose correct answer

incandescent lamp with buffer gas inside it (vapors of bromine and iodine) is Halogen lamp

31. Write correct answer

Oscillation of particles of the environment that can be sensed by human acoustic organ
as unwanted signals is called Acoustic noise

32. Choose correct answers

Noise classification by
origin:
Aerodynamic (noise in gases);
• Hydrodynamic (noise in
liquids);
• Electromagnetic;
• Mechanical.
33. Choose correct answer
What are measuring units of sound frequency?
Sound frequency is characterized by the oscillation quantity of acoustic (sound) wave for
one unit of time. Measured in hertz (Hz)

34. Choose correct answer

Sound with frequency 300 Hz belongs to
Sound (20 — 20000 Hz); Low-speed (LF) sound (< 400 Hz);

35. Choose correct answer

Sound with frequency 1100 Hz belongs to
Sound (20 — 20000 Hz); High-speed (high-frequency) (> 1000 Hz).
36. Choose correct answer
Limits of middle-speed (middle-frequency) are from 400 up to 1000 Hz

37. Choose correct answer

Acceptable level of noise for sleep, rest is from 30 up to 45 decibel

38. Choose correct answer

What device is shown on the image?
 Sound-level meter (phonometer) is used for measuring noise level.

39. Choose correct answer

Human can hear sound in within limits from 20 up to 20000 Hz

40. Choose correct

answers What can emit
infrasound?

Infrasound frequency matches to a frequency of human body that can cause resonance.

41. Write correct answer

Sound with frequency lower than 20 Hz is called _ Infrasonic

42. True or false

Infrasound can be stopped by building constructions, personal protective equipment
True (хз не впевнений точної відповіді немає)
43. Choose correct answer
In what environment sound has the biggest speed?
Правильна відповідь: Metal
44. Choose correct answer
What can stop
infrasound?
Infrasound can be stopped by building constructions, personal protective equipment

45. True or false

The upper limit of ultrasound is 2 000 000 Hz
false

46. Write correct answer

Sound with frequency bigger than 20 000 Hz is called Ultrasound

47. True or false

Human beings are able to hear ultrasound
false
48. True or false
Vibration can be useful and harmful
true

49. Write correct answer

Mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillation occur about an equilibrium point is called
Vibration
 50. Write correct answer
Harmful vibration can lead to operating disturbance and destruction, is has negative influence
on human organism

51. Write correct answer

Useful vibration is used in vibration equipment, during vibrodrilling, etc

52. Indicate accordance between images and types of vibration

Useful vibration is used in vibration equipment, during vibrodrilling, etc. Harmful vibration can lead
to operating disturbance and destruction, is has negative
Vibration influence on human organism
By the manner vibration is divided to local and general.

53. Write correct answer

What disease is shown on the image

Vibration white finger (VWF)

54. Indicate accordance between stages of VMF and its symptoms

1st stage – pain in fingers, numbness
2nd stage – log-lastin pain in fingers
3rd stage – fingers whitening, X-ray shows changes of bones and joints structure
4th stage – spreading of 3rd stage on whole body, constant pain in bones

55. Write correct answer

Disturbance of normal life conditions that can lead to human deaths or material losses is called
Emergency situation

56. Write correct answer

Terrorism, war, revolution, arson, etc, are anthropogenic emergency situations

57. Write correct answer

Hurricane, flood, tornado, volcano eruption, earthquakes, etc. are natural_
emergency situations

58. Choose correct answer

Hurricane Irma was natural disaster of what level?
5-th level, global?
59. Choose correct answer
Catastrophe on Fukusima nuclear station was an emergency situation of what level?
Правильна відповідь: State (national)
60. Write correct answer
Global, state (national), regional, local, objective is a classification of emergency situations by
level
61. Choose correct answer
Fire on some production is an emergency situation of what level?
objective
62. Write correct answer
Extreme natural phenomenon that leads to sudden worsening of human activities is called
natural disaster

63. Write correct answer

—Lithosphere
—Hydrosphere
—Atmospheric
—Related to space
is a classification of natural disasters by localization

64. Indicate accordance between natural disaster and its classification by localization
Lithosphere (eruption of volcano, landslide, earthquakes)
 Hydrosphere (flood, avalanche, tsunami)
 Atmospheric (hurricanes, typhoons, heavy shower, tornados)
 Related to space (meteorites, asteroids, solar radiation)

65. Indicate accordance between natural disaster and its name

ну тут мали б бути картінки я так поняв

66. Write correct answer
Atmospheric ND, which creates free surface vortex with heights up to 1.5 km is called Tornado

67. True or false

Inside the vortex of tornado air goes down, outside – goes up.
true
68. Choose correct answer
This is a map of potential territory risk of tornado

69. Choose correct answer

This is map of potential territory risk of tropical cyclones
 70. Choose correct answer
Where typhoon can
happen?
Japan, Korea and part of Russia
71. Choose correct answer
Earthquake with 8-9 points or more by Richter scale is called Megathrust
72. Indicate accordance between conditions and actions during earthquake
If you are inside the building (2-3 floor) – it is better to go out (you have only 15-20 seconds);
 If you are on top floors – stay inside the building and open doors;
 The safest places are near main walls, as far as it possible from windows, inside door space, in
the bath tub (if it soviet);
 If you are outside – don’t go inside buildings and don’t stay near them. Stay away from electric
lines;

73. Indicate accordance between conditions and actions during tsunami

 If you are in transport – stop and open doors. What to do? (tsunami)
 Evacuate on heights at least 30-40 m or 2-3 km from the coast
 If it impossible to evacuate, move on the top of the building
 Inside the premises it is better to stay near main walls, as far as it possible from windows;
 If you are outside, fasten yourself to something durable (tree, for example) If you are
already in water, fasten yourself to floating objects
74. Choose correct answer
What causes aurora (northern lighting)? The “northern lights” are caused by collisions
between fast-moving particles (electrons) from space and the oxygen and nitrogen gas in our
atmosphere.

75. Choose correct answer

Why Aurora (northern lighting) has different colors?
Because it can collide with oxygen and nitrogen
When the particles collidewith oxygen, yellow and green are produced.
Interactions with nitrogen produce red, violet, and occasionally blue colors