STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF MULTI CELL BOX CULVERT

Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Client: Kuwait Energy Designed By: Ahmed Alsalihi Date: 3-Jul-21
Job Name/Station: Culvert Structural Design Verified By: Yassin Algareeb Revision:
DESIGN OF SIDE WALLS AND BOTTOM SLAB:- Version 1.0

INPUT DATA
CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, f'c 30 MPA

REBAR YIELD STRENGTH, fy 420 MPA

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT, gc 24 kN/cum

SATURATED SOIL UNIT WEIGHT, gs 18 kN/cum

HEIGHT OFCULVERT, H 1500 mm

WIDTH OF CULVERT, B 3000 mm

THICKNESS OF SIDE WALLS, tw 350 mm

THICKNESS OF TOP SLAB, tts 300 mm

THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SLAB, tbs 400 mm

DEPTH OF FILL, hf 1600 mm

IMPOSED SERVICE DEAD LOADS, wd 0 KPa

ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE, Qa 82 KPa please verify

SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION, f 30 Deg. with SIR
PREFERRED REBAR SIZE 16 mm

CONCRETE COVER TO REBAR CENTER 75 mm Design Summary

NO. OF REINFORCEMENT LAYERS 2 Shear Status O.K.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT SPACING 200 mm Flexure Status O.K.
TEMPERATURE REINFOR. SPACING 200 mm Soil Pressure Status O.K.

LOADS ON THE CULVERT

For the design purposes a one-meter length of the culvert is considered.

Side Walls
Soil pressure
kah = (1 - sinf ) / (1 + sinf ) 0.333
Surcharge on side walls due to top soil 28.8 KPa

(cont'd)
Height of surcharge (h' = s / gs ) 1.6 m

Linear pressure at the bottom of the side wall 18.6 kN/m

Selfweight
Two side walls = tw (H - tbs - tts) gc 13.4 KN

Bottom Slab
Self weight of the whole structure
Linear soil pressure due to stru. selfweight 50.08 kN/m See note 1

Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)

Linear soil pressure due to live loads 14.11 KN/m See note 1

FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS

Load factor for dead load 1.25 (AASHTO 3.4.1)

Load factor for horizontal earth pressure 1.50 (AASHTO 3.4.1)

Load factor for live load 1.75 (AASHTO 3.4.1)

From the Construction

team the highest load
would be 15 ton/m2,
convert this to the axle
load
 where all this distributed load
coming from? please explain

45.00 24.70
14.40 14.40

27.9 27.9
62.6 24.70

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE

The structure is analyzed using the moment distribution method.
The fixed-end moment at each joint is the superposition of the fixed-end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure
loads.
Joint A B D C
Member AC AB BA BD DB DC CD CA
Length 0.80 3.00 3.00 0.80 0.80 3.00 3.00 0.80
Moment of Inertia 0.0292 0.0250 0.0250 0.0292 0.0292 0.0333 0.0333 0.0292
Distrib. Factor 0.81 0.19 0.19 0.81 0.77 0.23 0.23 0.77
FEM 1.06 -52.28 52.28 -1.06 1.20 -65.48 65.48 -1.20
Distribution 41.69 9.53 -9.53 -41.69 49.26 15.01 -15.01 -49.26
Carry Over -24.63 -4.76 4.76 24.63 -20.85 -7.51 7.51 20.85
Distribution 23.93 5.47 -5.47 -23.93 21.73 6.62 -6.62 -21.73
Carry Over -10.86 -2.73 2.73 10.86 -11.96 -3.31 3.31 11.96
Distribution 11.07 2.53 -2.53 -11.07 11.71 3.57 -3.57 -11.71
Carry Over -5.85 -1.27 1.27 5.85 -5.53 -1.78 1.78 5.53
Distribution 5.79 1.32 -1.32 -5.79 5.61 1.71 -1.71 -5.61
Carry Over -2.80 -0.66 0.66 2.80 -2.90 -0.85 0.85 2.90
Distribution 2.82 0.64 -0.64 -2.82 2.88 0.88 -0.88 -2.88
Carry Over -1.44 -0.32 0.32 1.44 -1.41 -0.44 0.44 1.41
Distribution 1.43 0.33 -0.33 -1.43 1.42 0.43 -0.43 -1.42
Carry Over -0.71 -0.16 0.16 0.71 -0.72 -0.22 0.22 0.72
Distribution 0.71 0.16 -0.16 -0.71 0.71 0.22 -0.22 -0.71

Moment Sum 42.20 -42.20 42.20 -42.20 51.15 -51.15 51.15 -51.15
 (cont'd)

SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Bottom Slab

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

60.0

40.0
Mmax (+) 51.15 kN/m

Moment (kN-m)
Mmax (-) -47.07 kN/m 20.0

0.0

0.00

0.45

0.90

1.35

1.80

2.25

2.70
Design Moment 51.15 kN/m
-20.0

-40.0
breakdown where
this Design -60.0
Distance x (m)
Moment coming
from Bottom Slab Shear Diagram
150.0

100.0
Vmax (+) 130.95 kN
50.0
Vmax (-) -130.95
Shear (kN)

kN

0.0
0.00

0.45

0.90

1.35

1.80

2.25

2.70
Design Shear 72.02 kN
-50.0
At distance d from the face of the support
-100.0

Not OK for Shear -150.0

Distance x (m)
Vmax>Vdesign

breakdown MDesin
and Vdesign coming
from
(cont'd)
Side Walls
Side Walls Moment Diagram
60.0

40.0

Mmax (+) 51.15

Moment (kN-m)

kN/m
20.0
Mmax (-) -40.66 kN/m
0.0
0.00

0.12

0.24

0.36

0.48

0.60

0.72

Design Moment 51.15 kN/m -20.0

-40.0
breakdown where
this Design -60.0
Distance x (m)
Moment coming
from Side Walls Shear Diagram
-100.0
0.00

0.12

0.24

0.36

0.48

0.60

0.72

-102.0
-104.0
-106.0
Shear (kN)

-108.0
Vmax (+) -107.32 kN
-110.0
Vmax (-) -118.48 kN -112.0
-114.0
-116.0
Design Shear 116.44 kN
-118.0
At distance d from the face of the support
-120.0
Distance x (m)

shear not Ok.

Vmax > V design
 Distance x (m)

THICKNESS CHECK
Shear strength provided by concrete = fVc = f0.17 (f'c)0.5 bw d (ACI 11.2.1.2)

Component d (mm) fVc (kN) Vd (kN) Status

Bottom slab 325 227.0 72.0 O.K.
Side walls 275 192.0 116.4 O.K.

REINF. CALCULATIONS
Minimum reinforcement ratio for main reinforcement, ρmin 0.0008 See note 2 (AASHTO 5.10.8)

Minimum reinforcement ratio for temperature reinforcement, ρmin 0.0008 See note 2 (AASHTO 5.10.8)

Maximum center to center spacing of reinforcement, smax 600 mm Max (1.5 t, 450) (AASHTO 5.10.3.2)

MAIN REINFORCEMENT TEMPRATURE REINF.

Component
d (mm) Mu(kN-m) As (mm ) 2
As prov ρact ρmin Status ρact ρmin Status
Bottom slab 325 56.8 463 2011 0.0050 0.0016 O.K. 0.0050 0.0016 O.K.
Side walls 275 56.8 547 2011 0.0057 0.0016 O.K. 0.0057 0.0016 O.K.

SOIL PRESSURE CHECK

Pressure on soil 64.19 KPa

Allowable soil pressure 82.00 KPa

Status O.K.
please check with
the SIR

1- In reality, the uplift soil pressure on the bottom slab may not be uniform. However, for simplicity, it shall be assumed to be uniform.
2- Minimum reinforcement ratio found is for one layer of reinforcement and shall be multiplyed by 2 if there is 2 layers of reinforcement.
3- Clear distance between two layers of reinforcement shall not be more than 150mm and less than 25mm.
4- All soil has been assumed to be saturated soil.
5- It has been assumed that only one axle of the design truck comes on the culvert at a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more
widths this design spreadsheet can not be used since it is possible that two axle loads come on the culvert.