Topic- ‘DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OF SUGARCANE CUTTING MACHINE ’

1. INTRODUCTION

In agricultural harvesting we require maximum man power, ample money and also it is more
time consuming process. In cutting process we face various problems and these are not easily
solved. The design of this machine is very simple also easy to implement. In this manner we are
designing the Sugarcane Cutting Machine to reduce effort and time. In sugar cane farms we are
using this machine for cutting purpose. This is user friendly cutting machine, anyone can handle
this machine in any working condition.

Skilled persons aren’t required for

operating this machine.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Mohammad Zeeshan Ali, K. I. Ahmad [1]

Agriculture is the most important trade of India. In India almost every cultivator (farmer)
facing the labor shortage problem andhigh labor wages. The sugar cane harvesting is a very
critical activity which involves great effort or workby labor for cutting the cane. The labors are
experience sustained injuries due to intense stress on the joints and muscles of the body. And
also modern world need faster rate of production of agriculture products. This research paper
is based on design and fabrication of sugarcane cutting machine for Cane-can industry, this
machine will be required to cut the sugar cane of size upto 10 ft. to a size of approx.2ft
sugarcane stick should be cut in one cycle. The machine has to be semi-automatic, the operator
will be responsible for feeding the machine with sugarcane sticks. The pieces of sugarcane will
be finally collected by the operator at the end of operation. It reduces cost of labor as
compared to manual operation. Also, consumed less time as compared to manual system and it
will be safe

V. Sathishkumar [2]

Agriculture is the only means of living for almost two thirds of the workers in India. The
agriculture sector of India has occupied 43% of India’s geographical area, and is contributing
16.1% of India’s GDP. Agriculture still contributes significantly to India’s GDP despite decline
of its share in India’s GDP. There are number of crops grown by farmers. These include different
food crops, commercial crops, oil seeds etc. Sugarcane is one of the important commercial crops
grown in India. In India agriculture is facing serious challenges like scarcity of agricultural labor,
not only in peak working seasons but also in normal time. This is mainly for increased nonfarm
job opportunities having higher wage, migration of labor force to cities and low status of
agricultural labors in the society.

M. Siranjeevi [3 ]

Approximately 80% of the world’s sugar is produced from sugarcane in tropical and subtropical
climates, with the remaining 20% derived from sugar beet, which is grown mostly in the
temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. 70 countries produce sugar from sugarcane, 40 from
sugar beet and 10 from both. In agricultural harvesting we require maximum man power, ample
money and also it is more time consuming process. In cutting process we face various problems
and these are not easily solved. The design of this machine is very simple also easy to
implement. In this manner we are designing the Sugarcane Cutting Machine to reduce effort and
time. In sugar cane farms we are using this machine for cutting purpose. This is user friendly
cutting machine; anyone can handle this machine in any working condition. Skilled persons
aren’t required for operating this machine.

Caryn Elizabeth Benjamin [4]

The project here involved the design and testing of a sugar cane yield monitoring system
during the 1999 and 2000 harvest year. The system was mounted on a CAMECO CH 2500
1997 sugar cane combine harvester. The sugar cane yield monitoring system consisted of a
scale, a data acquisition system, and a differential global positioning system (DGPS). The
scale consisted of a weighing machine supported by load cells. The load cells were protected
in a enclosed box, which mounted to the frame of this machine. The weighing
equipment, which was mounted at the base of the elevator, directly recorded instantaneous
figures of the sugar cane yield. A dump wagon equipped with a weighing equipment
consisting of load cell was used for each test as the standard.

3. DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS

I. Catia Model-
II. DESIGN OF MACHINE

Design of Shaft:

For designing cutter shaft we are consider 1HP electric motor A.C supply 720 rpm.
So, calculating design of shaft as follows,
P=2*3.14*N*T/60

Where,
P= Power of motor in KW
T= Torque in N-m
N= Speed of motor in rpm

745.7=2*3.14*100*T/60
T=71.21 N-m

So, Considering material for bar is mild steel, Therefore,

Syt=150 N/mm^2 and F.O.S=4

fs=0.5*Syt/F.O.S

Where;
fs= Shear stress in N/mm^2
fs=0.5*150/4
s=18.75 N/mm^2
So, To find diameter of cutter shaft is as follows,
T=( π/16)*fs*(d^3)
71.21= ( π/16)*18.75*(d^3)
d=25mm

Diameter of cutter shaft is 25 mm.

Checking torsion failure in cutter shaft

T=( π/16)*fs*(d^3)
71.21 * 10^3 = ( π/16)*fs*(25^3)
fs=23.24 N/mm^2

Design is not safe because shear force is maximum

So, we are increasing the diameter of cutter shaft

Consider diameter of cutter shaft =30mm

Again checking torsion failure in cutter shaft

T=( π/16)*fs*(d^3)
71.21 * 10^3 = ( π/16)*fs*(30^3)
fs =13.42 N/mm^2
So, Design is safe
Diameter of cutter shaft is 30mm.

Design of Cutter:
T=F*R
T=11.58N-m
Cutting force=106.5 N
Hence cutter radius=108.73 mm

It is recommend to use case hardened cutting steel for cutter. Use standard cane cutter
blades available in the agriculture equipment shops locally.
REFERANCE:

[1] Mohammad Zeeshan Ali, K. I. Ahmad, “Sugar Cane Yield Monitoring System”, B.S.
B.E., Louisiana State University, Graduate Faculty
of the Louisiana State University, 2002.

[2] V. Sathishkumar Mr. Rohit J.Masute, Dr. Sharad S.Chaudhari and Prof .S. S. Khedkar,
“Design And Fabrication Of Small Scale Sugarcane 2015.

Harvester”, IJRDO-Journal Of Mechanical And Civil Engineering,

[3] M. Siranjeevi Joby Bastian and B. Shridar, “Investigation on Mechanical Properties of
Sugarcane Stalks for the Development of a Whole 2014’

Cane Combine Harvester”, Indian Journal Of Applied Research,

[4] Caryn Elizabeth Benjamin R. R. Price, R. M. Johnson, R. P. Viator, J. Larsen and A. Peters,
“Fiber Optic Yield Monitor For A Sugarcane Harvester”,
American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineer, 2011.

[5]Suleiman Samaila, Hamid Mohammed Al-Sharief and Salihu Ahmed Abdulkadir,

“Development of a Tool to Determine the Energy Required to Cut and Top Sugarcane”,
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola, Adamawa State,
Nigeria, 2012.