Final Review Rock and Phenomenal of Earth

The diagram below shows the Moon revolving or orbiting around Earth as viewed from
space.
1. The moon orbiting the Earth causes
a. day and night
b. moon phases
c. a change in the day of the week
d. seasons
2. How long does it take for the moon to orbit the Earth one time?
a. 29 days b. one day c. about one month
d. 24 hours e. 365 days f. one year
3. Which phase of the moon would a person on Earth see when the Moon and Earth are
in the locations shown below?

4. Which phase of the moon would a person on Earth see when the Moon and Earth are
in the locations shown below?

The diagram below shows the dates of four of the Moon phases observed during June,
2008
5. On which date did the next New Moon occur?
a. July 9 b. July 10 c. July 2 d. July 2
6. Which moon phase is missing in this sequence?

7. Which moon phase is missing in this sequence?

8. The picture below shows the moon revolving around the Earth. As it revolves different
phases of the moon are seen on Earth. Draw a picture of the correct moon phase in
each box. Also write rite the letter of correct moon phase above each box.

9. Starting with the new moon, number 1, number the other moon phases 2-8
in the correct order.
10. Day and night is caused by
a. the Earth revolving around the Sun
b. the Earth rotating on its axis
c. the moon revolving around the Earth
d, the Sun becoming hotter and cooler
11. What is the invisible path the Earth takes around the Sun called?
a. an equator b. an axis c. a rotation d. an orbit
12. This drawing is a model of the earth rotating on its axis. How long does it take for one
complete turn?
a. 365 days b. 24 hours c. one day d. both b and c
Answer questions 13-16 using the diagram of the Earth shown below.
13. Which season of the year would it be at the
North Pole?
a. summer b. fall
c. winter d. spring
14. Which season of the year would it be at the
South Pole?
a. summer b. fall
c. winter d. spring
15. Which area would get the most hours of sunlight?
a. North Pole b. South Pole c. the Equator
16. Which are would have the longest nights and shortest days?
a. North Pole b. South Pole c. the Equator
Answer questions 17-20 using the diagram of the Earth shown below.
17. Which season of the year would it be at the
North Pole?
a. summer b. fall
c. winter d. spring
18. Which season of the year would it be at the
South Pole?
a. summer b. fall
c. winter d. spring
 19. Which area would get the most hours 25. The following shows a ___________
of sunlight? eclipse happening.
a. North Pole
b. South Pole
c. the Equator a. solar c. Lunar
20. Which are would have the shortest b. Complete d. Partial
days and longest nights? 26.What is the best way to look at a Solar
a. North Pole Eclipse?
b. South Pole a. Stare directly at it.
c. the Equator b. Look at it using dark sunglasses.
21. Kind of eclipse in which Moon blocks c. Look at it using sunglasses and
out the Sun entirely is classified as quickly look away.
a. annular eclipse d. Use a pinhole camera and look at
b. titanic eclipse its image.
c. total eclipse 27. A Solar Eclipse happens when the
d. partial eclipse __________ blocks the _________.
22. A Lunar Eclipse happens when the a. Earth blocks the Sun.
_______ blocks the _____________.
b. Moon blocks the Earth.
a. Earth casts a shadow on the Sun.
c. Sun blocks the Moon.
b. Moon casts a shadow on the Earth.
d. Moon blocks the Sun
c. Sun casts a shadow on the Moon.
d. Earth casts a shadow on the Moon 28. The following shows a __________
23. A Solar Eclipse can happen during a eclipse happening.
____________moon.
a. Full c. New
a. solar c. Lunar
b. Quarter d. Gibbous
b. Complete d. Partial
24. Where in the diagram would you see a
29. A Lunar Eclipse can happen during a
Total Eclipse if you were on Earth?
____________moon
a. Full c. New
a. A c. C b. Quarter d. Gibbous
b. B d. D 30. During a lunar eclipse, what color does
the moon appear?
a. Black c. Red-orange
b. Yellow-green d. White
Tell whether each example is Chemical (C), Mechanical (M), or Biological (B) weathering.

_______ 1 Baseball-sized hail began to smash against the hillside breaking apart the soil.

2 Salt water enters a rock, water dries, salt crystals grow and wedge the rock
_______
apart.

_______ 3 Minerals in rocks dissolve forming stalactites/stalagmites in a cave.

_______ 4 The tree roots are causing the concrete slabs of a sidewalk to break apart.

_______ 5 The wind and rain has caused damage to the tombstones in a cemetery.

6 A seed has found its way into a rock and a plant is beginning to split the small
_______
stone.
7 The pollution has recently been high, and acid rain is destroying some
_______
monuments.
8 A combination of fungi and algae grow upon the surface of a rock slowly “eating
_______
it away”.

_______ 9 Flooding has caused a landslide and part of the hillside has been affected.

10 The salty water of the ocean is eating away the concrete support posts of the
_______
pier.
Match the statement with the correct cause of erosion.
_______ 1 The coastlines of oceans & beaches have shrunk over time. A Precipitation
_______ 2 The raindrops washed away the seeds and soil in the garden. B Rivers
_______ 3 The winter snow is melting and is rapidly moving debris. C Waves
_______ 4 A tunneling rabbit has led to a small sinkhole in the yard. D Floods
_______ 5 A small canyon was formed due to a fast-moving waterway. E Wind
_______ 6 A dust storm in the west is causing problems for farmers. F Glaciers
_______ 7 The woods have cut down and replaced by hundreds of homes. G Gravity
_______ 8 The road was closed following a rock slide along the highway. H Living
organisms
_______ 9 It has rained for five days; the streets have been washed away. I Human
_______ 10 Mountains of ice carved out areas where lakes are now located.
1. ……………………………rock originates from 6. Which of the following aspect we should
molten rock. not consider when studying a rock
a. Igneous a. color b. Hardness
b. Metamorphic c. Shape d. texture
c. Sedimentary 7. Sedimentary rocks are mainly made up
d. Weathered of
2. which of the following is an igneous I lava III Pebbles
rock? II Magma IV dirt
a. Gneiss b. Limestone a. I and II only
c. Granite d. Sandstone b. II and III only
3. ………………………….. is rich with skeletons of c. III and IV only
sea animals. d. I, III and IV only
a. shale b. Basalt 8. All rock can turn into magma by
c. Conglomerate d. Limestone a. cooling b. melting
Sedimentary x,y Igneous rocks c. pressure d. deposition
rocks 9. To become rock A, other rocks
4. Sedimentary rock san change into have to experience great pressure and
igneous rock through processes X and Y. heat. Rock A is a kind of rock. What is
X and Y are most probably rock A?
a. erosion and cooling a. Igneous rock
b. weathering and erosion b. Metamorphic rock
c. weathering and melting c. Sedimentary rock
d. melting and cooling d. Sand
5. Which of the statements is true? 10. The figure shows an example of
a. Deep in the center of our Earth is a. Igneous rock
very cold b. Metamorphic rock
b. Lava is the molten rocks in the c. Sedimentary rock
Earth. d. soil
c. Magma can flow up on to the 11. Which of the following are examples of
surface of the Earth. sedimentary rocks?
d. Rocks can melt on the ground. a. marble, slate, quartzite
b. limestone, coal, sandstone
c. granite, basalt, pumice
12. What are the three major types of was sedimentary. Which observation BEST
rocks? supports this conclusion?
a. solid, liquid, gas a. the yellow color
b. igneous, sedimentary, limestone b. the layers within the rock
c. sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic c. the hardness of the rock
d. ava, magma, mantle d. the location where the rock was found
13. A__________ is made up of one or Use the rock cycle diagram to answer
more minerals. the question 19 - 20.
a. mineral b. sandstone
c. shale d. rock
14. What geological processes change
pieces of rocks, minerals, and other
materials into sedimentary rock?
a. Cooling
b. Heat and pressure
c. Compacting and cementing
d. Melting 19. Which pair of letters best represents
15. In what type of rock can you the sequence of a sedimentary rock
sometimes find fossils? changing into a metamorphic rock?
a. igneous b. sedimentary a. B, C c. B, D
c. metamorphic d. lava b. E, C d. E, D
20. Which title best describes the diagram?
16. Which type of rock is crystallized from
melted rock? a. Geologic Time
a. sedimentary b. igneous b. The Rock Cycle
c. metamorphic d. chemical c. Rocks and Minerals
17. Which best classifies the rock shown? d. Earth's Spheres
a. Igneous rock 21. What geological process can change
b. Metamorphic rock any type of rock into sediment?
c. Sedimentary rock a. Cooling
d. mud b. Heat and pressure
18. Declan observed a rock that he found c. Melting
at the beach. The rock felt hard, it was d. Weathering and erosion
yellow, and appeared to be made in
layers. Declan concluded that the rock
22. How are igneous rocks formed?
a. Pressure and heat changes a rock
b. Dirt settles on the bottom of a lake or
ocean and is pushed together
c. Liquid lava or magma that cools over
time
d. Plants or animals become covered in
dirt, pressed down, and preserved.
23. What processes change a rock into a
metamorphic rock?
a. weathering and erosion
b. sedimentation and cementation
c. melting and solidification
d. high temperature and pressure
24. _________ igneous rock is formed
when melted rock cools inside Earth.
a. Detrital c. Intrusive
b. Extrusive d. Chemical
25. How does air chemically weather a
rock?
a. the air molecules are abrasive
b. air fills cracks in the rock and later
expands, causing the cracks to get
bigger
c. the oxygen in the air combines with
elements in the rock in a process
called oxidation
d. the rock cracks after absorbing too
much oxygen in a process called
oxidation
26. What is the process of rocks being
broken down over time called?
a. Weathering
b. Accumulation
c. Condensation
d. Evaporation
27. The movement of rock particles by ice,
wind, water, or gravity is called
________________.
a. weathering
b. erosion
c. deposition
d. sedimentary
28. The actions of animals most commonly
can cause the type of weathering known
as ___________.
a. mechanical weathering
b. chemical weathering
c. biological weathering
d. electrical weathering
29. After chemical weathering, what
happens to the chemical make up of the
weathered rock?
a. The rock stays the same.
b. The rock changes form.
c. The rock gets larger.
d. The rock disappears.
30. What kind of weathering causes the
minerals of the rocks to change?
a. mechanical weathering
b. permeable weathering
c. chemical weathering
d. general weathering