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目 录

前言
第一章 存在句型
句型1 there+be+真实主语
第二章 否定句型
句型2 主语+助动词+not+行为动词或表语+其他
句型3 主语+否定式谓语+状语或从句
句型4 not+含有全体意义的代词和副词(all, every及其派生词both, always, entirely,
wholly等)+谓语动词
句型5 主语+否定式谓语+不定代词或不定副词(not...any, not...either)
第三章 不定式句型
句型6 主语+动词+宾语+动词不定式
句型7 for+宾格词+不定式
第四章 比较句型
句型8 主语+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+than分句
第五章 省略结构
句型9 (省略主语)+谓语+其他
句型10 (省略的主语)+(省略的系动词be/助动词/实义动词)+其他
句型11 主语+谓语+and+(省去相同的主语、谓语等)+其他
句型12 第一分句,but/and/or+主语+(省去相同的实义动词等成分)+其他
句型13 (省略there/there be/it is)+代词或形容词+其他
句型14 主语+谓语动词+(后句)主语+...to(略去相同动词)
第六章 数词句型
句型15 more than等表示“多于”的限定词+数词
句型16 about等约数限定词+数词
句型17 every+数词(基数词或序数词)+名词
句型18 on+月份+(日子)序数词(th)+(年份)基数词
句型19 at+基数词(minutes)+past/to+基数词(o'clock)
句型20 主语+be+(限制语)数词+years old/years of age
句型21 主语+cost/be worth/be valued或rated+be/+数词+单位
句型22 数词+量词+of+实物名词
第七章 连词句型
句型23 第一分句(让步意义),but+第二分句
句型24 主句+as/while+时间从句
句型25 When+时间状语,(then)+主句,主句+when+时间从句
句型26 主句 (现在完成时/一般现在时)+since+名词词组或从句(过去时)
句型27 主句+after+时间从句或时间状语
句型28 all who(m)/that+定语从句
句型29 a person 等+who+定语从句
句型30 主语(主体)+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+被比对象
句型31 主语+谓语+not+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as+被比对象
句型32 主句+because+原因从句
句型33 if+从句,(then)+主句
句型34 简单句+并列连词(and/or等)+简单句
句型35 前句+so/therefore/thus/hence+后句
句型36 主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+(从句主语+can, could 等)/possible
第八章 疑问句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
附加疑问句
第九章 其他
感叹句
祈使句
判断句
前言
英语句型变化多端,如果断章取义地学习,便陷入了只见树木不见森林的境地,学习
不够系统、严谨。如果能有一本书全面收集英语最常用最实用的精华句型,而且就每个句
型的结构、用法及注意事项进行既具体又突出重点的阐释,每个句型附有地道的英汉对照
例句,使学习者能够做到举一反三,活学活用,那该有多好!

《新概念英语》(New Concept English)作为全世界最为经典的英语学习教材,以其


严密的体系性、严谨的科学性、精湛的实用性、浓郁的趣味性深受英语学习者的青睐。要
彻底掌握《新概念英语》,高质量的配套辅导教材不可或缺。能够将《新概念英语》中海
量的经典句子归纳总结到数目不多的最常用句型下面,这是多么有意义的一件事!

将新概念经典句子进行归纳总结的结果,使得我们能以更少的时间全面掌握《新概念
英语》的精髓;新概念经典句子中处处体现着最常用的句型,反过来又使我们学习英语最
常用句型时更直观、印象更深刻、掌握更牢固。这样一本书在手,我们能够做成两件事。
如此一举两得的好事,何乐而不为呢?

正是基于以上灵感,我们这套《一天一课新概念英语句型365》应运而生。本套丛书
共4册,分别与《新概念英语》1~4册相对应。学习最常用句型与《新概念英语》,此套
丛书足矣!

现在统揽一下全书的结构:全书包括大部分的常用句型和少量次常用句型。

对应于句型部分:先讲每个句型的结构、用法及注意事项,随后附地道的英汉对照例
句,使读者对每个句型形成整体印象。对应于每一个句型下的《新概念英语》经典句子,
我们均做透彻解析。解析按顺序分四部曲:①原文→②翻译→③解构→④难点。

①原文:按照《新概念英语》课文顺序逐句排列。

②翻译:坚持两个原则,即对原文的理解精准和汉语翻译的清晰流畅。如果读者遇到
比较简单的句子,感觉经过自己的努力完全可以轻松译出和书中所给翻译水平相当的译
文,则可不必看下面的“解构”与“难点”。对于难度大的句子,如果读者感觉翻译不出来,
说明没有读懂课文,请读下面的“解构”与“难点”。

③解构:对原文句子成分的剖析。

④难点:对原文语言点的讲解和对语法分析的补充。读者可以根据自己的情况,交替
选择使用下面四种模式中的一种:①→②;①→②→③;①→②→④;①→②→③→④。
读者对每个句子用心分析后,掌握每个句型的精髓不在话下,在以后实际应用中得心应手
亦是水到渠成之事。

本书得以顺利完成,要真诚感谢马浩岚等编辑的辛勤工作。你们的辛苦努力,使得本
书能够及时与读者见面,为迫切想把常用句型与《新概念英语》学好的读者送来了及时的
福音!

编者
第一章 存在句型
存在句型是一种表示存在的特殊句型,以非重读there作引导词或形式主语,而把真正
的主语放在动词的后面。谓语动词通常是主动词be或其他含有“存在”意义的动词的一定形
式。其结构模式是:

There+be+名词词组+地点状语+时间状语。如:

There are only ten boys in our class this year.

今年我们班只有十名男生。

句型1 there+be+真实主语

使用说明

当我们告诉人们某事、某特定物存在或不存在,我们一般用there is, there are来开始句子。此句型中


若真实主语是并列结构,“be”的单复数形式的选取采用“就近原则”,即由离动词最近的那个词决定。

→例句

· There has never been anybody like you.

从来没有像你这样的人。

· There are two girls and a boy in the classroom.

教室里有两个女孩和一个男孩。

· There are but two powers in the world, the sword and the mind. In the long run, the sword is
always beaten by the mind.

世界上只有两种力量,一是武力,一是智力。从长远看,武力终不敌智力。

—— Napoleon 拿破仑

· There's many a slip 'twixt the cup and the lip.


获胜前还是有可能失误。/事情往往会功亏一篑。

—— Russell 罗素

1. MOTHER: Look! There's an ice cream man.

翻译:母亲:瞧!有个卖冰淇淋的。

解构:Look!(谓)There's(谓)an ice cream(定)man.(主)

难点: ice cream 冰淇淋;ice cream man 卖冰淇淋的人;ice n. 冰;cream n. 乳酪,奶油。

(第一册,L19)

2. There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.

翻译:厨房里有个电冰箱。

解构:There is(谓)a refrigerator(主)in the kitchen.(状)

难点: There is...是存在句,用来说明人或物的存在,在汉语中可以译为“有”;there在句中处于主语


的位置,这个结构要跟单数名词,句中往往要有一个介词短语来表示位置或地点;如果跟复数名词,要
用There are...; refrigerator n. 电冰箱;in prep. 在……之内(上)。

(第一册,L25)

3. There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.

翻译:厨房里有个电灶。

解构:There is(谓)an electric cooker(主)in the kitchen.(状)

难点: electric adj. 带电的,可通电的;cooker n. 炉子,炊具,电灶。

(第一册,L25)

4. There is a table in the middle of the room.

翻译:房间的中央有张桌子。

解构:There is(谓)a table(主)in the middle of the room.(状)


难点: middle n. 中间,当中;room n. 房间;of prep. (属于)……的。

(第一册,L25)

5. There is a bottle on the table.

翻译:桌子上有个瓶子。

解构:There is(谓)a bottle(主)on the table.(状)

难点: table n. 桌子,餐桌。

(第一册,L25)

6. There is a cup on the table, too.

翻译:桌子上还有一只杯子。

解构:There is(谓)a cup(主)on the table,(状)too.(状)

难点: cup通常指有柄、用时带有碟盘的瓷杯,多用于装茶、咖啡等。

7. W:Is there an empty glass in the refrigerator?

翻译:冰箱里有空杯子吗?

难点: in prep. 在……里。

M: No, there isn't one in the refrigerator. There's an empty one in the cupboard.

翻译:不,冰箱里没有。食橱里有一个空杯子。

8. W: Is there a sharp knife on the tin?

翻译:罐头上有一把锋利的刀吗?

M: No, there isn't one on the tin. There's a sharp one on the plate.

翻译:不,罐头上没有。盘子上有一把锋利的刀。

9. W: Is there a dirty fork on the plate?


翻译:盘子上有一把脏叉子吗?

M: No, there isn't one on the plate. There's a dirty one on the tin.

翻译:不,盘子上没有。罐头上有一把脏叉子。

10. W: Is there a full bottle in the cupboard?

翻译:食橱里有一个满的瓶子吗?

M: No, there isn't one in the cupboard. There's a full one in the refrigerator.

翻译:不,食橱里没有。冰箱里有一个满的瓶子。

11. W: Is there a blunt pencil on the table?

翻译:桌子上有一支钝的铅笔吗?

M: No, there isn't one on the table. There's a blunt one on the desk.

翻译:不,桌子上没有。课桌上有一支钝的铅笔。

12. W: Is there a small spoon in the glass?

翻译:玻璃杯里有一把小勺吗?

M: No, there isn't one in the glass. There's a small one in the cup.

翻译:不,玻璃杯里没有。茶杯里有一把小勺。

(第一册,L26)

13. There is a television in the room.

翻译:客厅里有台电视机。

解构:There is(谓)a television(主)in the room.(状)

难点: television n. 电视。

(第一册,L27)
14. There is a table in the room.

翻译:客厅里有张桌子。

解构:There is(谓)a table(主)in the room.(状)

(第一册,L27)

15. There is a stereo in the room.

翻译:客厅里有台立体声音响。

解构:There is(谓)a stereo(主)in the room.(状)

难点: stereo n. 立体声音响。

(第一册,L27)

16. There is a boy in the water.

翻译:河里面有个男孩。

解构:There is(谓)a boy(主)in the water.(状)

(第一册,L35)

17. There is a car race near our town every year.

翻译:在我们镇子附近每年都有一场汽车比赛。

解构:There is(谓)a car race(主)near our town every year.(状)

难点: near adv. 临近;town n. 市镇,城镇;every adj. 每一的,每隔……的;year n. 年。

(第一册,L69)

18. There are some magazines on the television.

翻译:电视机上放着几本杂志。

解构:There are(谓)some magazines(主)on the television.(状)


难点: magazine n. 杂志,期刊;some在此句中作定语修饰magazines。

(第一册,L27)

19. There are some newspapers on the table.

翻译:桌上放着几份报纸。

解构:There are(谓)some newspapers(主)on the table.(状)

难点: newspaper n. 报纸,是不可数名词,一张报纸应该说a piece of newspaper,两张报纸是 two


pieces of newspaper。

(第一册,L27)

20. There are some armchairs in the room.

翻译:客厅里有几把扶手椅。

解构:There are(谓)some armchairs(主)in the room.(状)

难点: armchair n. 扶手椅(复合词)。

(第一册,L27)

21. There are some books on the stereo.

翻译:音响上面有几本书。

解构:There are(谓)some books(主)on the stereo.(状)

难点: book n. 书,书籍。

(第一册,L27)

22. There are some pictures in the room.

翻译:客厅里有几幅画。

解构:There are(谓)some pictures(主)in the room.(状)

难点: picture n. 图画。


(第一册,L27)

23. W: Are there any books on the dressing table?

翻译:梳妆台上有些书吗?

M: No, there aren't any books. There are some cigarettes.

翻译:不,没有书。有一些香烟。

W: Where are they?

翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're near that box.

翻译:它们在盒子附近。

(第一册,L28)

24. W: Are there any ties on the floor?

翻译:地板上有一些领带吗?

M: No, there aren't any ties. There are some shoes.

翻译:不,没有领带。有些鞋子。

W: Where are they?

翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're near the bed.

翻译:它们靠近床。

(第一册,L27)

25. W: Are there any glasses on the cupboard?

翻译:有一些玻璃杯在食橱上吗?
M: No, there aren't any glasses. There are some bottles.

翻译:不,没有玻璃杯。有些瓶子。

W: Where are they?

翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're near those tins.

翻译:它们靠近那些罐头。

(第一册,L27)

26. W:Are there any newspapers on the shelf?

翻译:架子上有一些报纸吗?

M: No, there aren't any newspapers. There are some tickets.

翻译:不,没有报纸。有一些票。

W: Where are they?

翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're in that handbag.

翻译:在那个手提包里。

(第一册,L27)

27. W: Are there any forks on the table?

翻译:桌子上有一些叉子吗?

M: No, there aren't any forks. There are some knives.

翻译:不,没有叉子。有一些刀子。

W: Where are they?


翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're in that box.

翻译:它们在那个盒子里。

(第一册,L27)

28. W: Are there any cups on the television?

翻译:有一些茶杯在电视机上吗?

M: No, there aren't any cups. There are some glasses.

翻译:不,没有茶杯。有一些玻璃杯。

W: Where are they?

翻译:它们在哪里?

M: They're near those bottles.

翻译:它们靠近那些瓶子。

(第一册,L27)

29. There are some clouds in the sky,but the sun is shining.

翻译:天空中飘着几朵云,但阳光灿烂。

解构:There are(谓)some clouds(主)in the sky,(状)but(连)the sun(主)is


shining.(谓)

难点: cloud n. 云; but conj. 但是(表示转折);sky n. 天,天空;sun n. 太阳;shine v. 照耀,发


光。

(第一册,L33)

30. There are some boats on the river.

翻译:河上有几艘船。
解构:There are(谓)some boats(主)on the river.(状)

难点: boat n. 小船,艇;river n. 河,江。

(第一册,L33)

31. There were hundreds of people there.

翻译:许许多多人都去了赛场。

解构:There were(谓)hundreds of people(主)there.(状)

难点: hundred n. & num. 一百,许多;hundreds of 数以百计的; people n. 人,人们。

(第一册,L69)

32. There were twenty cars in the race.

翻译:参加比赛的有20辆汽车。

解构:There were(谓)twenty cars(主)in the race.(状)

难点: twenty num. 二十,二十个。

(第一册,L69)

33. There were English cars, French cars, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and
Japanese cars.

翻译:有英国、法国、德国、意大利、美国和日本的汽车。

解构:There were(谓)English cars, French cars, German cars, Italian cars, American
cars and Japanese cars.(主)

难点: German n. & adj. 德国(的),德国人(的),德语(的);Italian n. & adj. 意大利(的),


意大利人(的),意大利语(的);American n. & adj. 美国(的),美洲(的),美国人(的);
Japanese n. & adj. 日本(的),日本人(的),日语(的)。

(第一册,L69)

34. There were coins everywhere.


翻译:到处都是硬币。

解构:There were(谓)coins(主)everywhere.(状)

难点: everywhere adv. 到处。

(第一册,L117)
第二章 否定句型
一切语言都有其肯定形式及否定形式,几乎一切肯定结构的句子都可以改为否定结
构,因此,句子的否定结构是语言中一个很重要而且应用很广泛的范畴。英语的否定方式
比较复杂,根据形式和意义的不同可分为10类:一般否定、特指否定、部分否定、全部否
定、继续否定、半否定、双重否定、排除否定、加强否定和词语否定。

句型2 主语+助动词+not+行为动词或表语+其他

使用说明

这是个一般否定结构,是指用否定词not去否定谓语动词,进而否定整个句子,这是否定句的基本句
型之一。

→例句

· She isn't a film fan.

她不是个影迷。

· You needn't pay for the meal.

这顿饭你不必付钱。

· To associate, one should not be hypocritical or careless; one should not cheat,nor hurt
others.

与人交往既不虚伪,又不疏忽;既不欺骗人,也不刺激人。

—— Rousseau 卢梭

注意事项:

①有时我们会碰到 not 直接加在行为动词后面的否定结构。这是一种古旧的用法。例


如:I know not why I am so sad. 我不知道为什么我这样忧愁(莎士比亚)。Let not your
hearts be troubled. 你不要这么烦恼。这种结构中,有时用no代替not,但no一般置于行为动
词之后,如:He made no reply then. 当时,他没有回答。It's raining hard and no mistakes. 雨
的确下得大。

②have,need,dare和used有时用作助动词,有时用作普通动词,因此,这些词的否
定形式有时带do,有时不带do。例如,You needn't try to explain. 或You don't need to try to
explain. 你不需要解释。I didn't use to like opera, but now I'm getting interested. 或I used not
to/usedn't to like opera,but now I'm getting interested. 我过去不喜欢歌剧,但是现在慢慢地感
兴趣了。

1. W: That's a Volvo. Is it a Swedish car or a French car?

翻译:那是一辆沃尔沃车。它是瑞典车,还是法国车?

难点: Swedish adj. 瑞典的。

M: It isn't a French car. It's a Swedish car.

翻译:它不是法国车。它是瑞典车。

(第一册,L6)

2. W: That's a Peugeot. Is it a French car or a Swedish car?

翻译:那是一辆标致车。它是法国车,还是瑞典车?

难点: Peugeot n. 标致。

M: It isn't a Swedish car. It's a French car.

翻译:它不是瑞典车。它是法国车。

(第一册,L6)

3. W: That's a Mercedes. Is it a German car or a Japanese car?

翻译:那是一辆梅赛德斯车。它是德国车,还是日本车?

难点: Mercedes n. 梅赛德斯。

M: It isn't a Japanese car. It's a German car.

翻译:它不是一辆日本车。它是一辆德国车。
(第一册,L6)

4. W:That's a Toyota. Is it a Japanese car or a German car?

翻译:那是一辆丰田车。它是一辆日本车,还是一辆德国车?

难点: Toyota n. 丰田。

M: It isn't a German car. It's a Japanese car.

翻译:它不是辆德国车。它是辆日本车。

(第一册,L6)

5. W:That's a Daewoo. Is it a British car or a Korean car?

翻译:那是一辆大宇车。它是一辆英国车,还是一辆韩国车?

难点: Daewoo n. 大宇。

M: It isn't a British car. It's a Korean car.

翻译:它不是英国车。它是韩国车。

(第一册,L6)

6. W:That's a Mini. Is it an American car or an English car?

翻译:那是辆迷你车。它是辆美国车,还是辆英国车?

难点: Mini n. 迷你;American adj. 美国的;English adj. 英国的。

M: It isn't an American car. It's an English car.

翻译:它不是一辆美国车。它是一辆英国车。

(第一册,L6)

7. W:That's a Ford. Is it a Swedish car or an American car?

翻译:那是一辆福特车。它是瑞典车,还是美国车?
难点: Ford n. 福特。

M: It isn't a Swedish car. It's an American car.

翻译:它不是辆瑞典车。它是辆美国车。

(第一册,L6)

8. W:That's a Fiat. Is it an Italian car or an American car?

翻译:那是一辆菲亚特车。它是意大利车,还是美国车?

难点: Fiat n. 菲亚特;Italian adj. 意大利的。

M: It isn't an American car. It's an Italian car.

翻译:它不是辆美国车。它是辆意大利车。

(第一册,L6)

9. W:What's his job? Is he a policeman or a taxi driver?

翻译:他是做什么工作的?他是警察还是出租车司机?

难点: policeman n. 警察;taxi driver 出租汽车司机。

M: He isn't a taxi driver. He's a policeman.

翻译:他不是出租车司机。他是名警察。

(第一册,L8)

10. W:What's her job? Is she a policewoman or an air hostess?

翻译:她是做什么工作的?她是名警察还是名空中小姐?

难点: policewoman n. 女警察;air hostess 空中小姐。

M: She isn't an air hostess. She's a policewoman.

翻译:她不是空中小姐。她是名警察。
(第一册,L8)

11. W:What's his job? Is he a postman or a milkman?

翻译:他是做什么工作的?他是个邮递员,还是个送牛奶的人?

难点: postman n. 邮递员;milkman n. 送牛奶的人。

M: He isn't a milkman. He's a postman.

翻译:他不是个送牛奶的人。他是个邮递员。

(第一册,L8)

12. W:What's her job? Is she a nurse or a housewife?

翻译:她是做什么工作的?她是名护士还是个家庭妇女?

难点: nurse n. 护士;housewife n. 家庭妇女。

M: She isn't a housewife. She's a nurse.

翻译:她不是家庭妇女。她是名护士。

(第一册,L8)

13. W:What's his job? Is he a mechanic or a hairdresser?

翻译:他是做什么工作的?他是名机械师还是理发师?

难点: mechanic n. 机械师;hairdresser n. 理发师。

M: He isn't a hairdresser. He's a mechanic.

翻译:他不是理发师。他是名机械师。

(第一册,L8)

14. LADY: I don't like the colour either.

翻译:女士:我也不喜欢这种颜色。
解构:I(主)don't like(谓)the colour(宾)either.(状)

难点: either adv.用于否定句,置于句尾表示“也”;also也有“也”的意思,只用于肯定句。

(第一册,L107)

15. LADY:It doesn't suit me at all.

翻译:女士:这颜色我穿根本不合适。

解构:It(主)doesn't suit(谓)me(宾)at all.(状)

难点: at all 全然;suit v. 适合于。

(第一册,L107)

16. ASSISTANT: I'm afraid I haven't got a larger dress.

翻译:店员:恐怕没有更大的了。

第一层:I(主)'m(系)afraid(表)I haven't got a larger dress.(表语从句)

第二层:I(主)haven't got(谓)a larger dress.(宾)

难点: 如果形容词比较级所指很清楚,比较级也可以独立存在。

(第一册,L107)

17. CONDUCTOR: I can't change a ten-pound note.

翻译:售票员:我找不开10英镑的钞票。

解构:I(主)can't change(谓)a ten-pound note.(宾)

难点: change v. 找零钱;note n. 纸币。

(第一册,L113)

句型3 主语+否定式谓语+状语或从句
使用说明

在英语的某些句子或结构中,按照语义not应否定状语或者从句,但习惯用法却往往将否定词提前否
定谓语,其意义仍然是表示否定后面的部分,口语中尤其如此。如think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等
表示“相信”、“看法”或“臆测”的动词用于一般现在时后面跟that从句时,从句中的否定词not往往转移否定
主句的谓语动词。又如系动词appear, seem后面跟that从句,feel, look, sound等系动词后跟as if从句时,从
句中的否定词not往往转移到主句中。

→例句

· I don't believe that I have the pleasure of knowing you.

我想我和你并不认识。

· You can't judge a person only by his words.

你不能光凭他的话来判断一个人的好坏。

· He did not come here in order to visit you.

他来这里不是要看你。

· It does't look as if he knows me.

看起来他好像不认识我。

· Do not, for one repulse, forgo the purpose that you resolved to effort.

不要只因一次挫败,就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。

—— Shakespeare 莎士比亚

注意事项:

think, believe, suppose, imagine等动词用于否定的简略答语中时,not要放在这些动词


后,而这些动词后有so时,not要和助动词一起放在这些动词前,如:——Do you think it is
going to rain over the weekend?——I don't think so./I hope not. 但是只能说I hope not,不能说I
don't hope so.

18. KATE: She told reporters she felt very tired and didn't want to make another film for a
long time.

翻译:凯特:她告诉记者她感到很疲劳,早就不想再拍电影了。

第一层:She(主)told(谓)reporters(宾)she felt very tired and didn't want to make


another film for a long time.(宾语从句)

第二层:she(主)felt(系)very(状)tired(表)and(连)didn't want(谓)to make


another film(宾)for a long time.(状)

(第一册,L133)

句型4 not+含有全体意义的代词和副词(all, every
及其派生词both, always, entirely, wholly等)+谓语动

使用说明

这是一个否定句型。all, every, always等含有全体意义的代词和副词用于否定结构时,不表示全部被否


定,而只表示其中一部分被否定,译成汉语应是“并非一切……都是”。

→例句

· Not all the students work hard.=All the students do not work hard.

并非所有学生都用功读书。

· Not both of them are clever.=Both of them are not clever.

他们俩人并非都是好学生。

· Such a thing is not found everywhere.

这样的事情并非所有的地方都能发现。

· A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.

有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。
19. JIM: It's mild, but it's not always pleasant.

翻译:吉姆:气候温和,但也不总是宜人的。

解构:It(主)'s(系)mild,(表)but(连)it(主)'s not(系)always(状)
pleasant.(表)

难点: mild adj. 温和的,温暖的;always adv. 表示动作重复,常译作“一直,总是”,通常放在主要


实义动词前面或助动词、情态动词、动词be后面。

(第一册,L53)

句型5 主语+否定式谓语+不定代词或不定副词
(not...any, not...either)

使用说明

这是表示全部否定的另一结构,句型4是否定词加肯定式谓语,本句型是否定式谓语加不定代词或不
定副词,用法不同,但意义完全一样。如:We do not like any of them.=We like none of them. 他们中我们谁
也不喜欢。

→例句

· I haven't received any letters today.=I have received no letters today.

今天我没收到信。

· She doesn't like either of the boys.=She likes neither of the boys.

两个男孩她都不喜欢。

· We can't separate teaching from practice in any way.=We can in no way separate teaching
from practice.

我们绝不能使教学脱离实践。

· I didn't go anywhere that day.= I went nowhere that day.


那天我哪儿也没去。

注意事项:

英语中,不定代词不能出现在否定词前面作主语,若作主语只能用相应的否定代词,
如不能说:Anybody can't do this work. 应改为:Nobody can do this work. 不能说:Anything
can't be seen in the dark room. 应改为:Nothing can be seen in the dark room.

20. JULIE: You always say that, but we never win anything!

翻译:朱莉:你老是那样说,但是我们从来没赢过!

解构:You(主)always(状)say(谓)that,(宾)but(连)we(主)never(状)
win(谓)anything!(宾)

(第一册,L137)
第三章 不定式句型
不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,通常前面带有小品词,即不定式符号“to”,有时也
可不带“to”,它可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语,也可以作主语(a)、表语(b)、定
语(c)、状语(d)或宾语(e):

a. To scold her would not be just.

责备她是不公平的。

b. What he hoped was to be admitted into the university.

他希望被大学录取。

c. I have many letters to write.

我有许多信要写。

d. We started early to avoid being late.

我们一早动身免得迟到。

e. We have decided to experiment with a new method.

我们决定用新方法进行试验。

有时它还可以构成复合结构,作复合宾语,如:He wants all of us to make rapid


progress. 他希望我们大家都迅速进步。

不定式在句子里虽然担任种种成分,但它毕竟是一个动词,因此具有动词的许多特
点。它可以有自己的宾语或状语,来和它构成不定式短语:

a. Would you like to tell me how you overcome the difficulties?

你可不可以告诉我你们怎样克服困难的?

b. I prefer to go there by bike.

我宁愿骑自行车。
不定式还可以有其完成式、进行式、完成进行式等形式。

句型6 主语+动词+宾语+动词不定式

使用说明

名词或代词宾格和不定式组成的结构作复合宾语;在这里,宾格词是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式是
宾格词的宾语补足语,这个句型中不定式可带to,也可不带to,这取决于句子的谓语动词。常见的要求带
to的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, compel, enable, encourage, expect, force, help, invite, order,
permit, persuade, prefer, promise, recommend, remind, request, urge, want, wish等;要求不带to的动词有:bid,
feel, have, make, let, notice, see, watch, hear等。

→例句

· They don't allow people to smoke.

他们不允许人们抽烟。

· I expect this to be true.

我希望这是真的。

· I bid him leave at once.

我吩咐他马上离开。

· I heard them sing yesterday.

昨天我听到他们唱歌。

· A person who wants to find the great truth needs thousands of people to sacrifice their lives
during unsuccessful explorations and miserable mistakes.

一个人要发现卓有成效的真理,需要千百个人在失败的探索和悲惨的错误中毁掉自己
的生命。

—— Mendeleyev 门捷列夫
· What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge, and not knowledge in pursuit of
the child.

我们希望看到孩子们追求知识,而不是知识追求孩子。

—— Addison 爱迪生

注意事项:

①以上列举的动词中有些可用于其他结构,如与带-ing的形式连用,或与that从句连
用,有些动词的正规用法只能是与宾语及动词不定式连用,如:She didn't want me to go.
不能说成She didn't want that I go. 又如:They don't allow people to smoke. 不能说成They don't
allow that people smoke.

②有些动词不能用于动词+宾语+动词不定式这一结构,如:不能说I suggested her to


go home. 正确的结构应是I suggested that she should go home.

1. W: Why is the lady pointing at the suitcase?

翻译:这个女士为什么指着箱子?

M: Because she wants him to carry it.

翻译:因为她想让他运。

难点: carry v. 携带。

(第一册,L106)

2. W: Why is he giving her his photograph?

翻译:他为什么给她照片?

M: Because he wants her to keep it.

翻译:因为他想让她保存。

难点: keep v. 保存,保留。

(第一册,L106)
3. W: Why is she saying good-bye to them?

翻译:她为什么对他们说再见?

M: Because she doesn't want them to miss it.

翻译:因为她不想让他们误了车。

(第一册,L106)

4. W: Why is she taking the knife from him?

翻译:为什么她从他手里拿过刀子?

M: Because she doesn't want him to cut himself.

翻译:因为她不想让他割到他自己。

(第一册,L106)

5. W: Why is the policeman talking to the man and the woman?

翻译:警察为什么对这个男人和女人说话?

M: Because he wants them to move it.

翻译:因为他想让他们把它移一下。

(第一册,L106)

6. W: Why is the woman telling the girl to be careful?

翻译:这个女人为什么让女孩小心?

M: Because she doesn't want her to lose it.

翻译:因为她不想让她把它丢了。

(第一册,L106)

7. W: Why is he putting a record on?


翻译:他为什么放上一张唱片?

M: Because he wants them to listen to it.

翻译:因为他想让他们听。

(第一册,L106)

8. W: Why is she talking to the little boy?

翻译:她为什么和那个小男孩说话?

M: Because she doesn't want him to hurt himself.

翻译:因为她不想让他伤到他自己。

(第一册,L106)

9. W: Why is the attendant talking to the man?

翻译:服务员为什么对这个人说话?

M: Because he wants him to describe it.

翻译:因为他想让他描述一下它。

(第一册,L106)

10. W: Why is the man showing his new car to his wife?

翻译:这个男人为什么让她妻子看新车?

M: Because he doesn't want her to drive it.

翻译:因为他不想让她开。

(第一册,L106)

11. ANN: I was telling him to drive slowly.

翻译:安:我刚才正告诉他开慢点。
解构:I(主)was telling(谓)him(宾)to drive slowly.(宾补)

难点: 动词不定式to drive slowly作宾语补足语。

(第一册,L129)

句型7 for+宾格词+不定式

使用说明

这种结构中,宾格词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种结构在句中可以充当主语、宾语、补语、定语、状
语。

→例句

· For us to learn a third foreign language is not impossible.

对我们来说,学习第三门外语不是不可能的。

· I consider it necessary for her to learn German.

我认为她需要学德语。

· The urgent need is for us to disclosed his secret.

现在我们最迫切做的事就是要揭露他的秘密。

· This is the way for us to follow.

这是我们应该遵循的路径。

· He opened the gate for the car to enter.

他打开大门让汽车进来。

· There is nothing difficult for us to do in the world. If we do it, the difficult thing will be
easy; If we don't, the easy thing will be difficult.

天下事有难易乎?为之,则难者亦易矣;不为,则易者亦难矣。
—— Peng Duanshu 彭端淑

12. W: Could he answer all the questions?

翻译:他能回答所有的问题吗?

M: No, he couldn't. They were too difficult for him to answer.

翻译:不,他不能。它们对他来说太难回答了。

(第一册,L104)

13. W: Could they hear the stereo?

翻译:他们能听到音响吗?

M: Yes, they could. It was loud enough for them to hear.

翻译:是的,他们能。它足够大,他们能听见。

难点: loud adj. 大声的。

(第一册,L104)

14. W: Could they hear the stereo?

翻译:他们能听到音响吗?

M: No, they couldn't. It was too low for them to hear.

翻译:不,他们不能。它声音太低了,他们听不见。

难点: low adj. 低的,矮的。

(第一册,L104)

15. W: Could she eat the orange?

翻译:她能吃橘子吗?

M: No, she couldn't. It was too sour for her to eat.


翻译:不,她不能。它太酸了,她不能吃。

难点: sour adj. 酸的。

(第一册,L104)

16. W: Could he buy the car?

翻译:他能买小汽车吗?

M: Yes, he could. It was cheap enough for him to buy.

翻译:是的,他能。它很便宜,他能买。

难点: cheap adj. 便宜的。

(第一册,L104)

17. W: Could he buy the car?

翻译:他能买小汽车吗?

M: No, he couldn't. It was too expensive for him to buy.

翻译:不,他不能。它太贵了,他不能买。

难点: expensive adj. 贵的。

(第一册,L104)

18. W: Could he climb over the wall?

翻译:他能爬过墙吗?

M: Yes, he could. It was low enough for him to climb.

翻译:是的,他能。它足够低,他能爬过去。

(第一册,L104)

19. W: Could he climb the wall?


翻译:他能爬过墙吗?

M: No, he couldn't. It was too high for him to climb.

翻译:不,他不能。太高了,他爬不过去。

难点: high adj. 高的。

(第一册,L104)
第四章 比较句型
比较结构表示两人或两物在性质、特征、程度、数量、大小等方面相等、相近、不同
等概念。

句型8 主语+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+than分句

使用说明

单音节的形容词或副词的比较级在原形后加-er,多音节词变比较级则在形容词或副词前加more,这
种结构的否定形式是less...than,也可用not so/as...as表示。

→例句

· This parcel is heavier than that one.

这个包裹比那个重。

· His speech was more interesting than I had expected.

他的演讲比我原来预料的有趣。

· This car was less fast than that one.

这辆车比那辆跑得慢。

· Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other
thing.

要时时记在心头:你自己的成功决心比任何其他事都更为重要。

—— Lincoln 林肯

注意事项:

使用比较级时要注意三个问题:

①不要误用双重比较级,即前面用了more,后面的形容词或副词不要再变成比较级。
如:“这份订单比那份大。”

误:This order is more larger than that one.

正:This order is larger than that one.

②不要使用无比较级对象的孤立的比较级,这主要是受汉语的影响,因为汉语中时常
会说“比较如何”,如:“我们有一些比较新的食品。”

误:We have some newer products.

正:We have some new products.

正:We have some products newer than usual.

③在比较级前面可以加一些用来增强语气的修饰语。如:much, ever, still, a little (bit),


light, far, any, no, a lot等。

Our dormitory is a little larger than yours.

我们的宿舍比你们的大。

1. LADY: It's smaller than the blue one.

翻译:女士:它比那件蓝色的还要小。

解构:It(主)'s(系)smaller(表)than the blue one.(状)

难点: It's smaller than the blue one. 它比那套蓝色的小一些。在英文中,当我们把一个人或物与另


一个人或物进行比较时,就要用形容词的比较级。大多数单音节的形容词的比较级是在原级后面加上-
er,如small — smaller,large — larger;有些以-y结尾的形容词,如果-y前面是一个辅音字母,变比较级
时就要把-y先变为i,然后再加-er,如pretty — prettier。如果在句子中提到了对比方,就必须在比较级后
面加上than。

(第一册,L107)

2. W: I've got some coffee.

翻译:我喝了一些咖啡。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.
翻译:我比你喝的少。我只喝了一点点。

(第一册,L110)

3. W: I've got some books.

翻译:我有一些书。

M: I've got fewer than you have. I've got very few.

翻译:我的书比你的少。我只有几本。

(第一册,L110)

4. W: I've got some meat.

翻译:我吃了一些肉。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.

翻译:我比你吃的少。我只吃了一点点。

(第一册,L110)

5. W: I've got some money.

翻译:我有一些钱。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.

翻译:我的钱比你的少。我只有一点点。

(第一册,L110)

6. W: I've got some vegetables.

翻译:我有一些蔬菜。

M: I've got fewer than you have. I've got very few.

翻译:我的菜比你的少。我只有一点点。
(第一册,L110)

7. W: I've got some biscuits.

翻译:我吃了一些饼干。

M: I've got fewer than you have. I've got very few.

翻译:我吃的比你少。我只吃了一点点。

(第一册,L110)

8. W: I've got some stationery.

翻译:我有一些文具用品。

难点: stationery n. 文具。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.

翻译:我的比你的少。我只有一点点。

(第一册,L110)

9. W: I've got some chocolate.

翻译:我有一些巧克力。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.

翻译:我的巧克力比你的少。我只有一点点。

(第一册,L110)

10. W: I've got some presents.

翻译:我有一些礼物。

M: I've got fewer than you have. I've got very few.

翻译:我的礼物比你的少。我只有一点点。
(第一册,L110)

11. W: I've got some ink.

翻译:我有一些墨水。

M: I've got less than you have. I've got very little.

翻译:我的墨水比你的少。我只有一点点。

(第一册,L110)
第五章 省略结构
省略句是避免重复,突出信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。通过省略使句子
简洁紧凑,生动有力。我们知道,节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。一般说来,只要不损
害语法结构或者引出歧义,能省略就省略。但是,一个省略结构必须符合以下几个标准:

1. 被省略的部分必须是明确的、容易恢复的。如:

The suspect admits stealing a car from a garage, but he can't remember which ( ).

嫌疑犯承认在一个车库偷了车,但记不清是哪个。上句中which之后到底省略了什么
是含糊不清的。它既可理解为which(car),也可以理解为which(garage),这种情况下
以不省略为好。

2. 省略结构必须在语法上有明显的短缺。如:

She might sing tonight, but I don't think she will.

她今晚也许会唱歌,但我认为她不会。

上句中will之后明显缺乏谓语成分,所以一看即知,这是省略了sing to night,但下句
中:

Many buildings were damaged, but few were destroyed.

许多建筑受损,但很少有毁坏的。

在这里并不存在缺损现象,因为few可以单独用作不定代词,指few buildings,因而此
句不是省略句。

3. 被省略部分填补后应是合乎语法的句子,试比较:

He always wakes up earlier than I.

He always wakes up earlier than me.

他总是起得比我早些。

上述第一句是个省略句,如果被省略部分恢复后,仍是一个合乎语法的句子,即:
He always wakes up earlier than I wake up.
但若在第二句中加入wake up,那语法上就不通了。即:He always wakes up earlier
than me wake up.

因此第二句不能算省略句,因为than me可以视为介词词组,从而在结构上是合理的。

4. 被省略的词组通常以相同的形式出现在上下文中。

句型9 (省略主语)+谓语+其他

使用说明

这是一种简单结构中的省略,常见于口语中。

→例句

· (I) Don't know.

(我)不知道。

· (I) Hope so.

(我)希望如此。

· (It) Must be all right.

想必没问题。

· (It) Serve you right!

活该。

· (You) Open the door.

开门。

· Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation.

从希望中得到欢乐,在苦难中保持坚韧。
—— John Kennedy 约翰·肯尼迪

1. TEACHER: Here you are. Catch!

翻译:老师:给你。接着!

解构:Here(状)you(主)are.(谓)Catch!(谓)

难点: Here you are. 或Here it is. 是一句常用口语,意为“这就是你(你们)所需要的东西”,根据上


下文或一定情景可译成不同的话语,句中的are和is应重读;catch省略主语you。祈使句主要用来表示劝
告、请求、命令、叮嘱、号召等;祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是相对you而言;here n. 这里;catch v. 抓
住。

(第一册,L11)

2. ANNA: Come upstairs and see it.

翻译:安娜:到楼上来看看吧。

解构:Come(谓)upstairs(状)and(连)see(谓)it.(宾)

难点: 这是祈使句,省略了主语you,用于表示命令或要求,可在句首或句尾加please,以表示语
气委婉或客气;come v. 来;upstairs adv. 向楼上。

(第一册,L13)

3. MAN: Give me a book please, Jane.

翻译:丈夫:请拿本书给我,简。

解构:Give(谓)me(宾)a book(宾)please,(插入语)Jane.(呼)

难点: 这是祈使句,省略了主语you;give v. 给;me是间接宾语(一般为宾格代词);a book是直


接宾语(一般为事物);间接宾语在大多数情况下置于直接宾语之后,如果间接宾语在后,间接宾语前
必须加to(表示动作对什么人而做)。因此,此句也可改成“give a book to me”;book n. 书,图书。

(第一册,L21)

4. MRS. JONES: Shut the door, please.

翻译:琼斯夫人:请把门关上。
解构:Shut(谓)the door,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: shut v. 关上,闭上;英语中需用祈使语气来表示的命令、建议、告诫、邀请等多种意图。


祈使句一般省略主语you,动词则用原形。

(第一册,L29)

5. “Nothing, Henry,”George said and smiled.“Go back to sleep.”

翻译:“没事,亨利,”乔治笑着说,“接着睡觉吧。”

第一层:“Nothing, Henry,(宾语从句)”George(主)said(谓)and(连)smiled.
(谓)“Go back to sleep.”(宾语从句)

第二层:“Nothing,(表)Henry,”(呼)“Go back(谓)to sleep.”(主补)

难点: to sleep补充说明主语you(省略)该做的事情。

(第一册,L119)

句型10 (省略的主语)+(省略的系动词be/助动
词/实义动词)+其他

使用说明

这也是常用于口语中的省略结构。

→例句

· (I'm) Sorry.

对不起。

· Why (are you) in such a hurry?

(你)为什么这样匆忙?

· (Do you) want to see him?


(你)要见他吗?

· (We've) Got to go now.

(我们)现在该走了。

· Where (are you going) to?

(你)去哪儿?

6. Number five.

翻译:是5号。

解构:Number five.(表)

难点: 这是省略句,完整的句子是:Your ticket is number five. number n. 号码;five num. 五。

(第一册,L3)

7. SAM: Is that bag heavy, Penny?

翻译:萨姆:那个提包重吗,彭妮?

解构:Is(系)that bag(主)heavy,(表)Penny?(呼)

难点: heavy adj. 重的,沉重的。

8. PENNY: Not very.

翻译:彭妮:不太重。

解构:Not very.(表)

难点: Not very. 是It is not very heavy. 的省略形式,常用于口语中。

(第一册,L41)

9. WOMAN: This one?

翻译:妻子:是这本吗?
解构:This one?(宾)

难点: This one? 是Do you want this one? 的省略;one pron. 一个,在句中的one是不定代词,代替
book,其复数形式是ones,one可代替上文出现过的名词(人或物)。

(第一册,L21)

10. GEORGE: Just like London!

翻译:乔治:就像伦敦一样!

解构:Just(状)like(系)London!(表)

难点: Just like London! 这是省略句,完整的句子为:Paris was just like London. 其中的just有“正
好”“恰恰是”的意思,而在Have you just been to the cinema? 句中just是指时间,有“刚才”的意思;just like
像……一样。

(第一册,L85)

11. SANDRA: I-N-T-E-L-L-I-G-E-N-T.

翻译:桑德拉:I—N—T—E—L—L—I—G—E—N—T。

解构:I-N-T-E-L-L-I-G-E-N-T.(宾)

难点: 此句是省略句,省略了主语、谓语。

(第一册,L105)

句型11 主语+谓语+and+(省去相同的主语、谓语
等)+其他

使用说明

句中有相同的并列成分,后面的相同的成分就可省略。

→例句
· Mary has washed the dishes and (Mary) will dry them.

玛丽把盘子洗净,还要弄干。

· Peter must have broken in and (Peter must have) stolen the papers.

一定是彼得闯进屋去把文件偷走了。

· We only have one chance to live. People should pass his life courageously, and make his life
sober and beautiful.

我们只有生活一回的机会,人需要勇敢地过他的生活,过得清醒、过得美。

—— Chekhov 契诃夫

注意事项:

有些句子若不用省略结构,如第一个例句中后面的部分,如果重复加主语Mary,或
者用代词she代替,前者则句子累赘,后者则句子指代不明。如:

Mary has washed the dishes and Mary will dry them.

Mary has washed the dishes and she will dry them.

上述第二句中第二分句中的“she”也可以指别人,不一定指Mary。两者的相互关系不
清楚,用了省略结构,使语句简练,意思明确。

12. I visited museums and sat in public gardens.

翻译:我参观了博物馆,还去了公园。

解构:I(主)visited(谓1)museums(宾)and(连)sat(谓2)in public gardens.


(状)

难点: visit v. 参观;museum n. 博物馆;and是系列连词,连接两个谓语词visited和sat;public adj.


公共的。

(第二册,L3)
句型12 第一分句,but/and/or+主语+(省去相同的
实义动词等成分)+其他

使用说明

当第二分句的主语不同于第一分句的主语,而动词相同时,省去第二分句的实义动词和其他相同成
分。

→例句

· Bob will buy a house, and Brown might (buy a house), too.

鲍勃将买房子,布朗或许也买房子。

· Alice was diligent and Susan (was) lazy.

艾丽斯勤奋,而苏珊懒惰。

· He is flying to London tonight and she (is flying) to Pairs.

他今晚飞往伦敦,而她飞往巴黎。

· John was given a pen and Alice (was given) a book.

有人给约翰一支钢笔,给艾丽斯一本书。

13. BUTCHER: This lamb's very good.

翻译:肉商:这羔羊肉很好。

解构:This lamb(主)'s(系)very(状)good.(表)

14. MRS. BIRD: I like lamb, but my husband doesn't.

翻译:伯德夫人:我喜欢羔羊肉,可我丈夫不喜欢。

解构:I(主)like(谓)lamb,(宾)but(连)my husband(主)doesn't.(谓)

难点: husband n. 丈夫;句中doesn't后面省略了like lamb;用but连接的并列句,在后一分句中可以


省略与前一分句中相同的谓语动词和宾语。
(第一册,L49)

句型13 (省略there/there be/it is)+代词或形容词


+其他

使用说明

本句型也多用于口语,it is、there is等比较空洞,重点词在后,所以省略前者。

→例句

· (It's) Good to be home again.

又回到家了,真好!

· (It's) Too bad to be away.

要走了,真太不好了!

· (There) Ought to be nobody in the home.

房子里应该不会有人。

· (There's) Nothing wrong.

没出什么问题。

· (Is there) Anything I can do for you?

我能为您做些什么?

15. FATHER: Oh, all right!

翻译:父亲:那么,好吧!

解构:Oh,(叹)all right!(表)

难点: all adv.完全;all right是That is all right的省略,因此作表语。


(第一册,L65)

句型14 主语+谓语动词+(后句)主语+...to(略去
相同动词)

使用说明

前句出现过的动词,后一句中再出现,可略去动词而保留to。

→例句

· Don't stop unless you have to (stop).

除非必要,否则不要停下来。

· You may bring the dictionary with you if you want to (bring it).

如果你要带字典的话,你就带吧。

· Would you go with me this evening?

I'll be glad to (go with you).

今晚你要和我一起去吗?

我很高兴和你一起去。

注意事项:

①当两个或多个带to的不定式由并列词and或or连接在一起时,第二个(及其后的)不
定式符号to常可省略。

I want him to write these sentences down and (to) translate them into Chinese.

我要他把这些句子写下来,把它们译成汉语。

②有时,不定式不但可以单独省略动词原形或不定式符号,而且整个不定式都可省
略。
Would you come with me this evening?

今晚你愿意和我一起去吗?

Sorry, I don't have time to (go),或Sorry, I don't have time (to go).

对不起,我没有时间。

16. GEORGE: Have you just been to the cinema?

翻译:乔治:你刚去过电影院吗?

解构:Have(谓)you(主)just(状)been(谓)to the cinema?(状)

难点: have been to指某人去过某地(人已经回来); cinema n. 电影院;在这里我们讲to the


cinema,同时也说 to the film;但在第55课中,有to work, to school的短语,在名词school,work,church
之前不加定冠词the。

17. KEN: Yes, I have.

翻译:肯:是的,我刚去过。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)have.(谓)

难点: 省略句,完整的句子是I have been to the cinema.

(第一册,L85)
第六章 数词句型
数是人们日常工作和生活中不可避免的,用法极广,就其句法功能来说,可充当限定
词、名词词组、中心词及其他句子成分。

句型15 more than等表示“多于”的限定词+数词

使用说明

表示“多于”的限定词除more than外,还可以用over, above, beyond, upon of, exceed, no less than, no fewer
than, at least等。

→例句

· The library has no less than one hundred books on the subject.

图书馆里有不少于一百本谈及这一主题的书。

· The temperature was over/above 20 degree yesterday.

昨天气温达到20多度。

· Even when walking in a party of no more than three, I can always be certain of learning
from those I am with. There will be good qualities that I can select for imitation and bad ones that
will teach me what requires correction in myself.

三人行,必有我师焉。择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。

—— Confucius 孔子

1. LIZ: Not that long ago! I'm not more than twenty-nine myself.

翻译:莉兹:不,没有那么久。我自己现在还没29岁呢。

解构:Not that long ago!(表)I(主)'m not(系)more than twenty-nine myself.(表)

难点: Not that long ago! 句中的that是副词,指像Kate所说的“那么”遥远,可译作“那样”“那么”。课


文中用斜体印刷表示一种强调,显然Liz对Kate的判断和对她本人年龄的估算很不满意。
(第一册,L127)

句型16 about等约数限定词+数词

使用说明

这里的限定词除about外,还有some, nearly, in round numbers, in the neighborhood of, towards, somewhere


about, or less等。

→例句

· I want about twenty chairs.

我大约需要20把椅子。

· Their team has some four or five good players.

他们的队伍有四五个好队员。

· This container can hold more or less twenty pounds of water.

这个容器大约能装20磅水。

· The price of this new machine is in the neighborhood of one thousand yuan.

这台新机器的价值约1000元。

2. DOCTOR: Yes. He must remain in bed for another two days. He can get up for about two
hours each day, but you must keep the room warm.

翻译:医生:是的,他还必须卧床两天。他每天可以起来两个小时,但您必须保持
房间温暖。

解构:Yes.(答)He(主)must remain(谓)in bed(状)for another two days.(状)

难点: remain vi. 保持,逗留,继续(与stay的意思相同)。

解构:He(主)can get up(谓)for about two hours each day,(状)


难点: about adv. 大约,差不多;each adj. 各自的,每个的,每一。

解构:but(连)you(主)must keep(谓)the room(宾)warm.(宾补)

难点: keep vt. 保持,持续不断;warm adj. 温暖的。

(第一册,L63)

句型17 every+数词(基数词或序数词)+名词

使用说明

表示“每隔一天(周、月等)”用“every other(或second)day(week,month等)”;“每隔两
天”用“every third day”(即“每第三天”);“每隔三天”用“every fourth day”(即“每第四天”);其余照此类
推。

→例句

· He comes to see her every other day.

每隔一天,他就去看她一次。

· We always go to see a film every other Saturday.

我们总是隔周星期六去看一次电影。

· He is seriously ill every fourth year.

每隔三年,他的病就严重一次。

注意事项:

这种方式用于时间以外的间隔也是可以的。如:Write on every other line. 隔行写。

3. DIMITRI: It's always hot in June, July and August. The sun shines every day.

翻译:迪米特里:六月、七月和八月的天气总是炎热的,每天都出太阳。

解构:It(主)'s(系)always(状)hot(表)in June, July and August.(状)The


sun(主)shines(谓)every day.(状)

难点: hot adj. 炎热的;shine v. 闪耀,发光;June n. 六月;July n. 七月;August n. 八月;every day


表示“每天”,在句中作状语。

(第一册,L51)

4. In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work and the children go to school.Their father takes
them to school every day.

翻译:早上,索耶先生去上班,孩子们去上学。父亲每天送孩子们去上学。

解构:In the morning,(状)Mr. Sawyer(主)goes(谓)to work(宾)and(连)the


children(主)go(谓)to school.(宾)Their father(主)takes(谓)them(宾)to
school(状)every day.(状)

难点: 在上午/下午/傍晚,通常用介词in,in通常用来表示较长的时间。

(第一册,L55)

5. Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework.

翻译:索耶夫人每天呆在家里。她料理家务。

解构:Mrs. Sawyer(主)stays(谓)at home every day.(状)She(主)does(谓)the


housework.(宾)

难点: home n. & adv. 家;到家,在家;do作为实义动词,在句中作谓语,意思是“做”;housework


n. 家务。

(第一册,L55)

6. W: What does he always do every day?

翻译:他每天通常干什么?

M: He always cleans the blackboard every day.

翻译:他每天通常擦黑板。

(第一册,L56)
7. W: What does she usually do every day?

翻译:她每天通常干什么?

M: She usually washes the dishes every day.

翻译:她每天通常洗碟子。

(第一册,L56)

8. W: What does the cat usually do every day?

翻译:猫每天通常干什么?

M: It usually drinks milk every day.

翻译:它每天通常喝牛奶。

(第一册,L56)

9. It is eight o'clock.

The children go to school by car every day,

but today, they are going to school on foot.

翻译:现在是8点钟。孩子们每天都乘小汽车去上学,而今天,他们正步行去上学。

解构:It(主)is(系)eight o'clock.(表)

The children(主)go(谓)to school(状)by car(状)every day,(状)

but(连)today,(状)they(主)are going(谓)to school(状)on foot.(状)

难点: 在英语中常用it来指时间、天气、温度或距离,这时it被称作“虚主语”;o'clock adv. 点钟;


go to school去上学;get to school 到校;by car乘小汽车,“by”在这里表示方式,有乘、骑的意思,后面直接
跟表示交通工具的名词;注意:交通工具名词前不加冠词、物主代词或指示代词等,也不能用复数形
式,如by bike/car/train/plane/ship。

(第一册,L57)
10. W: What does he usually do every day?

翻译:他每天通常干什么?

难点: every adj.每一的,每个的。

M: He usually shaves at seven o'clock every day.

翻译:他每天通常7点钟刮脸。

W: What is he doing today?

翻译:他今天在干什么?

M: He is shaving at eight o'clock today.

翻译:他今天8点钟在刮脸。

(第一册,L58)

11. W: When did they watch television? Every day this week.

翻译:他们什么时候看电视?这个星期的每一天。

M: They watched television every day this week.

翻译:他们这个星期的每一天都看电视。

(第一册,L76)

12. PETER: Last summer it was very dry, too. Don't you remember? I had to water it every
day.

翻译:彼得:去年夏天也是干得很。你不记得了吗?我不得不每天浇水。

解构:Last summer(状)it(主)was(系)very(状)dry,(表)too.(状)
Don't(谓)you(主)remember?(谓)I(主)had to water(谓)it(宾)every day.(状)

(第一册,L125)

13. GARY: We have this problem every year.


翻译:加里:我们每年都碰到这类问题。

解构:We(主)have(谓)this problem(宾)every year.(状)

(第一册,L131)

句型18 on+月份+(日子)序数词(th)+(年份)
基数词

使用说明

介词on主要是表示跟月份后面的日子的关系,它表示“在某月的哪一天”,不是表示“在某月”;如果
说“在某月”,应用介词in。

→例句

· He was born on January 17th, 1978.

他出生在1978年1月17日。

· The People's Republic of China was founded on Oct 1st, 1949.

中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。

· He founded his first company on Oct 10th, 1979.

1979年10月10日他创建了他的第一个公司。

注意事项:

“月”和“日”的表达方式有以下几种:

①May 3, May 3rd及May the 3rd等在英国和美国都比较通行。

②3 May, 3rd May及the 3rd May主要在英国使用。

③the 3rd of May是加重语气的用法。

④the 3rd day of May或(on)the 3rd day of May是书面语体,只用于文体当中。


⑤月、日均用数字表示的,写成:3/5;应注意:在英国它表示May the 3rd(即5月3
日);但在美国刚好相反,它表示的是March the Fifth(3月5日)。为了避免发生混乱,
最好不采取全用阿拉伯数字表示法。

14. W: When were you and Susan at the office?

翻译:你和苏珊什么时候在办公室的?

M: We were at the office on March 23rd.

翻译:我们在3月23日在办公室。

(第一册,L70)

15. W: When were you and Penny in Australia?

翻译:你和彭妮什么时候在澳大利亚的?

M: We were in Australia in July.

翻译:我们7月份在澳大利亚。

(第一册,L70)

16. W: When were George and I in Austria?

翻译:乔治和我什么时候在奥地利的?

M: You were in Austria in August.

翻译:你们8月份在奥地利。

(第一册,L70)

17. W: When were they all at home?

翻译:他们什么时候都在家?

M: They were at home on May 25th.

翻译:他们5月25日在家。
(第一册,L70)

18. W: When were you and David in Finland?

翻译:你和大卫什么时候在芬兰?

M: We were in Finland in December.

翻译:我们12月份在芬兰。

(第一册,L70)

19. W: It's the fifth of January. When did she meet him? Two months ago.

翻译:今天是1月5日。她什么时候见到他的?两个月前。

M: She met him on the fifth of November.

翻译:她在11月5日见到他的。

(第一册,L78)

20. W: It's August the first. When did she speak to him? A month ago.

翻译:今天是8月1日。她什么时候和他谈的话?一个月前。

M: She spoke to him on July the first.

翻译:她7月1日和他谈的话。

(第一册,L78)

句型19 at+基数词(minutes)+past/to+基数词
(o'clock)

使用说明

在“哪一点钟”用“at+钟点数”,在“几点几分”也只要用“at+数字”就行,如说“在8点20分”就是at 8:20(读
at eight twenty)。如果说“在几点过几分”就用past,这里表示“超过”,但这里的分钟数需在半小时以内;
如果要说“在几点差几分”,就用to,在这里表示“不到”、“差”的意思,但这里的分钟数需在半小时以上。
minute和o'clock通常是省略的。如果要说明“现在是几点钟了”,“是几点差几分”等,只要去掉介词就行
了。如:“What is it now? ——It's twelve (o'clock).”“What is the time? ——It's five past one.”等等,本句型中
的时间是在句中作状语用的。

→例句

· We get up at six (o'clock).

我们6点起床。

· The correct time is five minutes after six.

现在的准确时间是6点5分。

· It happened at a quater to five.

事情发生在5点差1刻的时候。

注意事项:

①用介词after和before表示钟点时,情况分别与past和to相当。如:

five after (past) eight 8:05

a quarter before (to) seven 6:45

②日常生活中读时间时,常常直接照数字顺序读,如:

8:05 读作eight five

9:15 读作nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine

2:30 读作two thirty或half past/after two

5:45 读作five forty-five或a quarter to/before six

21. It is ten o'clock.

Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning,


but this morning, she is going to the shops.

翻译:现在是10点钟。上午,索耶夫人通常是呆在家里的,但今天上午,她正去商
店买东西。

解构:It(主)is(系)ten o'clock.(表)

Mrs. Sawyer(主)usually(状)stays(谓)at home(状)in the morning,(状)

but(连)this morning,(状)she(主)is going(谓)to the shops.(状)

难点: she is going to the shops是现在进行时,它表示说话时正在进行的或发生的动作,现阶段正在


进行的动作也用现在进行时;其谓语部分由be(am, is, are)+动词的现在分词(V-ing)构成;其中be是助
动词(不是系动词),无实际意义,它的选用与主语在人称和数方面保持一致;shop n. 商店;stay at
home呆在家里;in the morning上午;this morning今天上午;时间名词前如有this, that, last, next等词修饰,
则不能加介词,如this morning, that evening。

22. It is four o'clock.

In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room.

But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.

翻译:现在是4点钟。下午,索耶夫人通常是在客厅里喝茶,但今天下午,她正在花
园里喝茶。

解构:It(主)is(系)four o'clock.(表)

In the afternoon,(状)Mrs. Sawyer(主)usually(状)drinks(谓)tea(宾)in the


living room.(状)

But(连)this afternoon,(状)she(主)is drinking谓tea(宾)in the garden.(状)

难点: she is drinking tea in the garden是现在进行时态的肯定句,由“主语+be+V-ing+其他”构成。

23. It is six o'clock.

In the evening, the children usually do their homework,

but this evening, they are not doing their homework.


At the moment, they are playing in the garden.

翻译:现在是6点钟。晚上,孩子们通常是做作业,而今天晚上,他们没做作业。此
刻,他们正在花园里玩。

解构:It(主)is(系)six o'clock.(表)

In the evening,(状)the children(主)usually(状)do(谓)their homework,(宾)

but(连)this evening,(状)they(主)are not doing(谓)their homework.(宾)

At the moment,(状)they(主)are playing(谓)in the garden.(状)

难点: they are not doing their homework是现在进行时态的否定句,直接在be后面加not,即“主语


+be+not+V-ing+其他”;play in the garden在花园里玩;由paly组成的短语还有play basketball打篮球,paly
games玩游戏。

24. It is nine o'clock.

Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night.

But he's not reading his newspaper tonight.

At the moment, he's reading an interesting book.

翻译:现在是9点钟。索耶先生通常是在晚上看报,但今天晚上他没看报。此刻,他
正在看一本有趣的书。

解构:It(主)is(系)nine o'clock.(表)

Mr. Sawyer(主)usually(状)reads(谓)his newspaper(宾)at night.(状)

But(连)he(主)'s not reading(谓)his newspaper(宾)tonight.(状)

At the moment,(状)he(主)'s reading(谓)an interesting(定)book.(宾)

难点: at night中间没有定冠词;at the moment指眼前,此刻。

(第一册,L57)

25. FATHER: You mustn't come home late. You must be home at half past ten.
翻译:父亲:你不准回家太晚,你必须在10点半到家。

解构:You(主)mustn't come(谓)home late.(状)You(主)must be(谓)home at


half past ten.(状)

难点: 时刻用介词at; late adv. 晚,迟;past prep. 超过,晚于;half past ten十点半,half to ten则表
示“九点半”。

(第一册,L65)

26. FATHER: Here you are. But you mustn't come home after a quarter past eleven. Do you
hear?

翻译:父亲:拿去。但你不能超过11点1刻回家。听见了吗?

解构:Here(状)you(主)are.(谓)But(连)you(主)mustn't come(谓)
home(状)after a quarter past eleven.(状)Do(谓)you(主)hear?(谓)

难点: mustn't是must not的缩写形式;quarter一刻钟;hear vi. 听见,听到。

(第一册,L65)

27. W:When must you come home?

翻译:你应该几点回家?

M: I must come home at one o'clock.

翻译:我应该在1点钟回家。

(第一册,L66)

28. W:When must she go to the library?

翻译:她应该几点去图书馆?

M: She must go to the library at a quarter past one.

翻译:她应该在1点15分去图书馆。

(第一册,L66)
29. W:When must you and Tom see the dentist?

翻译:你和汤姆应该什么时候看牙医?

M: We must see the dentist at a quarter to four.

翻译:我们应该在3点45分去看牙医。

(第一册,L66)

30. W:When must you type this letter?

翻译:你应该什么时候打这封信?

M: I must type this letter at two o'clock.

翻译:我应该在2点钟打这封信。

(第一册,L66)

31. W:When must Sam and Penny see the boss?

翻译:萨姆和彭妮应该什么时候见老板?

M: They must see the boss at half past one.

翻译:他们应该在1点半见老板。

(第一册,L66)

32. W:When must George take his medicine?

翻译:乔治应该什么时候吃药?

M: He must take his medicine at a quarter past three.

翻译:他应该在3点15分吃药。

(第一册,L66)

33. W:When must Sophie drive to London?


翻译:索菲娅应该什么时候开车去伦敦?

M: She must drive to London at half past two.

翻译:她应该在2点30分开车去伦敦。

(第一册,L66)

34. W:When must I catch the bus?

翻译:我应该什么时候赶公共汽车?

M: You must catch the bus at half past three.

翻译:你应该在3点30分赶公共汽车。

(第一册,L66)

35. W:When must you arrive there?

翻译:你应该什么时候到那儿?

M: I must arrive there at three o'clock.

翻译:我应该在3点钟到那儿。

(第一册,L66)

36. W:When must they come home?

翻译:他们应该几点回家?

M: They must come home at a quarter past two.

翻译:他们应该在2点15分回家。

(第一册,L66)

37. W:When must you meet Tom?

翻译:你应该什么时候去见汤姆?
M: I must meet Tom at a quarter to two.

翻译:我应该在1点45分去见汤姆。

(第一册,L66)

38. W:When must he telephone you?

翻译:他应该在什么时候给你打电话?

M: He must telephone me at a quarter to three.

翻译:他应该在2点45分给我打电话。

(第一册,L66)

39. PAULINE: Then I arrived home at six o'clock yesterday evening. He telephoned again.
But I didn't answer the phone!

翻译:波琳:后来,我昨晚6点钟回到家里。他又打来电话,但我没接。

解构:Then(状)I(主)arrived(谓)home at six o'clock yesterday evening.(状)

难点: arrive vi. 到达,抵达。

解构:He(主)telephoned(谓)again.(状)But(连)I(主)didn't answer(谓)
the phone!(宾)

难点: again adv. 又,再一次;phone n. 电话,电话机。

(第一册,L71)

40. JANE: Did he telephone again last night?

翻译:简:他昨天夜里又打电话了吗?

解构:Did(谓)he(主)telephone(谓)again last night?(状)

难点: last adj. 最后的,最近的;night n. 夜,夜晚。

41. PAULINE: Yes, he did. He telephoned at nine o'clock.


翻译:波琳:是的,打了。他在9点钟又打来了电话。

解构:Yes,(答)he(主)did.(谓)He(主)telephoned(谓)at nine o'clock.(状)

难点: o'clock adv. 点钟。

42. JANE: What did you say to him?

翻译:简:你对他怎么说的?

解构:What(宾)did(谓)you(主)say(谓)to him?(状)

难点: him pron. 他。

(第一册,L71)

43. NURSE: Can you come at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th?

翻译:护士:您在4月24日星期一上午10点钟来可以吗?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)come(谓)at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th?(状)

难点: at用在具体的时刻之前;on用在具体某一天或某一天的上/下午或晚上之前。

(第一册,L77)

44. NURSE: The dentist is very busy at the moment. Can you come at 2 p.m.?

翻译:护士:牙科医生这会儿很忙。您下午两点钟来行吗?

解构:The dentist(主)is(系)very(状)busy(表)at the moment.(状)Can(谓)


you(主)come(谓)at 2 p.m.?(状)

难点: busy adj. 忙碌的;moment n. 瞬间;p.m.表示下午的时刻;a.m.表示上午的时刻。

(第一册,L77)

45. W: It's eight o'clock. When did you see him? Half an hour ago.

翻译:现在是8点钟。你什么时候见到他的?半小时前。

M: I saw him at half past seven.


翻译:我7点半见到他的。

(第一册,L78)

46. W: It's a quarter past eleven. When did they arrive? Half an hour ago.

翻译:现在是11点15分。他们什么时候到的?半小时前。

M: They arrived at a quarter to eleven.

翻译:他们10点45分到的。

(第一册,L78)

47. CAROL: It's nearly ready. We can have dinner at seven o'clock.

翻译:卡罗尔:马上就好。7点钟我们可以吃饭。

解构:It(主)'s(系)nearly(状)ready.(表)We(主)can have(谓)
dinner(宾)at seven o'clock.(状)

难点: 一日三餐的名词前不能加冠词;have vt. 吃,喝;dinner n. 晚餐。

(第一册,L81)

48. SAM: No, thank you, Tom. I've already had lunch. I had lunch at half past twelve.

翻译:萨姆:不,汤姆,谢谢。我已经吃过饭了。我在12点半吃的。

解构:No,答thank you,(插入语)Tom.(呼)I(主)'ve(谓)already(状)
had(谓)lunch.(宾)I(主)had(谓)lunch(宾)at half past twelve.(状)

难点: I've already had lunch. 现在完成时。在英语中,现在完成时主要用于以下两种情况:(1)表


示在过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动作;(2)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动
作。现在完成时是由have的现在式加上过去分词组成;规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同,而不规则动词
的过去分词则无统一的规律可言。I had lunch at half past twelve. 表示过去发生的动作;half past twelve也可
以说twelve thirty。

(第一册,L83)

49. W: Did you have breakfast at eight o'clock?


翻译:你8点吃了早饭吗?

M: Yes, I had breakfast at eight o'clock.

翻译:是的,我8点吃了早饭。

W: What about your mother?

翻译:你妈妈呢?

M: She hasn't had breakfast yet.

翻译:她还没有吃早饭。

(第一册,L88)

50. GEORGE: Two return tickets to London, please. What time will the next train leave?

翻译:乔治:买两张到伦敦的往返票。下一班火车什么时候开?

解构:Two return tickets(主)to London,(定)please.(插入语)What time(状)


will(谓)the next train(主)leave?(谓)

难点: return n. 往返;ticket车票;what time只能对钟点作提问,不能就年、月、日作提问;train n.


火车;leave v. 离开(短暂性动词)。

51. ATTENDANT: At nineteen minutes past eight.

翻译:服务员:8点19分。

解构:At nineteen minutes past eight.(状)

难点: nineteen minutes past eight是“8点19分”。

(第一册,L95)

52. KEN: What time will the next train leave?

翻译:肯:下一班火车什么时候开?

解构:What time(状)will(谓)the next train(主)leave?(谓)


难点: next adj.下次的。

53. GEORGE: At eight nineteen.

翻译:乔治:8点19分。

解构:At eight nineteen.(状)

难点: at nineteen minutes past eight的另一种表达。

(第一册,L95)

54. GEORGE: It's only three minutes to eight.

翻译:乔治:现在才7点57分。

解构:It(主)'s(系)only(状)three minutes to eight.(表)

难点: to prep.(指钟点)不到,差。

(第一册,L95)

55. PORTER: Tickets, please.

翻译:收票员:请把车票拿出来。

解构:Tickets,(主)please.(插入语)

难点: 省略句。

56. GEORGE: We want to catch the eight nineteen to London.

翻译:乔治:我们要乘8点19分的车去伦敦。

解构:We(主)want(谓)to catch the eight nineteen to London.(宾)

难点: catch (caught, caught) vt. 赶上;to London是表示火车的行车方向。

(第一册,L95)

57. PORTER: You've just missed it!


翻译:收票员:你们刚好错过了那班车。

解构:You(主)'ve(谓)just(状)missed(谓)it!(宾)

难点: miss v. 未赶上,错过。

58. GEORGE: What! It's only eight fifteen.

翻译:乔治:什么!现在只有8点15分。

解构:What!(叹)It(主)'s(系)only(状)eight fifteen.(表)

难点: what 表示惊讶,是感叹词。

(第一册,L95)

59. I said I would be at your house at six o'clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra
work.

翻译:我说过我6点到你家,但老板要我加班。

第一层:I(主)said(谓)I would be at your house at six o'clock,(宾语从句)


but(连)the boss(主)wants(谓)me(宾)to do some extra work.(宾补)

难点: extra adj. 额外的。

第二层:I(主)would be(系)at your house(表)at six o'clock,(状)

(第一册,L139)

句型20 主语+be+(限制语)数词+years old/years of
age

使用说明

这是一个表示年龄的句型,用数词作表语,通常都把它当作年龄看待,后面的years old等词语可用可
不用。例如:不满一岁的,用months old;讲动物、植物或其他事物的年龄也同样适用本句型。
→例句

· “How old is he?”——“He is just four (years old).”

“他多大年纪?”——“他正好4岁。”

· “What is his age?”——“He is towards forty years of age.”

“他多大年纪?”——“他快40了。”

· “Of what age is your manager?”——“My manager is thirty and a half years old.”

“你们经理多大年纪?”——“我们经理30岁半。”

· At twenty years of age, the will reigns; at thirty, the wit; and at forty, the judgement.

二十岁时起支配作用的是意志,三十岁时是机智,四十岁时是判断。

—— Franklin 富兰克林

注意事项:

年龄表示法在口语中比较灵活,下列说法都可以采用。

①I'm twenty.

②I'm twenty years old.

③I'm twenty years of age.

④I'm aged twenty (years).

⑤My age is twenty (years).

但不能说:I'm twenty of age. 或My age is twenty years old.

60. MOTHER: Jill's eighteen years old, Tom. She's not a baby. Give her the key. She
always comes home early.

翻译:母亲:吉尔都18岁了,汤姆。她不是小孩子了。把钥匙给她吧。她总是早早
回家的。
解构:Jill(主)'s(系)eighteen years old,(表)Tom.(呼)She(主)'s not(系)a
baby.(表)

难点: eighteen n. 十八;year n. 年,年龄。

解构:Give(谓)her(宾)the key.(宾)She(主)always(状)comes(谓)
home(状)early.(状)

难点: always adv. 总是,始终。

(第一册,L65)

61. He's only forty-one years old, and he has already been to nearly every country in the
world.

翻译:他只有41岁,但他却去过世界上几乎每一个国家。

解构:He(主)'s(系)only(状)forty-one years old,(表)and(连)he(主)


has(谓)already(状)been(谓)to nearly every country in the world.(状)

难点: 本句中的and相当于but(而……),起转折作用;nearly adv. 几乎。

(第一册,L93)

62. I read she's twenty-nine, but she must be at least forty.

翻译:我从报上看到她是29岁,但她一定至少有40岁了。

第一层:I(主)read(谓)she's twenty-nine,(宾语从句)but(连)she(主)must
be(系)at least(状)forty.(表)

难点: read (read, read ) v. 通过阅读得知,read的原形和过去式、过去分词同形但读音不同;at least


至少。

第二层:she(主)'s(系)twenty-nine,(表)

(第一册,L127)

句型21 主语+cost/be worth/be valued或rated+be/+数


词+单位

使用说明

cost一般指客观上价值多少,be worth多指主观上认为值多少。value和rate都是及物动词,意思是“估
价”。如以估价者作主语,则物品用宾语;如以物品作主语(这种情况较多),则用被动语态。以下例句
均可用“The price of+物品名称+be+数词+单位”这一句型来替代,提问也可用“What's the price of ...?”或“How
much is ...?”

→例句

· “What's the price of the watch?”

“It costs me fifty dollars.”或“It's worth fifty dollars.”或“It's valued at fifty dollars.”

这块表值多少钱?它价值为50美元。

· The new pencil box costs Tom five dollars.

新铅笔盒花了汤姆5美元。

· The book costs fifteen dollars, but I don't think it's worth more than ten.

这本书价值15美元,但我觉得它顶多值10美元。

63. ASSISTANT: It's the most expensive model in the shop. It costs five hundred pounds.

翻译:店员:这是店里最贵的型号。它的售价是500英镑。

解构:It(主)'s(系)the most expensive(定)model(表)in the shop.(状)


It(主)costs(谓)five hundred pounds.(宾)

难点: pound n. 英镑(货币单位,略作£)。

(第一册,L111)

64. IAN: It's worth every penny of it.

翻译:伊恩:它确确实实值这么多钱。
解构:It(主)'s(系)worth every penny of it.(表)

难点: 有强调的意思,后面的一个it是指刚才提到的那笔钱;全句意为“你支付的每一个便士都是
划算的。”可以翻译成:“它确实值这么多钱。”worth adj. 值……钱。

(第一册,L89)

句型22 数词+量词+of+实物名词

使用说明

量词词组在句中通常作宾语用,有时也可作主语或表语。常用量词如:

a glass of wine(一杯酒),a bottle of oil(一瓶油),a bowl of rice(一碗饭),a jug of tea(一壶


茶),a cake of soap(一块肥皂),a lump of sugar(一块糖),a sheet of paper(一张纸),a loaf of
bread(一条面包),a pair of scissors(一把剪刀),a party of travelers(一群旅客),a bunch of
flowers(一束花),a set of books(一套书),a suit of clothes(一身衣服),a drop of blood(一滴
血),a grain of sand(一粒砂),a mouthful of food(一口食物),a handful of seed(一把种子),a ray
of hope(一线希望),a crowd of children(一群孩子),a flock of sheep(一群羊)。

→例句

· He took two bottles of wine.

他拿了两瓶酒。

· I bought a new pair of shoes.

我买了一双新鞋。

· May I offer you a glass of tea?

请喝杯茶好吗?

65. W: What did you give him?

翻译:你给他什么了?
M: I gave him a glass of water.

翻译:我给了他一杯水。

W:What did he do with it?

翻译:他把水怎么样了?

M: He drank it thirstily.

翻译:他口渴地喝了。

难点: thirstily adv. 口渴地。

(第一册,L74)

66. TOM: Have a glass of whisky then.

翻译:汤姆:那么,来杯威士忌吧。

解构:Have(谓)a glass of whisky(宾)then.(状)

难点: a glass of一杯(后常跟不可数名词),如a glass of water;whisky n. 威士忌酒。

67. SAM: OK. Thanks.

翻译:萨姆:好的,谢谢。

解构:OK.(答)Thanks.(谓)

难点: 接受并表示感谢。

(第一册,L81)

68. CAROL: Come and have something to drink.

翻译:卡罗尔:来喝点什么。

解构:Come and have(谓)something(宾)to drink.(主补)

难点: drink v. 喝;to drink是主语you(省略)所做的事情,因此,用来补充说明主语要干什么,是


主语补语。
69. JIM: Thanks, Carol. May I have a glass of beer please?

翻译:吉姆:谢谢,卡罗尔。给我一杯啤酒好吗?

解构:Thanks,(谓)Carol.(呼)May(谓)I(主)have(谓)a glass of beer(宾)


please?(插入语)

难点: may和can都可以,但may有容许之意,may I...比较客气和诚恳一点。

(第一册,L115)

70. PENNY: A piece of cheese.

翻译:彭妮:一块乳酪。

解构:A piece of(定)cheese.(宾)

难点: piece用在不可数名词前,表示数量;名词有可数与不可数之分,可数名词有复数形式,可
被数词修饰;不可数名词只有单数形式,不能直接被数词修饰,可被some, a little, any, little等词修饰,如
要表示“量”,其结构为:数词+量词+of+名词,如a kilo of fish一公斤鱼;piece n. 块,件,片,篇,张,
条;cheese n. 干酪;注意不同的名词前用不同的量词。

(第一册,L41)

71. PENNY: A loaf of bread.

翻译:彭妮:一条面包。

解构:A loaf of(定)bread.(宾)

难点: loaf n. 一条,块;bread n. 面包。

(第一册,L41)

72. PENNY: A bar of soap.

翻译:彭妮:一块肥皂。

解构:A bar of(定)soap.(宾)

难点: bar n. 条,棒(常用作栅栏,扣栓物),横木;soap n. 肥皂。


(第一册,L41)

73. PENNY: A bar of chocolate.

翻译:彭妮:一块巧克力。

解构:A bar of(定)chocolate.(宾)

难点: chocolate n. 巧克力。

(第一册,L41)

74. PENNY: A bottle of milk.

翻译:彭妮:一瓶牛奶。

解构:A bottle of(定)milk.(宾)

难点: bottle n. 瓶子;milk n. 乳,牛奶。

(第一册,L41)

75. PENNY: A pound of sugar.

翻译:彭妮:一磅糖。

解构:A pound of(定)sugar.(宾)

难点: pound n. 磅,英镑;sugar n. 糖,食糖。

(第一册,L41)

76. PENNY: Half a pound of coffee.

翻译:彭妮:半磅咖啡。

解构:Half a pound of(定)coffee.(宾)

难点: half n. 一半;coffee n. 咖啡。

(第一册,L41)
77. PENNY: A quarter of a pound of tea.

翻译:彭妮:1/4磅茶叶。

解构:A quarter of a pound of(定)tea.(宾)

难点: quarter n. 四分之一;tea n. 茶。

(第一册,L41)

78. PENNY: And a tin of tobacco.

翻译:彭妮:和一听烟丝。

解构:And(连)a tin of(定)tobacco.(宾)

难点: tin n. 罐,听;tobacco n. 烟草,烟草制品。

(第一册,L41)

79. SAM: Is that tin of tobacco for me?

翻译:萨姆:那听烟丝是给我的吗?

解构:Is(系)that tin of tobacco(主)for me?(表)

(第一册,L41)

80. PENNY: Well, it's certainly not for me!

翻译:彭妮:噢,当然不会是给我的!

解构:Well,(状)it(主)'s(系)certainly(状)not(系)for me!(表)

难点: certainly adv. 的确,(口语)当然,行。

(第一册,L41)

81. LADY: And I want some glue.

翻译:女士:我还要些胶水。
解构:And(连)I(主)want(谓)some glue.(宾)

难点: glue n. 胶水。

82. SHOP ASSISTANT: A bottle of glue.

翻译:售货员:一瓶胶水。

解构:A bottle of glue.(宾)

难点: 用“数量词+of+不可数名词”来表示具体的量,常用的有cup, bottle, glass, piece, kilo等;注意


不可数名词没有复数形式,所以不能加-s或-es,也不能用a/an或数词直接修饰不可数名词,但可用some,
any, much, the来修饰。

83. LADY: And I want a large box of chalk, too.

翻译:女士:我还要一大盒粉笔。

解构:And(连)I(主)want(谓)a large box of(定)chalk,(宾)too.(状)

难点: chalk n. 粉笔。

84. SHOP ASSISTANT: I only have small boxes. Do you want one?

翻译:售货员:我只有小盒的。您要一盒吗?

解构:I(主)only(状)have(谓)small boxes.(宾)Do(谓)you(主)
want(谓)one?(宾)

难点: one代指前面已出现的成分。

(第一册,L59)
第七章 连词句型

句型23 第一分句(让步意义),but+第二分句

使用说明

but只能单独使用,不能与though或although连用。but在此是连词,一般只表示意义的转折,让步的意
味是潜在的、含蓄的,主要是通过两个分句的语意对比体现出来。

→例句

· Tom is fond of music, but he doesn't like to learn it.

汤姆喜欢音乐,但不愿意学。

· A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to blame some body else.

一个人可以失败多次,但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人,他还不是一个失败者。

—— J. Burroughs 巴勒斯

· I am a slow walker, but I never walk backwards.

我这个人走得很慢,但我从不后退。

—— Turner 特纳

注意事项:

but可与yet, still及 nevertheless结合使用。如:

The young man has often been praised, but he is never conceited yet.

这个年轻人经常受表扬,但从不自负。

1. W: Do you like eggs?

翻译:你喜欢鸡蛋吗?
难点: egg n. 鸡蛋。

M: Yes, I do. I like eggs, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢鸡蛋,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

2. DOCTOR: You look very well, Jimmy. You are better now, but you mustn't get up yet.
You must stay in bed for another two days.

翻译:医生:你看上去很好,吉米。你现在好些了,但你还不应该起床。你必须再
卧床两天。

解构:You(主)look(系)very(状)well,(表)Jimmy.(呼)

难点: look link v. 看上去,似乎。

解构:You(主)are(系)better(表)now,(状)but(连)you(主)mustn't get
up(谓)yet.(状)

难点: yet adv. 还,仍,常用于否定句;get up起床,在英语中有不少动词常与介词或副词连用,组


成一个词组,称为动词短语。

解构:You(主)must stay(谓)in bed(状)for another two days.(状)

难点: stay v. 逗留,呆;stay in bad 呆在床上;for another two days再要两天,是介词短语作状语。

(第一册,L63)

3. W: Do you like butter?

翻译:你喜欢黄油吗?

难点: butter n. 黄油。

M: Yes, I do. I like butter, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢黄油,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)
4. W: Do you like honey?

翻译:你喜欢蜂蜜吗?

难点: honey n. 蜂蜜。

M: Yes, I do. I like honey, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢蜂蜜,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

5. W: Do you like bananas?

翻译:你喜欢香蕉吗?

难点: banana n. 香蕉。

M: Yes, I do. I like bananas, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢香蕉,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

6. W: Do you like jam?

翻译:你喜欢果酱吗?

难点: jam n. 果酱。

M: Yes, I do. I like jam, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢果酱,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

7. W: Do you like oranges?

翻译:你喜欢橙子吗?

难点: orange n. 橙子。


M: Yes, I do. I like oranges, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢橙子,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

8. W: Do you like ice cream?

翻译:你喜欢冰淇淋吗?

M: Yes, I do. I like ice cream, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢冰淇淋,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

9. W: Do you like whisky?

翻译:你喜欢威士忌吗?

难点: whisky n. 威士忌。

M: Yes, I do. I like whisky, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢威士忌,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

10. W: Do you like apples?

翻译:你喜欢苹果吗?

难点: apple n. 苹果。

M: Yes, I do. I like apples, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢苹果,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

11. W: Do you like wine?


翻译:你喜欢酒吗?

难点: wine n. 酒,果酒。

M: Yes, I do. I like wine, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢酒,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

12. W: Do you like biscuits?

翻译:你喜欢饼干吗?

M: Yes, I do. I like biscuits, but I don't want one.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢饼干,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

13. W: Do you like beer?

翻译:你喜欢啤酒吗?

难点: beer n.啤酒。

M: Yes, I do. I like beer, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢啤酒,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

14. W: Does Penny like tomatoes?

翻译:彭妮喜欢西红柿吗?

难点: tomato n. 西红柿。

M: Yes, she does. She likes tomatoes, but she doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,她喜欢。她喜欢西红柿,但她不想要。
(第一册,L48)

15. W: Do you like potatoes?

翻译:你喜欢土豆吗?

难点: potato n. 土豆。

M: Yes, I do. I like potatoes, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢土豆,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

16. W: Does Tom like cabbage?

翻译:汤姆喜欢卷心菜吗?

难点: cabbage n. 卷心菜。

M: Yes, he does. He likes cabbage, but he doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,他喜欢。他喜欢卷心菜,但他不想要。

(第一册,L48)

17. W: Does Tom like lettuce?

翻译:汤姆喜欢莴苣吗?

难点: lettuce n. 莴苣。

M: Yes, he does. He likes lettuce, but he doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,他喜欢。他喜欢莴苣,但他不想要。

(第一册,L48)

18. W: Do you like peas?

翻译:你喜欢豌豆吗?
难点: pea n. 豌豆。

M: Yes, I do. I like peas, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢豌豆,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

19. W: Does Anna like beans?

翻译:安娜喜欢豆角吗?

难点: bean n. 豆角。

M: Yes, she does. She likes beans, but she doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,她喜欢。她喜欢豆角,但她不想要。

(第一册,L48)

20. W: Do you like bananas?

翻译:你喜欢香蕉吗?

M: Yes, I do. I like bananas, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢香蕉,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

21. W: Does Mr.Jones like orange?

翻译:琼斯先生喜欢橙子吗?

M: Yes, he does. He likes oranges, but he doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,他喜欢。他喜欢橙子,但他不想要。

(第一册,L48)

22. W: Does George like apples?


翻译:乔治喜欢苹果吗?

M: Yes, he does. He likes apples, but he doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,他喜欢。他喜欢苹果,但他不想要。

(第一册,L48)

23. W: Does Elizabeth like pears?

翻译:伊丽莎白喜欢梨吗?

难点: pear n. 梨。

M: Yes, she does. She likes pears, but she doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,她喜欢。她喜欢梨,但她不想要。

(第一册,L48)

24. W: Do you like grapes?

翻译:你喜欢葡萄吗?

难点: grape n. 葡萄。

M: Yes, I do. I like grapes, but I don't want any.

翻译:是的,我喜欢。我喜欢葡萄,但我不想要。

(第一册,L48)

25. W: Does Betty like peaches?

翻译:贝蒂喜欢桃吗?

难点: peach n. 桃。

M: Yes, she does. She likes peaches, but she doesn't want any.

翻译:是的,她喜欢。她喜欢桃,但她不想要。
(第一册,L48)

26. JIM: I don't like autumn and winter. The days are short and the nights are long. The sun
rises late and sets early. Our climate is not very good, but it's certainly interesting. It's our
favourite subject of conversation.

翻译:吉姆:我不喜欢秋季和冬季。因为此时白天短而夜晚长,太阳升得迟而落得
早。虽然我们国家的气候并不很好,但又确实很有意思。天气是我们最喜欢谈论的话题。

解构:I(主)don't like(谓)autumn and winter.(宾)The days(主)are(系)


short(表)and(连)the nights(主)are(系)long.(表)The sun(主)rises(谓)
late(状)and(连)sets(谓)early.(状)Our climate(主)is not(系)very(状)good,
(表)but(连)it(主)'s(系)certainly(状)interesting.(表)It(主)'s(系)our
favourite subject(表)of conversation.(定)

难点: night n. 夜;early adv. 早;certainly adv. 一定,必定;subject n. 主题,题目;表示无生命的


东西的名词,所有格要用“of+名词”的结构来表示,of在句子中可译成“……的”;conversation n. 谈话。

(第一册,L53)

27. GEORGE: Oh, I've already seen it. I saw it on television last year. It's an old film, but
it's very good.

翻译:乔治:噢,我已看过了。我是去年在电视上看的。这是部老片子,但很好。

解构:Oh,(叹)I(主)'ve(谓)already(状)seen(谓)it.(宾)I(主)
saw(谓)it(宾)on television last year.(状)

It(主)'s(系)an old(定)film,(表)but(连)it(主)'s(系)very(状)good.
(表)

难点: on prep. 在……上;不定冠词an用在以元音开头的单词前;film n. 电影。

(第一册,L85)

28. KEN: It was spring, but the weather was awful. It rained all the time.

翻译:肯:是春天,但天气太糟了。一直在下雨。
解构:It(主)was(系)spring,(表)but(连)the weather(主)was(系)awful.
(表)It(主)rained(谓)all the time.(状)

难点: awful adj. 极坏的;all the time一直,始终。

(第一册,L85)

29. LADY: It's a lovely dress, but it's too small for me.

翻译:女士:这是件漂亮的衣服,可是对我来说太小了。

解构:It(主)'s(系)a lovely(定)dress,(表)but(连)it(主)'s(系)
too(状)small(表)for me.(状)

难点: lovely adj. 漂亮的。

(第一册,L107)

30. We looked for them, but we could not find them all.

翻译:我们虽然找了,但没能把它们全部找到。

解构:We(主)looked for(谓)them,(宾)but(连)we(主)could not find(谓)


them all.(宾)

难点: look for 动词词组,表示“寻找”;could v. 动词,can的过去式;all是them的同位语。紧跟在


一个名词或代词后,进一步说明前面名词或代词是谁或什么东西的名词或代词,叫同位语。

(第一册,L117)

句型24 主句 + as/while +时间从句

使用说明

as和while所引导的时间状语从句和主语的动作是同时发生的,两个连词的意思基本相同,都表
示“当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“边……边……”等意思。它们的细微差别是:as表示的“同时”意
思更突出一些,语义更强一些;while多指动作的时间范围较大一些。
→例句

· I received your letter as I was walking in the garden.

我在花园散步时,收到了你的信。

· As dark night drew on, the sea roughened.

随着黑夜的到来,大海汹涌澎湃。

· He was reading while she was writing.

她写作,而他读书。

· Men talk of killing time, while time quietly kills them.

人们在谈论中消磨时间,与此同时,时间也在不声不响地销蚀人们。

—— Dion Boucicault 戴恩·布西科尔特

· Take time while time is, for time will be away.

当有时间的时候要利用时间,因为时间即将消逝。

—— John Ray 雷伊

31. While we were having breakfast, our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the
floor.

翻译:正当我们吃早饭时,我们的小男孩汤米在地上找到了两枚小硬币。

第一层:While we were having breakfast,(状语从句)our little boy,(主)Tommy,(同


位语)found(谓)two small coins(宾)on the floor.(状)

难点: found是find的过去式;Tommy是boy的同位语;floor n. 地板。

第二层:While(引)we(主)were having(谓)breakfast,(宾)

难点: breakfast n. 早餐。

(第一册,L117)
32. While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into his kitchen.

翻译:当我的朋友乔治在床上看书时,两个小偷爬进了他的厨房。

第一层:While my friend, George, was reading in bed,(状语从句)two thieves(主)


climbed(谓)into his kitchen.(状)

第二层:While(引)my friend,(主)George,(同位语)was reading(谓)in bed,


(状)

难点: was reading in bed是过去进行时,表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,过去


进行时由was/were+动词-ing构成;thief n. 小偷;climb vt. 爬。

(第一册,L119)

句型25 When+时间状语,(then)+主句,主句
+when+时间从句

使用说明

when是时间从句最常用的连词,表达范围比较广泛,不仅说明一般时间,而且可表示与主句同时或
提前的动作时间。when引导的从句后面或中间不用加逗号。

→例句

· I was walking along the road when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from
behind.

我正走在马路上,这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。

· The habit of doing that which you do not care about when you would much rather be doing
something else, is invaluable. It would have saved me a frightful waste of time if I had ever had it
drilled into me in youth.

在你宁愿做其他事情的时候,却仍能够从事你不感兴趣的工作,这种习惯十分可贵。
要是我在年轻时养成了这种习惯,就可避免时间上惊人的浪费。
—— T. H. Huxley 赫胥黎

· Millions of people fail in doing things incompletely. They stop when there is only one step
to success.

千万人的失败,失败在做事不彻底;往往做到离成功还差一步,便终止不做了。

—— Shakespeare 莎士比

注意事项:

①when除了表示时间之外,还可用作条件连词和让步连词等。如:The manager walks


when he might ride. 经理虽有车可坐,却还是步行。

②由when等连词引出的时间(条件)(状语从句),谓语可用一般现在时或一般过
去时,但不用将来时(可用现在时代替),但如果用when引导的名词则不受此限制。
如:I don't know when the customer will leave, but when he leaves I shall have a talk with him.
我不知道客户何时离开,要是他离开了,我将找他谈一谈。

33. W: Did anyone come when I was out?

翻译:我出去时有人来吗?

M: No, no one came.

翻译:没有,没有人来。

(第一册,L116)

34. When my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins
on the floor.

翻译:今天早晨我丈夫走进饭厅时,把一些硬币掉在地上了。

第一层:When my husband was going into the dining room this morning,(状语从句)
he(主)dropped(谓)some coins(宾)on the floor.(状)

难点: drop v. 使掉下;coin n. 硬币。

第二层:When(引)my husband(主)was going(谓)into the dining room this


morning,(状)

难点: husband n. 丈夫;dining room 饭厅,餐厅;dine v. 吃饭;dining table餐桌。

(第一册,L117)

35. Later that morning, when I was doing the housework, my husband phoned me from the
office.

翻译:那天上午的晚些时候,当我正做家务时,我丈夫从办公室打来电话。

第一层:Later that morning,(状)when I was doing the housework,(状语从句)my


husband(主)phoned(谓)me(宾)from the office.(状)

难点: later adv. 后来。

第二层:when(引)I(主)was doing(谓)the housework,(宾)

难点: housework n. 家务劳动。

(第一册,L117)

36. W:What were you doing when he arrived? I was having a bath.

翻译:当他到的时候你在干什么?我正在洗澡。

M: I was having a bath when he arrived.

翻译:当他到的时候我正在洗澡。

(第一册,L118)

37. W:What was Mary doing when the telephone rang? She was washing the dishes.

翻译:当电话响时玛丽在干什么?她正在洗碟子。

M: She was washing the dishes when the telephone rang.

翻译:当电话响时她正在洗碟子。

(第一册,L118)
38. W:What was your mother doing when the postman came? She was making the beds.

翻译:当邮递员来时你妈妈在干什么?她正在整理床铺。

M: She was making the beds when the postman came.

翻译:当邮递员来时她正在整理床铺。

(第一册,L118)

39. W:What were you doing when it happened? I was telephoning my sister.

翻译:当它发生时你在干什么?我那时正在给我姐姐打电话。

M: I was telephoning my sister when it happened.

翻译:当它发生时我正在给我姐姐打电话。

(第一册,L118)

40. W:What were the children doing when the milk boiled over? They were reading.

翻译:牛奶煮沸时孩子们正在干什么?他们那时正在看书。

M: They were reading when the milk boiled over.

翻译:当牛奶煮沸时他们正在看书。

(第一册,L118)

41. W:What were you doing when the baby broke that cup? I was making tea.

翻译:孩子打破杯子时你在干什么?我那时正在沏茶。

M: I was making tea when the baby broke that cup.

翻译:孩子打破杯子时我正在沏茶。

(第一册,L118)

42. W:What were you doing when your mother came into the room? I was listening to the
stereo.
翻译:你妈妈走进房间时你在干什么?我那时正在听音响。

M:I was listening to the stereo when my mother came into the room.

翻译:我妈妈走进房间时我正在听音响。

(第一册,L118)

43. W:What was your father doing when he heard the news? He was working in the
garden.

翻译:当你爸爸听到这个消息时他正在干什么?他正在花园里忙着。

M: He was working in the garden when he heard the news.

翻译:当他听到这个消息时他正在花园里忙着。

(第一册,L118)

44. W:What was your sister doing when George knocked at the door? She was cleaning
her shoes.

翻译:当乔治敲门时你姐姐正在干什么?她正在洗鞋。

M: She was cleaning her shoes when George knocked at the door.

翻译:当乔治敲门时她正在洗鞋。

(第一册,L118)

45. W:What was your son doing when his friends arrived? He was doing his homework.

翻译:当他朋友来时你儿子在干什么?他正在做作业。

M: He was doing his homework when his friends arrived.

翻译:当他朋友来时他正在做作业。

(第一册,L118)

46. MIKE: I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home.
翻译:迈克:我在旅行时留了胡子,但我回到家时就把它刮了。

第一层:I(主)grew(谓)a beard(宾)during the trip,(状)but(连)I(主)


shaved(谓)it(宾)off(谓)when I came home.(状语从句)

难点: beard n. 胡子。

第二层:when(引)I(主)came(谓)home.(状)

难点: 这是由when引导的(状语从句)。

(第一册,L123)

47. LIZ: She was a famous actress when I was still at school.

翻译:莉兹:当我还是学生时,她就是个著名的演员了。

第一层:She(主)was(系)a famous(定)actress(表)when I was still at school.


(状语从句)

难点: famous adj. 著名的;actress n. 女演员。

第二层:when(引)I(主)was(系)still(状)at school.(表)

(第一册,L127)

48. POLICEMAN: I was doing eighty when I overtook you.

翻译:警察:我是以每小时80英里的速度赶上你的。

第一层:I(主)was doing(谓)eighty(宾)when I overtook you.(状语从句)

难点: I was doing eighty when I overtook you. 其中的动词do表示“以……速度行进”。

第二层:when(引)I(主)overtook(谓)you.(宾)

难点: overtook (overtook, overtaken) v. 超车。

(第一册,L129)
句型26 主句(现在完成时/一般现在时)+since+名
词词组或从句(过去时)

使用说明

since在此作时间连词,可连接一个表示时间的名词,也可以连接一个表示时间的从句,都表
示“从……的时候以来”。从句中的动词大多用过去时、主句用现在时。主句使用it作主语的判断句时,则
多用一般现在时。

→例句

· She has had another baby since we met.

我们上次见面后,她又生了一个孩子。

· It is just a week since we arrived here.

我们到这里才一个星期。

· Since ancient times, to learn all men must have teachers, who pass on the truth and dispel
ignorance.

古之学者必有师。师者,所以传道、授业、解惑也。

—— Han Yu 韩愈

49. IAN: Yes, I've been here since 1976.

翻译:伊恩:是啊,从1976年起我就住在这里。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)'ve been(谓)here since 1976.(状)

难点: since conj. 自……以来。

(第一册,L89)

句型27 主句+after+时间从句或时间状语
使用说明

after表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后,是一个连词,即可以连接从句,也可以连接时间状语。
主、从句动词可用一般现在时,也可以用一般过去时;但是如果从句的动作先发生或先完成,而主句用
一般过去时,则从句最好用过去完成时。

→例句

· They arrived after the game started.

比赛开始后他们才到达。

· After I had done my work, I went to bed.

我做完工作后,才去睡觉。

· The scientist only succeeds after thousands of failures.

科学家是在千百次失败后最后一次的成功。

—— Benjamin Franklin 富兰克林

50. After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room.

翻译:他们进屋后,走进了饭厅。

第一层:After they had entered the house,(状语从句)they(主)went(谓)into the


dining room.(状)

第二层:After(引)they(主)had entered(谓)the house,(宾)

难点: 时间(状语从句),由after,before,when等连词引导;enter vt. & vi. 进入。

(第一册,L119)

51. W:Did you read the book? Yes, but I saw the film first.

翻译:你看过这本书吗?是的,但我先看的电影。

M: I read the book after I had seen the film.


翻译:我已看了电影后才看书的。

(第一册,L220)

52. W:Did you go to see the doctor? Yes, but I made an appointment first.

翻译:你去看医生了吗?是的,但我先预约的。

M: I went to see the doctor after I had made an appointment.

翻译:我已预约后才去看医生的。

(第一册,L220)

53. W:Did the boss leave the office? Yes, but he finished his work first.

翻译:老板离开办公室了吗?是的,但他首先做完工作才离开的。

M: He left the office after he had finished his work.

翻译:老板做完工作后才离开办公室的。

(第一册,L220)

54. W:Did your wife go out? Yes, but she finished the housework first.

翻译:你妻子出去了吗?是的,但她先做完家务才出去的。

M: She went out after she had finished the housework.

翻译:她做完家务才出去的。

(第一册,L220)

55. W:Did your teacher give you your exercise book? Yes, but he corrected it first.

翻译:老师把你的练习册给你了吗?是的,但他先改的。

M: He gave me my exercise book after he had corrected it.

翻译:他改完后才把练习册给我的。
(第一册,L220)

56. W:Did your sister go on holiday? Yes, but she took the examination first.

翻译:你姐姐去度假了吗?是的,但她先参加考试后才去度假的。

M: She went on holiday after she had taken the examination.

翻译:她参加考试后才去度假的。

(第一册,L220)

57. W:Did you buy a new car? Yes, but I sold my old one first.

翻译:你买了一辆新车吗?是的,但我先把旧的卖掉了。

M: I bought a new car after I had sold my old one.

翻译:我把我的旧车卖掉后才买新车的。

(第一册,L220)

58. W:Did your mother sweep the floor? Yes, but she dusted the cupboard first.

翻译:你妈妈扫地了吗?是的,但她先把碗橱上的灰掸掉。

M: She swept the floor after she had dusted the cupboard.

翻译:她先把碗橱上的灰掸掉才扫地的。

难点: cupboard n. 碗碟橱,食橱。

(第一册,L220)

59. W:Did you drink the milk? Yes, but I boiled it first.

翻译:你喝牛奶了吗?是的,但我先煮开了牛奶。

M: I drank the milk after I had boiled it.

翻译:我煮开了牛奶后才喝的。
(第一册,L220)

60. W:Did the children go to bed? Yes, but they had a bath first.

翻译:孩子们上床睡觉了吗?是的,但他们先洗的澡。

M: The children went to bed after they had had a bath.

翻译:孩子们已洗完澡后才去睡觉的。

(第一册,L220)

61. After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and took out her powder
compact.

翻译:火车开出车站后,那位妇女打开了手提包,拿出了粉盒。

第一层:After the train had left the station,(状语从句)the lady(主)opened(谓)her


handbag(宾)and(连)took out(谓)her powder compact.(宾)

难点: powder n. 香粉;compact n. 带镜化妆盒。

第二层:After引the train(主)had left(谓)the station,(宾)

(第一册,L141)

句型28 all who(m)/that+定语从句

使用说明

此句型不仅指人,也可以指物。all含总括意义,因此翻译时常用“几乎……都……”、“……的一切东
西都……”。如果用否定,此句只包含部分否定意义。

→例句

· I remembered that all who attended Guangzhou Fair came back very late.

我记得参加广交会的人回来都很晚。
· All whom I met at the Fair were diligent at their work.

我在交易会上见到的人都很勤奋地工作。

· All that you do, do with your might; things done by halves are never done right.

做一切事都应尽力而为,半途而废永远不行。

—— R. H. Stoddard 斯托达德

62. JULIE: But if we spend all that money we'll be poor again.

翻译:朱莉:但是如果我们把所有钱都花光了,我们又会变穷的。

第一层:But(连)if we spend all that money(状语从句)we(主)'ll be(系)


poor(表)again.(状)

第二层:if(引)we(主)spend(谓)all that money(宾)

难点: poor adj. 贫穷的。

(第一册,L137)

句型29 a person 等 + who + 定语从句

使用说明

本句型主要是名词作先行词。这些词语是: man, a man, the one(确指有其人),a person, people(用


于复数)等,不过这些词大都已经具有代词的性质。

→例句

· Man who has a settled purpose will surely be a good businessman.

有志者必能成为一名好业务员。

· The one who sells goods to foreigner may called an exporter.

对外国人销售商品的人可以叫做出口商。
· A loser is a person who has an abundance of opportunities to learn,who has successful
role models everywhere,but who chooses not to try.

失败者是有许多学习机会和模仿对象,但是不愿尝试的人。

—— Whitley 惠特利

63. CAROLINE: I can't remember. The man who I served was wearing a hat.

翻译:卡罗琳:我记不起来了。我接待的那个人戴着一顶帽子。

第一层:I(主)can't remember.(谓)The man(主)who I served(定语从句)was


wearing(谓)a hat.(宾)

第二层:who(引)I(主)served(谓)

难点: remember vi. 记得;wear vt. 穿。

(第一册,L121)

64. SCOTT: Ah yes. The one who offered you a job in Australia.

翻译:斯科特:啊,记得。就是在澳大利亚给你工作做的那个人。

第一层:Ah(叹)yes.(答)The one(主)who offered you a job in Australia.(定语从


句)

第二层:who(主)offered(谓)you a job(宾)in Australia.(状)

难点: offere v. 提供;job n. 工作。

(第一册,L123)

句型30 主语(主体)+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级
+as+被比对象

使用说明
主体就是句中要加以说明的人或事物,主句中的主语往往是主体。从句中的主语,有时可能是宾语
或其他被比对象。两个as作用不相同,前一个是副词,在主句中说明比较内容的程度,含“如此”之意;后
一个是连词,含有“比”或“如同”之意,它引导的从句往往采取省略式。

→例句

· A is ten times as light as B.

A是B重量的1/10。

· If a jewel falls into the mire, it remains as precious as before; and though dust should ascend
to heaven, its former worthlessness will not be altered.

宝石即使落在泥潭里,仍是一样可贵;尘土纵然扬到天上,还是没有价值。

—— Jaber 贾比尔

· Youth is full of energy, as rich as the spring river.

青年人满身都是精力,正像春天的河水一样丰富。

—— Byron 拜伦

注意事项:

在形容词后面如果还有名词,而这又是一个可数的单数名词,则应在该名词和形容词
之间加不定冠词。如:经理跟我一样是个不善于说话的人。The manager is as poor a
speaker as I.

65. W:Is the red apple sweeter than the green one?

翻译:红色的苹果比绿色的更甜一些吗?

M: No, it isn't. The red apple is as sweet as the green one.

翻译:不,不是的。红色的苹果和绿色的苹果一样甜。

(第一册,L112)

66. W: Is the man shorter than the woman?


翻译:这个男人比这个女人要矮一些吗?

M: No, he isn't. The man is as short as the woman.

翻译:不,他没有。这个男人和这个女人一样矮。

(第一册,L112)

67. W:Is the red pencil blunter than the green one?

翻译:红色的铅笔要比绿色的那一支钝一些吗?

M: No, it isn't. The red pencil is as blunt as the green one.

翻译:不,不是的。红色的铅笔和绿色的一样钝。

(第一册,L112)

68. W:Is the policeman taller than the policewoman?

翻译:这个男警察要比这个女警察高一些吗?

M: No, he isn't. The policeman is as tall as the policewoman.

翻译:不,不是的。这个男警察和女警察一样高。

(第一册,L112)

69. W:Is the boy older than the girl?

翻译:这个男孩比这个女孩大一些吗?

M: No, he isn't. The boy is as old as the girl.

翻译:不,不是的。这个男孩和这个女孩一样大。

(第一册,L112)

70. W:Is the white knife sharper than the black one?

翻译:白色的刀要比黑色的刀锋利一些吗?
M: No, it isn't. The white knife is as sharp as the black one.

翻译:不,不是的。白色的刀和黑色的刀一样锋利。

(第一册,L112)

句型31 主语+谓语+not+so/as+形容词/副词原级
+as+被比对象

使用说明

本句型表示“不及某种程度”。

→例句

· The bikes we produced then were not as good as those we produce now.

那时我们生产的自行车不如现在生产的好。

· The house made of brick are not so expensive as made of stone those.

用砖盖的房子不如用石头盖的花钱多。

· She didn't sing as well that night as she usually does.

她那天晚上唱得不如平时好。

71. W:Is the television on the left more expensive than the television on the right?

翻译:左边的电视机要比右边的电视机贵一些吗?

M: No, it isn't. The television on the left is not as expensive as the television on the right.

翻译:不,它不是的。左边的电视机不如右边的电视机贵。

(第一册,L112)

72. W:Is the white handbag newer than the black one?


翻译:白色的手提包比黑色的新一些吗?

M: No, it isn't.The white handbag is not as new as the black one.

翻译:不,不是的。白色的手提包不如黑色的新。

(第一册,L112)

73. W:Is the woman on the left smarter than the woman on the right?

翻译:左边的女人比右边的女人更漂亮些吗?

M: No, she isn't. The woman on the left is not as smart as the woman on the right.

翻译:不,不是的。左边的女人不如右边的女人漂亮。

(第一册,L112)

74. W:Is the brown case lighter than the blue one?

翻译:棕色的箱子比蓝色的箱子轻吗?

M: No, it isn't. The brown case is not as light as the blue one.

翻译:不,不是的。棕色的箱子不如蓝色的箱子轻。

(第一册,L112)

句型32 主句+because+原因从句

使用说明

在引导原因从句的连词中最常见的就是because,它所表示的是一种直接原因。从句一般放在主句
后,但为了强调,也可以放在主句前。because置于句首时,后面的主句前切不能加so(所以),因为
because和so是不能互相呼应的,这与汉语大不相同。

→例句

· The old man was annoyed becaues he missed the bus.


那老人不高兴是因为没赶上汽车。

· Truth welcomes criticism, because after criticizing, truth will win the victory; falsehood
fears criticism, because after criticizing, falsehood will fall.

真理喜欢批评,因为经过批评,真理就会取胜;谬误害怕批评,因为经过批评,谬误
就要失败。

—— Diderot 狄德罗

75. Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before.

翻译:萨莉非常激动,因为她从未乘过火车。

第一层:Sally(主)was(系)very(状)excited(表)because she had never


travelled on a train before.(状语从句)

难点: excited adj. 兴奋的。

第二层:because(引)she(主)had(谓)never(状)travelled(谓)on a train
before.(状)

(第一册,L141)

句型33 if+从句,(then)+主句

使用说明

if引导的条件(状语从句)表示主句动作发生的前提、条件、假想、推测等情况,条件(状语从句)
通常由if引导。位于主句前时,从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开。

→例句

· If you have been working for hours, then you can take a rest.

如果你已干了几个小时的活,你可以休息一下。

· If it rains, the match will be cancelled.


如果天下雨,比赛就不进行了。

· If I have looked farther than other men, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants.

如果说我曾比别人看得远一些,那是因为我站到了巨人们的肩膀上的缘故。

—— Isaac Newton 牛顿

76. BRIAN: If I win a lot of money I'll buy you a mink coat.

翻译:布赖恩:要是我赢了许多钱,我给你买件貂皮大衣。

第一层:If I win a lot of money(状语从句)I(主)'ll buy(谓)you(宾)a mink coat.


(宾)

难点: mink n. 貂皮。

第二层:If(引)I(主)win(谓)a lot of money(宾)

(第一册,L137)

77. If we win a lot of money we'll travel round the world and we'll stay at the best hotels.

翻译:要是我们赢了很多钱,我们就去周游世界,并且住最好的旅馆。

第一层:If we win a lot of money(状语从句)we(主)'ll travel round(谓)the


world(宾)and(连)we(主)'ll stay(谓)at the best hotels.(状)

第二层:If(引)we(主)win(谓)a lot of money(宾)

(第一册,L137)

78. BRIAN: If we spend all the money we'll try and win the football pools again.

翻译:布赖恩:如果我们花光了所有钱,我们设法在足球赛赌注上再赢一次。

第一层:If we spend all the money(状语从句)we(主)'ll try(谓)and(连)


win(谓)the football pools(宾)again.(状)

第二层:If(引)we(主)spend(谓)all the money(宾)


(第一册,L137)

79. W: What will you do if you win a lot of money? Stay at the best hotels.

翻译:如果你赚了很多钱,你将会干什么?住最好的旅馆。

M: If I win a lot of money, I'll stay at the best hotels.

翻译:如果我赚了很多钱,我将住最好的旅馆。

(第一册,L138)

80. W: What will he do if he misses the bus? Take a taxi.

翻译:如果他错过了公共汽车他将怎么办?坐出租车。

M: If he misses the bus, he'll take a taxi.

翻译:如果他误了公共汽车,他将坐出租车。

(第一册,L138)

81. W: What will he do if he doesn't sell his old car? He won't buy a new one.

翻译:如果他没卖掉旧车他将怎么办?他将不买新车。

M: If he doesn't sell his old car, he won't buy a new one.

翻译:如果他没卖掉旧车,他将不买新车。

(第一册,L138)

82. W: What will you do if they offer you more money? Work less.

翻译:如果他们给你更多的钱你将会怎么办?工作少一点。

M: If they offer me more money, I'll work less.

翻译:如果他们给我更多的钱,我将工作少一点。

(第一册,L138)
83. W: What will he do if she doesn't type the letter? Type it himself.

翻译:如果她不打信他将怎么办?自己打。

M: If she doesn't type the letter, he'll type it himself.

翻译:如果她不打信,他将自己打。

(第一册,L138)

84. W: What will the children do if they come home early? Play in the garden.

翻译:如果孩子们回家早了他们将会干什么?在花园里玩。

M: If the children come home early, they'll play in the garden.

翻译:如果孩子们回家早了,他们将在花园里玩。

(第一册,L138)

85. W: What will you do if you are ill tomorrow? I won't go to work.

翻译:如果你明天病了你将怎么办?我将不去工作。

M: If I am ill tomorrow, I won't go to work.

翻译:如果我明天病了,我将不去工作。

(第一册,L138)

86. W: What will you do if you go to the party? Enjoy myself.

翻译:如果你去参加聚会你将会怎么做?玩得开心。

M: If I go to the party, I'll enjoy myself.

翻译:如果我去参加聚会,我将开心地玩。

(第一册,L138)

87. W: What will you do if he asks you? Tell him the truth.
翻译:如果他问你你将怎么办?告诉他真相。

M: If he asks me, I'll tell him the truth.

翻译:如果他问我,我将告诉他真相。

(第一册,L138)

88. W: What will they do if it rains tomorrow? Stay at home.

翻译:如果明天下雨他们将怎么办?呆在家里。

M: If it rains tomorrow, they'll stay at home.

翻译:如果明天下雨,他们将呆在家里。

(第一册,L138)

句型34 简单句+并列连词(and/or等)+简单句

使用说明

并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子。并列连词and在句中表示的意思是“和”,
表示前后句子是并列或递进关系。并列连词or在句中表示的意思是“或者”、“否则”,表示前后句子是并列
或选择关系。

→例句

· He spoke and all was still.

他一讲话,全体立即肃静起来。

· The sun came out and the grass dried.

太阳一出,草就干了。

· Progress in science and technology is not powerful enough to push the society to change. At
least some people are willing to embrace, or it will not happen.
光是科技进步不足以推进社会改变。至少要有一些人愿意拥抱改变,否则那不会发
生。

—— Bill Gates 比尔·盖茨

89. She does not know London very well, and she lost her way.

翻译:她对伦敦不很熟悉,因此迷了路。

解构:She(主)does not know(谓)London(宾)very well,(状)and(连)


she(主)lost(谓)her way.(宾)

难点: know v. 知道,认识;lose vt. 错过,使迷路;lose one's way迷路;句中的and当“所以”讲,表


示结果。

(第一册,L73)

90. THE BOSS: And here's a little present for you.

翻译:老板:这里有一件小礼物送你。

解构:And(连)here(主)'s(系)a little present(表)for you.(状)

难点: And here's... 这里and承上启下,使上下文紧密联系,当“于是”“因此”讲;present n. 礼物。

(第一册,L105)

句型35 前句+so/therefore/thus/hence+后句

使用说明

本句型中so是真正的连词,其他词都是副词作连词用。这些词既可连接两个分句,也可以连接两个
完全独立的句子,后句是前句的结果。so最常用,thus有时可代替so,二者多用于口语,therefore多用于
正式文件,又常与since或as相呼应,hence多用于说理文。

→例句

· We'll sit nearer the front so we hear better.


我们靠近前方一点坐,以便听得更好。

· Poetry is simply the most beautiful, impressive and widely effective mode of saying things,
and hence its importance.

诗歌者,简言之,就是最美丽、最动人、最有效地抒发意境的方式,这也就是诗歌的
重要性所在。

—— M.Arnold 阿诺德

· If you want to achieve much in your life time, specialize in a certain field to enrich yourself
and help others, and thus life will become meaningful, If you do not want to idle away your life,
you must not waste time.

如果想在有生之年做点什么事,学一点什么学问,充实自己,帮助别人,使生命成为
有意义,不虚此生,那么就不可浪费光阴。

—— Liang Shiqiu 梁实秋

91. DOCTOR: He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he must stay in bed for a week.

翻译:医生:他得了重感冒,威廉斯先生,因此他必须卧床一周。

解构:He(主)has(谓)a bad(定)cold,(宾)Mr. Williams,(呼)so(连)


he(主)must stay(谓)in bed(状)for a week.(状)

难点: have a bad cold 得了重感冒;so作连词,连接两个因果关系的并列句,前面表示原因,so引


导的分句表示结果;week n. 星期,周。

(第一册,L61)

92. It was very dark, so they turned on a torch.

翻译:饭厅里很暗,于是他们打开了手电筒。

解构:It(主)was(系)very(状)dark,(表)so(连)they(主)turned on(谓)a
torch.(宾)

难点: dark adj. 暗的;turn on打开(灯),turn off 关闭;torch n. 手电筒。


(第一册,L119)

句型36 主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+(从句
主语+can, could等)/possible

使用说明

本句型由等比句“as...as”加表示“可能的”词语演化而来,can, could和possible都是加强形容词或副词程
度的,常译成“尽可能地……”。

→例句

· Please write to us as soon as you can.

请尽快给我们写信。

· He managed to finish the work as soon as possible.

他设法尽快完成工作。

· Seize the present day, trusting tomorrow as little as may be.

抓住今天,尽可能少信赖明天。

—— Horace 贺瑞斯

93. The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.

翻译:小偷扔下了手电筒,飞快地逃走了。

解构:The thieves(主)dropped(谓)the torch(宾)and(连)ran away(谓)as


quickly as they could.(状)

难点: as quickly as they could是状语,修饰ran away,第一个as是副词,第二个as是连词,引导比较


(状语从句),could后省略了run,是“能跑多快就跑多快”的意思;away adv. 离去;quickly adv. 快。

(第一册,L119)
第八章 疑问句
疑问句一般是用来提出疑问的。疑问句可分:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问
句、 附加疑问句。但是,疑问句并非只是用来提出疑问,如附加疑问句是说话者提出情
况和看法,问对方同意与否;有时只是提出一个事实,让听话者承认,其中的同向附加疑
问句又分别表示得出结论或关注或挑衅的意思。还有一种“不表示疑问的疑问句”,它们被
用来表示请求、建议、看法、惊奇、赞叹或者责备等意思。现在,我们对这些疑问句的结
构特点、一般表达法和特殊表达法以及它们的用法和注意点等分别作一较详细的阐述。

一般疑问句
一般疑问句的定义是:“一般疑问句指用Yes或No回答的疑问句。”但是,用Yes和No
以外的词语作答语的疑问句也可以是一般疑问句。例如:

—Will you pass me the towel, Please? 请你把毛巾递给我好吗?

—Certainly. 当然可以。

—Would you care to come for a ride in the country?

你愿意来乡村骑车走一走吗?

—Thanks. I'd love to. 谢谢。我很愿意。

—Could you come to the cinema tonight? 今晚你能来看电影吗?

—I wish I could, but you see I have this wretched exam tomorrow.

我倒希望去,可是你知道明天我还有场令人讨厌的考试呢。

→be动词引导的一般疑问句

1. NURSE: Is it urgent?

翻译:护士:急吗?

解构:Is(系)it(主)urgent?(表)
难点:urgent adj. 紧急的。

2. MR. CROFT: Yes, it is. It's very urgent. I feel awful. I have a terrible toothache.

翻译:克罗夫特先生:是的,很急。我难受极了,牙痛得要命。

解构:Yes,(答)it主is.(系)It(主)'s(系)very(状)urgent.(表)I(主)
feel(系)awful.(表)I(主)have(谓)a terrible(定)toothache.(宾)

难点: toothache n. 牙痛;类似的表达还有:headache n. 头痛;backache n. 背痛;stomachache n. 胃


痛。

(第一册,L77)

3. TOM: Is dinner ready, Carol?

翻译:汤姆:卡罗尔,饭好了吗?

解构:Is(系)dinner(主)ready,(表)Carol?(呼)

难点: ready adj. 准备好的。

(第一册,L81)

4. MR. WOOD: Is my car ready yet?

翻译:伍德先生:我的汽车修好了吗?

解构:Is(系)my car(主)ready(表)yet?(状)

难点: yet一般用于疑问句和否定句中,通常位于句末。

(第一册,L87)

5. ATTENDANT: Is this case yours?

翻译:服务员:这箱子是您的吗?

解构:Is(系)this case(主)yours?(表)

难点: 其中的yours是表示所有格的代词,所有格代词不能用于名词之前,在句中一般要重读。
6. MR. HALL: No, that's not mine.

翻译:霍尔先生:不,那不是我的。

解构:No,(答)that(主)'s not(系)mine.(表)

难点: mine pron. 我的。

(第一册,L97)

7. W: Is this your pen?

翻译:这是你的钢笔吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

8. W:Is this your pencil?

翻译:这是你的铅笔吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

9. W: Is this your book?

翻译:这是你的书吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

10. W: Is this your watch?


翻译:这是你的表吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

11. W:Is this your coat?

翻译:这是你的上衣吗?

M: No, it isn't.

翻译:不,不是我的。

(第一册,L4)

12.W: Is this your dress?

翻译:这是你的连衣裙吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

13. W: Is this your skirt?

翻译:这是你的裙子吗?

M: No, it isn't.

翻译:不,不是我的。

(第一册,L4)

14. W: Is this your shirt?

翻译:这是你的衬衣吗?
M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

15.W: Is this your car?

翻译:这是你的小汽车吗?

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

16. W: Is this your house?

翻译:这是你的房子吗?

M: No, it isn't.

翻译:不,不是我的。

(第一册,L4)

17. W: Is this your suit?

翻译:这一套衣服是你的吗?

难点: suit n. 一套衣服。

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

(第一册,L4)

18.W :Is this your school?

翻译:这是你的学校吗?
难点: school n. 学校。

M: No, it isn't.

翻译:不,不是我的。

(第一册,L4)

19. W: Is this your teacher?

翻译:这是你的老师吗?

难点: teacher n. 老师。

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是。

(第一册,L4)

20. W:Is this your son?

翻译:这是你的儿子吗?

难点: son n. 儿子。

M: No, it isn't.

翻译:不,他不是。

(第一册,L4)

21.W: Is this your daughter?

翻译:这是你的女儿吗?

难点: daughter n. 女儿。

M: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,她是。
(第一册,L4)

22. Is this your umbrella?

翻译:这把伞是您的吗?

解构:Is(系)this(主)your umbrella?(表)

23. No, it isn't.

翻译:不,不是。

解构:No,(答)it(主)isn't.(系)

难点: no adv. 不,毫不;isn't(=is not)不是。

(第一册,L3)

24. Is this it?

翻译:这把是吗?

解构:Is(系)this(主)it?(表)

难点: 一般疑问句。

25. Yes, it is.

翻译:是,是这把。

解构:Yes,(答)it(主)is.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答。

(第一册,L3)

26. Is this your handbag?

翻译:这是您的手提包吗?

解构:Is(系)this(主)your handbag?(表)
难点: is vi. be动词现在时的第三人称单数;this pron. 这,这个;your pron. 是you的物主代词,表
示“你的,你们的”;handbag n. (女用)手提包。

27. Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的。

解构:Yes,(答)it(主)is.(系)

难点: it pron. 它;这是对一般疑问句肯定的回答,否定的回答:No, it isn't.

(第一册,L1)

28. M:Is this your pen?

翻译:这是你的钢笔吗?

难点: pen n. 钢笔。

29. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的钢笔。

(第一册,L2)

30. M:Is this your pencil?

翻译:这是你的铅笔吗?

难点: pencil n. 铅笔。

31. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的铅笔。

(第一册,L2)

32. M:Is this your book?

翻译:这是你的书吗?

难点: book n. 书。
33. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的书。

(第一册,L2)

34. M:Is this your watch?

翻译:这是你的手表吗?

难点: watch n. 手表。

35. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的手表。

(第一册,L2)

36. M:Is this your coat?

翻译:这是你的上衣吗?

难点: coat n. 上衣,外衣。

37. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的上衣。

(第一册,L2)

38. M:Is this your dress?

翻译:这是你的连衣裙吗?

难点: dress n.连衣裙。

39. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的连衣裙。

(第一册,L2)
40. M:Is this your skirt?

翻译:这是你的裙子吗?

难点: skirt n. 裙子。

41. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的裙子。

(第一册,L2)

42. M:Is this your shirt?

翻译:这是你的衬衣吗?

难点: shirt n. 衬衣。

43. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的衬衣。

(第一册,L2)

44. M:Is this your car?

翻译:这是你的小汽车吗?

难点: car n. 小汽车。

(第一册,L2)

45. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的小汽车。

46. M:Is this your house?

翻译:这是你的房子吗?

难点: house n. 房子。


47. W: Yes, it is.

翻译:是的,是我的房子。

(第一册,L2)

48. MRS. JOHNSON: Hello. Were you at the butcher's?

翻译:约翰逊夫人:您好。刚才您在肉店里吗?

解构:Hello.(呼)Were(系)you(主)at the butcher's?(表)

难点: 过去发生的而现在已经结束的动作要用一般过去时来表示;were是be动词的过去式,第
一、三人称单数用was,其他情况用were;在英文表示某一种商店的短语中,往往可以把shop这个词省
略,如课文中的the butcher's(shop)和the greengrocer's(shop)蔬菜水果店。

(第一册,L67)

49. MRS. WILLIAMS: Yes, I was. Were you at the butcher's, too?

翻译:威廉斯夫人:是的,我在肉店里。您也在肉店里吗?

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)was.(系)Were(系)you(主)at the butcher's,(表)too?


(状)

难点: butcher n. 屠夫,屠户。

(第一册,L67)

50. TEACHER: Is this your shirt, Dave?

翻译:老师:戴夫,这是你的衬衫吗?

解构:Is(系)this(主)your shirt,(表)Dave?(呼)

难点: Dave n. 戴夫(David 的昵称)。

51. DAVE: No, sir. It's not my shirt.

翻译:戴夫:不,先生。这不是我的衬衫。
解构:No,(答)sir.(呼)It(主)'s not(系)my shirt.(表)

难点: sir是指先生,阁下(对长辈、上级或商店里对男性顾客的尊称);my是I的所有格,I — my,


we — our, he — his, you — your, she — her, they — their。I, you, he, she等是人称代词主格,要单独使用;而
my, your, his, her等是形容词性物主代词,不能单独使用,要和名词一起使用,作名词的定语,如:my
chair我的椅子;your bag你的书包。

(第一册,L11)

52. TEACHER: Is this shirt Tim's?

翻译:老师:这件衬衫是蒂姆的吗?

解构:Is(系)this shirt(主)Tim's?(表)

难点: Tim's是名词的所有格形式;单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格一般在词尾加-'s,
如:my mother's handbag。

53. DAVE: Perhaps it is, sir. Tim's shirt's white.

翻译:戴夫:也许是,先生。蒂姆的衬衫是白色的。

解构:Perhaps(状)it(主)is,(系)sir.(呼)Tim's shirt(主)'s(系)white.
(表)

难点: perhaps adv. 大概;white adj. 白色的。

(第一册,L11)

54. TEACHER: Is this your shirt?

翻译:老师:这是你的衬衫吗?

解构:Is(系)this(主)your shirt?(表)

难点: 一般疑问句。

55. TIM: Yes, sir.

翻译:蒂姆:是的,先生。
解构:Yes,(答)sir.(呼)

难点: 表示肯定的应答。

(第一册,L11)

56. JEAN: Is Tim in the garden, too?

翻译:琼:蒂姆也在花园里吗?

解构:Is(系)Tim(主)in the garden,(表)too?(状)

难点: too表示“也”,习惯上放在肯定句末,一般用逗号隔开。

57. JACK: Yes, he is. He's climbing the tree.

翻译:杰克:是的,他在花园里。他正在爬树。

解构:Yes,(答)he(主)is.(系)He(主)'s climbing(谓)the tree.(宾)

难点: climb v. 爬,攀登。

(第一册,L31)

58. W: Is Jack putting on his shirt?

翻译:杰克正在穿衬衫吗?

M: No, he isn't putting on his shirt.

翻译:不,他没在穿衬衫。

(第一册,L32)

59. W: Is Mr. Richards turning on the light?

翻译:理查兹先生正在开灯吗?

M: No, he isn't turning on the light?

翻译:不,他没在开灯。
(第一册,L32)

60. W: Is Sally dusting the dressing table?

翻译:萨莉正在扫梳妆台上的灰吗?

M: No, she isn't dusting the dressing table.

翻译:不,她没在扫梳妆台上的灰。

(第一册,L32)

61. W: Are you going to put on your hat?

翻译:你准备戴上你的帽子吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to put it on.

翻译:是的,我准备戴上它。

(第一册,L40)

62. W: Are you going to take off your shoes?

翻译:你准备脱掉你的鞋子吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to take them off.

翻译:是的,我准备脱掉它们。

(第一册,L40)

63. W: Are you going to turn on the light?

翻译:你准备打开灯吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn it on.

翻译:是的,我准备打开它。

(第一册,L40)
64. W: Are you going to turn off the taps?

翻译:你准备关掉水龙头吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn them off.

翻译:是的,我准备关掉它们。

(第一册,L40)

65. W: Are you going to put on your suit?

翻译:你准备穿上你的套服吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to put it on.

翻译:是的,我准备穿上它。

(第一册,L40)

66. W: Are you going to take off your hat?

翻译:你准备摘掉你的帽子吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to take it off.

翻译:是的,我准备摘掉它。

(第一册,L40)

67. W: Are you going to turn on the lights?

翻译:你准备打开灯吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn them on.

翻译:是的,我准备打开它们。

(第一册,L40)

68. W: Are you going to turn off the television?


翻译:你准备关掉电视机吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn it off.

翻译:是的,我准备关掉它。

(第一册,L40)

69. W: Are you going to turn off the lights?

翻译:你准备关掉灯吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn them off.

翻译:是的,我准备关掉它们。

(第一册,L40)

70. W: Are you going to turn on the stereo?

翻译:你准备打开音响吗?

M: Yes, I'm going to turn it on.

翻译:是的,我准备打开它。

(第一册,L40)

71. W: Is the cat eating?

翻译:猫正在吃东西吗?

M: No, it isn't eating.

翻译:不,它没在吃。

(第一册,L32)

72. W: Is Tim cleaning his teeth?

翻译:蒂姆正在刷牙吗?
难点: clean v. 清洗;tooth n. 牙齿(复数teeth)。

M: No, he isn't cleaning his teeth.

翻译:不,他没在刷牙。

(第一册,L32)

73. W: Is your sister emptying the basket?

翻译:你妹妹正在把篮子倒空吗?

难点: basket n. 篮子。

M: No, she isn't emptying the basket.

翻译:不,她没在倒篮子。

(第一册,L32)

74. W: Is the dog drinking its milk?

翻译:狗正在喝牛奶吗?

难点: drink v. 喝;milk n. 牛奶。

(第一册,L32)

M: No, it isn't drinking its milk.

翻译:不,它没在喝牛奶。

(第一册,L32)

75. W: Is Nicola making the bed?

翻译:尼古拉正在铺床吗?

M: No, she isn't making the bed.

翻译:不,她没在铺床。
(第一册,L32)

76. W: What are the cooks doing? Are they washing dishes?

翻译:这些厨师正在做什么?他们正在洗碟子吗?

难点: wash v. 洗。

M: No, they aren't washing dishes. They're cooking.

翻译:不,他们没在洗碟子。他们正在做饭。

(第一册,L34)

77. ROBERT: Are you French?

翻译:罗伯特:你是法国人吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)French?(表)

难点: French n. 法国人。

78. SOPHIE: Yes, I am.

翻译:索菲娅:是的,我是法国人。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)am.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答。

(第一册,L7)

79. SOPHIE: Are you French, too?

翻译:索菲娅:你也是法国人吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)French,(表)too?(状)

难点: too表示“也”。

80. ROBERT: No, I am not.


翻译:罗伯特:不,我不是。

解构:No,(答)I(主)am not.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的否定回答;no和not都是否定词,但是用法不同。no通常表示否定,意思
是“不”“不是”,与yes相对;not不能单独使用,通常放在动词或其他助动词之后。

(第一册,L7)

81. ROBERT: Are you a teacher?

翻译:罗伯特:你是教师吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)a teacher?(表)

82. SOPHIE: No, I'm not.

翻译:索菲娅:不,我不是。

解构:No,(答)I(主)'m not.(系)

难点: Are you...?的否定回答形式。

(第一册,L7)

83. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you Swedish?

翻译:海关官员:你们是瑞典人吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)Swedish?(表)

难点: customs n. 海关;officer n. 官员;Swedish n. 瑞典人。

84. GIRLS: No, we are not. We are Danish.

翻译:姑娘们:不,我们不是瑞典人。我们是丹麦人。

解构:No,(答)we(主)are not.(系)We(主)are(系)Danish.(表)

难点: girl n. 女孩,姑娘;Danish adj. & n. 丹麦人(的)。

(第一册,L15)
85. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends Danish, too?

翻译:海关官员:你们的朋友也是丹麦人吗?

解构:Are(系)your friends(主)Danish,(表)too?(状)

难点: friend n. 朋友;too表示“也”,习惯上放在句末,一般用逗号隔开。

86. GIRLS: No, they aren't. They are Norwegian.

翻译:姑娘们:不,他们不是丹麦人。他们是挪威人。

解构:No,(答)they(主)aren't.(系)They(主)are(系)Norwegian.(表)

难点: they pron. 他们,它们;aren't是are not的缩写形式;Norwegian adj. & n. 挪威人(的)。

(第一册,L15)

87. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are these your cases?

翻译:海关官员:这些是你们的箱子吗?

解构:Are(系)these(主)your cases?(表)

难点: these pron. 这些; case n. 箱子,相关的词还有:briefcase公文包,suitcase手提箱。

88. GIRLS: No, they aren't.

翻译:姑娘们:不,它们不是。

解构:No,(答)they(主)aren't.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的否定回答,是“No, it isn't.”的复数形式。

(第一册,L15)

89. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you tourists?

翻译:海关官员:你们是来旅游的吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)tourists?(表)
难点: tourist n. 旅游者。

90. GIRLS: Yes, we are.

翻译:姑娘们:是的,我们是来旅游的。

解构:Yes,(答)we(主)are.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答;we pron. 我们。

(第一册,L15)

91. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends tourists too?

翻译:海关官员:你们的朋友也是来旅游的吗?

解构:Are(系)your friends(主)tourists(表)too?(状)

92. GIRLS: Yes, they are.

翻译:姑娘们:是的,他们是。

解构:Yes,(答)they(主)are.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答。

(第一册,L15)

93. W: What colour are your pens? Are they red?

翻译:你们的钢笔是什么颜色的?它们是红色的吗?

难点: red adj. 红色的。

94. M: Our pens are not red. They are blue.

翻译:我们的钢笔不是红色的。它们是蓝色的。

(第一册,L16)

95. W: What colour are your passports? Are they blue?


翻译:你们的护照是什么颜色的?它们是蓝色的吗?

M: Our passports are not blue. They are green.

翻译:我们的护照不是蓝色的。它们是绿色的。

(第一册,L16)

96. W: What colour are your handbags? Are they grey?

翻译:你们的手提包是什么颜色的?它们是灰色的吗?

M: Our handbags are not grey. They are white.

翻译:我们的手提包不是灰色的。它们是白色的。

难点: grey adj. 灰色的。

(第一册,L16)

97. W: What colour are your blouses? Are they orange?

翻译:你们的女衬衫是什么颜色的?它们是橘黄色的吗?

M: Our blouses are not orange. They are yellow.

翻译:我们的女衬衫不是橘黄色的。它们是黄色的。

难点: orange adj. 橘黄色的。

(第一册,L16)

98. W: What colour are your coats? Are they black?

翻译:你们的上衣是什么颜色的?它们是黑色的吗?

M: Our coats are not black. They are grey.

翻译:我们的上衣不是黑色的。它们是灰色的。

难点: black adj. 黑色的。


(第一册,L16)

99. W: What colour are your dresses? Are they brown?

翻译:你们的连衣裙是什么颜色的?它们是棕色的吗?

M: Our dresses are not brown. They are green.

翻译:我们的连衣裙不是棕色的。它们是绿色的。

(第一册,L16)

100. W: What colour are your shirts? Are they blue?

翻译:你们的衬衫是什么颜色的?它们是蓝色的吗?

M: Our shirts are not blue. They are white.

翻译:我们的衬衫不是蓝色的。它们是白色的。

(第一册,L16)

101. W: What colour are your hats? Are they green and red?

翻译:你们的帽子是什么颜色的?它们是红绿色的吗?

M: Our hats are not green and red. They are black and grey.

翻译:我们的帽子不是红绿相间的。它们是黑灰色的。

(第一册,L16)

102. W: What colour are your ties? Are they red?

翻译:你们的领带是什么颜色的?它们是红色的吗?

M: Our ties are not red. They are orange.

翻译:我们的领带不是红色的。它们是橘黄色的。

(第一册,L16)
103. W: What are their jobs? Are they mechanics?

翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是机械师吗?

M: They aren't mechanics. They're sales reps.

翻译:他们不是机械师。他们是推销员。

(第一册,L18)

104. W: What are their jobs? Are they keyboard operators?

翻译:她们是做什么工作的?她们是电脑录入员吗?

M: They aren't keyboard operators? They're nurses.

翻译:她们不是电脑录入员。她们是护士。

(第一册,L18)

105. W: What are their jobs? Are they postmen?

翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是邮递员吗?

M: They aren't postmen. They're milkmen.

翻译:他们不是邮递员。他们是送牛奶的人。

(第一册,L18)

106. W: What are their jobs? Are they policewomen?

翻译:她们是做什么工作的?她们是女警察吗?

M: They aren't policewomen. They're air hostesses.

翻译:她们不是女警察。她们是空中小姐。

(第一册,L18)

107. W: What are their jobs? Are they Customs officers?


翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是海关官员吗?

M: They aren't Customs officers. They're engineers.

翻译:他们不是海关官员。他们是工程师。

(第一册,L18)

108. W: What are their jobs? Are they hairdressers?

翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是理发师吗?

M: They aren't hairdressers.They're taxi drivers.

翻译:他们不是理发师。他们是出租车司机。

(第一册,L18)

109. W: What are their jobs? Are they engineers?

翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是工程师吗?

M: They aren't engineers. They're teachers.

翻译:他们不是工程师。他们是教师。

(第一册,L18)

110. W: What are their jobs? Are they policewomen?

翻译:她们是做什么工作的?她们是女警察吗?

M: They aren't policewomen. They're housewives.

翻译:她们不是女警察。她们是家庭主妇。

(第一册,L18)

111. W: What are their jobs? Are they milkmen?

翻译:他们是做什么工作的?他们是送牛奶的工人吗?
M: They aren't milkmen. They're hairdressers.

翻译:他们不是送牛奶的工人。他们是理发师。

(第一册,L18)

112. W: What are their jobs? Are they nurses?

翻译:她们是做什么工作的?她们是护士吗?

M: They aren't nurses. They're keyboard operators.

翻译:她们不是护士。她们是电脑录入员。

(第一册,L18)

113. MOTHER: Are you all right now?

翻译:母亲:你们现在好些了吗?

解构:Are(系)you(主)all right(表)now?(状)

难点: all n. 所有的一切;right adj. 好,可以;now n. 现在,如今。

114. BOY: No, we aren't.

翻译:男孩:不,还没有。

解构:No,(答)we(主)aren't.(系)

难点: 一般疑问句的否定回答。

(第一册,L19)

115. W: Look at that boy's shoes. Are they dirty?

翻译:看那个男孩的鞋子。它们很脏吗?

难点: shoe n. 鞋子。

M: They're not dirty. They're clean.


翻译:它们不脏。它们很干净。

(第一册,L20)

116. W: Look at those postmen. Are they cold?

翻译:看那些邮递员。他们冷吗?

M: They're not cold. They're hot.

翻译:他们不冷。他们很热。

(第一册,L20)

117. W: Look at those hairdressers. Are they thin?

翻译:看那些理发师。他们瘦吗?

M: They're not thin. They're fat.

翻译:他们不瘦。他们很胖。

(第一册,L20)

118. W: Look at those shoes. Are they small?

翻译:看那些鞋子。它们小吗?

M: They're not small. They're big.

翻译:它们不小。它们很大。

难点: big adj. 大的;small adj. 小的。

(第一册,L20)

119. W: Look at those shops. Are they shut?

翻译:看那些商店。它们关门了吗?

M: They're not shut. They're open.


翻译:它们没关门。它们是开着的。

难点: open adj. 开着的;shut adj. 关着的。

(第一册,L20)

120. W: Look at those cases. Are they heavy?

翻译:看那些箱子。它们重吗?

M: They're not heavy. They're light.

翻译:它们不重,它们很轻。

难点: light adj. 轻的;heavy adj. 重的。

(第一册,L20)

121. W: Look at grandmother and grandfather. Are they young?

翻译:看祖父和祖母。他们年轻吗?

难点: grandfather n. 祖父,外祖父;grandmother n. 祖母,外祖母。

M: They're not young. They're old.

翻译:他们不年轻。他们很老了。

(第一册,L20)

122. W: Look at those hats. Are they new?

翻译:看那些帽子。它们很新吗?

M: They're not new. They're old.

翻译:它们不新。它们是旧的。

(第一册,L20)

123. W: Look at those policemen. Are they short?


翻译:看那些警察。他们很矮吗?

M: They're not short. They're tall.

翻译:他们不矮。他们很高。

(第一册,L20)

124. W: Look at those trousers. Are they long?

翻译:看那些裤子。它们很长吗?

难点: long adj. 长的。

M: They're not long. They're short.

翻译:它们不长。它们很短。

(第一册,L20)

125. W: Are these your keys?

翻译:这些是你的钥匙吗?

M: Yes, they're mine. They belong to me.

翻译:是的,它们是我的。它们属于我。

(第一册,L98)

126. W: Is this John's letter?

翻译:这是约翰的信吗?

M: Yes, it's his. It belongs to him.

翻译:是的,是他的。它属于他。

(第一册,L98)

127. W: Are these my clothes?


翻译:这些是我的衣服吗?

M: Yes, they're yours. They belong to you.

翻译:是的,它们是你的。它们属于你。

(第一册,L98)

128. W: Is this Jane's passport?

翻译:这是简的护照吗?

M: Yes, it's hers. It belongs to her.

翻译:是的,是她的。是她的护照。

(第一册,L98)

129. W: Are these their tickets?

翻译:这些是他们的票吗?

M: Yes, they're theirs. They belong to them.

翻译:是的,它们是他们的。它们属于他们。

(第一册,L98)

130. W: Is this your watch?

翻译:这是你的手表吗?

M: Yes, it's mine.It belongs to me.

翻译:是的,是我的。它属于我。

(第一册,L98)

131. W: Are these her flowers?

翻译:这些是她的花吗?
M: Yes, they're hers. They belong to her.

翻译:是的,是她的。它们属于她。

(第一册,L98)

132. W: Is this my boat?

翻译:这是我的船吗?

M: Yes, it's yours. It belongs to you.

翻译:是的,是你的。它属于你。

(第一册,L98)

133. W: Is this Jim's phrasebook?

翻译:这是吉米的外语常用语手册吗?

M: Yes, it's his. It belongs to him.

翻译:是的,是他的。它属于他。

(第一册,L98)

134. W: Are these hammers Frank's and Gary's?

翻译:这些锤子是弗兰克和加里的吗?

M: Yes, they're theirs. They belong to them.

翻译:是的,它们是他们的。它们属于他们。

(第一册,L98)

135. W: Is this our car?

翻译:这是我们的小汽车吗?

M: Yes, it's ours. It belongs to us.


翻译:是的,它是我们的。它属于我们。

(第一册,L98)

136. W: Are these the children's pens?

翻译:这些是孩子们的钢笔吗?

M: Yes, they're theirs. They belong to them.

翻译:是的,它们是他们的。它们属于他们。

(第一册,L98)

137. GARY: French tests are awful, aren't they?

翻译:加里:法语考试太可怕了,你说呢?

解构:French tests(主)are(系)awful,(表)aren't(系)they?(主)

难点: 附加疑问句,前面用肯定式,后面用否定式。

138. RICHARD: I hate them. I'm sure I've got a low mark.

翻译:理查德:我讨厌法语考试。我的成绩肯定很低。

第一层:I(主)hate(谓)them.(宾)I(主)'m(系)sure(表)I've got a low mark.


(表语从句)

难点: hate v. 讨厌。

第二层:I(主)'ve got(谓)a low(定)mark.(宾)

难点: mark n. 分数;low的反义词为high。

(第一册,L103)

139. REPORTER: Are you going to make another?

翻译:记者:您准备再拍一部吗?

解构:Are(谓)you(主)going to make(谓)another?(宾)
难点: another pron. 另一个;another与the other都有“另一个”的意思,another表示不定数目中的另
一个,而the other表示二者中的另一个。

140. MISS MARSH: No, I'm not.

翻译:马什小姐:不,我不准备拍了。

解构:No,(答)I(主)'m not.(系)

(第一册,L133)

141. REPORTER: Are you really going to retire, Miss Marsh?

翻译:记者:马什小姐,您真的准备退休吗?

解构:Are(谓)you(主)really(状)going to retire,(谓)Miss Marsh?(呼)

难点: retire v. 退休。

142. MISS MARSH: I may.

翻译:马什小姐:有可能退。

解构:I(主)may.(谓)

(第一册,L135)

143. JULIE: Are you doing the football pools, Brian?

翻译:朱莉:布赖恩,你正在下足球赛的赌注吗?

解构:Are(谓)you(主)doing(谓)the football pools,(宾)Brian?(呼)

难点: football pools n. 英国流行的一种赌博方式,靠在足球比赛结果上的赌注来决定输赢。

144. BRIAN: Yes, I've nearly finished, Julie.

翻译:布赖恩:是的。我这就做完了,朱莉。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)'ve(谓)nearly(状)finished,(谓)Julie.(呼)

(第一册,L137)
145. MANAGER: Is this the man that you served, Caroline?

翻译:经理:卡罗琳,这就是你接待过的那个人吗?

第一层:Is(系)this(主)the man(表)that you served,(定语从句)Caroline?


(呼)

第二层:that(引)you(主)served,(谓)

146. CAROLINE: Yes. I recognize him now.

翻译:卡罗琳:是的。我现在认出他来了。

解构:Yes.(答)I(主)recognize(谓)him(宾)now.(状)

难点: recognize v. 认出。

(第一册,L121)

147. HANS: Is it very cold in winter?

翻译:汉斯:冬季的天气很冷吗?

解构:Is(系)it(主)very(状)cold(表)in winter?(状)

难点: winter n. 冬天。

148. DIMITRI: It's often cold in December, January and February. It snows sometimes.

翻译:迪米特里:十二月、一月和二月常常很冷,有时还下雪。

解构:It(主)'s(系)often(状)cold(表)in December, January and February.


(状)It(主)snows(谓)sometimes.(状)

难点: December n. 十二月;January n. 一月;February n. 二月;n. snow v. 下雪。

(第一册,L51)

149. SHOP ASSISTANT: Is that all?

翻译:售货员:就要这些吗?
解构:Is(系)that(主)all?(表)

难点: Is that all? 就这些吗?

150. LADY: That's all, thank you.

翻译:女士:就这些,谢谢。

解构:That(主)'s(系)all,(表)thank you.(插入语)

难点: that's all 表示“就这些,……完了”。

(第一册,L59)

→Do引导的一般疑问句

151. W: Does anyone ever open this window?

翻译:有人打开这扇窗吗?

M: Yes, it is opened regularly.

翻译:是的,它经常开着。

难点: regularly adv. 经常地。

(第一册,L142)

152. W: Does anyone ever take him to school?

翻译:有人带他去学校吗?

M: Yes, he is taken to school regularly.

翻译:是的,他经常被带到学校。

(第一册,L142)

153. W: Did anyone ever repair that car?

翻译:有人修过那辆车吗?
M: Yes, it was repaired regularly.

翻译:是的,以前有人经常修它。

(第一册,L142)

154. W: Does anyone ever air this room?

翻译:有人给房间通风吗?

M: Yes, it is aired regularly.

翻译:是的,经常有人给它通风。

(第一册,L142)

155. W: Does anyone ever correct these exercise books?

翻译:有人改过这些练习册吗?

M: Yes, they are corrected regularly.

翻译:是的,经常有人改。

(第一册,L142)

156. W: Does anyone ever invite him to a party?

翻译:有人邀请他参加聚会吗?

M: Yes, he is invited regularly.

翻译:是的,他经常被邀请。

(第一册,L142)

157. W: Does anyone ever meet them at the station?

翻译:有人在车站遇到他们吗?

M: Yes, they are met at the station regularly.


翻译:是的,人们经常在车站遇见他们。

(第一册,L142)

158. W: Did anyone ever sharpen this knife?

翻译:有人磨过这把刀吗?

M: Yes, it was sharpened regularly.

翻译:是的,以前经常有人磨它。

(第一册,L142)

159. W: Did anyone ever sharpen these knives?

翻译:有人磨过这些刀吗?

M: Yes, they were sharpened regularly.

翻译:是的,以前经常有人磨它们。

(第一册,L142)

160. W: Did anyone ever watch them?

翻译:有人看过他们吗?

M: Yes, they were watched regularly.

翻译:是的,以前他们经常有人看。

(第一册,L142)

161. CHARLOTTE: It's ready. Do you want any milk?

翻译:夏洛特:咖啡好了,你要放点奶吗?

解构:It(主)'s(系)ready.(表)Do(谓)you(主)want(谓)any milk?(宾)

难点: ready adj. 准备好的;any(作定语)用于疑问句、否定句、条件从句或与含有疑问、否定意


义的词连用。
(第一册,L109)

162. W:Do you think they will offer you a job?

翻译:你认为他们将会给你工作吗?

M: I'm not sure. They may offer me a job.

翻译:我不确定。他们可能给我工作。

(第一册,L132)

163. W:Do you think she's only 29?

翻译:你认为她只有29岁吗?

M: I'm not sure. She may be only 29.

翻译:我不确定。她可能只有29岁。

(第一册,L132)

164. W:Do you think my answer was right?

翻译:你认为我刚才的回答对吗?

M: I'm not sure. It may have been right.

翻译:我不确定。可能刚才是对的。

(第一册,L132)

165. W:Do you think he's in his room?

翻译:你认为他在房间里吗?

M: I'm not sure. He may be in his room.

翻译:我不确定。他可能在房间里。

(第一册,L132)
166. W:Do you think they were reading?

翻译:你认为刚才他们在看书吗?

M: I'm not sure. They may have been reading.

翻译:我不确定。他们刚才可能在看书。

(第一册,L132)

167. W:Do you think they were in the garden?

翻译:你认为他们刚才在花园里吗?

M: I'm not sure. They may have been in the garden.

翻译:我不确定。他们刚才可能在花园里。

(第一册,L132)

168. W:Do you think this bread is fresh?

翻译:你认为面包是新鲜的吗?

M: I'm not sure. It may be fresh.

翻译:我不确定。它可能是新鲜的。

(第一册,L132)

169. W:Do you think she was Danish?

翻译:你认为她曾是丹麦人吗?

M: I'm not sure. She may have been Danish.

翻译:我不确定。她可能曾是丹麦人。

(第一册,L132)

170. W:Do you think he was repairing the car?


翻译:你认为他刚才正在修小汽车吗?

M: I'm not sure. He may have been repairing the car.

翻译:我不确定。他刚才可能在修车。

(第一册,L132)

171. W:Do you think they are playing in the garden?

翻译:你认为他们正在花园里玩吗?

M: I'm not sure. They may be playing in the garden.

翻译:我不确定。他们可能正在花园里玩。

172. LADY: Do you have any writing paper?

翻译:女士:您有信纸吗?

解构:Do(谓)you(主)have(谓)any writing paper?(宾)

难点: any意为“一些”,用于否定句和疑问句中;have意为“有”,表示主语拥有某物,have有人称和
数的变化;writing paper写字纸、信纸。

173. SHOP ASSISTANT: Yes, we do.

翻译:售货员:有。

解构:Yes,(答)we(主)do.(谓)

难点: 这里的do代替have。

174. SHOP ASSISTANT: I don't have any small pads. I only have large ones. Do you want
a pad?

翻译:售货员:我没有小本的信纸,只有大本的。您要一本吗?

解构:I(主)don't have(谓)any small pads.(宾)I(主)only(状)have(谓)


large ones.(宾)Do(谓)you(主)want(谓)a pad?(宾)
难点: only adv. 只有;ones指代pads(信笺)。

175. LADY: Yes, please.

翻译:女士:好,请拿一本。

解构:Yes,(答)please.(插入语)

难点: 省略句。

(第一册,L59)

176. MRS. WILLIAMS: Does he have a temperature, doctor?

翻译:威廉斯夫人:他还发烧吗,医生?

解构:Does(谓)he(主)have(谓)a temperature,(宾)doctor?(呼)

难点: 发烧可以说have/get a temperature,have/run a fever。

177. DOCTOR: No, he doesn't.

翻译:医生:不,他不发烧了。

解构:No,(答)he(主)doesn't.(谓)

难点: 一般疑问句的否定回答。

(第一册,L63)

178. LADY: Do you have any shoes like these?

翻译:女士:像这样的鞋子你们有吗?

解构:Do(谓)you(主)have(谓)any shoes(宾)like these?(定)

难点: shoe n. 鞋,鞋子;like these是介词短语作定语,修饰shoes,意思是“像这样的鞋子”。

(第一册,L75)

179. W: Did you buy a new car last year?


翻译:你去年买了一辆新车吗?

M: Yes, I bought a new car last year.

翻译:是的,我去年买了一辆新车。

(第一册,L88)

180. W: Did you find your pen yesterday?

翻译:你昨天找到你的钢笔了吗?

M: Yes, I found my pen yesterday.

翻译:是的,我昨天找到了我的钢笔。

(第一册,L88)

181. W: Did you get a new television set last year?

翻译:你去年买了一台新电视机吗?

M: Yes, I got a new television set last year.

翻译:是的,我去年买了一台新电视机。

(第一册,L88)

182. W: Did you leave the office early this afternoon?

翻译:今天下午你很早离开办公室吗?

M: Yes, I left the office early this afternoon.

翻译:是的,今天下午我很早离开办公室。

(第一册,L88)

183. W: Did you hear the news last night?

翻译:你昨晚听到这个消息吗?
M: Yes, I heard the news last night.

翻译:是的,我昨晚听到了这个消息。

(第一册,L88)

184. W: Did you make your bed this morning?

翻译:你今早整理床铺了吗?

M: Yes, I made my bed this morning.

翻译:是的,我今早整理床铺了。

(第一册,L88)

185. W: Did you meet Harry yesterday?

翻译:你昨天遇见哈利了吗?

M: Yes, I met Harry yesterday.

翻译:是的,我昨天遇见哈利了。

(第一册,L88)

186. W:Did you read this book last week?

翻译:你上星期看这本书了吗?

M: Yes, I read this book last week.

翻译:是的,我上星期看了这本书。

(第一册,L90)

187. W:Did you do your homework last night?

翻译:你昨晚做作业了吗?

M: Yes, I did my homework last night.


翻译:是的,我昨晚做作业了。

(第一册,L90)

188. W:Did you swim across the river last week?

翻译:你上星期从河里游过去了吗?

M: Yes, I swam across the river last week.

翻译:是的,我上星期从河里游过去了。

(第一册,L90)

189. W:Did you go to London yesterday?

翻译:你昨天去伦敦了吗?

M: Yes, I went to London yesterday.

翻译:是的,我昨天去伦敦了。

(第一册,L90)

190. W:Did you see that film last week?

翻译:你上星期看那场电影了吗?

M: Yes, I saw that film last week.

翻译:是的,我上星期看那场电影了。

(第一册,L90)

191. W:Did you speak to the boss this morning?

翻译:今天早上你和老板谈话了吗?

M: Yes, I spoke to the boss this morning.

翻译:是的,我今天早上和老板谈了。
(第一册,L90)

192. W:Did you put on your coat a minute ago?

翻译:你一分钟前穿上上衣了吗?

M: Yes, I put on my coat a minute ago.

翻译:是的,我一分钟前穿上上衣了。

(第一册,L90)

193. W:Did you take your medicine this morning?

翻译:你今天早上喝药了吗?

M: Yes, I took my medicine this morning.

翻译:是的,我今天早上喝药了。

(第一册,L90)

194. SUSAN: Do you have to water it now?

翻译:苏珊:你一定得现在浇吗?

解构:Do(谓)you(主)have to water(谓)it(宾)now?(状)

难点: have to(过去式had to)不得不,必须;have to强调客观需要多一些,must则着重说明主观


看法。

195. PETER: I'm afraid I must. Look at it! It's terribly dry.

翻译:彼得:恐怕我得现在浇。你看看,干得厉害。

第一层:I(主)'m(系)afraid(表)I must.(表语从句)Look at(谓)it!(宾)


It(主)'s(系)terribly(状)dry.(表)

第二层:I(主)must.(谓)

难点: terribly adv. 厉害; dry adj. 干的,干燥的。


(第一册,L125)

196. W: Do you come from Brazil?

翻译:你来自巴西吗?

难点: Brazil n. 巴西。

(第一册,L52)

197. W: Do you have any butter?

翻译:你有黄油吗?

M: I don't have any butter, but I have some cheese.

翻译:我没有黄油,但我有奶酪。

(第一册,L60)

198. W: Do you and Penny have any beans?

翻译:你和彭妮有豆角吗?

M: We don't have any beans, but we have some potatoes.

翻译:我们没有豆角,但我们有土豆。

(第一册,L60)

199. W: Do Penny and Tom have any wine?

翻译:彭妮和汤姆有果酒吗?

M: They don't have any wine, but they have some beer.

翻译:他们没有果酒,但他们有啤酒。

(第一册,L60)

200. W: Do you have any honey?


翻译:你有蜂蜜吗?

M: I don't have any honey, but I have some jam.

翻译:我没有蜂蜜,但我有果酱。

(第一册,L60)

201. W: Do you and Tom have any bread?

翻译:你和汤姆有面包吗?

M: We don't have any bread, but we have some biscuits.

翻译:我们没有面包,但我们有饼干。

(第一册,L60)

202. W: Do Tom and Penny have any grapes?

翻译:汤姆和彭妮有葡萄吗?

M: They don't have any grapes, but they have some bananas.

翻译:他们没有葡萄,但他们有香蕉。

(第一册,L60)

203. W: Do you have any mince?

翻译:你有肉末吗?

M: I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.

翻译:我没有肉末,但我有牛排。

(第一册,L60)

204. W: Do the children have any butter?

翻译:孩子们有黄油吗?
M: They don't have any butter, but they have some eggs.

翻译:他们没有黄油,但他们有鸡蛋。

(第一册,L60)

205. W: Do you have any lettuces?

翻译:你有莴苣吗?

M: I don't have any lettuces, but I have some cabbages.

翻译:我没有莴苣,但我有卷心菜。

(第一册,L60)

206. W: Do you and Penny have any beans?

翻译:你和彭妮有豆角吗?

M: We don't have any beans, but we have some peas.

翻译:我们没有豆角,但我们有豌豆。

(第一册,L60)

207. W: Does he come from the U.S.?

翻译:他来自美国吗?

M: No, he does't come from the U.S. He comes from Brazil.

翻译:不,他不是来自美国。他来自巴西。

(第一册,L52)

208. W: Does she come from England?

翻译:她来自英国吗?

难点: England n. 英国。


M: No, she does't come from England. She comes from Holland.

翻译:不,她不是来自英国。她来自荷兰。

难点: Holland n. 荷兰。

(第一册,L52)

209. W: Do you both come from Holland?

翻译:你俩来自荷兰吗?

M: No, we don't come from Holland. We come from England.

翻译:不,我们不是来自荷兰。我们来自英国。

(第一册,L52)

210. W: Do they come from Germany?

翻译:他们来自德国吗?

M: No, they don't come from Germany. They come from France.

翻译:不,他们不是来自德国。他们来自法国。

难点: Germany n. 德国;France n. 法国。

(第一册,L52)

211. W: Do I come from France?

翻译:我来自法国吗?

M: No, you don't come from France. You come from Germany.

翻译:不,你不是来自法国。你来自德国。

(第一册,L52)

212. W: Does he come from Italy?


翻译:他来自意大利吗?

难点: Italy n. 意大利。

M: No, he doesn't come from Italy. He comes from Greece.

翻译:不,他不是来自意大利。他来自希腊。

(第一册,L52)

213. W: Do we both come from Greece?

翻译:我们俩都来自希腊吗?

M: No, you don't come from Greece. You come from Italy.

翻译:不,你们不是来自希腊。你们来自意大利。

(第一册,L52)

→Will/Would的一般疑问句

含情态动词will/would的一般疑问句及其表达的意义

1)预言将要发生什么事。例如:

Will house prices rise again next year? 明年房价还会上涨吗?

2)表示“请求”。例如:

Will you hold the door open for me please? 请你帮我扶下门让它开着好吗?

Would you (please) turn off the radio for me? (请)你帮我把收音机关掉好吗?

还常用:Would you like to+不定式?和 Would you mind+动名词?

上述疑问句的答语常见的有:

Yes, of course (I will). 好,当然(我肯)。

No, I'm afraid I can't (at he moment). 不,(这会儿)恐怕不行。


3)表示“提议”。例如:

上述疑问句的答语一般不采用情态动词形式,以避免生硬和不礼貌。例如:

Yes, please. 好的。

No, thank you. 不用了,谢谢你。

Yes, I'd like/love some. 好的,来一点。

214. LINDA: Will you see Ian today, Jenny?

翻译:琳达:詹妮,您今天会见到伊恩吗?

解构:Will(谓)you(主)see(谓)Ian(宾)today,(状)Jenny?(呼)

难点: 一般疑问句。

215. JENNY: Yes, I will.

翻译:詹妮:是的,我会见到他。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)will.(谓)

难点: 对于一般将来时的回答是“Yes,主语+will”或“No,主语+won't”。

(第一册,L91)

216. W: Will you go to Athens next week?


翻译:你下星期要去雅典吗?

难点: Athens n. 雅典。

M: No,I won't go to Athens next week. I will go to Beijing.

翻译:不,我下星期不去雅典。我将去北京。

(第一册,L94)

217. W: Will you and Jane fly to Berlin this week?

翻译:你和简这星期要飞往柏林吗?

难点: Berlin n. 柏林。

M: No,we won't fly to Berlin this week. We will fly to Athens.

翻译:不,我们这星期不飞往柏林。我们将飞往雅典。

(第一册,L94)

218. W: Will Sam leave for Bombay next month?

翻译:萨姆下月要动身去孟买吗?

难点: Bombay n. 孟买。

M: No,he won't leave for Bombay next month. He will leave for Berlin.

翻译:不,他下月不去孟买。他将去柏林。

(第一册,L94)

219. W: Will Penny return to Geneva next year?

翻译:明年彭妮要回到日内瓦吗?

难点: Geneva n. 日内瓦。

M: No,she won't return to Geneva next year. She will return to Bombay.
翻译:不,她明年不回日内瓦。她将回孟买。

(第一册,L94)

220. W: Will you fly to London tomorrow?

翻译:明天你要飞往伦敦吗?

M: No,I won't fly to London tomorrow. I will fly to Geneva.

翻译:不,我明天不飞往伦敦。我要飞往日内瓦。

(第一册,L94)

221. W: Will you and Tom go to Madrid next year?

翻译:你和汤姆明年要去马德里吗?

M: No,we won't go to Madrid next year. We will go to London.

翻译:不,我们明年不去马德里。我们将去伦敦。

(第一册,L94)

222. W: Will Tom arrive from Moscow the week after next?

翻译:汤姆下下个星期将从莫斯科回来吗?

难点: Moscow n. 莫斯科。

M: No,he won't arrive from Moscow the week after next. He will arrive from Madrid.

翻译:不,下下个星期他不是从莫斯科回来。他将从马德里回来。

(第一册,L94)

223. W: Will Alice and Mary stay in New York next month?

翻译:艾丽丝和玛丽下个月将呆在伦敦吗?

M: No,they won't stay in New York next month. They will stay in Moscow.
翻译:不,她们下个月不呆在伦敦。她们将呆在莫斯科。

(第一册,L94)

224. W: Will you fly to Paris tomorrow?

翻译:明天你将飞往巴黎吗?

M: No,I won't fly to Paris tomorrow. I will fly to New York.

翻译:不,明天我不飞往巴黎。我将飞往纽约。

(第一册,L94)

225. W: Will Tom and George go to Rome next year?

翻译:汤姆和乔治明年将去罗马吗?

难点: Rome n. 罗马。

M: No,they won't go to Rome next year. They will go to Paris.

翻译:不,明年他们不去罗马。他们将去巴黎。

(第一册,L94)

226. W: Will anyone sweep the floor?

翻译:将有人扫地吗?

M: Yes, it'll be swept soon.

翻译:是的,很快就有人扫。

(第一册,L144)

227. W: Will anyone tell them about it?

翻译:将有人告诉他们这些吗?

M: Yes, they'll be told about it soon.


翻译:是的,他们将很快被告知。

(第一册,L144)

228. W: Will anyone serve him?

翻译:将有人接待他吗?

M: Yes, he'll be served soon.

翻译:是的,不久就有人接待他。

(第一册,L144)

229. W: Will anyone find them?

翻译:将有人找他们吗?

M: Yes, they'll be found soon.

翻译:是的,他们很快会被找到。

(第一册,L144)

230. W: Will anyone sharpen these knives?

翻译:将有人磨这些刀吗?

M: Yes, they'll be sharpened soon.

翻译:是的,很快它们将会被磨。

(第一册,L144)

231. ASSISTANT: Would you like to try it?

翻译:店员:您要试一试吗?

解构:Would(谓)you(主)like(谓)to try it?(宾)

难点: Would you like...?你愿意……吗?用来表示委婉的请求或提议。


232. LADY: All right.

翻译:女士:好吧。

解构:All right.(状)

(第一册,L107)

233. CHARLOTTE: Would you like some more?

翻译:夏洛特:你再来点吗?

解构:Would(谓)you(主)like(谓)some more?(宾)

难点: more n. 更多的数量。

234. JANE: Yes, please.

翻译:简:好的,请再来一点。

解构:Yes,(答)please.(插入语)

(第一册,L109)

235. MANAGER: Would you put it on, please?

翻译:经理:请您把帽子戴上好吗?

解构:Would(谓)you(主)put(谓)it(宾)on,(谓)please?(插入语)

难点: put on是动词词组,有“戴上”的意思。

236. CUSTOMER: All right.

翻译:顾客:好吧。

解构:All right.(状)

(第一册,L121)

→Shall/Should的一般疑问句
含情态动词shall/should的一般疑问句及其表达的意义

1)表示提议或建议时,shall仅限于同第一人称连用。例如:

—Shall I switch off the television? (=Do you want me to ...?)

要不要我把电视关掉?

—No, thank you. 不用,谢谢。

—Shall we go for a swim tomorrow? 明天我们去游泳好吗?

—No, I'd rather we didn't./No, I'd rather not. 我想我们最好不要去。

2)含shall疑问句的答语不再用shall;如果预期对方的回答是表示同意,也可以使用
第二人称的祈使句。在包含对方在内的shall we后面,回答用第一人称祈使句。例如:

—Shall we carry your suitcase? (=Would you like us to ...?)

要不要我们替你提箱子?

—Yes, please do (so). 好,请吧。

—Shall we have dinner? 咱们去吃饭好吗?(包括对方在内)

—Yes, let's. 好的。

3)表示“允许”时,在正式的文体中,shall可用于第二和第三人称的陈述句。例如:

You shall do as you please. 你可以随意而行。(即你得到我的允许)

在英国英语中还可用shan't表示“不许”。例如:

If he doesn't behave himself, he shan't go out. 要是他不规矩点,就不许他出去。

237. CHARLOTTE: Shall I make some coffee, Jane?

翻译:夏洛特:我来煮点咖啡好吗,简?

解构:Shall(谓)I(主)make(谓)some coffee,(宾)Jane?(呼)

难点: shall aux. v. ……好吗,要不要……(用于第一、三人称前构成疑问句,表示征求对方意


见,可否做某事)。

238. JANE: That's a good idea, Charlotte.

翻译:简:这是个好主意,夏洛特。

解构:That(主)'s(系)a good idea,(表)Charlotte.(呼)

难点: idea n. 主意;That's a good idea. 表赞成别人意见、观点时的常用的句子。

(第一册,L109)

→Can/Could的一般疑问句

含情态动词can/could的一般疑问句及其表达的意义

1)表示天生的能力。例如:

—Can you run 1,500 metres in 5 minutes?(=Are you able to run ...?/Are you capable of
running...?)

你能在5分钟之内跑1500米吗?

—Yes, I can. 是的,我能。

Could Barbara sing well when she was young? 芭芭拉年轻时很会唱歌吗?

2)表示后天学到的能力或技能。例如:

Can you drive a car? (=Do you know how to ...?/Have you learnt how to ...?)

你会开车吗?

3)表示某一具体的活动的能力。例如:

—Can we find our way home? 我们找得到回家的路吗?

—I'm sure we shall. 我们准能。

—Could they rescue the cat on the roof? (=Did they manage to ...?)

他们能救出屋顶上的猫吗?
—No, they couldn't. It was too difficult./Yes, they managed to.

不,他们不能,那太困难了。/是的,他们能。(注意:此处肯定回答不可用could)

4)表示允许,could比can更客气,could通常用在不确定请求会得到同意的时候。例
如:

—Can/Could I borrow your umbrella (please)? (请问)我能借用你的雨伞吗?

—Of course you can./No, you can't. 当然可以。/不行。(注意:均用can回答)

5)表达较迫切要求得到肯定答复的请求时,常用can't和couldn't来代替can和could。例
如:

Can't/Couldn't you wait for me till 12 o'clock (please)?

(请问)您可不可以等我到12点呢?

6)表达语气非常客气的请求。例如:

Can/Could I possibly ...?我可以……?

Do you think I could use your car? 你看我可不可以用一下你的汽车?

I wonder if I could use your car. 我想知道我能否用一下你的汽车。

7)表示“可能性”,常用Could/Couldn't ...?或Can ...?例如:

Could/Can he still be working?

他可能还在工作吗?

Couldn't he know the answer?

他不可能知道答案吗?

8)表示“提议”。例如:

—Can/Could I offer you a sandwich?

我可以给你一份三明治吗?
—Yes, please./Yes, I'd like (love) some, please./No, thank you.

好,请吧。/好,我要一些。/不用了,谢谢你。

9)表示“需求”。例如:

—Can/Could I have some coffee (please)?

(请问)我可以要一些咖啡吗?

—Of course you can. / Certainly. / No, you can't. (I'm afraid.) / I'm afraid there isn't any.

当然可以。/当然可以。/不,(恐怕)不行。/恐怕没有了。

239. “Could I have those two tickets please?”I asked.

翻译:“我可以买那两张票吗?”我问。

第一层:“Could I have those two tickets please?”(宾语从句)I(主)asked.(谓)

第二层:“Could(谓)I(主)have(谓)those two(定)tickets(宾)please?”(插入
语)

难点: could是代替can的一种比较委婉地提出请求的用法,在时间上与can没什么区别;have为实义
动词,意为“得到,拥有”。

240. JILL: Can I have the key to the front door, please?

翻译:吉尔:我能带上前门的钥匙吗?

解构:Can(谓)I(主)have(谓)the key(宾)to the front door,(定)please?(插


入语)

难点: key n. 钥匙;to the front door是介词短语作定语,修饰key;front door前门;门的钥匙必须说


key to the door,类似的表达还有answer to the question,entrance to the hall。

(第一册,L65)

241. FATHER: No, you can't.

翻译:父亲:不行,你不能带。
解构:No,(答)you(主)can't.(谓)

难点: 一般疑问句的否定回答,表示不允许。

(第一册,L65)

242. LUCY: Try and stand up. Can you stand up? Here. Let me help you.

翻译:露西:试试站起来。你能站起来吗?来,让我帮你。

解构:Try(谓)and(连)stand up.(谓)Can(谓)you(主)stand up?(谓)Here.


(叹)Let(谓)me(宾)help you.(宾补)

难点: try v. 试,努力;stand v. 站立;here在这里是感叹词,意为“来”或“喂”,引起别人注意;Let


me help you. 让我来帮你。其中let有“允许”的意思,注意在let后面要加不带to的动词不定式;help vt. 帮
助。

243. ANDY: I'm sorry, Lucy. I'm afraid that I can't get up.

翻译:安迪:对不起,露西,恐怕我站不起来。

第一层:I(主)'m(系)sorry,(表)Lucy.(呼)I(主)'m(系)afraid(表)that I
can't get up.(表语从句)

第二层:that(引)I(主)can't get up.(谓)

难点: get up动词词组“起来”,在这里是“站起来”的意思。

(第一册,L99)

244. CONDUCTOR: Can you change this ten-pound note, madam?

翻译:售票员:夫人,您能把这10英镑的钞票换开吗?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)change(谓)this ten-pound note,(宾)madam?(呼)

245. 3rd PASSENGER: I'm afraid I can't.

翻译:乘客3:恐怕不能。

第一层:I(主)'m(系)afraid(表)I can't.(表语从句)
第二层:I(主)can't.(谓)

(第一册,L113)

246. PENNY: Can you make the tea, Sam?

翻译:彭妮:你会沏茶吗,萨姆?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)make(谓)the tea,(宾)Sam?(呼)

难点: can aux. v. 能,可以(表示能力);make the tea沏茶。

247. SAM: Yes, of course I can, Penny.

翻译:萨姆:会的,我当然会,彭妮。

解构:Yes,(答)of course(状)I(主)can,(谓)Penny.(呼)

难点: of course 当然。

(第一册,L43)

248. PENNY: Can you see it?

翻译:彭妮:你看见了吗?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)see(谓)it?(宾)

249. SAM: I can see the teapot, but I can't see the tea.

翻译:萨姆:茶壶我看见了,但茶叶没看到。

解构:I(主)can see(谓)the teapot,(宾)but(连)I(主)can't see(谓)the tea.


(宾)

(第一册,L43)

250. PENNY: Can you find them?

翻译:彭妮:你找得到吗?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)find(谓)them?(宾)
难点: find v. 找到,发现。

251. SAM: Yes. Here they are.

翻译:萨姆:找得到。就在这儿呢。

解构:Yes.(答)Here(状)they(主)are.(谓)

难点: 相当于Here it is.

(第一册,L43)

252. THE BOSS: Can she type this letter for me? Ask her please.

翻译:老板:她能为我打一下这封信吗?请问问她。

解构:Can(谓)she(主)type(谓)this letter(宾)for me?(状)Ask(谓)


her(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: Ask her please. 这是一句祈使句,表示“请求或询问”的意思;ask v. 请求,要求,反义词是


answer。

253. BOB: Yes, sir.

翻译:鲍勃:好的,先生。

解构:Yes,(答)sir.(呼)

难点: 表示同意。

(第一册,L45)

254. BOB: Can you type this letter for the boss please, Pamela?

翻译:鲍勃:请你把这封信给老板打一下可以吗,帕梅拉?

解构:Can(谓)you(主)type(谓)this letter(宾)for the boss(状)please,(插入


语)Pamela?(呼)

难点: for prep.(表示目的)为。


255. PAMELA: Yes, of course I can.

翻译:帕梅拉:可以,当然可以。

解构:Yes,(答)of course(状)I(主)can.(谓)

难点: of course 当然。

(第一册,L45)

256. W:Can you put on your coat?

翻译:你能穿上上衣吗?

M: Yes, I can.

翻译:是的,我能。

(第一册,L46)

257. W:Can Penny wait for the bus?

翻译:彭妮能等公共汽车吗?

M: Yes, she can.

翻译:是的,她能。

(第一册,L46)

258. W:Can you and Tom listen to the stereo?

翻译:你和汤姆能听音响吗?

M: Yes, we can.

翻译:是的,我们能。

(第一册,L46)

259. W:Can Penny and Jane wash the dishes?


翻译:彭妮和简能洗碟子吗?

M: Yes, they can.

翻译:是的,她们能。

(第一册,L46)

260. W:Can George take these flowers to her?

翻译:乔治能把这些花儿带给她吗?

M: Yes, he can.

翻译:是的,他能。

(第一册,L46)

261. W:Can the cat drink its milk?

翻译:猫能喝牛奶吗?

M: Yes, it can.

翻译:是的,它能。

(第一册,L46)

262. W:Can I paint this bookcase?

翻译:我能漆这个书架吗?

M: Yes, you can.

翻译:是的,你能。

(第一册,L46)

263. W:Can you see that aeroplane?

翻译:你能看见那架飞机吗?
M: Yes, I can.

翻译:是的,我能。

(第一册,L46)

→完成式have/has的一般疑问句

用作助动词构成完成时态,其疑问式总是将have等置于句首。

264. W: Has anyone corrected these exercise books yet?

翻译:已经有人改过这些练习册吗?

M: Yes, they have already been corrected.

翻译:是的,它们已经被改过了。

(第一册,L144)

265. W: Has anyone invited them yet?

翻译:已经有人邀请他们吗?

M: Yes, they have already been invited.

翻译:是的,他们已经被邀请了。

(第一册,L144)

266. W: Has anyone repaired this car yet?

翻译:这辆车已经有人修吗?

M: Yes, it has already been repaired.

翻译:是的,它已经被修了。

(第一册,L144)

267. W: Has anyone sharpened this knife yet?


翻译:已经有人磨过这把刀了吗?

M: Yes, it has already been sharpened.

翻译:是的,它已经被磨了。

(第一册,L144)

268. TOM: Have we got any beer and wine?

翻译:汤姆:我们还有啤酒和果酒吗?

解构:Have(谓)we(主)got(谓)any beer and wine?(宾)

难点: beer n. 啤酒;wine n. 果酒。

268. CAROL: No, we haven't. And I'm not going to get any!

翻译:卡罗尔:没有了。不过,我不打算去买!

解构:No,(答)we(主)haven't.(谓)And(连)I(主)'m not going to get(谓)


any!(宾)

难点: any一般用于否定句或疑问句。

(第一册,L79)

270. REPORTER: Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh?

翻译:记者:您刚拍完一部新电影吗,马什小姐?

解构:Have(谓)you(主)just(状)made(谓)a new film,(宾)Miss Marsh?


(呼)

271. MISS MARSH: Yes, I have.

翻译:马什小姐:是的,我刚拍完。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)have.(谓)

(第一册,L133)
272. W: Have you got any?

翻译:你有吗?

M: I need a lot of cheese. I haven't got much.

翻译:我需要许多奶酪。我有的不多。

难点: need v. 需要。

(第一册,L80)

273. W: Has he got any?

翻译:他有吗?

M: He needs a lot of envelopes. He hasn't got many.

翻译:他需要许多信封。他有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

274. W: Have they got any?

翻译:他们有吗?

M: They need a lot of bread. They haven't got much.

翻译:他们需要许多面包。他们有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

275. W: Has she got any?

翻译:她有吗?

M: She needs a lot of eggs. She hasn't got many.

翻译:她需要许多鸡蛋。她有的不多。

(第一册,L80)
276. W: Has he got any?

翻译:他有吗?

M: He needs a lot of writing paper. He hasn't got much.

翻译:他需要许多信纸。他有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

277. W: Have I got any?

翻译:我有吗?

M: You need a lot of magazines. You haven't got many.

翻译:你需要许多杂志。你有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

278. W: Have you got any?

翻译:你有吗?

M: I need a lot of beef. I haven't got much.

翻译:我需要许多牛肉。我有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

279. W: Has she got any?

翻译:她有吗?

M: She needs a lot of butter. She hasn't got much.

翻译:她需要许多黄油。她有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

280. W: Have they got any?


翻译:他们有吗?

M: They need a lot of bananas. They haven't got many.

翻译:他们需要许多香蕉。他们有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

281. W: Have I got any?

翻译:我有吗?

M: You need a lot of medicine. You haven't got much.

翻译:你需要许多药,你有的不多。

(第一册,L80)

282. W: Have you had any vegetables?

翻译:你吃蔬菜了吗?

M: I haven't had any vegetables. I've just had some fruit.

翻译:我没吃蔬菜。我只吃了些水果。

(第一册,L84)

283. W: Has he had any beans?

翻译:他吃豆角了吗?

M: He hasn't had any beans. He's just had some peas.

翻译:他没吃豆角。他只吃了些豌豆。

(第一册,L84)

284. W: Have they had any coffee?

翻译:他们喝咖啡了吗?
M: They haven't had any coffee. They've just had some tea.

翻译:他们没喝咖啡。他们只喝了些茶。

(第一册,L84)

285. W: Have you had any apples?

翻译:你吃苹果了吗?

M: I haven't had any apples. I've just had some peaches.

翻译:我没吃苹果。我只吃了些桃。

(第一册,L84)

286. W: Have I had any cabbage?

翻译:我吃卷心菜了吗?

M: You haven't had any cabbage. You've just had some lettuce.

翻译:你没吃卷心菜。你只吃了些莴苣。

(第一册,L84)

287. W:. Have you had any beer?

翻译:你喝啤酒了吗?

M: I haven't had any beer. I've just had some wine.

翻译:我没喝啤酒。我只喝了些果酒。

(第一册,L84)

288. W: Has he had any lamb?

翻译:他吃羊肉了吗?

M: He hasn't had any lamb. He's just had some beef.


翻译:他没吃羊肉。他只吃了些牛肉。

(第一册,L84)

289. W: Have they had any tea?

翻译:他们喝茶了吗?

M: They haven't had any tea. They've just had some milk.

翻译:他们没喝茶。他们只喝了些牛奶。

(第一册,L84)

290. W: Has she had any meat?

翻译:她吃肉了吗?

M: She hasn't had any meat. She's just had some vegetables.

翻译:她没吃肉。她只吃了些蔬菜。

(第一册,L84)

291. W: Have you had any chicken?

翻译:你吃鸡肉了吗?

M: I haven't had any chicken. I've just had some steak.

翻译:我没吃鸡肉。我只吃了些牛排。

(第一册,L84)

292. GEORGE: I've never been there. Have you ever been there, Ken?

翻译:乔治:我从未去过。肯,你去过吗?

解构:I(主)'ve(谓)never(状)been(谓)there.(状)Have(谓)you(主)
ever(状)been(谓)there,(状)Ken?(呼)

难点: never adv. 从不,决不。


293. KEN: Yes, I have. I was there in April.

翻译:肯:是的,我去过。4月份我在那儿。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)have.(谓)I(主)was(系)there(表)in April.(状)

难点: April n. 四月。

(第一册,L85)

294. MR. WOOD: Have your mechanics finished yet?

翻译:伍德先生:你们的机械师修好了吗?

解构:Have(谓)your mechanics(主)finished(谓)yet?(状)

难点: mechanic n. 修理工; yet adv. 还,尚,仍然(用于疑问句和否定句中)。

295. ATTENDANT: No, they're still working on it. Let's go into the garage and have a look
at it.

翻译:服务员:没有,他们还在修呢。我们到车库去看一下吧。

解构:No,(答)they(主)'re(谓)still(状)working on(谓)it.(宾)
Let(谓)'s(宾)go into the garage(宾补)and(连)have a look at it.(宾补)

难点: garage n. 车库,汽车修理厂;still adv. 还,仍旧;have a look一般表示短时间地或随意地“看


一看,瞧一瞧”。

(第一册,L87)

296. LUCY: Have you hurt yourself?

翻译:露西:你摔伤了没有?

解构:Have(谓)you(主)hurt(谓)yourself?(宾)

难点: hurt (hurt, hurt)v. 受伤。

297. ANDY: Yes, I have. I think that I've hurt my back.


翻译:安迪:是啊,摔伤了。我想我把背摔坏了。

第一层:Yes,(答)I(主)have.(谓)I(主)think(谓)that I've hurt my back.(宾语


从句)

第二层:that(引)I(主)'ve hurt(谓)my back.(宾)

难点: back n. 背部。

(第一册,L99)

298. CONDUCTOR: Have you any small change, sir?

翻译:售票员:先生,您有零钱吗?

解构:Have(谓)you(主)any small change,(宾)sir?(呼)

难点: Have you any...=Do you have any...

299. 1st PASSENGER: I'm sorry. I've got none.

翻译:乘客1:对不起,我没有。

解构:I(主)'m(系)sorry.(表)I(主)'ve got(谓)none.(宾)

难点: none pron. 没有任何东西;none可用于指可数名词复数,也可用于指不可数名词。

(第一册,L113)

300. CONDUCTOR: Haven't you got any small change?

翻译:售票员:您没有零钱吗?

解构:Haven't(谓)you(主)got(谓)any small change?(宾)

301. MAN: I've got no small change, I'm afraid.

翻译:男子:恐怕我没有零钱。

解构:I(主)'ve got(谓)no small change,(宾)I(主)'m(系)afraid.(表)

难点: “no+名词”表示所指的东西全然没有,这句话比“I haven't got any small change.”更强调没有任


何一点钱。

(第一册,L113)

302. MANAGER: Have you got a hat, sir?

翻译:经理:先生,您有帽子吗?

解构:Have(谓)you(主)got(谓)a hat,(宾)sir?(呼)

难点: hat n.帽子。

303. CUSTOMER: Yes, I have.

翻译:顾客:有的,我有帽子。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)have.(谓)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答。

(第一册,L121)

304. SUSAN: That was quick! Have you finished already?

翻译:苏珊:好快啊!你已经浇完了?

解构:That(主)was(系)quick!(表)Have(谓)you(主)finished(谓)already?
(状)

难点: quick adj. 快的;finish v. 完成。

(第一册,L125)

305. W: Has anyone opened the window yet?

翻译:已经有人把窗户打开吗?

M: Yes, it has already been opened.

翻译:是的,它已经被打开了。

(第一册,L144)
306. CATHERINE: Has Ian sold his house yet?

翻译:凯瑟琳:伊恩已把他的房子卖掉了吗?

解构:Has(谓)Ian(主)sold(谓)his house(宾)yet?(状)

难点: sold是sell的过去式。

307. JENNY: Yes, he has. He sold it last week.

翻译:詹妮:是的,卖掉了。他上星期卖掉的。

解构:Yes,(答)he(主)has.(谓)He(主)sold(谓)it(宾)last week.(状)

难点: 简略回答,完整的回答是:Yes, he has sold it.

(第一册,L91)

308. CATHERINE: Has he moved to his new house yet?

翻译:凯瑟琳:他已经迁进新居了吗?

解构:Has(谓)he(主)moved(谓)to his new house yet?(状)

难点: move vi. 搬家。

309. JENNY: No, not yet. He's still here. He's going to move tomorrow.

翻译:詹妮:不,还没有。他仍在这里。他打算明天搬家。

解构:No,(答)not yet.(状)He(主)'s(系)still(状)here.(表)He(主)'s
going to move(谓)tomorrow.(状)

难点: No, not yet. 不,还没有。这是简略回答,完整的回答是:He hasn't moved to his new house
yet. still adv. 还,仍然;be going to do一般表示短期内或即将要发生的动作或存在的状态,许多时候表示
主语做某事已有打算或计划。

(第一册,L91)

→May/Might的一般疑问句
含情态动词may/might的一般疑问句及其表达的意义

表示请求别人允许时,may比can/could更正式、客气、恭敬,而might显得极为犹豫不
决(最客气、最恭敬但不常用)。例如:

—May/Might I use your ballpoint pen (please)?

我可以用一下你的圆珠笔吗?

—Of course (you may)./No, you may not./I'm afraid not./I'd rather you didn't./Certainly not.

当然可以。/不行。/恐怕不行。/我希望你不。/当然不行。

注意:表示请求、允许时,may/might的否定疑问句形式常用于正式文体中,口语中
不常用。

May I not ...?是较古的说法。/Mayn't I ...? 不大用。/Might I not ...? 很少用。

310. “May I have two tickets please?”I asked.

翻译:我问:“我可以买两张票吗?”

第一层:“May I have two tickets please?”(宾语从句)I(主)asked.(谓)

第二层:“May(谓)I(主)have(谓)two tickets(宾)please?”(插入语)

难点: may情态动词,用来询问或说明一件事可不可以做,但在回答时多避免may这个词,而用其
他方式,以免显得口气太严峻或不客气,回答若是肯定可以用“certainly, sure”等,否定的则用“I am
sorry”;please是(插入语),是if you please的省略形式。

→There be的一般疑问句

311. W: Is there a passport here?

翻译:这儿有一个护照吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one on the table.

翻译:是的,有一个。桌子上有一个。

(第一册,L42)
312. W: Is there any milk here?

翻译:这儿有一些牛奶吗?

难点: any pron. 一些(常用于疑问句、否定句中)。

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the table.

翻译:是的,有。桌子上有一些。

难点: some pron. 一些(用于肯定句)。

(第一册,L42)

313. W: Is there a spoon here?

翻译:这儿有把勺子吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one on the plate.

翻译:是的,有。盘子上有一把。

(第一册,L42)

314. W: Is there a tie here?

翻译:这儿有一条领带吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one on the chair.

翻译:是的,有。椅子上有一条。

(第一册,L42)

315. W: Is there any bread here?

翻译:这儿有一些面包吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the table.

翻译:是的,有。桌子上有一些。
(第一册,L42)

316. W: Is there a hammer here?

翻译:这儿有一把锤子吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one on the bookcase.

翻译:是的,有。书架上有一把。

(第一册,L42)

317. W: Is there any tea here?

翻译:这儿有一些茶吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the table.

翻译:是的,有。桌子上有一些。

(第一册,L42)

318. W: Is there a vase here?

翻译:这儿有一个花瓶吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one on the stereo.

翻译:是的,有。音响上有一个。

(第一册,L42)

319. W: Is there a suit here?

翻译:这儿有套衣服吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's one in the wardrobe.

翻译:是的,有。衣橱里有一套。

(第一册,L42)
320. W: Is there any tobacco here?

翻译:这儿有些烟草吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some in the tin.

翻译:是的,有。罐子里有些。

(第一册,L42)

321. W: Is there any chocolate here?

翻译:这儿有些巧克力吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the desk.

翻译:是的,有。书桌上有一些。

(第一册,L42)

322. W: Is there any cheese here?

翻译:这儿有些奶酪吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the plate.

翻译:是的,有。盘子里有一些。

(第一册,L42)

323. W: Is there any bread here?

翻译:这儿有些面包吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the table.

翻译:是的,有。桌子上有一些。

(第一册,L44)

324. W: Are there any hammers here?


翻译:这儿有些锤子吗?

M: Yes, there are. There are some behind that box.

翻译:是的,有。盒子后面有一些。

(第一册,L44)

325. W: Is there any milk here?

翻译:这儿有些牛奶吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some in front of the door.

翻译:是的,有。门前有一些。

(第一册,L44)

326. W: Is there any soup here?

翻译:这儿有汤吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the cupboard.

翻译:是的,有。食橱上有一些。

(第一册,L44)

327. W: Are there any newspapers here?

翻译:这儿有些报纸吗?

M: Yes, there are. There are some behind that vase.

翻译:是的,有。花瓶后面有一些。

(第一册,L44)

328. W: Is there any water here?

翻译:这儿有些水吗?
M: Yes, there is. There's some in those glasses.

翻译:是的,有。那些杯子里有一些。

难点: those pron. that 的复数。

(第一册,L44)

329. W: Is there any tea here?

翻译:这儿有些茶吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some in those cups.

翻译:是的,有。那些茶杯里有一些。

(第一册,L44)

330. W: Are there any cups here?

翻译:这儿有些茶杯吗?

M: Yes, there are. There're some in front of that kettle.

翻译:是的,有。水壶前面有一些。

(第一册,L44)

331. W: Is there any chocolate here?

翻译:这儿有些巧克力吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some behind that book.

翻译:是的,有。书后面有一些。

(第一册,L44)

332. W: Are there any teapots here?

翻译:这儿有些茶壶吗?
M: Yes, there are. There are some in the cupboard.

翻译:是的,有。食橱里有一些。

(第一册,L44)

333. W: Are there any cars here?

翻译:这儿有些小汽车吗?

M: Yes, there are. There are some in front of that building.

翻译:是的,有。楼前面有一些。

(第一册,L44)

334. W: Is there any coffee here?

翻译:这儿有些咖啡吗?

M: Yes, there is. There's some on the table.

翻译:是的,有。桌子上有一些。

(第一册,L44)

335. W: Is there a clean cup on the floor?

翻译:地板上有一个干净的茶杯吗?

M: Yes, there is.

翻译:是的,有。

(第一册,L26)

336. SAM: Is there any water in this kettle?

翻译:萨姆:这水壶里有水吗?

解构:Is there(谓)any water(主)in this kettle?(状)


难点: any adj.任何的;kettle n.水壶。

337. PENNY: Yes, there is.

翻译:彭妮:有水。

解构:Yes,(答)there is.(谓)

难点: 一般疑问句的肯定回答。

(第一册,L43)

→否定形式的一般疑问句的结构

否定形式的一般疑问句有两种结构:一是由位于句首的动词、助动词或情态动词和
not 的缩写形式构成,即“动词、助动词、情态动词+n't+主语”;二是将not单独放在主语之
后,即“动词、助动词、情态动词+主语+not”。如:Do you not know this? 你不知道这个事
吗?

338. W: Isn't he the mechanic? Didn't he repair your car?

翻译:他不是机械师吗?他没修你的小汽车吗?

M: Yes, he's the mechanic who repaired my car.

翻译:是的,他是给我修车的机械师。

(第一册,L122)

339. W: Aren't they the thieves? Didn't the police catch them?

翻译:他们不是贼吗?警察没有抓住他们吗?

M: Yes, they're the thieves whom the police caught.

翻译:是的,他们是那些警察抓住的贼。

(第一册,L122)

340. W: Isn't that the car? Didn't you sell it last year?
翻译:那不是那辆车吗?你去年不是卖掉它了吗?

M: Yes, that's the car which I sold last year.

翻译:是的,那是我去年卖掉的那辆车。

(第一册,L122)

341. W: Aren't they the children? Don't they live next door?

翻译:他们不是那些孩子吗?他们不是住在隔壁吗?

M: Yes, they're the children who live next door.

翻译:是的,他们是住在隔壁的孩子。

(第一册,L122)

342. W: Isn't that the porter? Didn't he carry your suitcase?

翻译:那不是那个门卫吗?他不是帮你提箱子了吗?

M: Yes, he's the porter who carried my suitcase.

翻译:是的,他是那个帮我提箱子的门卫。

(第一册,L122)

343. W: Aren't they the windows? Didn't the children break them yesterday?

翻译:它们不是那些窗户吗?孩子们昨天不是打碎了它们吗?

M: Yes, they're the windows which the children broke yesterday.

翻译:是的,它们是那些孩子们昨天打碎的窗户。

(第一册,L122)

344. W: Isn't that the coin? Didn't you find it in the garden?

翻译:那不是那枚硬币吗?你不是在花园里发现的吗?
M: Yes, that's the coin which I found in the garden.

翻译:是的,那是我在花园里发现的那枚硬币。

(第一册,L122)

345. W: Isn't she the woman? Didn't you drive her to London?

翻译:她不是那个女的吗?你不是开车送她到伦敦的吗?

M: Yes, she's the woman whom I drove to London.

翻译:是的,她是那个我开车送到伦敦的女人。

(第一册,L122)

346. W: Aren't these the books? Didn't you buy them last week?

翻译:这不是那些书吗?你不是上星期买的它们吗?

M: Yes, they're the books which I bought last week.

翻译:是的,它们是我上星期买的书。

(第一册,L122)

347. W: Aren't they the people? Didn't you invite them to your party?

翻译:他们不是那些人吗?你不是邀请他们参加晚会的吗?

M: Yes, they're the people whom I invited to my party.

翻译:是的,他们是那些我邀请参加晚会的人。

(第一册,L122)

348. W: Isn't this the test? Didn't you speak to me about it?

翻译:这不是那个考试吗?你不是对我说过它吗?

M: Yes, this is the test I spoke to you about.


翻译:是的,这是我对你说过的那次考试。

(第一册,L124)

349. W: Isn't that the person? Didn't you speak to him?

翻译:那不是那个人吗?你不是与他说过话吗?

M: Yes, that's the person I spoke to.

翻译:是的,那是我与他说过话的人。

(第一册,L124)

350. W: Isn't she the girl? Didn't you ask me about her?

翻译:她不是那个女孩吗?你不是向我问过她吗?

M: Yes, she's the girl I asked you about.

翻译:是的,她是那个我问过你的女孩。

(第一册,L124)

351. W: Aren't these the photographs? Didn't you look at them?

翻译:这不是那些照片吗?你不是看过它们吗?

M: Yes, these are the photographs I looked at.

翻译:是的,这是那些我看过的照片。

(第一册,L124)

352. W: Aren't they the actors? Didn't you read about them?

翻译:他们不是演员吗?你不是已看过有关他们的书吗?

M: Yes, they're the actors I read about.

翻译:是的,他们是那些我已看过有关他们的书的演员。
(第一册,L124)

353. W: Isn't that the ship? Didn't you travel on it?

翻译:那不是那条船吗?你不是乘它旅行的吗?

M: Yes, that's the ship I travelled on.

翻译:是的,它是那艘我乘着旅行的船。

(第一册,L124)

354. W: Isn't that the city? Didn't your friends come from there?

翻译:那不是那个城市吗?你朋友不是来自那儿吗?

M: Yes, that's the city my friends came from.

翻译:是的,那是我朋友来自的那个城市。

(第一册,L124)

355. W: Isn't that the programme? Don't you always listen to it?

翻译:那不是那个节目吗?你不是经常听吗?

M: Yes, that's the programme I always listen to.

翻译:是的,那是我经常听的节目。

(第一册,L124)

356. W: Isn't that the shop? Didn't you get your hat from there?

翻译:那不是那个商店吗?你不是在那儿买的帽子吗?

M: Yes, that's the shop I got my hat from.

翻译:是的,那是我买帽子的商店。

(第一册,L124)
357. W: Isn't that the chair? Didn't you sit on it?

翻译:那不是那把椅子吗?你不是坐过的吗?

M: Yes, that's the chair I sat on.

翻译:是的,那是那把我坐过的椅子。

(第一册,L124)

358.  Isn't he her third husband?

翻译:他不是她的第3个丈夫吗?

解构:Isn't(系)he(主)her third husband?(表)

(第一册,L127)

359. ATTENDANT: Isn't that your car?

翻译:服务员:这难道不是您的车吗?

解构:Isn't(系)that(主)your car?(表)

难点: 在英文中可以用一般疑问句的否定形式来表示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复,如课文
中的Isn't that your car?和Didn't you have a crash?

360. MR. WOOD: Well, it was my car.

翻译:伍德先生:唔,这曾是我的车。

解构:Well,(叹)it(主)was(系)my car.(表)

难点: well是感叹词,在这里表示“哎”;was用斜体,表示“过去是,现在不是了”,was要重读。

(第一册,L87)

361. ATTENDANT: Didn't you have a crash?

翻译:服务员:难道您没有出车祸吗?

解构:Didn't(谓)you(主)have(谓)a crash?(宾)
难点: have a crash撞车。

362. MR. WOOD: That's right. I drove it into a lamp-post. Can your mechanics repair it?

翻译:伍德先生:是啊。我把汽车撞在电线杆上了。你们的机械师能修好吗?

解构:That(主)'s(系)right.(表)I(主)drove(谓)it(宾)into a lamp-post.
(状)Can(谓)your mechanics(主)repair(谓)it?(宾)

难点: That's right.“对、很好”,是肯定对方所说的话的答语;drive into是“撞到……”的意思;drove


v. 驾驶(车辆),是drive的过去式;into prep. 表示进入,后面要带宾语;lamp-post 灯杆。

(第一册,L87)

363. SUSAN: Can't you come in and have tea now, Peter?

翻译:苏珊:彼得,你现在能进来喝茶吗?

解构:Can't(谓)you(主)come in(谓)and(连)have(谓)tea(宾)now,(状)
Peter?(呼)

难点: come in动词词组,表示“进来”。

364. PETER: Not yet. I must water the garden first.

翻译:彼得:还不能。我得先给花园浇水。

解构:Not(谓)yet.(状)I(主)must water(谓)the garden(宾)first.(状)

难点: water v. 浇水;first adv. 首先。

(第一册,L125)

365. GRAHAM TURNER: Hasn't Mary told you?

翻译:格雷厄姆·特纳:玛丽没有告诉你吗?

解构:Hasn't(谓)Mary(主)told(谓)you?(宾)

难点: 本句为否定疑问句,主要用于表示说话的人大吃一惊或感到震惊。
(第一册,L139)

特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是就句中某一成分提出疑问,句首一般用who/whom/whose, what, which,
when, where, why, how等疑问词,所以人们又称之为疑问词疑问句或“Wh-疑问句”。特殊疑
问句句末用问号,一般用降调来读,答语一般要具体,而不用yes或no。当疑问词作主语
或主语的一个部分时,句子不倒装,否则句子要采用“疑问词+助动词+主语……?”的倒装
结构。例如:

Where does he come from? 他从哪儿来?

Which of these books do you like best? 其中哪一本书你最喜欢?

Who wrote the book? 谁写的这本书?

Which boy answered the question? 哪一个男孩回答了这个问题?

What is a man but his mind?

人无精神,何以为人?

—— Clarke 克拉克

在日常口语或书写时常将“疑问词+助动词”缩略。请见下表:

备注:疑问词以元音结尾的(如who'd)比以辅音结尾的(如what'll)更常用省略。
带星号(*)的缩略式通常用于非正式的书面体中。

How's he plan to do it? (How's=How does) 他准备怎样做这件事?

Where'd he go?('d=did) 他到哪里去了?

→where

366. W: Where do you come from? Are you Australian?

翻译:你来自哪儿?你是澳大利亚人吗?

难点: Australian n. 澳大利亚人。

M: Yes, I come from Australia.

翻译:是的,我来自澳大利亚。

难点: Australia n. 澳大利亚。

(第一册,L54)

367. W: Where does he come from? Is he Austrian?

翻译:他来自哪儿?他是奥地利人吗?

难点: Austrian n. 奥地利人。

M: Yes, he comes from Austria.

翻译:是的,他来自奥地利。

难点: Austrian n. 奥地利。

(第一册,L54)

368. W: Where does he come from? Is he Canadian?

翻译:他来自哪儿?他是加拿大人吗?

难点: Canadian n. 加拿大人。


M: Yes, he comes from Canada.

翻译:是的,他来自加拿大。

难点: Canada n. 加拿大。

(第一册,L54)

369. W: Where do you both come from? Are you both Chinese?

翻译:你们俩来自哪儿?你们俩都是中国人吗?

M: Yes, we come from China.

翻译:是的,我们来自中国。

难点: China n. 中国。

(第一册,L54)

370. W: Where do I come from? Am I Finnish?

翻译:我来自哪儿?我是芬兰人吗?

难点: Finnish n. 芬兰人。

M: Yes, you come from Finland.

翻译:是的,你来自芬兰。

难点: Finland n. 芬兰。

(第一册,L54)

371. W: Where does she come from? Is she Indian?

翻译:她来自哪儿?她是印度人吗?

难点: Indian n. 印度人。

M: Yes, she comes from India.


翻译:是的,她来自印度。

难点: India n.印度。

(第一册,L54)

372. W: Where do we both come from? Are we both Japanese?

翻译:我们来自哪儿?我们是日本人吗?

M: Yes, you come from Japan.

翻译:是的,你们来自日本。

难点: Japan n.日本。

(第一册,L54)

373. W: Where do you come from? Are you Korean?

翻译:你来自哪儿?你是韩国人吗?

M: Yes, I come from Korea.

翻译:是的,我来自韩国。

难点: Korea n. 韩国。

(第一册,L54)

374. W: Where do you both come from? Are you both Nigerian?

翻译:你们俩来自哪儿?你们俩是尼日利亚人吗?

难点: Nigerian n. 尼日利亚人。

M: Yes, we come from Nigeria.

翻译:是的,我们来自尼日利亚。

难点: Nigeria n. 尼日利亚。


(第一册,L54)

375. W: Where does she come from? Is she Turkish?

翻译:她来自哪儿?她是土耳其人吗?

难点: Turkish n. 土耳其人。

M: Yes, she comes from Turkey.

翻译:是的,她来自土耳其。

难点: Turkey n.土耳其。

(第一册,L54)

376. POLICEMAN: Where do you think you are?

翻译:警察:你认为你现在是在哪儿?

解构:Where(表)do you think(插入语)you(主)are?(系)

377. On a race track?

翻译:在赛车道上吗?

解构:On a race track?(状)

难点: track n. 跑道。

(第一册,L129)

378. JEAN: Where's Sally, Jack?

翻译:琼:杰克,萨莉在哪里?

解构:Where(表)'s(系)Sally,(主)Jack?(呼)

难点: where adv. 什么地方,在哪里。

379. JACK: She's in the garden, Jean.


翻译:杰克:她在花园里,琼。

解构:She(主)'s(系)in the garden,(表)Jean.(呼)

难点: garden n. 花园;Jean n. 琼。

(第一册,L31)

380. W: Where's the man going?

翻译:这个男人正去哪儿?

M: He's going into the shop.

翻译:他正走进一家商店。

(第一册,L36)

381. W: Where's the woman going?

翻译:这个女人正去哪儿?

M: She's going out of the shop.

翻译:她正从商店里出来。

(第一册,L36)

382. W: Where's the boy sitting?

翻译:这个男孩正坐在哪儿?

M: He's sitting beside his mother.

翻译:他正坐在他妈妈旁边。

难点: beside prep. 在……旁。

(第一册,L36)

383. W: Where are the man and the woman walking?


翻译:这个男人和这个女人正走在哪儿?

M: They're walking across the street.

翻译:他们正从大街上走过。

(第一册,L36)

384. W:Where are the cats running?

翻译:猫们正在哪儿跑?

M: They're running along the wall.

翻译:它们正沿着墙跑。

(第一册,L36)

385. W:Where are the children jumping?

翻译:孩子们正从哪儿往下跳?

M: They're jumping off the branch.

翻译:他们正从树枝上往下跳。

难点: off prep. 离开。

(第一册,L36)

386. W:Where's the man walking?

翻译:这个男人正走在哪儿?

M: He's walking between two policemen.

翻译:他正走在两名警察之间。

(第一册,L36)

387. W: Where's the girl sitting?


翻译:这个女孩正坐在哪儿?

M: She's sitting near the tree.

翻译:她正坐在树旁。

(第一册,L36)

388. W:Where's the aeroplane flying?

翻译:飞机正在哪儿飞?

M: It's flying under the bridge.

翻译:它正从桥下飞过。

(第一册,L36)

389. W:Where are they sitting?

翻译:他们正坐在哪儿?

M: They're sitting on the grass.

翻译:他们正坐在草地上。

(第一册,L36)

390. W: Where are they reading?

翻译:他们正在哪儿看书?

M: They're reading in the living room.

翻译:他们正在客厅里看书。

(第一册,L36)

391. SAM: Where's the tea?

翻译:萨姆:茶叶在哪儿?
解构:Where(表)'s(系)the tea?(主)

难点: where adv. 什么地方,在哪里。

392. PENNY: It's over there, behind the teapot.

翻译:彭妮:就在那儿,茶壶后面。

解构:It(主)'s(系)over there,(表)behind the teapot.(状)

难点: over是介词,over there“在那边”,较远些;behind prep. 在……之后(表示一个物体在另一个


物体的后面),behind the house在屋子的后面;teapot n. 茶壶。

(第一册,L43)

393. SAM: Where are the cups?

翻译:萨姆:茶杯在哪儿呢?

解构:Where(表)are(系)the cups?(主)

难点: “where be”句型。“where be+主语”问某人、某物在什么地方。

394. PENNY: There are some in the cupboard.

翻译:彭妮:碗橱里有几只。

解构:There are(谓)some(主)in the cupboard.(状)

难点: some是代词,指some cups。

(第一册,L43)

395. THE BOSS: Where's Pamela?

翻译:老板:帕梅拉在哪儿?

解构:Where(表)'s(系)Pamela?(主)

396. BOB: She's next door. She's in her office, sir.

翻译:鲍勃:她在隔壁,在她的办公室里,先生。
解构:She(主)'s(系)next door.(表)She(主)'s(系)in her office,(表)sir.
(呼)

难点: next door隔壁。

(第一册,L45)

397. HANS: Where do you come from?

翻译:汉斯:你是哪国人?

解构:Where(状)do(谓)you(主)come from?(谓)

难点: 询问对方是“哪国人”或“哪里人”时,通常还有一种问法“Where are you from?”;come from


从……来,是……人。

398. DIMITRI: I come from Greece.

翻译:迪米特里:我是希腊人。

解构:I(主)come from(谓)Greece.(宾)

难点: Greece n. 希腊。

(第一册,L51)

399. HANS: Where do you come from?

翻译:汉斯:你是哪国人?

解构:Where(状)do(谓)you(主)come from?(谓)

难点: where adv. 在哪里。该句型用于问对方是哪儿的人。

400. JIM: I come from England.

翻译:吉姆:我是英国人。

解构:I(主)come from(谓)England.(宾)

难点: England n. 英国;英格兰。


(第一册,L53)

401. MR. WILLIAMS: Where's Jimmy?

翻译:威廉斯先生:吉米在哪儿?

解构:Where(表)'s(系)Jimmy?(主)

难点: where adv. 在哪里。

402. MRS. WILLIAMS: He's in bed.

翻译:威廉斯夫人:他躺在床上。

解构:He(主)'s(系)in bed.(表)

难点: be in bed躺在床上,bed前不用冠词或其他限定词。

(第一册,L61)

403. DOCTOR: Where's Mr. Williams this evening?

翻译:医生:威廉斯先生今晚去哪儿了?

解构:Where(表)'s(系)Mr. Williams(主)this evening?(状)

难点: evening n. 傍晚,晚间。

404. MRS. WILLIAMS: He's in bed, doctor. Can you see him please? He has a bad cold,
too!

翻译:威廉斯夫人:他在床上呢,医生。您能看看他吗?他也得了重感冒!

解构:He(主)'s(系)in bed,(表)doctor.(呼)Can(谓)you(主)see(谓)
him(宾)please?(插入语)He(主)has(谓)a bad cold,(宾)too!(状)

难点: have/catch a cold感冒。

(第一册,L63)

405. SAM: Hi, Carol! Where's Tom?


翻译:萨姆:你好,卡罗尔!汤姆在哪儿?

解构:Hi,(招呼语)Carol!(呼)Where(表)'s(系)Tom?(主)

难点: where adv.在哪里。

406. CAROL: He's upstairs. He's having a bath.

翻译:卡罗尔:他在楼上。他正在洗澡。

解构:He(主)'s(系)upstairs.(表)He(主)'s having(谓)a bath.(宾)

难点: upstairs在楼上,表示动作的方向;本课中的“He's upstairs.”则表示他的方位;He's having a


bath.(现在进行时)他正在洗澡。动词have后面接名词或名词短语,有从事、进行的意思,如have a
cigarette抽支烟,have a glass of whisky喝一杯威士忌;bath n. 洗澡。

(第一册,L81)

407. CAROL: Where did you go?

翻译:卡罗尔:你去哪儿了?

解构:Where(状)did(谓)you(主)go?(谓)

408. SAM: I stayed at home!

翻译:萨姆:我呆在家里了!

解构:I(主)stayed(谓)at home!(状)

难点: stay vi. 停留;stay at home呆在家里,注意名词home之前不加任何冠词;在诸如go home,


arrive home的短语中,home是副词。

(第一册,L83)

409. THE BOSS: Where's Sandra, Bob? I want her.

翻译:老板:鲍勃,桑德拉在哪儿?我要找她。

解构:Where(表)'s(系)Sandra,(主)Bob?(呼)I(主)want(谓)her.(宾)
(第一册,L105)

410. MARTIN: Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary?

翻译:马丁:加里,今年你们打算去哪里度假?

解构:Where(状)are(谓)you(主)going to spend(谓)your holidays(宾)this


year,(状)Gary?(呼)

难点: spend v.度过。

411. GARY: We may go abroad.

翻译:加里:我们可能到国外去。

解构:We(主)may go(谓)abroad.(状)

难点: abroad adv. 国外。

(第一册,L131)

→when

412. W: When did Tom go to bed? What does she want to know?

翻译:汤姆什么时候睡的?她想知道什么?

M: She wants to know when Tom went to bed.

翻译:她想知道汤姆什么时候睡的。

(第一册,L140)

413. W: When will you have a bath? What does she want to know?

翻译:你什么时候洗澡?她想知道什么?

M: She wants to know when you'll have a bath.

翻译:她想知道你将什么时候洗澡。

(第一册,L140)
414. W: When does Tom arrive? What does she want to know?

翻译:汤姆什么时候到?她想知道什么?

M: She wants to know when Tom arrives.

翻译:她想知道汤姆什么时候到。

(第一册,L140)

415. GEORGE: When's the next train?

翻译:乔治:下一班车是什么时候?

解构:When(表)'s(系)the next train?(主)

难点: 特殊疑问句。

(第一册,L95)

416. CATHERINE: When will the new people move into this house?

翻译:凯瑟琳:新住户什么时候搬进这所房子?

解构:When(状)will(谓)the new people(主)move(谓)into this house?(状)

难点: into表示“进入”;people n. 人们。

(第一册,L91)

417. CATHERINE: When? Tomorrow morning?

翻译:凯瑟琳:什么时候?明天上午吗?

解构:When?(状)Tomorrow morning?(状)

难点: 省略句,完整的句子是:When will he move? 和Will he move tomorrow morning?

(第一册,L91)

418. TOM: When are you going to have a holiday, Sam?


翻译:汤姆:萨姆,你准备什么时候去休假?

解构:When(状)are(谓)you(主)going to have(谓)a holiday,(宾)Sam?


(呼)

难点: be going to表示“打算,计划”。

(第一册,L83)

419. W: It's Friday. When did she go to London? The day before yesterday.

翻译:今天星期五。她什么时候去伦敦的?前天。

M: She went to London on Wednesday.

翻译:她星期三去伦敦的。

(第一册,L78)

420. W: It's March. When did you call the doctor? The month before last.

翻译:现在是3月。你什么时候叫的医生?上上个月。

M: I called the doctor in January.

翻译:我1月份叫的医生。

(第一册,L78)

421. W: When did you look at that photograph? An hour ago.

翻译:你什么时候看那张照片的?一个小时前。

M: I looked at that photograph an hour ago.

翻译:我一个小时前看那张照片的。

(第一册,L76)

422. W: When did he paint that bookcase?The year before last.

翻译:他什么时候漆书架的?前年。
M: He painted that bookcase the year before last.

翻译:他前年漆的书架。

(第一册,L76)

423. W: When did the cat jump off the wall? A minute ago.

翻译:猫什么时候跳下墙的?一分钟前。

M: It jumped off the wall a minute ago.

翻译:它一分钟前从墙上跳下的。

(第一册,L76)

424. W: When did you work in an office? The year before last.

翻译:你什么时候在办公室工作?前年。

M: I worked in an office the year before last.

翻译:我前年在办公室工作。

(第一册,L76)

425. W: When did Mrs. Mills talk to the salesman? Last month.

翻译:米尔斯太太什么时候和那个推销员说话的?上个月。

难点: salesman n.售货员,店员;推销员。

M: She talked to the salesman last month.

翻译:她上个月和那个推销员说话的。

(第一册,L76)

426. W: When did she dust the cupboard? Three days ago.

翻译:她什么时候扫碗橱上的灰的?三天前。
M: She dusted the cupboard three days ago.

翻译:她三天前扫掉碗橱上的灰的。

(第一册,L76)

427. W: When did she thank her father? An hour ago.

翻译:她什么时候谢她爸爸的?一个小时前。

M: She thanked her father an hour ago.

翻译:她一个小时前谢她爸爸的。

(第一册,L76)

428. W: When did she type those letters? A month ago.

翻译:她什么时候打那些信的?一个月前。

M: She typed those letters a month ago.

翻译:她一个月前打那些信的。

(第一册,L76)

429. W: When did he walk across the park? Last week.

翻译:他什么时候穿过公园的?上星期。

M: He walked across the park last week.

翻译:他上星期穿过公园的。

(第一册,L76)

430. W: When did you meet her?

翻译:你什么时候见她的?

M: I met her the day before yesterday.


翻译:我前天见到她的。

(第一册,L74)

431. W: When were Sam and Penny at the stationer's?

翻译:萨姆和彭妮什么时候去文具店的?

难点: stationer n. 文具商。

M: They were at the stationer's on Monday.

翻译:他们星期一去文具店的。

(第一册,L80)

432. W: When was I in India?

翻译:我什么时候在印度的?

M: You were in India in 1985.

翻译:你1985年在印度。

(第一册,L80)

433. W: When was I at the dairy?

翻译:我什么时候在乳品店的?

M: You were at the dairy on Saturday.

翻译:我星期六在乳品店的。

(第一册,L80)

434. W: When was I at the hairdresser's?

翻译:我什么时候去理发的?

M: You were at the hairdresser's on Wednesday.


翻译:你星期三去理发的。

(第一册,L80)

435. W: When were you at church?

翻译:你什么时候在教堂?

难点: church n. 教堂。

M: I was at church on Sunday.

翻译:我星期天在教堂。

(第一册,L68)

436. W: When was Tom at the hairdresser's?

翻译:汤姆什么时候去理发的?

M: He was at the hairdresser's on Thursday.

翻译:他星期四去理发的。

(第一册,L68)

437. W: When was Mrs.Jones at the butcher's?

翻译:琼斯太太什么时候去肉店的?

M: She was at the butcher's on Wednesday.

翻译:她星期三去肉店的。

(第一册,L68)

438. W: When were you at home?

翻译:你什么时候呆在家里的?

M: I was at home on Sunday.


翻译:我星期天呆在家里的。

(第一册,L68)

439. W: When was Miss Grey at the office?

翻译:格瑞小姐什么时候在办公室里?

M: She was at the office on Tuesday.

翻译:她星期二在办公室里。

(第一册,L68)

440. W: When was Mary at the baker's?

翻译:玛丽什么时候在面包房?

难点: baker n. 面包师傅,the baker's面包房。

M: She was at the baker's on Friday.

翻译:她星期五在面包房。

(第一册,L68)

441. W: When were you at the dairy?

翻译:你什么时候到乳品店的?

难点: dairy n. 乳品店。

M: I was at the dairy on Saturday.

翻译:我星期六到乳品店的。

(第一册,L68)

442. W: When was Mrs. Jones at the greengrocer's?

翻译:琼斯太太什么时候到蔬菜水果店的?
M: She was at the greengrocer's on Tuesday.

翻译:她星期二到蔬菜水果店的。

(第一册,L68)

443. W: When was Mrs. Williams at the grocer's?

翻译:威廉斯太太什么时候到食品杂货店的?

难点: grocer n. 食品杂货商。

M: She was at the grocer's on Monday.

翻译:她星期一到食品杂货店的。

(第一册,L68)

444. W: When were you at school?

翻译:你什么时候去学校的?

M: I was at school on Monday.

翻译:我星期一去学校的。

(第一册,L68)

→what

445. W: What are the children doing? Are they crying?

翻译:孩子们正在做什么?他们正在哭吗?

难点: cry v. 哭,喊。

M: No, they aren't crying. They're sleeping.

翻译:不,他们不是在哭。他们正在睡觉。

难点: sleep v. 睡觉。


(第一册,L34)

446. W: What are the men doing? Are they cooking?

翻译:这些男人正在做什么?他们正在做饭吗?

M: No, they aren't cooking. They're shaving.

翻译:不,他们不是在做饭。他们正在刮脸。

难点: shave v. 刮脸。

(第一册,L34)

447. W: What are the children doing? Are they sleeping?

翻译:这些孩子正在做什么?他们正在睡觉吗?

M: No, they aren't sleeping. They're crying.

翻译:不,他们不是在睡觉。他们正在哭。

(第一册,L34)

448. W: What are the dogs doing? Are they drinking milk?

翻译:这些狗正在做什么?它们正在喝牛奶吗?

M: No, they aren't drinking milk. They're eating bones.

翻译:不,它们不是在喝牛奶。它们正在啃骨头。

(第一册,L34)

449. W: What are the women doing? Are they airing the room?

翻译:女人们正在做什么?她们正在给房间通风吗?

M: No, they aren't airing the room. They're typing letters.

翻译:不,她们不是在给房间通风。她们正在打信。
(第一册,L34)

450. W: What are the children doing? Are they looking at a picture?

翻译:孩子们正在做什么?他们正在看一幅画吗?

M: No, they aren't looking at a picture. They're doing their homework.

翻译:不,他们不是在看画。他们正在做他们的家庭作业。

(第一册,L34)

451. W: What are the women doing? Are they sweeping the floor?

翻译:女人们正在做什么?她们正在扫地吗?

M: No, they aren't sweeping the floor. They're washing dishes.

翻译:不,她们不是在扫地。她们正在洗碟子。

(第一册,L34)

452. W: What are the birds doing? Are they sitting on a tree?

翻译:鸟们正在做什么?它们正蹲在树上吗?

M: No, they aren't sitting on a tree. They're flying over the river.

翻译:不,它们不是蹲在树上。它们正从河上飞过。

(第一册,L34)

453. W: What are the man and the woman doing? Are they waiting for a bus?

翻译:这个男人和这个女人正在做什么?他们正在等公共汽车吗?

难点: wait v. 等。

M: No, they aren't waiting for a bus. They're walking over the bridge.

翻译:不,他们不是在等公共汽车。他们正从桥上走过。
(第一册,L34)

454. W:What are the man and the woman doing? Are they walking over the bridge?

翻译:这个男人和这个女人正在做什么?他们正从桥上走过吗?

M: No, they aren't walking over the bridge. They're waiting for a bus.

翻译:不,他们不是正从桥上走过。他们正在等公共汽车。

(第一册,L34)

455. W: What are the boy and the girl doing? Are they climbing a tree?

翻译:这个男孩和这个女孩正在做什么?他们正在爬树吗?

M: No, they aren't climbing a tree. They're jumping off the wall.

翻译:不,他们不是在爬树。他们正从墙上跳下。

难点: jump v. 跳。

(第一册,L34)

456. W: What does she often do in the morning?

翻译:她早上经常干什么?

M: She often dusts the cupboard in the morning.

翻译:她早上经常扫碗橱上的灰。

(第一册,L56)

457. W: What does she always do in the morning?

翻译:她早上通常干什么?

M: She always makes the bed in the morning.

翻译:她早上通常整理床铺。
(第一册,L56)

458. W: What does he always do in the morning?

翻译:他早上通常干什么?

M: He always shaves in the morning.

翻译:他早上通常刮脸。

(第一册,L56)

459. W: What do they sometimes do in the evening?

翻译:他们晚上有时干什么?

M: They sometimes listen to the stereo in the evening.

翻译:他们晚上有时听音响。

(第一册,L56)

460. W: What do they always do at night?

翻译:他们晚上通常干什么?

M: They always go to bed at night.

翻译:他们晚上通常上床睡觉。

(第一册,L56)

461. W: What do they usually do in the afternoon?

翻译:他们下午通常做什么?

M: They usually type letters in the afternoon.

翻译:他们下午通常打信。

(第一册,L56)
462. W: What do they sometimes do in the evening?

翻译:他们晚上有时干什么?

M: They sometimes watch television in the evening.

翻译:他们晚上有时看电视。

(第一册,L56)

463. W: What does she always do at noon?

翻译:她中午通常干什么?

M: She always eats her lunch at noon.

翻译:她中午通常吃午饭。

(第一册,L56)

464. W: What does he often do in the evening?

翻译:他晚上通常做什么?

M: He often reads his newspaper in the evening.

翻译:他晚上通常看报。

(第一册,L56)

465. FATHER: What are you going to do this evening, Jill?

翻译:父亲:今晚你打算干什么,吉尔?

解构:What(宾)are(谓)you(主)going to do(谓)this evening,(状)Jill?(呼)

难点: this evening=tonight;Jill n. 吉尔(女子名)。

466. JILL: I'm going to meet some friends, Dad.

翻译:吉尔:我打算去看几个朋友,爸爸。
解构:I(主)'m going to meet(谓)some friends,(宾)Dad.(呼)

难点: Dad n. 爸爸(儿语)。

(第一册,L65)

467. TOM: What are you doing, Carol?

翻译:汤姆:卡罗尔,你在干什么?

解构:What(宾)are(谓)you(主)doing,(谓)Carol?(呼)

难点: be doing是现在进行时,表示现在进行的动作。

468. CAROL: I'm making a shopping list, Tom.

翻译:卡罗尔:我在写购物单,汤姆。

解构:I(主)'m making(谓)a shopping list,(宾)Tom.(呼)

难点: make a list列一个清单。

(第一册,L79)

469. TOM: What do we need?

翻译:汤姆:我们都需要什么?

解构:What(宾)do(谓)we(主)need?(谓)

难点: need及物动词,意为“需要”,其后可跟名词、动名词,有人称和数的变化。

(第一册,L79)

470. CAROL: We need a lot of things this week.

翻译:卡罗尔:这星期我们需要很多东西。

解构:We(主)need(谓)a lot of things(宾)this week.(状)

难点: a lot of很多,许多(既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,它也等于lots of);thing n.


东西,物。
(第一册,L79)

471. W: What does she usually do in the morning?

翻译:她早上通常干什么?

M: She usually drinks tea in the morning.

翻译:她早上通常喝茶。

W: What is she doing this morning?

翻译:她今天早上在干什么?

M: She is drinking coffee this morning.

翻译:她今天早上在喝咖啡。

(第一册,L58)

472. W: What do they usually do in the afternoon?

翻译:他们下午通常干什么?

M: They usually play in the garden in the afternoon.

翻译:他们下午通常在花园里玩。

W: What are they doing this afternoon?

翻译:今天下午他们在干什么?

M: They are swimming in the river this afternoon.

翻译:今天下午他们在河里游泳。

(第一册,L58)

473. W: What do you usually do in the evening?

翻译:你傍晚通常干什么?
M: I usually cook a meal in the evening.

翻译:我傍晚通常做饭。

W: What are you doing this evening?

翻译:今晚你在干什么?

M: I am reading a book this evening.

翻译:今晚我在看书。

(第一册,L58)

474. W: What do you all usually do at night?

翻译:你们夜里通常干什么?

M: We usually watch television at night.

翻译:我们夜里通常看电视。

W: What are you all doing tonight?

翻译:今夜你们在干什么?

难点: tonight adv. 在今夜,在今晚 n. 今夜,今晚。

M: We are listening to the stereo tonight.

翻译:今夜我们在听音响。

(第一册,L58)

475. W: What are they going to do?

翻译:他们准备做什么?

M: They are going to have breakfast.

翻译:他们准备吃早饭。
难点: breakfast n. 早饭。

(第一册,L82)

476. W: What are they doing?

翻译:他们正在做什么?

M: They are having lunch.

翻译:他们正在吃午饭。

(第一册,L82)

477. W: What must they do?

翻译:他们应该做什么?

M: They must have tea.

翻译:他们应该喝茶。

(第一册,L82)

478. W: What did they do?

翻译:他们做什么了?

M: They had dinner.

翻译:他们吃饭了。

(第一册,L82)

479. W: What must they do?

翻译:他们应该做什么?

M: They must have a meal.

翻译:他们应该吃饭。
(第一册,L82)

480. W: What is Tom going to do?

翻译:汤姆准备做什么?

M: He is going to have a swim.

翻译:他准备游泳。

(第一册,L82)

481. W: What is he doing?

翻译:他正在干什么?

M: He is having a bath.

翻译:他正在洗澡。

(第一册,L82)

482. W: What did he do?

翻译:他做什么了?

M: He had a haircut.

翻译:他理发了。

难点: haircut n. 理发。

(第一册,L82)

483. W: What are they doing?

翻译:他们正在干什么?

M: They are having a lesson.

翻译:他们正在上课。
(第一册,L82)

484. W: What did they do?

翻译:他们做什么了?

M: They had a party.

翻译:他们举行了聚会。

难点: party n. 聚会。

(第一册,L82)

485. W: What must they do?

翻译:他们应该做什么?

M: They must have a holiday.

翻译:他们应该度假。

难点: holiday n. 假日。

(第一册,L82)

486. W: What are they going to do?

翻译:他们准备做什么?

M: They are going to have a good time.

翻译:他们准备好好玩玩。

(第一册,L82)

487. W: Is Tom doing his homework? What does she want to know?

翻译:汤姆在做作业吗?她想知道什么?

M: She wants to know if Tom is doing his homework.


翻译:她想知道汤姆是否在做作业。

488. W: What are you cooking? What does he want to know?

翻译:你在做什么饭?他想知道什么?

M: He wants to know what you are cooking.

翻译:他想知道你在做什么饭。

(第一册,L140)

489. W: Are you tired? What does he want to know?

翻译:你累吗?他想知道什么?

M: He wants to know if you are tired.

翻译:他想知道你是否累了。

(第一册,L140)

490. SOPHIE: What nationality are you?

翻译:索菲娅:你是哪国人?

解构:What nationality(表)are(系)you?(主)

难点: what adj. & pron. 什么; nationality n. 国籍, 国家;询问国籍还可以说:What's your nationality?
或Where are you from?

491. ROBERT: I'm Italian.

翻译:罗伯特:我是意大利人。

解构:I(主)'m(系)Italian.(表)

难点: I'm是I am 的缩写形式。

(第一册,L7)

492. ROBERT: What's your job?


翻译:罗伯特:你是做什么工作的?

解构:What(表)'s(系)your job?(主)

难点: job n. 工作。

493. SOPHIE: I'm a keyboard operator.

翻译:索菲娅:我是电脑录入员。

解构:I(主)'m(系)a keyboard operator.(表)

难点: keyboard n. 电脑键盘;operator n. 操作人员。

(第一册,L7)

494. SOPHIE: What's your job?

翻译:索菲娅:你是做什么工作的?

解构:What(表)'s(系)your job?(主)

难点: 询问工作还可以说:What do you do?

495. ROBERT: I'm an engineer.

翻译:罗伯特:我是工程师。

解构:I'(主)m(系)an engineer.(表)

难点: engineer n. 工程师。

(第一册,L7)

496. HANS: What's the climate like in your country?

翻译:汉斯:你们国家的气候怎么样?

解构:What(宾)'s(谓)the climate(主)like(谓)in your country?(状)

难点: be like谓语,like prep. 像……一样;country n. 国家。


497. DIMITRI: It's very pleasant.

翻译:迪米特里:气候非常宜人。

解构:It(主)'s(系)very(状)pleasant.(表)

(第一册,L51)

498. HANS: What's the weather like in spring?

翻译:汉斯:春季的天气怎么样?

解构:What(宾)'s(谓)the weather(主)like(谓)in spring?(状)

难点: weather n. 天气;spring n. 春天。

499. DIMITRI: It's often windy in March. It's always warm in April and May, but it rains
sometimes.

翻译:迪米特里:3月里常常刮风。4月和5月的天气总是暖洋洋的,但有时下雨。

解构:It(主)'s(系)often(状)windy(表)in March.(状)It(主)'s(系)
always(状)warm(表)in April and May,(状)but(连)it(主)rains(谓)sometimes.
(状)

难点: often adv. 时常;windy adj. 有风的;sometimes有时(在句中的位置较灵活,可位于句首、


句中或句尾);warm adj. 温暖的。

(第一册,L51)

500. HANS: What's it like in summer?

翻译:汉斯:夏季的天气如何呢?

解构:What(宾)'s(谓)it(主)like(谓)in summer?(状)

难点: summer n. 夏天。

(第一册,L51)

501. JIM: The weather's often cold in the North and windy in the East. It's often wet in the
West and sometimes warm in the South.

翻译:吉姆:北部的天气常常寒冷,东部则常常刮风。西部常下雨,南部有时则很
暖和。

解构:The weather(主)'s(系)often(状)cold(表)in the North(状)and(连)


windy(表)in the East.(状)

It(主)'s(系)often(状)wet(表)in the West(状)and(连)sometimes(状)


warm(表)in the South.(状)

难点: in在句中是介词,为“在……内”,表位置;wet adj. 潮湿的;North n. 北方(第一个字母要大


写);and连接两个或两个以上的并列成分,and要位于最后一个词之前。

(第一册,L53)

502. SHOP ASSISTANT: What else do you want?

翻译:售货员:您还要什么吗?

解构:What else(宾)do(谓)you(主)want?(谓)

难点: else是形容词,为“别的,其他的”,表示除已有的以外,其他的人或物;else用在疑问代词
或不定代词之后;something else其他一些东西。What else...?可以看作是表示疑问的一个短语,意为“还
有什么”。

503. LADY: I want my change.

翻译:女士:我要找的零钱。

解构:I(主)want(谓)my change.(宾)

难点: change n. 零钱,找给的钱。

(第一册,L59)

504. MR. WILLIAMS: What's the matter with him?

翻译:威廉斯先生:他怎么啦?

解构:What(表)'s(系)the matter(主)with him?(状)


难点: What's the matter with him? 表示“某人或某物怎么啦”“出了……毛病”,可以用以下几种表达
方法:“Is there anything wrong with him?”“What's wrong with him?”

505. MRS. WILLIAMS: He feels ill.

翻译:威廉斯夫人:他觉得不舒服。

解构:He(主)feels(系)ill.(表)

难点: feel vt. 感觉,它属于感觉动词,其语法功能相当于系动词be。

(第一册,L61)

506. AMY: What must I do, Mrs. Jones?

翻译:艾米:我应该做些什么呢,琼斯夫人?

解构:What(宾)must(谓)I(主)do,(谓)Mrs. Jones?(呼)

难点: must是情态动词,表示不可逃避的义务或不可推卸的责任;do v. 做,实行。

507. MRS. JONES: Open the window and air the room.

翻译:琼斯夫人:打开窗子,给房间通通风。

解构:Open(谓)the window(宾)and(连)air(谓)the room.(宾)

难点: and连词,英语中两个表示连续动作的动词连用时,通常用and连接;open vt. 打开;air v.


使……通风,换换空气。

(第一册,L29)

508. JEAN: What's she doing?

翻译:琼:她在干什么?

解构:What(宾)'s(谓)she(主)doing?(谓)

难点: what pron. 什么;doing是do的进行时形式;这是英语中的现在进行时,由be的现在时形式


(am, is, are)加-ing分词构成,表示现在在做什么,能用于进行体的动词一般都是表示持续动作的动态动
词;对大多数动词来说,在动词后面直接加-ing即可构成现在分词,如doing。对以-e结尾的动词,要去
掉-e再加上-ing;如果动词只有一个元音字母,而后跟了一个辅音字母时,则需要将辅音字母双写,再加-
ing,如running。

509. JACK:She's sitting under the tree.

翻译:杰克:她正在树下坐着。

解构:She(主)'s sitting(谓)under the tree.(状)

难点: under prep. 在……之下,表示一个物体在另一个物体的下面;tree n. 树。

(第一册,L31)

510. W:What's she doing?

翻译:她正在做什么?

M: She's typing a letter.

翻译:她正在打一封信。

难点: letter n.信;type v. 打字。

W:What's he doing?

翻译:他正在做什么?

M: He's reading a magazine.

翻译:他正在看一本杂志。

W:What's it doing?

翻译:它正在做什么?

M: It's eating a bone.

翻译:它正在啃骨头。

难点: eat v. 吃;bone n. 骨头。


(第一册,L32)

511. W:What's she doing?

翻译:她正在做什么?

M: She's looking at a picture.

翻译:她正在看一幅画。

W:What's he doing?

翻译:他正在做什么?

M: He's sharpening a pencil.

翻译:他正在削铅笔。

W:What's it doing?

翻译:它正在做什么?

M: It's drinking its milk.

翻译:它正在喝牛奶。

(第一册,L32)

512. W:What's she doing?

翻译:她正在做什么?

M: She's shutting the door.

翻译:她正在关门。

(第一册,L32)

513. W:What's he doing?

翻译:他正在做什么?
M: He's opening the window.

翻译:他正在开窗户。

(第一册,L32)

514. DAN: You're working hard, George. What are you doing?

翻译:丹:你干得真辛苦,乔治。你在干什么呢?

解构:You(主)'re working(谓)hard,(状)George.(呼)What(宾)are(谓)
you(主)doing?(谓)

难点: work v. 工作;hard adv. 努力地;在这句话中hard是一个副词,修饰动词work,有“努力地,


费劲地”的意思;hard还常常与表示动作、举止的动词连用,如listen, play, try等,用来加强动词的强度;
George n. 乔治(男子名)。

515. GEORGE: I'm making a bookcase.

翻译:乔治:我正在做书架。

解构:I(主)'m making(谓)a bookcase.(宾)

(第一册,L37)

516. DAN: What are you going to do now, George?

翻译:丹:你现在打算干什么,乔治?

解构:What(宾)are(谓)you(主)going to do(谓)now,(状)George?(呼)

难点: be going to是“打算”、“准备”、“按计划”做某事,表示将来。

517. GEORGE: I'm going to paint it.

翻译:乔治:我打算把它漆一下。

解构:I(主)'m going to paint(谓)it.(宾)

难点: paint v. 上漆。


518. DAN: What colour are you going to paint it?

翻译:丹:你打算把它漆成什么颜色?

解构:What colour(宾)are(谓)you(主)going to paint(谓)it?(宾)

519. GEORGE: I'm going to paint it pink.

翻译:乔治:我想漆成粉红色。

解构:I(主)'m going to paint(谓)it(宾)pink.(宾补)

难点: pink n. & adj. 粉红色(的);这里的it指bookcase,是宾语;pink是宾语补足语。

520. DAN: Pink!

翻译:丹:粉红色!

解构:Pink!(宾补)

难点: 丹对乔治想把书架漆成粉红色感到非常惊讶,因此就反问:You want to paint it pink? 口语中


经常省略某些句子成分。这里的pink在原句中充当(宾补)。读的时候可以用降升调。

(第一册,L37)

521. W: What are you going to do?

翻译:你准备做什么?

M: I'm going to shave.

翻译:我准备刮脸。

(第一册,L38)

522. W:What are you doing now?

翻译:你现在正在做什么?

M: Now I'm shaving.

翻译:我现在正在刮脸。
(第一册,L38)

523. W: What are you both going to do?

翻译:你俩准备做什么?

M: We're going to do our homework.

翻译:我们准备做作业。

难点: homework n. 作业。

(第一册,L38)

524. W: What are you both doing now?

翻译:你俩现在正在做什么?

M: Now we're doing our homework.

翻译:我们现在正在做作业。

(第一册,L38)

525. W: What are you both going to do?

翻译:你俩准备做什么?

M: We're going to listen to the stereo.

翻译:我们准备听音响。

难点: listen v. 听。

(第一册,L38)

526. W: What are you both doing now?

翻译:你俩现在正在做什么?

M: Now we're listening to the stereo.


翻译:我们现在正在听音响。

(第一册,L38)

527. W: What are you going to do?

翻译:你准备做什么?

M: I'm going to wait for a bus.

翻译:我准备等公共汽车。

(第一册,L38)

528. W: What are you doing now?

翻译:你现在正在做什么?

M: Now I'm waiting for a bus.

翻译:我现在正在等公共汽车。

(第一册,L38)

529. W: What are you going to do?

翻译:你准备做什么?

M: I'm going to paint this bookcase.

翻译:我准备漆书架。

(第一册,L38)

530. W: What are you doing now?

翻译:你现在正在做什么?

M: Now I'm painting this bookcase.

翻译:我现在正在漆书架。
(第一册,L38)

531. W: What are you going to do?

翻译:你准备做什么?

M: I'm going to wash the dishes.

翻译:我准备洗碟子。

难点: dish n. 盘,碟。

(第一册,L38)

532. W: What are you doing now?

翻译:你现在正在做什么?

M: Now I'm washing the dishes.

翻译:我现在正在洗碟子。

(第一册,L38)

533. SAM: What are you going to do with that vase, Penny?

翻译:萨姆:你打算如何处理那花瓶,彭妮?

解构:What(宾)are(谓)you(主)going to do with(谓)that vase,(宾)Penny?


(呼)

难点: do with指对某件事物或人的处理;vase n. 花瓶。

534. PENNY: I'm going to put it on this table, Sam.

翻译:彭妮:我打算把它放在这张桌子上,萨姆。

解构:I(主)'m going to put(谓)it(宾)on this table,(状)Sam.(呼)

难点: put vt. 放,摆,安置;Sam萨姆(男子名,Samuel的昵称)。

(第一册,L39)
535. PENNY: What are you going to do with it?

翻译:彭妮:你打算怎么办?

解构:What(宾)are(谓)you(主)going to do with(谓)it?(宾)

难点: do with 对付、处理,同义词为deal with。

536. SAM: I'm going to put it here, in front of the window.

翻译:萨姆:我准备把它放在这儿,放在窗前。

解构:I(主)'m going to put(谓)it(宾)here,(状)in front of the window.(状)

难点: in front of意为“在……前边”,指外部,of后既可接人,也可接物;in the front of意为“在……


前部”,指内部,of后只接物。front n. 前面。

(第一册,L39)

537. SAM: Here! Put it on this chair. What's in it?

翻译:萨姆:放这儿。把它放在这把椅子上。里面是什么东西?

解构:Here!(副)Put(谓)it(宾)on this chair.(状)What(主)'s(系)in it?


(表)

难点: what's+表示地点的介词短语是询问“某处有什么”的特殊疑问句,what无论指代单数还是复数
名词,都要用what's来提问。

(第一册,L41)

538. BOB: Yes? What's the matter?

翻译:鲍勃:怎么了?怎么回事?

解构:Yes?(答)What(表)'s(系)the matter?(主)

难点: What's the matter? 该句表示某人或某物出了什么问题。同义句:What's wrong?

539. PAMELA: I can't type this letter.


翻译:帕梅拉:我打不了这封信。

解构:I(主)can't type(谓)this letter.(宾)

难点: type v. 打字。

(第一册,L45)

540. W:What can you do?

翻译:你能做什么?

M: I can put on my coat.

翻译:我能穿上上衣。

(第一册,L46)

541. LOUISE: What colour's your new dress?

翻译:路易丝:你的新连衣裙是什么颜色的?

解构:What colour(表)'s(系)your new dress?(主)

难点: what colour用于询问颜色;what adj. 什么;colour n.(英)(=美国英语拼写的color)颜色,


色彩。

542. ANNA: It's green.

翻译:安娜:是绿色的。

解构:It主 's(系)green.(表)

难点: it's是it is的缩写形式;green adj. 绿色的。

(第一册,L13)

543. LOUISE: What colour is it?

翻译:路易丝:是什么颜色的?

解构:What colour(表)is(系)it?(主)
难点: colour n. 颜色。what colour is可写成what colour's。

544. ANNA: It's the same colour. It's green, too.

翻译:安娜:一样的颜色,也是绿的。

解构:It(主)'s(系)the same colour.(表)It(主)'s(系)green,(表)too.(状)

难点: same adj. 意思为“一样的”“相同的”,在same前面总有一个定冠词the。the same可单独使用,


也可修饰一个名词。

(第一册,L13)

545. W: What colour's Steven's umbrella? Is it brown?

翻译:史蒂文的伞是什么颜色的?它是棕色的吗?

M: It isn't brown. It's black.

翻译:它不是棕色的。它是黑色的。

(第一册,L14)

546.W: What colour's Sophie's coat? Is it white?

翻译:索菲娅的上衣是什么颜色的?它是白色的吗?

M: It isn't white. It's grey.

翻译:它不是白色的。它是灰色的。

(第一册,L14)

547. W: What colour's the boy's tie? Is it yellow?

翻译:这个男孩的领带是什么颜色的?它是黄色的吗?

M: It isn't yellow. It's orange.

翻译:它不是黄色的。它是橘黄色的。

(第一册,L14)
548. W: What colour's Paul's car? Is it red?

翻译:保罗的小汽车是什么颜色的?它是红色的吗?

M: It isn't red. It's blue.

翻译:它不是红色的。它是蓝色的。

(第一册,L14)

549. W:What colour's Anna's blouse? Is it orange?

翻译:安娜的女衫是什么颜色的?它是橘黄色的吗?

M: It isn't orange. It's yellow.

翻译:它不是橘黄色的。它是黄色的。

(第一册,L14)

550. W: What colour's Tim's shirt? Is it blue?

翻译:汤姆的衬衫是什么颜色的?它是蓝色的吗?

M: It isn't blue. It's white.

翻译:它不是蓝色的。它是白色的。

(第一册,L14)

551. W: What colour's Steven's hat? Is it green and red?

翻译:史蒂文的帽子是什么颜色的?它是红绿色的吗?

M: It isn't green and red. It's grey and black.

翻译:它不是红绿色的。它是灰黑色的。

(第一册,L14)

552. W: What colour's the woman's case? Is it grey?


翻译:这个女人的箱子是什么颜色的?它是灰色的吗?

难点: case n. 箱子。

M: It isn't grey. It's brown.

翻译:它不是灰色的。它是棕色的。

(第一册,L14)

553. W: What colour's Helen's dog? Is it grey and black?

翻译:海伦的狗是什么颜色的?它是灰黑色的吗?

难点: dog n. 狗。

M: It isn't grey and black. It's brown and white.

翻译:它不是灰黑色的。它是棕白相间的。

(第一册,L14)

554. W: What colour's Anna's carpet? Is it green?

翻译:安娜的地毯是什么颜色的?它是绿色的吗?

难点: carpet n. 地毯。

M: It isn't green. It's red.

翻译:它不是绿色的。它是红色的。

(第一册,L14)

555. W: What colour are your tickets? Are they white?

翻译:你们的票是什么颜色的?它们是白色的吗?

M: Our tickets are not white. They are yellow.

翻译:我们的票不是白色的。它们是黄色的。
难点: yellow adj. 黄色的。

(第一册,L16)

556. MR. RICHARDS: Those women are very hard-working. What are their jobs?

翻译:理查兹先生:那些女人很勤快。她们是做什么工作的?

解构:Those women(主)are(系)very(状)hard-working.(表)What(表)
are(系)their jobs?(主)

难点: women n. 女人(woman的复数形式);hard-working adj.(复合词)勤奋的;their pron. 他们


的,她们的,它们的;询问别人工作,还可用:What do you do?

557. MR. JACKSON: They're keyboard operators.

翻译:杰克逊先生:她们是电脑录入员。

解构:They(主)'re(系)keyboard operators.(表)

难点: keyboard operators 电脑录入员。

(第一册,L17)

558. MR. RICHARDS: They aren't very busy! What are their jobs?

翻译:理查兹先生:他们不很忙吧!他们是做什么工作的?

解构:They(主)aren't(系)very(状)busy!(表)What(表)are(系)their jobs?
(主)

难点: busy adj. 忙碌的。

559. MR. JACKSON: They're sales reps. They're very lazy.

翻译:杰克逊先生:他们是推销员,他们非常懒。

解构:They(主)'re(系)sales reps.(表)They(主)'re(系)very(状)lazy.
(表)

难点: sales reps n. 推销员,是sales representatives的缩写形式,常用于口语;lazy adj. 懒惰的。


(第一册,L17)

560. MOTHER: What's the matter, children?

翻译:母亲:怎么啦,孩子们?

解构:What(表)'s(系)the matter,(主)children?(呼)

难点: 也可以说:What is wrong? 怎么啦?;matter n. 事件,问题;children n. 孩子们(child的复


数)。

(第一册,L19)

561. W:What can she do?

翻译:她能做什么?

M: She can wait for the bus.

翻译:她能等公共汽车。

(第一册,L46)

562. W:What can you and Tom do?

翻译:你和汤姆能做什么?

M: We can listen to the stereo.

翻译:我们能听音响。

(第一册,L46)

563. W:What can Penny and Jane do?

翻译:彭妮和简能做什么?

M: They can wash the dishes.

翻译:她们能洗碟子。

(第一册,L46)
564. W:What can George do?

翻译:乔治能做什么?

M: He can take these flowers to her.

翻译:他能把这些花儿带给她。

(第一册,L46)

565. W:What can the cat do?

翻译:猫能做什么?

M: It can drink its milk.

翻译:它能喝牛奶。

(第一册,L46)

566. W:What can I do?

翻译:我能做什么?

M: You can paint this bookcase.

翻译:你能漆这个书架。

(第一册,L46)

567. W:What can you see?

翻译:你能看见什么?

M: I can see that aeroplane.

翻译:我能看见那架飞机。

(第一册,L46)

568. MR. WILLIAMS: What's the matter with him, doctor?


翻译:威廉斯先生:他得了什么病,医生?

解构:What(表)'s(系)the matter(主)with him,(状)doctor?(呼)

难点: What's the matter with sb.? 询问某人怎么样了;还可以说成:What's wrong with sb.?

(第一册,L61)

569. W: What's the matter with her? Does she have an earache?

翻译:她怎么了?她耳朵痛吗?

难点: earache n. 耳痛。

M: She doesn't have an earache. She has a headache.

翻译:她不是耳朵痛。她头痛。

难点: headache n. 头痛。

W: What must she do?

翻译:她该怎么办?

M: She must take an aspirin.

翻译:她必须吃片阿斯匹林。

难点: aspirin n. 阿斯匹林。

(第一册,L62)

570. W: What's the matter with George? Does he have a headache?

翻译:乔治怎么了?他头痛吗?

M: He doesn't have a headache. He has an earache.

翻译:他不是头痛。他耳朵痛。

W: What must he do?


翻译:他该怎么办?

M: He must see a doctor.

翻译:他该去看医生。

(第一册,L62)

571. W: What's the matter with him? Does he have a stomach ache?

翻译:他怎么了?他胃痛吗?

难点: stomach ache胃痛。

M: He doesn't have a stomach ache. He has a toothache.

翻译:他不是胃痛。他牙痛。

难点: toothache n. 牙痛。

W: What must he do?

翻译:他该怎么办?

M: He must see a dentist.

翻译:他该去看牙医。

难点: dentist n. 牙医。

(第一册,L62)

572. W: What's the matter with Jane? Does she have a toothache?

翻译:简怎么了?她牙痛吗?

M: She doesn't have a toothache. She has a stomach ache.

翻译:她不是牙痛。她胃痛。

W: What must she do?


翻译:她该怎么办?

M: She must take some medicine.

翻译:她该吃些药。

难点: medicine n. 药。

(第一册,L62)

573. W: What's the matter with Sam? Does he have a stomach ache?

翻译:萨姆怎么了?他胃痛吗?

M: He doesn't have a stomach ache. He has a temperature.

翻译:他不是胃痛。他发烧了。

难点: temperature n. 温度。

W: What must he do?

翻译:他该怎么办?

M: He must go to bed.

翻译:他应该上床睡觉。

(第一册,L62)

574. W: What's the matter with Dave? Does he have a headache?

翻译:大卫怎么了?他头痛吗?

M: He doesn't have a headache. He has flu.

翻译:他不是头痛。他得了流感。

难点: flu n. 流行性感冒。

W: What must he do?


翻译:他该怎么办?

M: He must stay in bed.

翻译:他该呆在床上。

(第一册,L62)

575. W: What's the matter with Jimmy? Does he have a headache?

翻译:吉米怎么了?他头痛吗?

M: He doesn't have a headache? He has measles.

翻译:他不是头痛。他得了麻疹。

难点: measles n. 麻疹。

W: What must we do?

翻译:我们该怎么办?

M: We must call the doctor.

翻译:我们应该叫医生。

(第一册,L62)

576. W: What's the matter with Susan? Does she have an earache?

翻译:苏珊怎么了?她耳朵痛吗?

M: She doesn't have an earache. She has mumps.

翻译:她不是耳朵痛。她得了腮腺炎。

难点: mumps n. 腮腺炎。

W: What must we do?

翻译:我们该怎么办?
M: We must call the doctor.

翻译:我们应该叫医生。

(第一册,L62)

577. JANE: What's Ron Marston like, Pauline?

翻译:简:波琳,朗·马斯顿是怎样一个人?

解构:What(宾)'s(谓)Ron Marston(主)like,(谓)Pauline?(呼)

难点: like prep. 像。

578. PAULINE: He's awful! He telephoned me four times yesterday, and three times the day
before yesterday.

翻译:波琳:他讨厌透了!他昨天给我打了4次电话。前天打了3次。

解构:He(主)'s(系)awful!(表)He(主)telephoned(谓)me(宾)four times
yesterday,(状)

难点: time n. 次数。动词过去式一般有两种形式:规则动词一般在动词后面加-ed,如answer —


answered;以-e结尾的规则动词加-d,如arrive — arrived。另一部分动词的过去式拼写不规则,因此称为不
规则动词,如say — said, do — did。

解构:and three times the day before yesterday.(状)

难点: 一般过去时的句子中常常有表示过去某一时刻的时间状语,如本课文中的yesterday(昨
天),the day before yesterday(前天),yesterday morning(昨天上午),yesterday afternoon(昨天下
午),yesterday evening(昨天晚上),last night(昨夜);before prep. 在……之前。

(第一册,L71)

579. JANE: What did your boss say to him?

翻译:简:你老板是怎么对他说的?

解构:What(宾)did(谓)your boss(主)say(谓)to him?(状)


难点: say v. 说,讲。

(第一册,L71)

580. W: What did you do yesterday?

翻译:你昨天干什么了?

M: I aired the room yesterday.

翻译:我昨天给房间通风了。

(第一册,L72)

581. W: What did she do last night?

翻译:她昨夜干什么了?

难点: last adj. 最后的,前一次的。

M: She listened to the stereo last night.

翻译:她昨夜听音响了。

(第一册,L72)

582. W: What did he do this morning?

翻译:他今天早上干什么了?

M: He shaved this morning.

翻译:他今天早上刮脸了。

(第一册,L72)

583. W: What did she do the night before last?

翻译:她前天晚上干什么了?

M: She telephoned her husband the night before last.


翻译:她前天晚上给她丈夫打电话了。

(第一册,L72)

584. W: What did you do last night?

翻译:你昨夜干什么了?

M: I called the doctor last night.

翻译:昨夜我请医生了。

(第一册,L72)

585. W: What did she do the day before yesterday?

翻译:她前天干什么了?

M: She emptied the basket the day before yesterday.

翻译:她前天把篮子倒空了。

(第一册,L72)

586. W: What did I do yesterday morning?

翻译:昨天早上我干什么了?

M: You boiled an egg yesterday morning.

翻译:昨天早上你煮鸡蛋了。

(第一册,L72)

587. W: What did you and Tom do yesterday?

翻译:你和汤姆昨天干什么了?

M: We cleaned our shoes yesterday.

翻译:我们昨天洗鞋子了。
(第一册,L72)

588. W: What did the children do yesterday afternoon?

翻译:昨天下午孩子们干什么了?

M: They played in the garden yesterday afternoon.

翻译:昨天下午他们在花园里玩。

(第一册,L72)

589. W: What did he do today?

翻译:他今天干什么了?

M: He stayed in bed today.

翻译:他今天呆在床上。

(第一册,L72)

590. W: What did he take?

翻译:他拿了什么?

M: He took a cake.

翻译:他拿了蛋糕。

W:What did he do with it?

翻译:他拿蛋糕干什么?

M: He ate it quickly.

翻译:他很快地吃了。

(第一册,L74)

591. W: What did the keyboard operators do this morning?


翻译:今早录入员干了什么?

M: They worked very hard.

翻译:她们十分努力地工作。

(第一册,L74)

592. SHOP ASSISTANT: What size?

翻译:售货员:什么尺码的?

解构:What size?(宾)

难点: 此句可扩展为:What size do you want? 用来提问尺寸大小,回答时要直接说出尺寸大小。


what是疑问代词,它可放在名词前,修饰名词;size n. 大小,尺寸,(衣服等)尺码。

593. LADY: Size five.

翻译:女士:5号的。

解构:Size five.(宾)

难点: 完整的句子可为:I want size five.

(第一册,L75)

594. SHOP ASSISTANT: What colour?

翻译:售货员:什么颜色?

解构:What colour?(宾)

难点: 完整的句子是:What colour do you want? what colour用来提问某物的颜色。

595. LADY: Black.

翻译:女士:黑的。

解构:Black.(宾)

难点: 完整的句子是:I want black colour.


(第一册,L75)

596. CAROL: What did you have?

翻译:卡罗尔:你们吃什么?

解构:What(宾)did(谓)you(主)have?(谓)

难点: 这里的have相当于eat。

597. TOM: We had roast beef and potatoes.

翻译:汤姆:我们吃的是烤牛肉和土豆。

解构:We(主)had(谓)roast beef(宾)and(连)potatoes.(宾)

难点: roast vt. 烤。

(第一册,L81)

598. TOM: What's the matter, Carol?

翻译:汤姆:怎么了,卡罗尔?

解构:What(表)'s(系)the matter,(主)Carol?(呼)

难点: 相当于:What's wrong ?

599. CAROL: Well, you're going to have roast beef and potatoes again tonight!

翻译:卡罗尔:唉,今晚你们又要吃烤牛肉和土豆了!

解构:Well,(叹)you(主)'re going to have(谓)roast beef and potatoes(宾)again


tonight!(状)

难点: be going to表示即将发生的动作,句中常有表示将来的时间状语;again adv. 再一次、又一


次;tonight=this evening。

600. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?
M: She has just aired the room.

翻译:她刚才已把房间通风了。

(第一册,L86)

601. W: What have they just done?

翻译:他们刚才做了什么?

M: They have just cleaned their shoes.

翻译:他们刚才已把他们的鞋子洗了。

(第一册,L86)

602. W: What has he just done?

翻译:他刚才做了什么?

M: He has just opened the window.

翻译:他刚才已经打开了窗户。

(第一册,L86)

603. W: What has he just done?

翻译:他刚才做了什么?

M: He has just sharpened his pencil.

翻译:他刚才已经削了铅笔。

(第一册,L86)

604. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just turned on the television.


翻译:她刚才已打开了电视机。

(第一册,L86)

605. W: What have they just done?

翻译:他们刚才做了什么?

M: They have just listened to the news.

翻译:他们刚才已听了新闻。

(第一册,L86)

606. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just boiled some milk.

翻译:她刚才已煮了一些牛奶。

(第一册,L86)

607. W: What has he just done?

翻译:他刚才做了什么?

M: He has just answered the telephone.

翻译:他刚才已接了电话。

(第一册,L86)

608. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just emptied the basket.

翻译:她刚才已把篮子倒了。
(第一册,L86)

609. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just asked a question.

翻译:她刚才已问了一个问题。

(第一册,L86)

610. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just typed a letter.

翻译:她刚才已打了一封信。

(第一册,L86)

611. W: What has she just done?

翻译:她刚才做了什么?

M: She has just washed her hands.

翻译:她刚已经洗了手。

(第一册,L86)

612. W: What has he just done?

翻译:他刚才做了什么?

M: He has just walked across the park.

翻译:他刚已从公园走过。

(第一册,L86)
613. W: What has he just done?

翻译:他刚才做了什么?

M: He has just painted the bookcase.

翻译:他刚已把书架漆了。

(第一册,L86)

614. ATTENDANT: I don't know, sir. What's the number of your car?

翻译:服务员:我不知道,先生。您的汽车牌号是多少?

解构:I(主)don't know,(谓)sir.(呼)What(表)'s(系)the number(主)of your


car?(定)

难点: attendant n. 服务生;number n. 号码。

615. MR. WOOD: It's LFZ 312 G.

翻译:伍德先生:是LFZ 312 G。

解构:It(主)'s(系)LFZ 312 G.(表)

难点: it代指上文已提到的东西。

(第一册,L87)

616. ATTENDANT: What's the matter?

翻译:服务员:怎么回事?

解构:What(表)'s(系)the matter?(主)

难点: What's the matter? 怎么啦?

617. MR. HALL: This case doesn't belong to me! You've given me the wrong case!

翻译:霍尔先生:这箱子不是我的!您给错了!

解构:This case(主)doesn't belong to(谓)me!(宾)You(主)'ve given(谓)me


the wrong case!(宾)

难点: belong vi. 属于;give sb. sth. 给某人某物。

(第一册,L97)

618. W: I feel tired. What's that?

翻译:我感到累。什么?

M: He says that he feels tired.

翻译:他说他感到累。

(第一册,L100)

619. W: We want some money.What's that?

翻译:我们想要些钱。什么?

M: They say that they want some money.

翻译:他们说他们想要些钱。

(第一册,L100)

620. W: I'm cold. What's that?

翻译:我很冷。什么?

M: She says that she is cold.

翻译:她说她很冷。

(第一册,L100)

621. W: We have toothache. What's that?

翻译:我们牙痛。什么?

M: They say that they have toothache.


翻译:他们说他们牙痛。

(第一册,L100)

622. W: I need an X-ray. What's that?

翻译:我需要X光透视。什么?

M: He says that he needs an X-ray.

翻译:他说他需要X光透视。

(第一册,L100)

623. W: We can repair this car. What's that?

翻译:我们可以修这辆车。什么?

M: They say that they can repair this car.

翻译:他们说他们可以修这辆车。

(第一册,L100)

624. W: I must wait for a bus. What's that?

翻译:我应该等公共汽车。什么?

M: She says that she must wait for a bus.

翻译:她说她应该等公共汽车。

(第一册,L100)

625. W: We feel thirsty.What's that?

翻译:我们感到渴。什么?

M: They say that they feel thirsty.

翻译:他们说他们感到渴。
(第一册,L100)

626. W: I shall catch the bus. What's that?

翻译:我将去赶公共汽车。什么?

M: He says that he will catch the bus.

翻译:他说他将去赶公共汽车。

(第一册,L100)

627. MR. HALL: Let me see it.

翻译:霍尔先生:让我看看。

解构:Let(谓)me(宾)see it.(宾补)

难点: 句型:let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。

(第一册,L97)

628. ATTENDANT: What's your name and address?

翻译:服务员:您的姓名和住址?

解构:What(表)'s(系)your name and address?(主)

难点: what可以就“姓名”、“职业”、“号码”、“地址”、“颜色”等进行提问。

629. MR. HALL: David Hall, 83, Bridge Street.

翻译:霍尔先生:大卫·霍尔,大桥街83号。

解构:David Hall, 83, Bridge Street.(表)

难点: 83, Bridge Street大桥街83号;在英文中书写地址时,要把门牌号放在街名的前面。

(第一册,L97)

630. GRANDMOTHER: What else does he say?


翻译:祖母:他还说了些什么?

解构:What else(宾)does(谓)he(主)say?(谓)

难点: else adj. 其他的,别的。

(第一册,L101)

631. W: I am cold.What's that?

翻译:我很冷。什么?

M: She says she is cold.

翻译:她说她很冷。

(第一册,L102)

632. W: I have a cold. What's that?

翻译:我感冒了。什么?

M: He says he has a cold.

翻译:他说他感冒了。

(第一册,L102)

633. W: I need a licence.What's that?

翻译:我需要一个执照。什么?

M: She says she needs a licence.

翻译:她说她需要一个执照。

(第一册,L102)

634. W: I shall sell this house. What's that?

翻译:我将卖掉这所房子。什么?
M: He says he will sell this house.

翻译:他说他将卖掉房子。

(第一册,L102)

635. W: I have an earache.What's that?

翻译:我耳朵痛。什么?

M: He says he has an earache.

翻译:他说他耳朵痛。

(第一册,L102)

636. W: I want a haircut. What's that?

翻译:我想理发。什么?

M: He says he wants a haircut.

翻译:他说他想理发。

(第一册,L102)

637. W: We must repair this car. What's that?

翻译:我们应该修这辆车。什么?

M: They say they must repair this car.

翻译:他们说他们应该修这辆车。

(第一册,L102)

638. W: I've got a headache.What's that?

翻译:我头痛。什么?

M: She says she's got a headache.


翻译:她说她头痛。

(第一册,L102)

639. W: We want some money. What's that?

翻译:我们想要些钱。什么?

M: They say they want some money.

翻译:他们说他们想要一些钱。

(第一册,L102)

640. W: I feel cold. What's that?

翻译:我感觉冷。什么?

M: She says she feels cold.

翻译:她说她感觉冷。

(第一册,L102)

641. SANDRA: What is it?

翻译:桑德拉:是什么?

解构:What(表)is(系)it?(主)

642. THE BOSS: It's a dictionary. I hope it'll help you.

翻译:老板:是本词典。我希望它能对你有所帮助。

第一层:It(主)'s(系)a dictionary.(表)I(主)hope(谓)it'll help you.(宾语从


句)

难点: hope v. 希望;wish v. 希望,想要,但愿;dictionary n. 词典。

第二层:it(主)'ll help(谓)you.(宾)

(第一册,L105)
643. W: I'm tired. What did he say?

翻译:我很累。他说过什么?

M: He said he was tired.

翻译:他曾说他累了。

(第一册,L134)

644. W: I'm reading. What did she tell you?

翻译:我在看书。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me she was reading.

翻译:她曾告诉我说她在看书。

(第一册,L134)

645. W: I want to leave. What did he say?

翻译:我想走了。他说过什么?

M: He said he wanted to leave.

翻译:他曾说他想走了。

(第一册,L134)

646. W: I don't want to go to the cinema. What did she tell you?

翻译:我不想去看电影。她曾告诉你什么?

M: She told me she didn't want to go to the cinema.

翻译:她曾告诉我说她不想去看电影。

(第一册,L134)

647. W: It's expensive. What did he say?


翻译:它很贵。他说过什么?

M: He said it was expensive.

翻译:他曾说它很贵。

(第一册,L134)

648. W: Tom is waiting for you. What did she tell you?

翻译:汤姆在等你。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me Tom was waiting for me.

翻译:她曾告诉我说汤姆在等我。

(第一册,L134)

649. W: Alice feels tired. What did he say?

翻译:艾丽丝感觉累。他说的什么?

M: He said Alice felt tired.

翻译:他曾说艾丽丝感到累。

(第一册,L134)

650. W: It isn't urgent. What did she tell you?

翻译:这不紧急。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me it wasn't urgent.

翻译:她曾告诉我说这不紧急。

难点: urgent adj. 紧急的;迫切的。

(第一册,L134)

651. W: I'm not joking. What did he say?


翻译:我不是在开玩笑。他说的什么?

M: He said he wasn't joking.

翻译:他说他不是在开玩笑。

(第一册,L134)

652. W: The children aren't hungry. What did she tell you?

翻译:孩子们不饿。她对你说的什么?

M: She told me the children weren't hungry.

翻译:她告诉我说孩子们不饿。

(第一册,L134)

653. W: I'll leave tomorrow. What did he say?

翻译:我明天将走。他说什么?

M: He said he would leave tomorrow.

翻译:他曾说他明天将走。

(第一册,L136)

654. W: I can understand English. What did she tell you?

翻译:我懂英语。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me she could understand English.

翻译:她曾告诉我说她懂英语。

(第一册,L136)

655. W: I may go to the cinema this evening. What did he say?

翻译:今晚我可能去看电影。他说过什么?
M: He said he might go to the cinema this evening.

翻译:他曾说他今晚可能去看电影。

(第一册,L136)

656. W: I'm not going to come tomorrow. What did she tell you?

翻译:我明天不来。她告诉你什么?

M: She told me she was not going to come tomorrow.

翻译:她说她明天不来。

(第一册,L136)

657. W: George won't travel by air. What did he say?

翻译:乔治将不乘飞机旅行。他说过什么?

M: He said George wouldn't travel by air.

翻译:他曾说乔治将不乘飞机旅行。

(第一册,L136)

658. W: I can't afford a new car.What did she tell you?

翻译:我买不起新车。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me she couldn't afford a new car.

翻译:她告诉我说她买不起新车。

(第一册,L136)

659. W: I may not retire. What did he say?

翻译:我不可能退休。他说过什么?

M: He said he might not retire.


翻译:他说他不可能退休。

(第一册,L136)

660. W: It will rain tomorrow. What did she tell you?

翻译:明天将下雨。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me it would rain tomorrow.

翻译:她告诉我明天将下雨。

(第一册,L136)

661. W: The children can come with us. What did he say?

翻译:孩子们可以和我们一起来。他说过什么?

M: He said the children could come with us.

翻译:他说孩子们可以和我们一起来。

(第一册,L136)

662. W: Penny may be right. What did she tell you?

翻译:彭妮可能是对的。她告诉过你什么?

M: She told me Penny might be right.

翻译:她告诉我说彭妮可能是对的。

(第一册,L136)

663. What will you do if you win a lot of money?

翻译:要是你赢了许多钱,你打算做什么呢?

第一层:What(宾)will(谓)you(主)do(谓)if you win a lot of money?(状语从


句)

难点: “如果你赢了许多钱。”这是一个表示条件的(状语从句)。在英文中,条件是指某一事情实
现之后((状语从句)中的动作)其他事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作“假如”。如果条件(状
语从句)用于询问或谈论十分可能发生的事情,那么条件(状语从句)中常用一般现在时,而主句中则
用一般将来时。

第二层:if(引)you(主)win(谓)a lot of money?(宾)

难点: a lot of既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。

(第一册,L137)

664. What'll we do then?

翻译:那时我们怎么办呢?

解构:What(宾)'ll(谓)we(主)do(谓)then?(状)

(第一册,L137)

665. ASSISTANT: What about this one?

翻译:店员:这件怎么样?

难点: 这是省略句。

666. ASSISTANT: It's a lovely dress.

翻译:店员:这是件漂亮的衣服。

解构:It(主)'s(系)a lovely(定)dress.(表)

(第一册,L107)

667. CHARLOTTE: What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?

翻译:夏洛特:加些糖怎么样?两茶匙行吗?

难点: some多用于肯定句,但在表示请求、盼望得到肯定回答时,不用any而用some;What about


some sugar. 是省略句;teaspoonful n. 一满茶匙;Two teaspoonfuls? 是Two teaspoonfuls of sugar? 的省略句。

(第一册,L109)
668. W: I don't have to get up early tomorrow. What about you?

翻译:我明天不必起得很早。你呢?

M: I don't need to get up early, either.

翻译:我也不必起早。

(第一册,L126)

669. W: Tom must change some money. What about Mary?

翻译:汤姆必须换些零钱。玛丽呢?

M: She has to change some money, too.

翻译:她也必须换些零钱。

(第一册,L126)

670. W: Mary doesn't have to drive to London tomorrow. What about Tim?

翻译:玛丽明天不必开车去伦敦。蒂姆呢?

M: He doesn't need to drive to London, either.

翻译:他也不必开车去伦敦。

(第一册,L126)

671. W: I must go by air. What about you?

翻译:我必须坐飞机走。你呢?

M: I have to go by air, too.

翻译:我也必须坐飞机走。

(第一册,L126)

672. W: I don't have to meet her at the station. What about you?
翻译:我不必到车站去接她。你呢?

M: I don't need to meet her at the station, either.

翻译:我也不必到车站去接她。

(第一册,L126)

673. W: Tom doesn't have to be there early. What about Alice?

翻译:汤姆不必早点儿到那儿。艾丽丝呢?

M: She doesn't need to be there early, either.

翻译:她也不必早到那儿。

(第一册,L126)

674. W: Alan must decide immediately. What about George?

翻译:艾伦必须立即决定。乔治呢?

难点: immediately adv. 立即。

M: He has to decide immediately, too.

翻译:他也必须决定。

(第一册,L126)

675. W: I don't have to take a taxi. What about you?

翻译:我不必乘出租车。你呢?

M: I don't need to take a taxi, either.

翻译:我也不必乘出租车。

(第一册,L126)

676. W: I must catch that bus. What about you?


翻译:我必须乘那辆公共汽车。你呢?

M: I have to catch that bus, too.

翻译:我也必须乘那辆公共汽车。

(第一册,L126)

677. JEAN: What about the dog?

翻译:琼:那么狗呢?

难点: about prep. 关于;这句话的意思是:What is the dog doing in the garden?为了避免重复原句中


的主语和谓语,可以用what about这个结构来询问情况。

678. JACK: The dog's in the garden, too. It's running across the grass.

翻译:杰克:狗也在花园里。它正在草地上跑。

解构:The dog(主)'s(系)in the garden,(表)too.(状)It(主)'s running(谓)


across the grass.(状)

难点: run vi. 跑,奔;across prep. 横过,穿过,在对面,run across跑过;grass n. 草,草地。

(第一册,L31)

679. BUTCHER: What about some steak? This is a nice piece.

翻译:肉商:来点牛排吗?这块很好。

解构:This(主)is(系)a nice piece.(表)

难点: steak n. 牛排;what about意为“……怎么样?”后可接名词、代词或动名词。

680. MRS. BIRD: Give me that piece, please.

翻译:伯德夫人:就请给我那块吧。

解构:Give(谓)me(宾)that piece,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: give后面跟双宾语;piece n. 片。
(第一册,L49)

681. TOM: What about vegetables?

翻译:汤姆:蔬菜呢?

难点: What about...?=How about...?用于询问与上文有关的各种情况;veget-able n. 蔬菜。

(第一册,L79)

682. W: What about Sam?

翻译:萨姆呢?

M: He hasn't bought a new car yet.

翻译:他还没有买新车。

(第一册,L90)

683. W:What about Penny?

翻译:彭妮呢?

M: She hasn't read this book yet.

翻译:她还没看这本书。

(第一册,L90)

684. W:What about Ron?

翻译:瑞恩呢?

M: He hasn't done his homework yet.

翻译:他还没有做作业。

(第一册,L90)

685. W:What about Ron and Betty?


翻译:瑞恩和贝蒂呢?

M: They haven't swum across the river yet.

翻译:他们还未从河里游过去。

(第一册,L90)

686. W:What about your mother?

翻译:你妈妈呢?

M: She hasn't gone to London yet.

翻译:她还未去伦敦。

(第一册,L90)

687. W:What about the children?

翻译:孩子们呢?

M: They haven't seen that film yet.

翻译:他们还未看那场电影。

(第一册,L90)

688. W:What about Mr.Jones?

翻译:琼斯先生呢?

M: He hasn't spoken to the boss yet.

翻译:他还没和老板谈话。

(第一册,L90)

689. W:What about John?

翻译:约翰呢?
M: He hasn't put on his coat yet.

翻译:他还未穿上上衣。

(第一册,L90)

690. W:What about Penny?

翻译:彭妮呢?

M: She hasn't taken her medicine yet.

翻译:她还未喝药。

(第一册,L90)

691. W: What about Sam and Penny?

翻译:萨姆和彭妮呢?

M: They haven't got a new television set yet.

翻译:他们还没有买新电视机。

(第一册,L88)

692. W: What about the boss?

翻译:老板呢?

M: He hasn't left the office yet.

翻译:他还没有离开办公室。

(第一册,L88)

693. W: What about Frank?

翻译:弗兰克呢?

M: He hasn't heard the news yet.


翻译:他还没有听到这个消息。

(第一册,L88)

694. W: What about Susan and Jane?

翻译:苏珊和简呢?

M: They haven't made their beds yet.

翻译:她们还没有整理床铺。

(第一册,L88)

695. W: What about your wife?

翻译:你的妻子呢?

M: She hasn't met Harry yet.

翻译:她还没遇见哈利。

(第一册,L88)

696.W: I went to Beijing a year ago. What about you?

翻译:我一年前去过北京。你呢?

M: I shall go to Beijing in a year's time.

翻译:我将在一年后去北京。

(第一册,L96)

697.W: Tom flew to Stockholm two weeks ago. What about Penny?

翻译:汤姆两周前飞往斯德哥尔摩。彭妮呢?

M: She will fly to Stockholm in two weeks' time.

翻译:她将在两周后飞往斯德哥尔摩。
(第一册,L96)

698.W: Frank and Alan returned to Tokyo two days ago. What about you and Jean?

翻译:弗兰克和艾伦两天前回到东京。你和简呢?

M: We shall return to Tokyo in two days' time.

翻译:我们将在两天后回东京。

(第一册,L96)

699. W: You went to Sydney a month ago. What about me?

翻译:你一个月前去了悉尼。我呢?

M: You will go to Sydney in a month's time.

翻译:你将在一个月后去悉尼。

(第一册,L96)

700. W: A train left for Geneva an hour ago. What about the next train?

翻译:火车1小时前离开到日内瓦。下一辆呢?

M: It will leave for Geneva in an hour's time.

翻译:它将在1小时后离开到日内瓦。

(第一册,L96)

701. W: Alice flew to Rome two days ago. What about you?

翻译:艾丽丝两天前飞往罗马。你呢?

M: I shall fly to Rome in two days' time.

翻译:我将在两天后飞往罗马。

(第一册,L96)
702. W: Tom and Mary went to London an hour ago. What about you and Jean?

翻译:汤姆和玛丽1小时前去伦敦的。你和简呢?

M: We shall go to London in an hour's time.

翻译:我将在1小时后去伦敦。

(第一册,L96)

703. W: A plane left for Berlin three hours ago. What about the next plane?

翻译:3小时前一架飞机飞往柏林。下一架飞机呢?

M: It will leave for Berlin in three hours' time.

翻译:它将在3小时后离开到柏林。

(第一册,L96)

704. W: Smith returned to New York a year ago. What about Jones?

翻译:史密斯一年前回到纽约。琼斯呢?

M: He will return to New York in a year's time.

翻译:他将在一年后回到纽约。

(第一册,L96)

705. W: Janet returned from Paris six weeks ago. What about her husband?

翻译:珍妮特6周前从巴黎回来。她丈夫呢?

706. ATTENDANT: What about this one? This one's got a label.

翻译:服务员:这只是不是?这只箱子有张标签。

解构:This one(主)'s got(谓)a label.(宾)

难点: What about this one?是省略句。这里的's got相当于has。


(第一册,L97)

→How

用来询问目前情况或状况。常对形容词或副词进行提问。例如:

—How is her handwriting? 她的字写得怎么样?

—Her handwriting is beautiful. 她的字写得漂亮。

询问健康状况或一般的社交套话。例如:

—How's your mother? 你妈妈好吗?

—She's very well. Thanks. 她很好,谢谢。

How are you? 你(身体)好吗?

How have you been? 你一向可好吗?

How are you keeping? 你过得怎么样?

How's life? 生活如何?

How are things? 情况怎么样?

How's work? 工作怎么样?

用来询问方式或过程。例如:

—How are you travelling? 你是怎么旅行的?

—I am travelling by bus. 我乘公共汽车旅行。

—How did you finish the job so soon? 你怎么这么快就干完了?

—By climbing on to the roof. 爬到屋顶上干的。

有些用how+情态动词组成的疑问句用于表示责备、气愤、争辩、感叹等感情色彩,
一般不需要回答。例如:

How dare you say I'm unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平!(责备)


How can you say such an unkind things? 你怎么说这么不客气的话?(气愤)

How could she do such a thing? 她怎么能做这样的事呢?(感叹)

707. W:How did she greet you?

翻译:她怎样和你打招呼的?

难点: greet v. 问候,打招呼。

M: She greeted me warmly.

翻译:她热情地和我打招呼。

(第一册,L74)

708. NIGEL: How long have you lived here?

翻译:奈杰尔:您在这里住了多长时间?

解构:How long(状)have(谓)you(主)lived(谓)here?(状)

难点: how long引起一个特殊疑问句,意为“多久”,询问时间长度。

709. IAN: I've lived here for twenty years.

翻译:伊恩:我在这里已经住了20年了。

解构:I(主)'ve lived(谓)here for twenty years.(状)

难点: for引导时间状语时,意为“达,计”。

(第一册,L89)

710. NIGEL: How much does this house cost?

翻译:奈杰尔:这座房子卖多少钱?

解构:How much(状)does(谓)this house(主)cost?(谓)

难点: how much用于询问价格,意为“多少钱”,当问数量时,修饰不可数名词,意为“多少”;cost


(cost, cost)v. 花费。
711. IAN: £68,500.

翻译:伊恩:68,500英镑。

解构:£68,500.(宾)

难点: pound n. 英镑(£)。

(第一册,L89)

712. W: How did you enjoy yourselves last night?

翻译:你们昨夜玩得怎么样?

M: We enjoyed ourselves very much.

翻译:我们昨夜玩得十分开心。

(第一册,L74)

713. W: How did he swim this afternoon?

翻译:他今天下午游泳游得怎么样?

M: He swam very well.

翻译:他游得很好。

(第一册,L74)

714. GARY: How was the exam, Richard?

翻译:加里:考试考得怎样,理查德?

解构:How(表)was(系)the exam,(主)Richard?(呼)

难点: exam n. 考试。

715. RICHARD: Not too bad.

翻译:理查德:不算太坏。
解构:Not(系)too(状)bad.(表)

(第一册,L103)

716. How about you, Gary?

翻译:加里,你怎么样?

难点: How about...?……怎么样?用于征求他人意见或询问情况。

(第一册,L103)

717. MR. FRITH: I like this television very much. How much does it cost?

翻译:弗里斯先生:我非常喜欢这台电视机。请问它多少钱?

解构:I(主)like(谓)this television(宾)very much.(状)How much(状)


does(谓)it(主)cost?(谓)

难点: cost v. 花费。

(第一册,L111)

718. “How's Tommy?” he asked.

翻译:“汤米怎么样?”他问。

第一层:“How's Tommy?”(宾语从句)he(主)asked.(谓)

第二层:“How表's(系)Tommy?”(主)

719. “I don't know,” I answered.

翻译:“我不知道,”我回答说。

第一层:“I don't know,”(宾语从句)I(主)answered.(谓)

第二层:“I(主)don't know,”(谓)

(第一册,L117)

→which
当我们从没有限制的数目中进行选择时,就用what这个词;如果在有限制的数目中进
行选择时,就用which。英语还常用which of ...(what不可以这样用),这使得用which进
行选择的意思显得更清楚。

720. Which book?

翻译:哪一本书?

难点: 这是一种省略形式;which可指哪一个(单数),也可指哪一些(复数)。

(第一册,L21)

721. WOMAN: Which book?

翻译:妻子:哪一本?

解构:Which(定)book?(宾)

难点: which adj. 哪个。

(第一册,L21)

722. Which one?

翻译:哪一……?

难点: which是疑问代词,用于构成特殊疑问句;句中one是不定代词,用于代替上文提到的人或
物,以避免重复前面出现过的名词。

(第一册,L22)

723. W: Which one? This dirty one?

翻译:哪一个?这个脏的吗?

M: No, not this dirty one. That clean one.

翻译:不,不是这个脏的。是那个干净的。

(第一册,L22)
724. W: Which one? That full one?

翻译:哪一个?那个满的吗?

M: No, not that full one. This empty one.

翻译:不,不是那个满的。是这个空的。

难点: empty adj. 空的;full adj. 满的。

(第一册,L22)

725. W: Which one? This large one?

翻译:哪一个?这个大的吗?

M: No, not this large one. That small one.

翻译:不,不是这个大的。是那个小的。

难点: large adj. 大的。

(第一册,L22)

726. W: Which one? That little one?

翻译:哪一个?那个小的吗?

M: No, not that little one. This big one.

翻译:不,不是那个小的。是这个大的。

难点: little adj. 小的;big adj. 大的。

(第一册,L22)

727. W: Which one? This new one?

翻译:哪一个?这个新的吗?

M: No, not this new one. That old one.


翻译:不,不是这个新的。是那个旧的。

(第一册,L22)

728. W: Which one? That blunt one?

翻译:哪一把?那把钝的吗?

M: No, not that blunt one. This sharp one.

翻译:不,不是那把钝的。是这把锋利的。

难点: blunt adj. 钝的;sharp adj. 尖的,锋利的。

(第一册,L22)

729. W: Which one? This new one?

翻译:哪一把?这把新的吗?

M: No, not this new one. That old one.

翻译:不,不是这把新的。是那把旧的。

(第一册,L22)

730. W: Which one? That small one?

翻译:哪一个?那把小的吗?

M: No, not that small one. This large one.

翻译:不,不是那把小的。是这把大的。

(第一册,L22)

731. WOMAN: Which glasses?

翻译:妻子:哪几只?

解构:Which(定)glasses?(宾)
难点: 这句话相当于:Which glasses do you want?

(第一册,L23)

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些钢笔?

M: The ones on the desk.

翻译:课桌上的那些。

难点: desk n. 课桌。

(第一册,L24)

732. M:Give me some ties please.

翻译:请给我一些领带。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些领带?

M: The ones on the chair.

翻译:椅子上的那些。

难点: chair n. 椅子。

(第一册,L24)

733. M:Give me some spoons please.

翻译:请给我一些勺子。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些勺子?

M: The ones on the table.


翻译:桌子上的那些。

难点: table n. 桌子。

(第一册,L24)

734. M:Give me some plates please.

翻译:请给我一些盘子。

难点: plate n. 盘子。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些盘子?

M: The ones on the cupboard.

翻译:食橱上的那些。

难点: cupboard n. 食橱。

(第一册,L24)

735. M:Give me some cigarettes please.

翻译:请给我一些香烟。

难点: cigarette n. 香烟。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些香烟?

M: The ones on the television.

翻译:电视机上的那些。

难点: television n. 电视机。

(第一册,L24)
736. M:Give me some boxes please.

翻译:请给我一些盒子。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些盒子?

M: The ones on the floor.

翻译:地板上的那些。

难点: floor n. 地板。

(第一册,L24)

737. M:Give me some bottles please.

翻译:请给我一些瓶子。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些瓶子?

M: The ones on the dressing table.

翻译:梳妆台上的那些。

难点: dressing table n.梳妆台。

(第一册,L24)

738. M:Give me some books please.

翻译:请给我一些书。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些书?

M: The ones on the shelf.


翻译:架子上的那些。

(第一册,L24)

739. M:Give me some magazines please.

翻译:请给我一些杂志。

难点: magazine n. 杂志。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些杂志?

M: The ones on the bed.

翻译:床上的那些。

难点: bed n. 床。

(第一册,L24)

740. M:Give me some newspapers please.

翻译:请给我一些报纸。

难点: newspaper n. 报纸。

W: Which ones?

翻译:哪些报纸?

M: The ones on the stereo.

翻译:立体声音响上的那些。

难点: stereo n. 立体声音响。

(第一册,L24)

741. DAN: Which hammer? This one?


翻译:丹:哪一把?是这把吗?

解构:Which(定)hammer?(宾)This one?(宾)

难点: which adj. 哪个,在这里作定语。

742. GEORGE: No, not that one. The big one.

翻译:乔治:不,不是那把。是那把大的。

解构:No,(答)not(系)that one.(表)The big(定)one.(宾)

难点: that adj. 那,那个;big adj. 大的。

(第一册,L37)

743. HANS: Which seasons do you like best?

翻译:汉斯:你最喜欢哪些季节?

解构:Which seasons(宾)do(谓)you(主)like(谓)best?(状)

难点: season n. 季节;like best最喜欢。

(第一册,L53)

744. GEORGE: Which platform?

翻译:乔治:在哪个站台?

解构:Which platform?(状)

难点: platform n.月台。

745. ATTENDANT: Platform Two. Over the bridge.

翻译:服务员:2号站台。过天桥。

解构:Platform Two.(状)Over the bridge.(状)

难点: over prep. 越过,翻过。


(第一册,L95)

746. MANAGER: Which books did you buy?

翻译:经理:您买的是两本什么书?

解构:Which books(宾)did(谓)you(主)buy?(谓)

难点: which adj. 哪个。

747. CUSTOMER: The books which are on the counter.

翻译:顾客:就是柜台上的那两本。

第一层:The books(主)which are on the counter.(定语从句)

难点: 这是定语从句,引导从句的which, who, whom, that均为关系代词。

第二层:which(主)are(系)on the counter.(表)

(第一册,L121)

→why

一般人都认为以why引起的特殊疑问句是询问原因,常以because开头作答。事实上,
用why开头的特殊疑问句还可表达许多其他意思。

748. W: Why is Mary late? What does she want to know?

翻译:玛丽为什么迟到了?她想知道什么?

M: She wants to know why Mary is late.

翻译:她想知道玛丽为什么迟到了。

(第一册,L140)

749. DOCTOR: Good news? Why?

翻译:医生:好消息?为什么?

解构:Good news?(表)Why?(状)
难点: 省略句。

(第一册,L61)

750. W: Why did he cut himself this morning?

翻译:他今早为什么割破了自己?

难点: cut v. 割,切。

M: Because he shaved hurriedly.

翻译:因为他刮脸刮得太匆忙了。

难点: hurriedly adv. 匆忙地。

(第一册,L74)

751. W: Why did you both arrive home late?

翻译:你们俩为什么回家晚了?

M: Because the bus went slowly.

翻译:因为公共汽车开得很慢。

难点: go (went, gone)v. 走。

(第一册,L74)

752. NIGEL: Then why do you want to sell it?

翻译:奈杰尔:那么,你为什么要卖掉它呢?

解构:Then why(状)do(谓)you(主)want(谓)to sell it?(宾)

难点: why adv. 为什么;sell (sold, sold) v. 卖,出售。

753. IAN: Because I've just retired. I want to buy a small house in the country.

翻译:伊恩:因为我刚退休。我想在乡下买幢小房子。
解构:Because(引)I(主)'ve(谓)just(状)retired.(谓)I(主)want(谓)to
buy a small house(宾)in the country.(状)

难点: because conj. 因为;retire v. 退休;country n. 农村。

(第一册,L89)

754. SCOTT: Why did you shave it off?

翻译:斯科特:你为什么把它刮了?

解构:Why(状)did(谓)you(主)shave(谓)it(宾)off?(谓)

难点: shave v. 剃,刮;off prep. 从……离开,脱离;shave off是动词词组。

755. MIKE: My wife didn't like it!

翻译:迈克:我妻子不喜欢!

解构:My wife(主)didn't like(谓)it!(宾)

难点: like v. 喜欢。

(第一册,L123)

756. “Why are you doing that?” Sally asked.

翻译:“你为什么要那样做呢?”萨莉问。

第一层:“Why are you doing that?”(宾语从句)Sally(主)asked.(谓)

第二层:“Why(引)are(谓)you(主)doing(谓)that?”(宾)

757. “To make myself beautiful,” the lady answered.

翻译:“为了把自己打扮漂亮啊,”那位妇女答道。

第一层:“To make myself beautiful,”(宾语从句)the lady(主)answered.(谓)

第二层:“To make(谓)myself(宾)beautiful,”(宾补)

难点: make myself beautiful把自己打扮漂亮。


(第一册,L141)

→who

whom是who的宾格,用作主语和动词be 的表语时要用who,而作宾语时一般正式用法
中只用whom。例如:

Whom do you think we saw? 你以为我们见到的是谁?

Except gods, who can be everlastingly happy in all his life without any agony?

除了神以外,谁能够永远悠悠一生,没有痛苦?

—— Aeschylus 埃斯库罗斯

As men are not born wise, who can be free from ignorance?

人非生而知之者,孰能无惑?

—— Han Yu 韩愈

who和whom同what, which等不一样,它们只可用来指人(单复数均可),在单复数不
明确的语境中采用单数的主谓一致关系,如听到外面有几个人的声音,自然的问语
是“Who's there?”而不是“Who are there?”。

758. JEAN: I beg your pardon? Who's climbing the tree?

翻译:琼:你说什么?谁在爬树?

解构:I(主)beg(谓)your pardon?(宾)Who(主)'s climbing(谓)the tree?


(宾)

难点: I beg your pardon?(你说什么?请再讲一遍。)用于没听清楚对方的话,或没明白对方的意


思,客气地请求重复或解释,用升调;beg v. 请求,乞求;pardon n. 原谅,宽恕。

(第一册,L31)

759. MANAGER: Who served you, sir?

翻译:经理:是谁接待您的,先生?
解构:Who(主)served(谓)you,(宾)sir?(呼)

难点: serve v. 接待。

760. CUSTOMER: The lady who is standing behind the counter.

翻译:顾客:站在柜台后面的那位女士。

第一层:The lady(主)who is standing behind the counter.(定语从句)

难点: lady n. 女士;stand v. 站,立;这是一个省略句,完整的句子是“The lady who is standing


behind the counter served me.”,其中who is standing behind the counter是一个以关系代词who引导的定语从
句,用来修饰前面的名词the lady。

第二层:who(主)is standing(谓)behind the counter.(状)

难点: behind prep. 在……之后;counter n. 柜台。

(第一册,L121)

761. SCOTT: This is a good photograph. Who are these people?

翻译:斯科特:这是一张很好的照片。这些人是谁?

解构:This(主)is(系)a good(定)photograph.(表)Who(表)are(系)these
people?(主)

难点: photograph n. 照片。

(第一册,L123)

762. SCOTT: Who's this?

翻译:斯科特:这是谁?

解构:Who(表)'s(系)this?(主)

(第一册,L123)

763. KATE: I thought so. Who's that beside her?


翻译:凯特:我也这样想。她旁边的那个人是谁?

解构:I(主)thought(谓)so.(状)Who(主)'s(系)that(表)beside her?(状)

764. LIZ: That must be Conrad Reeves.

翻译:莉兹:一定是康拉德·里弗斯。

解构:That(主)must be(系)Conrad Reeves.(表)

难点: must是个情态动词,表示比较肯定的猜测。

(第一册,L127)

765. GARY: Who's going to look after the dog?

翻译:加里:谁来照看狗呢?

解构:Who(主)'s going to look after(谓)the dog?(宾)

难点: look after照看。

(第一册,L131)

766. GARY: Who's going to look after the house?

翻译:加里:谁来看管房子呢?

解构:Who(主)'s going to look after(谓)the house?(宾)

(第一册,L131)

767. GARY: Who's going to look after the garden?

翻译:加里:谁来照料花园呢?

解构:Who(主)'s going to look after(谓)the garden?(宾)

(第一册,L131)

768. MR. RICHARDS: Who is this young man?


翻译:理查兹先生:这个年轻人是谁?

解构:Who(表)is(系)this(定)young man?(主)

难点: who pron. (疑问词)谁;young adj. 年轻的,年纪小的;man n. 男人,人(复数形式为


men)。

(第一册,L17)

选择疑问句
选择疑问句是说话人对问题提出两个或两个以上的方案,供对方选择。选择部分由连
词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列成分构成,or前面的部分念升调,or后的部分念降调。
or连接的可以是状语、宾语、表语、谓语或是分句,答语比较灵活。

选择疑问句的主要结构形式有两种。一种是以助动词提问的一般选择疑问句,另一种
是以wh-疑问词提问的特殊选择疑问句。例如:

—Do you want coffee or cocoa? 你要咖啡还是要可可?

—Either will do. 都行。

Is she sleeping, reading or watching TV? 他是在睡觉,还是在看书,还是在看电视?

—Shall I come to get you or shall we meet at the station?

我来接你还是我们在车站见面?

—Let's meet at the station. 咱们在车站见面吧。

—Where are you supposed to spend your summer vacation, in Qingdao or in Dalian?

你打算在哪儿度暑假,青岛还是大连?

—In Qingdao. 青岛。

在一般疑问句后加or not或者用or连接一般疑问句的一个肯定形式和一个否定形式,
也可构成选择疑问句。例如:
Are the children coming out of the park or going into it?

孩子们是正从公园里出来还是正在往里走?

769. W: Is that man fat or thin?

翻译:那个男人是胖还是瘦?

难点: fat adj. 胖的;thin adj. 瘦的。

M: He's not thin. He's fat.

翻译:他不瘦。他很胖。

(第一册,L10)

770. W:Is Steven hot or cold?

翻译:史蒂文是热还是冷?

难点: hot adj. 热的;cold adj. 冷的。

M: He's not cold. He's hot.

翻译:他不冷。他很热。

(第一册,L10)

771. W: Is that air hostess young or old?

翻译:那个空姐是年轻还是年老?

难点: old adj. 老的;young adj. 年轻的。

M: She's not old. She's young.

翻译:她不老。她很年轻。

(第一册,L10)

772. W: Is that woman thin or fat?


翻译:那个女人是瘦还是胖?

难点: woman n. 女人。

M: She's not fat. She's thin.

翻译:她不胖。她很瘦。

(第一册,L10)

773. W: Is Emma cold or hot?

翻译:艾玛是冷还是热?

M: She's not hot. She's cold.

翻译:她不热。她很冷。

(第一册,L10)

774. W:Is that policewoman short or tall?

翻译:那个女警察是矮还是高?

难点: tall adj. 高的;short adj. 矮的。

M: She's not tall. She's short.

翻译:她不高。她很矮。

(第一册,L10)

775. W:Is that milkman old or young?

翻译:那个送奶工是年老还是年轻?

M: He's not young. He's old.

翻译:他不年轻。他已老了。

(第一册,L10)
776. W:Is that mechanic dirty or clean?

翻译:那个机械师是脏还是干净?

难点: dirty adj.脏的;clean adj. 干净的。

M: He's not clean. He's dirty.

翻译:他不干净。他很脏。

(第一册,L10)

777. W:Is that policeman tall or short?

翻译:那个警察是高还是矮?

M: He's not short. He's tall.

翻译:他不矮。他很高。

(第一册,L10)

778. W:Is that nurse clean or dirty?

翻译:那个护士是干净还是脏?

M: She's not dirty. She's clean.

翻译:她不脏。她很干净。

(第一册,L10)

779. BUTCHER: Do you want beef or lamb?

翻译:肉商:您要牛肉还是要羔羊肉?

解构:Do(谓)you(主)want(谓)beef(宾)or(连)lamb?(宾)

难点: beef n. 牛肉;lamb n. 羔羊肉;这是一个选择疑问句,第一选择beef读升调,第二选择lamb


读降调。

780. MRS. BIRD: Beef, please.


翻译:伯德夫人:请给我牛肉。

解构:Beef,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: 省略句。

(第一册,L49)

781. HANS: Is it cold or warm in autumn?

翻译:汉斯:秋季的天气是冷还是暖呢?

解构:Is(系)it(主)cold(表)or(连)warm(表)in autumn?(状)

难点: Is it cold or warm in autumn? 这句话是选择疑问句,它的构成是一般疑问句+or+选择部分;


对于选择疑问句的回答要用陈述句的肯定形式,不能用yes/no来回答;cold adj. 寒冷的。

782. DIMITRI: It's always warm in September and October. It's often cold in November
and it rains sometimes.

翻译:迪米特里:九月和十月总是很暖和,十一月常常就冷了,而且有时下雨。

解构:It(主)'s(系)always(状)warm(表)in September and October.(状)


It(主)'s(系)often(状)cold(表)in November(状)and(连)it(主)rains(谓)
sometimes.(状)

难点: September n. 九月;October n. 十月;November n. 十一月;rain vi. 下雨。

(第一册,L51)

783. SHOP ASSISTANT: Do you want the large size or the small size?

翻译:售货员:您要大号的还是小号的?

解构:Do(谓)you(主)want(谓)the large size(宾)or(连)the small size?


(宾)

难点: 这句话是选择疑问句,or前的size读升调,后面的读降调;or conj. 表示选择、或者、还是;


size n. 尺寸。
784. LADY: The large size, please.

翻译:女士:请拿大号的。

解构:The large size,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: 这是省略句。

(第一册,L59)

785. CAROL: I must go to the grocer's. We haven't got much tea or coffee, and we haven't
got any sugar or jam.

翻译:卡罗尔:我得去一下食品店。我们的茶叶和咖啡不多了,糖和果酱也没有
了。

解构:I(主)must go(谓)to the grocer's.(状)We(主)haven't got(谓)much tea


or coffee,(宾)and(连)we(主)haven't got(谓)any sugar or jam.(宾)

难点: have got(与have同义)有;jam n. 果酱。

(第一册,L79)

786. W: Is he a doctor or a dentist?

翻译:他是医生还是牙医?

M: He can't be a doctor. He must be a dentist.

翻译:他不可能是医生。他肯定是牙医。

(第一册,L128)

787. W: Is she Danish or Norwegian?

翻译:她是丹麦人还是挪威人?

M: She can't be Danish. She must be Norwegian.

翻译:她不可能是丹麦人。她肯定是挪威人。
(第一册,L128)

788. W: Are they listening to the stereo or watching television?

翻译:他们正在听音响还是在看电视?

M: They can't be listening to the stereo. They must be watching television.

翻译:他们不可能在听音响。他们肯定在看电视。

(第一册,L128)

789. W: Is it the 1st or the 2nd today?

翻译:今天是1号还是2号?

M: It can't be the 1st. It must be the 2nd.

翻译:今天不可能是1号。今天肯定是2号。

(第一册,L128)

790. W: Are they Austrian or German?

翻译:他们是奥地利人还是德国人?

M: They can't be Austrian. They must be German.

翻译:他们不可能是奥地利人。他们肯定是德国人。

(第一册,L128)

791. W: Is she 32 or 30?

翻译:她是32岁还是30岁?

M: She can't be 32. She must be 30.

翻译:她不可能32岁。她肯定是30岁。

(第一册,L128)
792. W: Is it cheap or expensive?

翻译:它是便宜还是贵?

M: It can't be cheap. It must be expensive.

翻译:它不可能便宜。它肯定贵。

(第一册,L128)

793. W: Is he shaving or having a bath?

翻译:他是在刮脸还是在洗澡?

M: He can't be shaving. He must be having a bath.

翻译:他不可能在刮脸。他肯定在洗澡。

(第一册,L128)

794. W: Is he the oldest or the youngest in the family?

翻译:他是家中最大的还是最小的?

M: He can't be the oldest. He must be the youngest.

翻译:他不可能是最大的。他肯定是最小的。

(第一册,L128)

795. W: Are they mechanics or engineers?

翻译:他们是机械师还是工程师?

M: They can't be mechanics. They must be engineers.

翻译:他们不可能是机械师。他们肯定是工程师。

(第一册,L128)

796. W: Was he a conductor or a bus driver?


翻译:他那时是售票员还是公共汽车司机?

M: He can't have been a conductor. He must have been a bus driver.

翻译:他那时不可能是售票员。他那时肯定是公共汽车司机。

(第一册,L130)

797. W: Was she Chinese or Japanese?

翻译:她那时是中国人还是日本人?

M: She can't have been Chinese. She must have been Japanese.

翻译:她那时不可能是中国人。她那时肯定是日本人。

(第一册,L130)

798. W: Were they listening to the stereo or watching television?

翻译:他们那时在听音响还是在看电视?

M: They can't have been listening to the stereo. They must have been watching television.

翻译:他们那时不可能在听音响。他们那时肯定在看电视。

(第一册,L130)

799. W: Was it the 24th or the 25th yesterday?

翻译:昨天是24号还是25号?

M: It can't have been the 24th. It must have been the 25th.

翻译:昨天不可能是24号。昨天肯定是25号。

(第一册,L130)

800. W: Were they English or American?

翻译:他们是英国人还是美国人?
M: They can't have been English. They must have been American.

翻译:他们那时不可能是英国人。他们那时肯定是美国人。

(第一册,L130)

801. W: Was your pencil sharp or blunt?

翻译:刚才你的铅笔是尖还是钝?

M: It can't have been sharp. It must have been blunt.

翻译:刚才它不可能是尖的。它刚才肯定很钝。

(第一册,L130)

802. W: Was she dusting the table or sweeping the floor?

翻译:她那时是在掸桌上的灰还是在扫地?

M: She can't have been dusting the table. She must have been sweeping the floor.

翻译:她那时不可能在掸桌上的灰。她那时肯定在扫地。

(第一册,L130)

803. W: Was he the oldest or the youngest in the family?

翻译:他那时是家中最大的还是最小的?

M: He can't have been the oldest. He must have been the youngest.

翻译:他那时不可能是家中最大的。他那时肯定是家中最小的。

(第一册,L130)

804. W: Was she 20 or 25?

翻译:她那时是20岁还是25岁?

M: She can't have been 20. She must have been 25.
翻译:她那时不可能是20岁。她那时肯定是25岁。

(第一册,L130)

805. W: Were they mechanics or engineers?

翻译:他们那时是机械师还是工程师?

M: They can't have been mechanics. They must have been engineers.

翻译:他们那时不可能是机械师。他们那时肯定是工程师。

(第一册,L130)

806. MARTIN: Will you travel by sea or by air?

翻译:马丁:你们乘船去,还是乘飞机去?

解构:Will(谓)you(主)travel(谓)by sea or by air?(状)

难点: by prep.(表示方法、手段)靠,用,通过。

附加疑问句
附加疑问句是疑问句中的一种,也称为反义疑问句。附加疑问句在结构上由两部分组
成:前半部分是陈述句,后半部分是简略的疑问句。一般来说,如前半部分是肯定形式,
那后半部分是否定的简略问句;如前半部分是否定形式,那后半部分是肯定的简略问句。
从意义上讲,附加疑问句就是说话者提出情况和看法,问对方同意不同意,这就是我们常
说的表示反义的意思。但有时附加疑问句不一定表示反义,它只是提出一个事实让听话人
承认。有时这种句子还以同向结构的形式出现,也可叫同向附加疑问句,即:“肯定+肯
定”和“否定+否定”。它们分别表示得出结论或关注或挑衅等的意思。

807. GRANDMOTHER: Is that all? He doesn't say very much, does he?

翻译:祖母:就这些吗?他没写许多,是吗?

解构:Is(系)that(主)all?(表)He(主)doesn't say(谓)very much,(状)


does(谓)he?(主)
难点: He doesn't say very much, does he? 这是英文中的反义疑问句,它是由两部分组成的,前面是
一个陈述句,逗号之后是一个简略问句。反义疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断,获取真实的信息,还可
以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。如果前一部分陈述句是肯定形式,简略问句就要用否定形式;如果前一
部分是否定形式,后一部分则用肯定形式。

(第一册,L101)

808. GRAHAM TURNER: You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you?

翻译:格雷厄姆·特纳:你是工程师约翰·史密斯,对吗?

解构:You(主)are(系)John Smith,(表)the engineer,(同位语)aren't(系)you?


(主)

难点: aren't you是吗?对吗?

(第一册,L139)

809. KATE: That was a long time ago, wasn't it?

翻译:凯特:那是好久以前的事了,是吗?

解构:That(主)was(系)a long time ago,(表)wasn't(系)it?(主)

(第一册,L127)

810. LIZ: That's sensational news, isn't it, Kate?

翻译:莉兹:凯特,这真是条轰动的消息,是不是?

解构:That(主)'s(系)sensational(定)news,(表)isn't(系)it,(主)Kate?
(呼)

难点: sensational adj. 轰动的。

(第一册,L133)

811. GRAHAM TURNER: That is John Smith, isn't it?

翻译:格雷厄姆·特纳:你是约翰·史密斯,对吗?
解构:That(主)is(系)John Smith,(表)isn't(系)it?(主)

难点: isn't it相当于isn't it right我说的对吗?

812. JOHN SMITH: Yes, I'm John Smith.

翻译:约翰·史密斯:是的,我是约翰·史密斯。

解构:Yes,(答)I(主)'m(系)John Smith.(表)

(第一册,L139)

813. SCOTT: It's not you, is it?

翻译:斯科特:这不是你,对吗?

解构:It(主)'s not(系)you,(表)is(系)it?(表)

难点: 反义疑问句,附在陈述句之后,对陈述句所说事实提出相反的疑问,表示怀疑和没有把
握。一般应用yes或no来回答。陈述句是肯定结构,反义疑问句应用否定结构,反之亦然。关于陈述句是
否为否定结构,应由内容决定,不要受汉语的“是”与“不是”的影响。

(第一册,L123)
第九章 其他

感叹句
感叹句用来表示说话人的惊奇、喜悦、愤怒、厌恶、热情、焦急等情绪。感叹句在口
头表达时用降调,书写时句尾用感叹号。

→用what引导的感叹句

用what引导的感叹句的结构是“What+adj.+n.+S+V”。在这种感叹句中,what是限定
词,用来修饰名词,其主谓语用正常语序。

1. CHARLOTTE: What a pity!

翻译:夏洛特:真遗憾!

解构:What(状)a pity!(表)

难点: 真遗憾。英语中常用“What a +可数名词”和“What+不可数名词”的结构来表示感叹。

(第一册,L109)

2. SCOTT: What a beautiful ship!

翻译:斯科特:多漂亮的船啊!

解构:What(状)a beautiful(定)ship!(主)

难点: 感叹句有两种形式:What a beautiful ship!和How beautiful the ship is! beautiful adj. 美丽的。

(第一册,L123)

→其他类型的感叹句

有时,一个陈述句、祈使句或疑问句,甚至一个分句、一个词组或一个单词,通过加
强语气,辅以相应的表情、动作,都可表现说话人的喜、怒、哀、乐等各种情绪,加之句
末用感叹号后,也就是感叹句了。例如:
Carry on! Carry on! Things never were looming so black.But show that you haven't a
cowardly streak. And though you're unlucky you never are weak.Carry on! Carry
on!Brace up for another attack.

坚持下去!坚持下去!虽然道路艰险,前所未见,壮起胆来,证明你毫无怯意。
你虽不走运,却从不软弱。坚持下去!坚持下去!振作精神迎接第二次攻击。

—— R. W. Service 塞维斯

Ah! Youth, youth! Maybe all your great secret lies not in your being able to do everything
your dreaming to do everything.

啊!青春,青春!或许你美妙的全部奥秘不在于能够做出一切,而在于希望做出
一切。

—— Turgenev 屠格涅夫

3. MRS. WILLIAMS: Friday, Saturday and Sunday in the country! Aren't you lucky!

翻译:威廉斯夫人:星期五、星期六和星期日在乡下过!你们真幸运啊!

解构:Friday, Saturday and Sunday in the country!(状)Aren't(系)you(主)lucky!


(表)

难点: Aren't you lucky! 这句话是否定疑问句形式的感叹句,为的是加强语气。尽管形式上是否定


的,但却表示强有力的肯定;lucky adj. 幸运的。

(第一册,L67)

4. LOUISE: That is a lovely hat!

翻译:路易丝:真是一顶可爱的帽子!

解构:That(主)is(系)a lovely(定)hat!(表)

难点: lovely adj. 可爱的。

(第一册,L13)
祈使句
祈使句是一种结构与意义相结合的句法形态,用动词的祈使式表示命令、请求等多种
意思,其主要特征是:第一,第二人称主语是任选的,通常不表示出来,需要表示出来的
主语受到一定条件的限制;第二,谓语动词没有时态变化;第三,谓语动词(包括动词be
和have)的否定式表示强调需加助动词do构成。

在大多数情况下,祈使句的主语为听话人,即第二人称you,这是不言而喻的,因此
通常主语不表示出来。例如:

Beg your pardon. 对不起,请再说一遍。

Fancy inviting guests and not treating them properly!

没想到你们请了客人,而又没有很好地招待他们!

5. MRS. JONES: Then put these clothes in the wardrobe.

翻译:琼斯夫人:然后把这些衣服放进衣橱里去。

解构:Then(状)put(谓)these clothes(宾)in the wardrobe.(状)

难点: then adv. 那么,然后(用来承上启下);put v. 放置,常与名词或代词相连,再接一个表示


位置的副词或介词短语,表示“把……放在……”的意思;clothes n. 衣服;wardrobe n. 衣柜,衣橱。

(第一册,L29)

6. Don't drop it!

翻译:别摔了!

难点: 这是一个祈使句,英文中需要用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议和愿望等;祈使句的否
定形式则由don't加上动词原形构成;drop v. 掉下。

(第一册,L39)

7. SAM: Don't do that. Give it to me.

翻译:萨姆:不要放在那儿。把它给我。
解构:Don't do(谓)that.(宾)Give(谓)it(宾)to me.(宾)

难点: that pron. 那,那个;give vt. 给,授予。

(第一册,L39)

8. PENNY: Be careful! Don't drop it!

翻译:彭妮:小心点!别摔了!

解构:Be(系)careful!(表)Don't drop(谓)it!(宾)

难点: Be careful! 小心点!这个固定结构常用来提醒他人可能发生的事故或困难;careful adj. 小心


的,仔细的。

(第一册,L39)

9. PENNY: Don't put it there, Sam. Put it here, on this shelf.

翻译:彭妮:别放在那儿,萨姆。放在这儿,这个架子上。

解构:Don't put(谓)it(宾)there,(状)Sam.(呼)Put(谓)it(宾)here,(状)
on this shelf.(状)

难点: shelf n. 架子,搁板。

(第一册,L39)

10. TOM: Hello, Sam. Have a cigarette.

翻译:汤姆:你好,萨姆。请抽烟。

解构:Hello,(招呼语)Sam.(呼)Have(谓)a cigarette.(宾)

难点: Have a cigarette. 祈使句;cigarette n. 香烟。

11. SAM: No, thanks, Tom.

翻译:萨姆:不,谢谢,汤姆。

解构:No,(答)thanks,(插入语)Tom.(呼)
难点: 拒绝并表示感谢。

(第一册,L81)

12. CAROL: Hello, Sam. Come in.

翻译:卡罗尔:你好,萨姆。进来吧。

解构:Hello,(招呼语)Sam.(呼)Come in.(谓)

难点: Come in. 祈使句。

(第一册,L83)

13. CAROL: Have a cup of coffee then.

翻译:卡罗尔:那么喝杯咖啡吧。

解构:Have(谓)a cup of coffee(宾)then.(状)

难点: 表示建议。

(第一册,L83)

14. SCOTT: Let me see it, Mike.

翻译:斯科特:让我看看,迈克。

解构:Let(谓)me(宾)see it,(宾补)Mike.(呼)

(第一册,L123)

15. PETER: Yes. Look out of the window.

翻译:彼得:是的。你看看窗外。

解构:Yes.(答)Look out of(谓)the window.(宾)

(第一册,L125)

16. Look at...
翻译:看……

难点: look at意为“看……”,强调看的动作,这是一句祈使句,表示直接的命令、建议、告诫等意


图,省略主语you,动词用原形。

(第一册,L10)

17. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Your passports, please.

翻译:海关官员:请出示你们的护照。

解构:Your passports,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: 这是一个省略的祈使句,完整的句子是:Give me your passports, please.

(第一册,L15)

18. Give me/him/her/us/them a...

翻译:给我/他/她/我们/他们一……

难点: 这是祈使句;give v. 给;me/him等是间接宾语(一般为宾格代词);a后面是直接宾语(一


般为事物);此句也可改为:Give a...to me/him/her/us/them。

(第一册,L22)

19. Don't...! You mustn't...!

翻译:不要……!你不应该……!

难点: 此句是祈使句的否定形式;mustn't意为“不应该,不许”,否定语气很强,表示说话人强烈的
要求或命令。

(第一册,L64)

20. W: Don't take any aspirins!

翻译:不要吃阿斯匹林!

M: You mustn't take any aspirins.


翻译:你不应该吃阿斯匹林。

(第一册,L64)

21. W: Don't take this medicine!

翻译:不要吃这药!

M: You mustn't take this medicine.

翻译:你不应该吃这药。

(第一册,L64)

22. W: Don't call the doctor!

翻译:不要叫医生!

M: You mustn't call the doctor.

翻译:你不应该叫医生。

(第一册,L64)

23. W: Don't play with matches!

翻译:不要玩火柴!

难点: play v. 玩;match n. 火柴。

M: You mustn't play with matches.

翻译:你不应该玩火柴。

(第一册,L64)

24. W: Don't talk in the library!

翻译:不要在图书馆里说话!

难点: talk v. 谈话;library n. 图书馆。


M: You mustn't talk in the library.

翻译:你不应该在图书馆里说话。

(第一册,L64)

25. W: Don't make a noise.

翻译:不要吵闹。

M: You mustn't make a noise.

翻译:你不应该吵闹。

(第一册,L64)

26. W: Don't drive so quickly!

翻译:不要开那么快!

难点: drive v. 开车;so adv. 如此地;quickly adv. 快地。

M: You mustn't drive so quickly.

翻译:你不应该开那么快。

(第一册,L64)

27. W: Don't lean out of the window!

翻译:不要把身子探出窗户!

难点: lean out of身体探出。

M: You mustn't lean out of the window.

翻译:你不应该把身子探出窗户。

(第一册,L64)

28. W: Don't break that vase!


翻译:不要打破那个花瓶!

难点: break v. 打破。

M: You mustn't break that vase.

翻译:你不应该打破那个花瓶。

(第一册,L64)

29. CONDUCTOR: Fares, please!

翻译:售票员:请买票!

解构:Fares,(宾)please!(插入语)

难点: 请买票!这是公共车辆售票员用语;conductor n. 售票员。

30. MAN: Trafalgar Square, please.

翻译:男子:请买一张到特拉法加广场的票。

解构:Trafalgar Square,(宾)please.(插入语)

难点: square n. 广场。

(第一册,L113)

31. Excuse me!

翻译:对不起!

难点: excuse v. 原谅;me pron. 我(I的宾格,人称代词,用作动词或介词的宾语,这是个祈使


句。口语中也可以独立使用,如:Me, too)。

32. Excuse me!

翻译:对不起!

解构:Excuse(谓)me!(宾)

难点: Excuse me! 是客套语,作“对不起”讲时,常用于要走开或表示异议、插话等场合;相当于I


am sorry. 我很抱歉。

(第一册,L1)

33. MRS. JONES: Then make the bed.

翻译:琼斯夫人:再把床整理一下。

解构:Then(状)make(谓)the bed.(宾)

难点: make the bed铺床;make vt. 整理。

(第一册,L29)

34. MRS. JONES: Dust the dressing table.

翻译:琼斯夫人:掸掉梳妆台上的灰尘。

解构:Dust(谓)the dressing(定)table.(宾)

难点: dust v. 掸掉灰尘。

(第一册,L29)

35. MRS. JONES: Then sweep the floor.

翻译:琼斯夫人:然后扫扫地。

解构:Then(状)sweep(谓)the floor.(宾)

难点: sweep v. 扫,打扫,清扫;floor n. 地板,楼层。

(第一册,L29)

36. M: Open your desk.

翻译:打开你的课桌。

(第一册,L30)

37. W: ...put on.


翻译:……戴上。

难点: put on戴上。

M: Put on your watch.

翻译:戴上你的手表。

(第一册,L30)

38. W: ...turn on.

翻译:……开。

难点: turn on开(电灯)。

M: Turn on the light.

翻译:打开灯。

(第一册,L30)

39. W: ...shut.

翻译:……关。

M: Shut your handbag.

翻译:关上你的手提包。

(第一册,L30)

40. W: ...take off.

翻译:……脱掉。

难点: take off脱掉。

M: Take off your shoes.

翻译:脱掉你的鞋子。
(第一册,L30)

41. W: ...turn off.

翻译:……关掉。

难点: turn off 关(电灯、水龙头等)。

M: Turn off the tap.

翻译:关掉水龙头。

(第一册,L30)

42. W: ...sweep.

翻译:……打扫。

M: Sweep the bedroom.

翻译:打扫卧室。

(第一册,L30)

43. W: ...clean.

翻译:……清洗。

M: Clean the windows.

翻译:清洗窗户。

(第一册,L30)

44. W: ...dust.

翻译:……掸掉灰尘。

M: Dust the keyboard.

翻译:掸掉键盘上的灰尘。
(第一册,L30)

45. W: ...empty.

翻译:……倒空。

难点: empty v. 倒空,使……变空。

M: Empty the suitcase.

翻译:把箱子倒空。

(第一册,L30)

46. W: ...read.

翻译:……读。

难点: read v. 读。

M: Read this magazine.

翻译:看杂志。

(第一册,L30)

47. W:...sharpen.

翻译:……削尖。

难点: sharpen v. 削尖,使锋利。

M: Sharpen these knives.

翻译:把这些刀磨锋利。

(第一册,L30)

判断句
判断是人的思维活动的一种形式。在认识客观世界的过程中,我们常要运用判断这一
思维形式。人们在对客观事物有所认识的基础上,会对其类属、状态、性质、特征得出某
种见解,形成肯定的或否定的判断。陈述这种判断的句子叫判断句。

从句子的功能上看,判断句属于陈述句的范畴,可以被用来说明一种情况,提出一种
看法或表达一种心情。

→一般判断句

一般判断句是英语中最基本、最典型的判断句式,其结构为S+V+P,即:“主语+连系
动词+表语”。一般判断句的用途很广泛,除了可以说明事情、提出看法、表达情绪、进行
推断外,还可以用来下定义、举例证、分类别、作概括、下结论等等。例如:

Time is the most valuable treasure among all.

时间是一切财富中最宝贵的财富。

—— Diovrusdot 狄奥弗拉斯多

Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。

—— Bacon 培根

Our life is made by time. To waste one minute is to waste part of our life.

我们的生命皆由时间构成的。片刻时间的浪费,便是虚掷了一部分的生命。

—— Lincoln 林肯

Love is life in its fullness like the cup with its wine.

爱就是充实了的生命,犹如盛满了酒的酒杯。

—— Tagore 泰戈尔

一般判断句的主语

一般判断句的主语除了如以上各例所示那样可用名词、代词担任外,还可以用数
词、-ing分词、不定式、特殊的词组以及分句等担任。

一般判断句的连系动词
一般判断句说明的是主语的性状,而不是动作,因此句中的动词不用动态动词,而用
静态动词,或者说是需要表语的不及物动词,即连系动词。连系动词虽然本身有词义,但
不能单独作谓语,而要与表语一起构成复合谓语。其作用是把主语与说明主语的表语连系
起来,故称为连系动词。

最常用、最重要的连系动词是be,在很多情况下,be相当于一个等号(=),意
为“是”。除be之外,还有一小部分及物动词和不及物动词也可以用作连系动词。连系动词
可以分为以下三类:

一、现状连系动词

这一类连系动词以be(是)为代表,表示主语属于某种类别,处于某种状态或具备某
种性质。除“be”外,它们还包括appear(显得,看来),feel(感觉到,摸上去觉得),
lie(处于某种状态),look(看起来,看来像是),prove(证明是,表明是),ring(听
上去,听起来是),seem(似乎是,好像是),smell(闻起来觉得,发出……气味),
sound(听起来),stand(处于),taste(尝起来,有……味)等。

二、持续状连系动词

这一类连系动词以remain(仍是)为代表,表示主语维持某种状态或性质。除remain
外,还包括continue(仍旧,继续),hold(继续,保持),keep(保持,继续),
rest(依然是,保持),stay(保持)以及lie(保留,保持),sit(坐落,位于),
stand(位置,状态),rank(属于某等级)等。

三、结果连系动词

这一类连系动词以become(成为)为代表,表示主语经过变化产生了某种结果,进
入了某种状态,或具备了某种性质。除become外,它们还有come(成为),fall(变得,
成为),go(变为),get(逐渐变得),grow(渐渐变得),make(成为),run(变
为,变得),turn(变成),turn out(结果是,最后情况是),wax(变成)以及
prove(证明),wear(磨损,变旧),work(造成,产生)等。

48. This is not my umbrella.

翻译:这不是我的伞。

解构:This(主)is not(系)my umbrella.(表)


难点: not adv. 不。

(第一册,L3)

49. MR. BLAKE: This is Miss Sophie Dupont.

翻译:布莱克先生:这位是索菲娅·杜邦小姐。

解构:This(主)is(系)Miss Sophie Dupont.(表)

难点: 给别人引见时,无论男女都用This is..., May I introduce... 或者I'd like you to meet...; Miss小
姐。

50. Sophie is a new student. She is French.

翻译:索菲娅是个新学生。她是法国人。

解构:Sophie(主)is(系)a new(定)student.(表)She(主)is(系)French.
(表)

难点: 英语中的名词前面通常有冠词,a/an是不定冠词,均用于修饰可数单数名词或集合名词,a
用于辅音前,an用于元音前;new adj. 新的;student n. 学生;she pron. 她;French adj. & n. 法国人
(的);法国语。

51. MR. BLAKE: Sophie, this is Hans. He is German.

翻译:布莱克先生:索菲娅,这位是汉斯。他是德国人。

解构:Sophie,(呼)this(主)is(系)Hans.(表)He(主)is(系)German.(表)

难点: German adj. & n. 德国人(的)。

(第一册,L5)

52. MR. BLAKE: And this is Naoko. She's Japanese.

翻译:布莱克先生:这位是直子。她是日本人。

解构:And(连)this(主)is(系)Naoko.(表)She(主)'s(系)Japanese.(表)

难点: Japanese adj. & n. 日本人(的),'s是is的缩写形式。


(第一册,L5)

53. MR. BLAKE: And this is Chang-woo. He's Korean.

翻译:布莱克先生:这位是昌宇。他是韩国人。

解构:And(连)this(主)is(系)Chang-woo.(表)He(主)'s(系)Korean.
(表)

难点: Korean adj. & n. 韩国人。

(第一册,L5)

54. MR. BLAKE: And this is Luming. He's Chinese.

翻译:布莱克先生:这位是鲁明。他是中国人。

解构:And(连)this(主)is(系)Luming.(表)He(主)'s(系)Chinese.(表)

难点: Chinese adj. & n. 中国人(的)。

(第一册,L5)

55. MR. BLAKE: And this is Xiaohui. She's Chinese, too.

翻译:布莱克先生:这位是晓惠。她也是中国人。

解构:And(连)this(主)is(系)Xiaohui.(表)She(主)'s(系)Chinese,(表)
too(状)

难点: too adv. 表示“也”,习惯上放在肯定句的句末,其前用逗号。

(第一册,L5)

56. ROBERT: I am a new student. My name's Robert.

翻译:罗伯特:我是个新学生。我的名字叫罗伯特。

解构:I(主)am(系)a new(定)student.(表)My name(主)'s(系)Robert.


(表)
难点: I pron. 我。am v. 是be动词;这是自我介绍时所用的句型,介绍他人时用This is...; name n. 名
字,姓名。

(第一册,L7)

57. SOPHIE: Nice to meet you. My name's Sophie.

翻译:索菲娅:很高兴见到你。我的名字叫索菲娅。

解构:Nice to meet you.(招呼语)My name(主)'s(系)Sophie.(表)

难点: Nice to meet you. 是互不认识的人初次见面并被互相介绍后的寒暄用语;答语也常用Nice to


meet you. 熟人久别后意外遇见时,也可以用这个句子表达对对方的问候。

(第一册,L7)

58. DAVE: This is my shirt. My shirt's blue.

翻译:戴夫:这是我的衬衫。我的衬衫是蓝色的。

解构:This(主)is(系)my shirt.(表)My shirt(主)'s(系)blue.(表)

难点: blue adj. 蓝色的。

(第一册,L11)

59. MR. JACKSON: This is Nicola Grey, and this is Claire Taylor.

翻译:杰克逊先生:这位是尼古拉·格雷,这位是克莱尔·泰勒。

解构:This(主)is(系)Nicola Grey,(表)and(连)this(主)is(系)Claire
Taylor.(表)

难点: 这是介绍他人的句型;Claire克莱尔(女子名,Clara的异体)。

(第一册,L17)

60. Mrs. Smith's living room is large.

翻译:史密斯太太的客厅很大。
解构:Mrs. Smith's(定)living room(主)is(系)large.(表)

难点: 单数名词和不以“-s”结尾的复数名词,其所有格形式一般在句尾加“-'s”,如woman's clothes,


以-s结尾的名词在句尾只加“ ' ”,如Teachers' Day;large adj. 宽大的。

(第一册,L27)

61. The television is near the window.

翻译:电视机靠近窗子。

解构:The television(主)is(系)near the window.(表)

难点: window n. 窗户。

(第一册,L27)

62. The armchairs are near the table.

翻译:这些扶手椅靠近桌子。

解构:The armchairs(主)are(系)near the table.(表)

难点: near prep. 靠近,在……近旁。

(第一册,L27)

63. The stereo is near the door.

翻译:音响靠近门。

解构:The stereo(主)is(系)near the door.(表)

难点: door n. 门。

(第一册,L27)

64. The pictures on the wall.

翻译:画挂在墙上。

解构:The pictures(主)are(系)on the wall.(表)


难点: on the wall在墙上,通常指的是墙的表面上;wall n. 墙壁,围墙。

(第一册,L27)

65. MR. JACKSON: This is Jim. He's our office assistant.

翻译:杰克逊先生:他是吉姆,是我们办公室的助理。

解构:This(主)is(系)Jim.(表)He(主)'s(系)our office assistant.(表)

难点: office n. 办公室,办事处;assistant n. 助手,助理。

(第一册,L17)

66. Mrs. Smith's kitchen is small.

翻译:史密斯太太的厨房很小。

解构:Mrs. Smith's(定)kitchen(主)is(系)small.(表)

难点: 当名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系时要用名词所有格,一般在名词词尾加“'s”。

(第一册,L25)

67. The refrigerator is white.

翻译:冰箱是白色的。

解构:The refrigerator(主)is(系)white.(表)

难点: white adj. 白色的。

(第一册,L25)

68. It is on the right.

翻译:它位于房间右侧。

解构:It(主)is(系)on the right.(表)

难点: 方位介词on, in的区别在于:on在……之上(表示一个物体在另一个物体的上面,两者相接


触);in在……里,在……之内,在……之中,表示某一物体在另一物体之中(表示位置、场所、地
点);right n. 右边。

(第一册,L25)

69. The cooker is blue.

翻译:电灶是蓝色的。

解构:The cooker(主)is(系)blue.(表)

难点: blue adj. 蓝色的。

(第一册,L25)

70. It is on the left.

翻译:它位于房间左侧。

解构:It(主)is(系)on the left.(表)

难点: left n. 左边。

(第一册,L25)

71. The bottle is empty.

翻译:瓶子是空的。

解构:The bottle(主)is(系)empty.(表)

难点: empty adj. 空的,反义词为full adj. 满的,充满的。

(第一册,L25)

72. The cup is clean.

翻译:杯子很干净。

解构:The cup(主)is(系)clean.(表)

难点: clean adj. 干净的,反义词为dirty adj. 脏的。


(第一册,L25)

73. MRS. JONES: This bedroom's very untidy.

翻译:琼斯夫人:这卧室太不整洁了。

解构:This bedroom(主)'s(系)very(状)untidy.(表)

难点: untidy adj. 不整齐的;bedroom n. 卧室。

(第一册,L29)

74. It is a fine day today.

翻译:今天天气好。

解构:It(主)is(系)a fine(定)day(表)today.(状)

难点: it在句中指“天气”,也可指时间、距离、金钱等,如:It's five o'clock。

(第一册,L33)

75. Mr. Jones is with his family.

翻译:琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。

解构:Mr. Jones(主)is(系)with his family.(表)

难点: with prep. 和……在一起,介词短语作表语;his pron. 他的;family n. 家庭(成员)。

(第一册,L33)

76. This is a photograph of our village.

翻译:这是我们村庄的一张照片。

解构:This(主)is(系)a photograph(表)of our village.(定)

难点: photograph n. 照片,与picture是近义词,picture作“照片”译时往往用于口语中;photograph不


能作为“图画”解释;介词of表示“……的”,它所构成的介词短语修饰前面的名词或代词的所属关系,例
如:a map of China一张中国地图。
(第一册,L35)

77. Our village is in a valley.

翻译:我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之中。

解构:Our village(主)is(系)in a valley.(表)

难点: valley n. 山谷。

(第一册,L35)

78. It is between two hills.

翻译:它位于两座小山之间。

解构:It(主)is(系)between two hills.(表)

难点: between prep. 在两者之间;between,among均有“在……之间”的意思,between用于两个


人、两件事之间,而among用于三者以上;hill n. 小山,丘陵,斜坡。

(第一册,L35)

79. The village is on a river.

翻译:它靠近一条小河。

解构:The village(主)is(系)on a river.(表)

难点: 这里on不表示“在……之上”,而是“靠近,沿着”的意思。

(第一册,L35)

80. This is the school building.

翻译:这是学校大楼。

解构:This(主)is(系)the school building.(表)

难点: school n.学校,学院; building n. 大楼,建筑物。

(第一册,L35)
81. It is beside a park.

翻译:它位于公园的旁边。

解构:It(主)is(系)beside a park.(表)

难点: beside prep. 在……旁边;park n. 公园。

(第一册,L35)

82. The park is on the right.

翻译:公园在右面。

解构:The park(主)is(系)on the right.(表)

难点: right adj. 右边。

(第一册,L35)

83. Some children are coming out of the building.

翻译:一些孩子正从楼里出来。

解构:Some children(主)are coming(谓)out of the building.(状)

难点: out adv. 在外;out of表示“从里向外”的动作。

(第一册,L35)

84. Some of them are going into the park.

翻译:他们中有几个正走进公园。

解构:Some of them(主)are going(谓)into the park.(状)

难点: 英语中,一些表示位置移动的动词如come, go, drive, fly, leave, start等通常用现在进行时表示


短期内将要发生的动作;into prep. 到……里,进入到……内。

(第一册,L35)

85. He did not understand English!


翻译:他不懂英语!

解构:He(主)did not understand(谓)English!(宾)

难点: understand (understood) v. 懂,明白。

(第一册,L73)

86. He spoke German.

翻译:他讲德语。

解构:He(主)spoke(谓)German.(宾)

难点: 讲某种语言用动词speak(spoke)讲,说。

(第一册,L73)

87. He was a tourist.

翻译:他是个旅游者。

解构:He(主)was(系)a tourist.(表)

难点: tourist n. 旅行者,旅游者。

(第一册,L73)

88. ASSISTANT: Short skirts are in fashion now.

翻译:店员:短裙现在很流行。

解构:Short skirts(主)are(系)in fashion(表)now.(状)

(第一册,L107)

89. W:This woman is short.

翻译:这个女人很矮。

(第一册,L108)
90. W:These cars are cheap.

翻译:这些小汽车很便宜。

(第一册,L108)

91. W:These office assistants are lazy.

翻译:这些办公室助理很懒。

(第一册,L108)

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