MODULE 2 – LESSON 1:

SOLVE PROBLEMS
INVOLVING
POLYNOMIAL
FUNCTIONS
 Learning Competency:
Solve Problems Involving Polynomial
Functions

GUIDE CARD

Good morning class! Before

we start, I will announce the
result of your exam.

Only two of you got a Thank you Sir and

perfect score in the exam. Jimmy. Yey! Ultralord,
Jimmy and Sheen! here I come!

Keep up the good work

guys! You can still do better
I promise to get
in the next exam
higher scores next
time Sir!
But of course, Carl. Just
study your lessons regularly.

Mr. Peña noticed that Cindy is not in the mood.

What’s the matter Cindy?

Care to share?
My dear every problem
has its solutions. Listen to
our lesson today so you
may be able to think of
solutions to your Dad’s
business.
I’m worried about my
Dad’s business. It seems
that there is a problem
about the business sales.
I will Sir! Thanks for the
advice.

Today, we will talk about the real-life application of

polynomial functions. Let’s have the first problem.

Retroville is located at Texas, USA. The average population (in

thousands) of the city from 2010 to 2020, P, can be modeled by the
polynomial function P(t) = 0.35t 3 + 0.8t2 + 20t + 190, where t is the
number of years since 2010.
a. Determine the average population of the city every two (2) years.
b. Graph and describe the trend of population for the past 10 years.
 How are we going to
solve it considering that
Yes, we are not
we are not
demographers. Instead,
demographers, Sir?
we are problem solvers.

To determine the average population, use table of values. The

population is the dependent variable while the number of years is
the independent variable. Consider the table of values below.

Number of Years (t) 0 2 4 6 8 10

Population (P) in thousands 190

Substitute the number of years in the given function to

determine the average population. If we substitute 0
to the given function, the answer is the constant term
(190). Any number multiply to 0, the answer is 0.

If t = 2, then
P(t) = 0.35t3 + 0.8t2 + 20t + 190
P(2) = 0.35(2)3 + 0.8(2)2 + 20(2) + 190
P(2) = 0.35(8) + 0.8(4) + 40 +190
P(2) = 2.8 + 3.2 + 40 + 190
P(2) = 236
If t = 4, then
P(t) = 0.35t3 + 0.8t2 + 20t + 190
P(4) = 0.35(4)3 + 0.8(4)2 + 20(4) + 190
P(4) = 0.35(64) + 0.8(16) + 80 +190
P(4) = 22.4 + 12.8 + 80 + 190
P(4) = 305.2

If t = 6, then
P(t) = 0.35t3 + 0.8t2 – 20t + 190
P(6) = 0.35(6)3 + 0.8(6)2 + 20(6) + 190
P(6) = 0.35(216) + 0.8(36) + 120 +190
P(6) = 75.6 + 28.8 + 120 + 190
P(6) = 414.4
If t = 8, then
P(t) = 0.35t3 + 0.8t2 – 20t + 190
P(8) = 0.35(8)3 + 0.8(8)2 + 20(8) + 190
P(8) = 0.35(512) + 0.8(64) + 160 +190
P(8) = 179.2 + 51.2 + 160 + 190
P(8) = 580.4

If t = 10, then
P(t) = 0.35t3 + 0.8t2 – 20t + 190
P(10) = 0.35(10)3 + 0.8(10)2 + 20(10) +
190
P(10) = 0.35(1000) + 0.8(100) + 200 +190
P(10) = 350 + 80 + 200 + 190
P(10) = 820
 To make it easier to view
and to understand, let’s I was about to ask you
summarize it using a table. that because I’m a bit
confused.
Don’t get confused. Okay,
let’s continue.

Number of Years (t) 0 2 4 6 8 10

Population (P) in thousands 190 236 305.2 414.4 580.4 820

The graph of this function is shown below.

Retroville Population Chart (2010-2020)

Population (in Thousands)

1000
800
600
400
200
0
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Number of Years

Carl, what can you say

about the population of I observe that the
Retroville? population of the city
has increased almost 5
times for the past 10 years.
Very good Carl! Let’s
move on to the next
problem.

Reimar is an OFW in Dubai who plans to go back home to

spend Christmas with his family at the end of the year. He has
bought gifts kept in a large rectangular box for his loved
ones. The width of the box is two feet shorter than its height,
while the length is two feet longer than its height.
a. Express the volume in terms of x.
b. The volume of the box is 105 cubic feet, find the
dimensions of the box.
To express the volume of the box in terms of x, we have to translate the
verbal phrase into mathematical phrase.

Based from the problem, the width of the box is two feet shorter than its
height. Then, let x be the height and x – 2 be the width. While, the length is
two feet longer than its height may be translated as x + 2.

The volume of a rectangular prism is given by the formula V = lwh, where

l is the length, w is the width, and h is the height. Putting these terms together,
the volume of the box in terms of x is:

V = lwh Substitute the given terms.

V = (x + 2)(x – 2)(x) Multiply.
V = x3 – 4x
Thus, the volume of the box in terms of x is V = x 3 – 4x.

Next, we solve for the dimensions of the box since the volume is given. To do
this, substitute the volume of the box to the function. That is, V = x 3 – 4x, will
become x3 – 4x = 105.

After that, we equate to 0 to make it as an equation.

x3 – 4x = 105 Transpose 105 to the left side.

x3 – 4x – 105 = 0 Factor the equation.

To factor the equation, we need to list down the factors of 105. Looking at
the unit digit, we can obviously say that it is divisible by 5.

To check if 5 is a factor of the given equation, we use synthetic division.

5 1 0 -4 -105
5 25 105
1 5 21 0 Remainder

Now, we will rewrite the quotient as coefficient of x. The degree of the

leading coefficient is one less than the degree of the dividend. The equation
will now become x2 + 5x + 21 = 0. Factoring this equation would not give us
rational roots. This means that the only rational root of the equation is 5. This
root will serve as the height of the box.

Substituting the value of x, the width measures 3 feet and the length
measures 7 feet. Therefore, the dimension of the box is 7 ft. by 3 ft. by 5 ft.
Multiplying these three will give a product of 105 which is the volume of the
box.
 ACTIVITY CARD

Did you understand the

process of solving Hmmm. I think so, Sir. But
problems, Cindy? will you help me with my
problem?
Let’s help Cindy with her
problem. Ready?

1 PROFIT MATTERS!

Vortex Seafood Restaurant has been a well-known restaurant in the city of

Retroville since 1980. It caters various seafoods that has made them famous
for many years now. Its average monthly profit, P, in pesos, can be modeled
by the function P(x) = 0.00019x3 + 2.6x – 18, where x represents the number of
served customers. The profit target of Mr. Vortex for this month of May 2020 is
Php40,000-Php50,000. Is this possible if x = 600?

Will you act as a I would love to. Let’s do

demographer for the this!
meantime, Libby?

2 RISE UP!

1. Ms. Pingul is a professional demographer from the Pampanga Statistics

Office. Part of her job is predicting the population of places in the country.
She predicts that the population, R, of the town of San Luis t years from now
can be modeled using the function R(t) = 5t3 + 120t2 – 3t + 9000. Determine
the population of San Luis four (4) years from now.
 ASSESSMENT CARD

Me! Me! Ultralord Shop

Who loves riding
located at the 3rd floor
elevators?
of SM City Retroville!

Then, you would also

love to answer the Oh-oh! I’ll try Sir haha!
problem below.

1 UP AND DOWN

2. Elevators of SM City Pampanga traveling from one floor to the next do not
travel at a constant speed. The speed of an elevator, S, in feet per second is
given by the function S(t) = -0.5t4 + 4t3 – 12t2 + 16t.

Find the speed of the elevator Find the average elevator’s

at 1, 2, and 3 seconds. speed for the first 3 seconds.

Sheen, where are

you? Ultralord, my savior!
Retroville monsters be
Hahaha! Sheen is ready!
funny at some point.
Okay, next problem.

2 I ♥ MATH ROOM

3. Having a functional Math Room is one of the criteria in the evaluation of the
Best Math School in the Schools Division of Pampanga. Through the initiative
of Mr. Peña, teacher from San Isidro National High School, he was able to
generate enough funds for the construction of Math Room. The dimensions of
the room are: height = x – 4 meters, length = 2x – 5 meters, and width = x + 1
meters. The volume of the room is 26 cubic meters.

Find the positive value of x. Find the room’s dimension.

 ENRICHMENT CARD

Waaaaaah!!!! I’m
I’ll take you with a
afraid of heights Sir.
roller coaster ride.
Sorry, I can’t come.

Relax Carl! I am
talking about the OMG! Ok-ok Sir!
next activity.

1 ROLLER COASTER

One day, John, Rei, and Mar went to an amusement park in Pampanga. To try
something new, they decided to ride a roller coaster. From a distance, John
noticed that part of this coaster is similar to the graph of a polynomial function
that they have been studying in their Math 10 class.

Upon entering, they saw a poster stating that, for the first 5 seconds of the ride,
the height of the coaster could be determined by the function h(t) = 0.45t 3 – 6t2
+ 21t, where t is the time in seconds and h is the height in feet. Find the height of
the ride for the first 5 seconds and record your answer in the given table below.

t 1 2 3 4 5

h(t)

I enjoyed that roller

That was a tough
coaster ride, Sir,
ride. Right Carl?
Kidding aside! Thank
you, Sir.
Nice to hear that.
I was enlightened by
How about you
your discussion , Sir. I’ll
Cindy?
tell my Dad about this.
 REFERENCE CARD

BOOK:
Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module
WEBSITE:
www.google.com for photos
https://braingenie.ck12.org/skills/106896
https://quizlet.com/172431060/the-remainder-and-factor-
theorems-flash-cards/

ANSWER CARD

#1 – Profit Matters! #1 – Up And Down

A
Yes, it is possible because if a. Speed:7.5 feet at 1
A S
the total number of second, 8 feet at 2 seconds,
C S
customers is 600, the profit for and 7.5 at 3 seconds.
T E
the month of May 2020 will b. Average speed is 7.67 or 7
I S
be Php42,582. 2/3 feet per second.
V S
I M
T #2 – Rise Up! E #2 – I ♥ Math Room
Y The total population of San N a. The positive value of x is 7.
Luis four (4) years now will be T b. length = 9 meters, width =
11,228. 8 meters, and height = 3
meters

#1 – Roller Coaster
E
N t h(t)
R
I 1 15.45
C 2 21.60
H
3 21.15
M
E 4 16.80
N
5 11.25
T