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“Synthesis gas” may be produced by the catalytic reforming of methane with steam. The
reactions are: Snap a photo from your
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Assume equilibrium is attained for both reactions at 1 bar and 1,300 K.

(a) Would it be better to carry out the reaction at pressures above 1 bar?
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(b) Would it be better to carry out the reaction at temperatures below 1,300 K? a one-time automated text message with a l
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(c) Estimate the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas if the feed
consists of an equimolar mixture of steam and methane. My Textbook Solutions

(d) Repeat part (c) for a steam to methane mole ratio in the feed of 2.

(e) How could the feed composition be altered to yield a lower ratio of hydrogen to carbon Introduction Financial Electro
monoxide in the synthesis gas than is obtained in part (c)? to Chemical... Reporting... Device
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(f) Is there any danger that carbon will deposit by the reaction 2CO → C+CO2 under conditions of
part (c)? Part (d)? If so, how could the feed be altered to prevent carbon deposition?

Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 1

CH4(g) + H2O(g) = CO(g) + 3H2(g)                  ν =2     (1)

From the the data of Table C.4,

The following vectors represent the species of the reaction in the order in which they appear:

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 + R•IDCPH(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD) …

+−R•T•IDCPS(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD)

H2O(g) + CO(g) = H2(g) + CO2(g)                  ν = 0    (2)

This is the reaction of Pb. 13.32, where parameter values are given:

+R•IDCPH(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD) …

+−R•T•IDCPS(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD)

(a) No. Primary reaction (1) shifts left with increasing P.

(b) No. Primary reaction (1) shifts left with increasing T.

(c) The value of K1 is so large compared with the value of K2 that for all practical purposes
reaction (1) may be considered to go to completion. With a feed equimolar in CH4 and H2O, no
H2O then remains for reaction (2). In this event the ratio, moles H2/moles CO is very nearly
equal to 3.0.

(d) With H2O present in an amount greater than the stoichiometric ratio, reaction (2) becomes
important. However, reaction (1) for all practical purposes still goes to completion, and may be
considered to provide the feed for reaction (2). On the basis of 1 mol CH4 and 2 mol H2O
initially, what is left as feed for reaction (2) is: 1 mol H2O, 1 mol CO, and 3 mol H2; n0 = 5. Thus,
for reaction (2) at equilibrium by Eq. (13.5):

By Eq. (13.28),                      ε := 0 5                 (guess)

Given

ε := Find(ε)

(e)  One practical way is to add CO2 to the feed. Some H2 then reacts with the CO2 by reaction
(2) to form additional CO and to lower the H2/CO ratio.

(f)  2CO(g) = CO2(g) + C(s)               ν =-1    (gases)

This reaction is considered in the preceding problem, Part (d), from which we get the necessary
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 For T = 1300K,

+R•IDCPH(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD) …

+−R•T•IDCPS(T0,T,ΔA,ΔB,ΔC,ΔD)

As explained in Problem 13.32(d), the question of carbon deposition depends on:

When for ACTUAL compositions the value of this ratio is greater than the equilibrium value as
given by K, there can be no carbon deposition. Thus in Part (c), where the CO2 mole fraction
approaches zero, there is danger of carbon deposition. However, in Part (d) there can be no
carbon deposition, because Ratio > K:

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