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Chapter 7, Problem 98P 2 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

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A liquid of density ρ and viscosity μ flows by graveity through a hole of diameter d in the bottom
of a tank of diameter D (Fig. P7-101). At the start of the experiment, the liquid surface is at height
h above the bottom of the tank, as sketched. The liquid exits the tank as a jet with average
velocity V straight down as also sketched. Using dimensionl analysis, generate a dimensionless Snap a photo from your
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relationship for V as t function of the other parameters in the problem. Identify any established
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nondimensional parameters that appear in your result. (Hint. There are three length scales in this download link
problem.: For consistency, choose h as your length scale.)
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Mechanics Mechanics... Secur
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Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 15

There are seven parameters in this problem.

Therefore,

The five parameters are,

Density.

Viscosity.

Diameter.

Height.

Velocity.

Tank diameter.

Acceleration due to gravity.

Comment

Step 2 of 15

Here the parameter is a function of other six parameters.

List of relevant parameters,

Comment
 Step 3 of 15

Now, we have to write the primary dimension of each parameter.

Primary dimension of modulus of density,

Primary dimension of diameter,

Primary dimension of tank diameter,

Primary dimension of acceleration due to gravity,

Primary dimension of viscosity,

Primary dimension of height,

Primary dimension of velocity,

Comment

Step 4 of 15

The number of primary dimensions represented in the problem is 3,

As a first guess, j is first set equal to three.

If this value of j is correct the number of predicted by Buckingham Pi theorem is,

Number of expected

Since here we have to choose three repeating parameters.

Based on the guidelines for selecting repeating parameters select and .

Comment

Step 5 of 15

Now, we combine these repeating parameters with the other remaining parameters to create
.

First of all a dependent is generated using the dependent variable .

Dependent ,

……(1)

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, equation (1) becomes,

Comment

Step 6 of 15

Now, equate the exponents of each primary dimension independently to solve for and .

Mass,

Time,

Length,

Comment

Step 7 of 15

Now, substitute the values of , and in equation (1)

Therefore,

The above equation is a type of Froude number.

Therefore, ……(a)

Comment

Step 8 of 15

Now, a independent is generated using the independent variable .

Independent ,

……(2)

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, equation (2) becomes,

Comment
 Step 9 of 15

Now, equate the exponents of each primary dimension independently to solve for and .

Mass,

Time,

Length,

Comment

Step 10 of 15

Now, substitute the values of and in equation (2)

Therefore,

……(b)

Now, a independent is generated using the independent variable .

Independent ,

……(3)

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, equation (3) becomes,

Comment

Step 11 of 15

Now, equate the exponents of each primary dimension independently to solve for and .

Mass,

Time,

Length,

Comment

Step 12 of 15

Now, substitute the values of and in equation (3)

Therefore,

……(c)

Comment

Step 13 of 15
 Now, a independent is generated using the independent variable .

Independent ,

……(4)

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, primary dimension of is,

Now, equation (3) becomes,

Comment

Step 14 of 15

Now, equate the exponents of each primary dimension independently to solve for and .

Mass,

Time,

Length,

Now, substitute the values of and in equation (4)

The above equation is an inverse of the Reynolds number.

Therefore rearranging the above equation,

Therefore,

……(d)

Comment

Step 15 of 15

From equations (a) (b) (c) and (d) we can form a relationship.

Comment

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