BPMANDALCOLLEGEOFENGI

NEERI
NG
MADHEPURA852113

Basi
cEl
ect
ri
calEngi
neer
ing
PRACTI
CAL

Exper
imentDet
ail
s
●Exper
imentNo :
-02
●Exper
imentName:
-​
SpeedCont
rol
ofDCmot
orby
Ar
mat
ureResi
stanceCont
rol
.

St
udentDet
ail
s
●Na me :
-SudhanshuRanjan
●Br
anch :
-​CSE
●RollNo :
-19435
●Reg.No :-1910512032
●Submitt
edt
o: -Prof
.Arvi
ndKumar
Ai
m:
Tostudyt
hespeedcontr
olofD.C.Shuntmotorbyar
mat ur
e
cont
rolmethod.Dr
awthegraphbetweenar
mat ur
evolt
age
andmotorspeedbyvar
yingthear
mat ur
evol
tage.

Theor
y:
I
ntr
oduct
ionWeknowt
hatthespeedofshuntmot
ori
sgi
ven
by:
N=(V-
IaRa)/
kФ

Wher e,Vaist hevoltageappl i

edacr osst hear mat ureandφi s
thefluxperpol eandi spr opor t
ionaltot hefiel
dcur rentI​f.As
explainedear l
ier
,armat urecur rentI​a​isdecidedbyt he
mechani calloadpresentont heshaf t
.Ther efore,byv ar
yingVa
andI fwecanv aryn.Forf i
xedsuppl yv olt
ageandt hemot or
connect edasshuntwecanv ar
yVabycont rolli
nganext ernal
resi
st anceconnectedi nserieswi ththear mat ure.I​fofcour se
canbev ari
edbycont roll
ingext ernalfi
eldresistanceR​ f​
connect edwi t
hthef ieldcircuit
.Thusf orshuntmot orwehav e
essent i
all
ytwomet hodsf orcontroll
ingspeed, namel yby :

1.Var
yingarmat
ureresi
stance.
2.Var
yingfi
eldr
esi
stance.
Fi
gur
e:Equi
val
entci
rcui
tforar
mat
urecont
rolofDCmot
or

Speedcont
rolbyv
ary
ingar
mat
urer
esi
stance
Inthi
smet hodav ari
ableseriesresist
orRextisputi nthe
armatureci r
cuit
.Inthiscaset hefiel
disdirect
lyconnect ed
acrossthesuppl yandt heref
or ethefl
uxɸi snotaffectedby
vari
ationofRext .i
nt hi
scaset hecur r
entandhencet hef lux
areaffectedbyt hevariat
ionoft hearmaturecircui
tresistance.
Thev olt
agedr opinRextr educest hevol
tageappl i
edtot he
armatureandt hereforethespeedi sreducing.

Theslopeoft henv s.Iaornv s.Techar acter

isti
ccanbe
modi f
iedbydel iberat
elyconnect ingexternalresi
stancerext
in
thearmat ur
eci rcui
t.Onecangetaf amilyofspeedv s.
armaturecurv esforv ari
ousv aluesofrext.From these
characteri
sti
csi tcanbeexpl ainedhowspeedcont roli
s
achi
ev ed.Letusassumet hatthel oadtorqueTLi sconstant
andf i
eldcurrentisalsokeptconst ant.

Theref
ore,sincest
eadystateoperat
iondemandsTe=TL, Te=
kφtoowi l
lremainconstant;
whichmeansI awillnotchange.
SupposeRext=0, thenatratedl
oadt or
que,operati
ngpoint
wil
lbeatCandmot orspeedwi l
lben.Ifaddi
ti
onal r
esist
ance
Rext
1isint
roducedinthear
matur
eci
rcuit
,newst
eadystat
e
oper
ati
ngspeedwi lben1c
l orr
espondingtotheoperati
ng
pointD.Inthiswayonecangetaspeedofn2
correspondingtotheoper at
ingpointE,whenrext2is
i
ntroducedi nthearmaturecircuit
.Thi
ssamel oad
tor
quei ssuppliedatvari
ousspeed.Var i
ati
onoft he
speedi ssmoot handspeedwi l
ldecr
easesmoot hlyi
f
Rextisincreased.Obviously
, t
hismethodissuit
ablefor
controll
ingspeedbel owthebasespeedandf orsupplyi
ng
constantr at
edloadt or
quewhi chensuresratedarmature
currentalways.Although,thi
smethodpr ovi
dessmoot hwi de
rangespeedcont r
ol(fr
om basespeeddownt ozer
ospeed) ,
hasaser i
ousdrawbacksi nceenergylosstakesplaceinthe
externalresi
stanceRextreducingtheeffi
ciencyofthemot or.

Fi
gur
e:Ar
mat
urecur
rentspeedchar
act
eri
sti
csofDCmot
ors
Pr
ocedur
e:

St
ep1.​
Connect
ionsar
easperci
rcui
tgi
venbel
ow.

St
ep2.​
Tapont
heMCBt
otur
nont
heci
rcui
t,
allt
her
edl
ightbecomes
gr
een.
St
ep3.​
Mov
esl
iderofAr
mat
urer
esi
stancesecondt
ogetv
ari
ati
ons
ov
ert
hev
olt
met
err
eadi
ngs.
St
ep4.​
Thennot
eval
uest
otabl
e.

St
ep5.​
Repeatst
eps3&4t
oaddmor
eval
uesi
ntabl
e.

St
ep:
6​Wi
tht
hehel
pofr
eadi
ngsdr
awt
hegr
aph.
.
Ci
rcui
tconnect
ion:
Resul
t:
Whenweincr
easet
hearmatur
eresist
ancetheni
tresul
tsi
ndecr
ease
i
nv ol
tagewhi
chint
urnsdecr
easethespeedofDCmot or.