Author Quality Appraisal Score

Electronic database search

Toussie et al1 95%
Gold et al2 85%
Staats et al3 75%
Fogarty et al4 90%
Lechien et al5 80%
Gross et al6 91.7%
Shim et al7 88.9%
Liu et al 8 70%
Hsih et al 9 95%
Yang et al10 95%
Articles from NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA and BMJ
Melley et al11 91.7%
Reynolds et al12 90%
Mehra et al13 100%
Geleris et al14 90%
Richardson et al15 90%
Borba et al16 96.2%
Mehta et al17 90%
Rosenberg et al18 95%
Pung et al19 95%
Lescure et al20 95%
Doyen et al21 91.7%
Lusignan et al22 95%
Supplementary table 1. Quality appraisal score of articles identified from electronic database and
medical journal search

References
1
Toussie D, Voutsinas N, Finkelstein M, Cedillo MA, Manna S, Maron SZ, Jacobi A, Chung M, Bernheim
A, Eber C, Concepcion J, Fayad Z, and Gupta SY. Clinical and Chest Radiography Features Determine
Patient Outcomes In Young and Middle Age Adults with COVID-19. Radiology 2020 May.
https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201754. Epub ahead of print.
2
Gold JA, Wong KK, Szablewski CM, Patel PR, Rossow J, da Silva J, Natarajan P, Morris SB, Fanfair RN,
Rogers-Brown J, Bruce BB, Browning SD, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Furukawa NW, Kang M, Evans ME,
Oosmanally N, Tobin-D’Angelo M, Drenzek C, Murphy DJ, Hollberg J, Blum JM, Jansen R, Wright DW,
Sewell WM, Owens JD, Lefkove B, Brwon FW, Burton DC, Uyeki TM, Bialek SR, Jackson BR..
Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 — Georgia, March
2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:545–550.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6918e1external icon

3
Staats P, Giannakopoulos G, Blake J, Liebler E, Levy RM. The Use of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve
Stimulation to Treat Respiratory Symptoms Associated With COVID-19: A Theoretical Hypothesis and
Early Clinical Experience. Neuromodulation. 2020 Apr. doi: 10.1111/ner.13172. [Epub ahead of print]

4
Fogarty H, Townsend L, Ni Cheallaigh C, Bergin C, Martin-Loeches I, Browne P, Bacon CL, Gaule R,
Gillett A, Byrne M, Ryan K, O'Connell N, O'Sullivan JM, Conlan N, O' Donnell JS. COVID-
19 Coagulopathy in Caucasian patients. Br J Haematol. 2020 Apr. doi: 10.1111/bjh.16749. [Epub
ahead of print]

5
Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, Dequanter D, Blecic
S, El Afia F, Distinguin L, Chekkoury-Idrissi Y, Hans S, Delgado IL, Calvo-Henriquez C, Lavigne P, Falanga
C, Barillari MR, Cammaroto G, Khalife M, Leich P, Souchay C, Rossi C, Journe F, Hsieh J, Edjlali
M, Carlier R, Ris L, Lovato A, De Filippis C, Coppee F, Fakhry N, Ayad T, Saussez S. Olfactory and
gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease
(COVID-19): a multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Apr. doi:
10.1007/s00405-020-05965-1. [Epub ahead of print]

6
Gross A, Thiemig D, Koch FW, Schwarz M, Gläser S, Albrecht T. CT appearance of severe, laboratory-
proven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Caucasian patient in Berlin, Germany. Rofo. 2020
May;192(5):476-477. doi: 10.1055/a-1138-8783. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

7
Shim E, Tariq A, Choi W, Lee Y, Chowell G. Transmission potential and severity of COVID-19 in South
Korea. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 18;93:339-344. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.031. Epub ahead of print.
8
Liu KC, Xu P, Lv WF, Qiu XH, Yao JL, Gu JF, Wei W. CT manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019: A
retrospective analysis of 73 cases by disease severity. Eur J Radiol. 2020 Mar 12;126:108941. doi:
10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108941. Epub ahead of print.
9
Hsih WH, Cheng MY, Ho MW, Chou CH, Lin PC, Chi CY, Liao WC, Chen CY, Leong LY, Tien N, Lai HC, Lai
YC, Lu MC. Featuring COVID-19 cases via screening symptomatic patients with epidemiologic link
during flu season in a medical center of central Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020 Mar
13:S1684-1182(20)30068-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.008. Epub ahead of print.
10
Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan
S, Shang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Feb
24. pii: S2213-2600(20)30079-5. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5. 

11
Melley LE, Bress E, Polan E. Hypogeusia as the initial presenting symptom of COVID-19. BMJ Case
Rep. 2020 May 13;13(5). pii: e236080. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236080.

Reynolds HR, Adhikari S, Pulgarin C, Troxel AB, Iturrate E, Johnson SB, Hausvater A, Newman JD,
12

Berger JS, Bangalore S, Katz SD, Fishman GI, Kunichoff D, Chen Y, Ogedegbe G, Hochman JS. Renin-
Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors and Risk of COVID-19. 2020 May 1. Doi:
10.1056/NEJMoa2008975. [Epub ahead of print]
13
Mehra MR, Desai SS, Kuy S, Henry TD, Patel AN. Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and
Mortality in COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 1. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007621. [Epub ahead of
print]

Geleris J, Sun Y, Platt J, Zucker J, Baldwin M, Hripcsak G, Labella A, Manson D, Kubin C, Barr
14

RG, Sobieszczyk ME, Schluger NW. Observational Study of Hydroxychlorquine in Hospitalized patients

with COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 7. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2012410. [Epub ahead of print]
15
Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW; and the
Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium, Barnaby DP, Becker LB, Chelico JD, Cohen SL, Cookingham
J, Coppa K, Diefenbach MA, Dominello AJ, Duer-Hefele J, Falzon L, Gitlin J, Hajizadeh N, Harvin TG,
Hirschwerk DA, Kim EJ, Kozel ZM, Marrast LM, Mogavero JN, Osorio GA, Qiu M, Zanos TP. Presenting
Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in
the New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 Apr 22. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775. [Epub ahead of print]
16
Borba MGS, Val FFA, Sampaio VS, Alexandre MAA, Melo GC, Brito M, Mourão MPG, Brito-Sousa JD,
Baía-da-Silva D, Guerra MVF, Hajjar LA, Pinto RC, Balieiro AAS, Pacheco AGF, Santos JDO Jr, Naveca
FG, Xavier MS, Siqueira AM, Schwarzbold A, Croda J, Nogueira ML, Romero GAS, Bassat Q, Fontes CJ,
Albuquerque BC, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Monteiro WM, Lacerda MVG; CloroCovid-19 Team. Effect of High
vs Low Doses of Chloroquine Diphosphate as Adjunctive Therapy for Patients Hospitalized
With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: A Randomized
Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Apr 24;3(4):e208857. doi:
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857.
17
Mehta N, Kalra A, Nowacki AS, Anjewierden S, Han Z, Bhat P, Carmona-Rubio AE, Jacob M, Procop
GW, Harrington S, Milinovich A, Svensson LG, Jehi L, Young JB, Chung MK. Association of Use of
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Testing Positive
for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol. 2020 May 5. doi:
10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1855. [Epub ahead of print]
 Rosenberg ES, Dufort EM, Udo T, Wilberschied LA, Kumar J, Tesoriero J, Weinberg P, Kirkwood J,
18

Muse A, DeHovitz J, Blog DS, Hutton B, Holtgrave DR, Zucker HA. Association of Treatment With
Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New
York State. JAMA. 2020 May 11. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8630. [Epub ahead of print]
19
Pung R, Chiew CJ, Young BE, Chin S, Chen MI, Clapham HE, Cook AR, Maurer-Stroh S, Toh MPHS, Poh
C, Low M, Lum J, Koh VTJ, Mak TM, Cui L, Lin RVTP, Heng D, Leo YS, Lye DC, Lee VJM; Singapore 2019
Novel Coronavirus Outbreak Research Team. Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore:
implications for surveillance and response measures. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1039-1046.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30528-6.
20
Lescure FX, Bouadma L, Nguyen D, Parisey M, Wicky PH, Behillil S, Gaymard A, Bouscambert-
Duchamp M, Donati F, Le Hingrat Q, Enouf V, Houhou-Fidouh N, Valette M, Mailles A, Lucet JC,
Mentre F, Duval X, Descamps D, Malvy D, Timsit JF, Lina B, van-der-Werf S, Yazdanpanah Y. Clinical
and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Mar
27. pii: S1473-3099(20)30200-0. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30200-0
21
Doyen D, Moceri P, Ducreux D, Dellamonica J. Myocarditis in a patient with COVID-19: a cause of
raised troponin and ECG changes. Lancet. 2020;395(10235):1516. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30912-
0
22
Lusignan S, Dorward J, Correa A, Jones N, Akinyemi O, Amirthalingam G, Andrews N, Byford R,
Dabrera G, Elliot A, Ellis J, Ferreira F, Benral JL, Okusi C, Ramsay M, Sherlock J, Smith G, Williams J,
Howsam G, Zambon M, Joy M, Hobbs R. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford
Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a
cross-sectional study. The Lancet 2020 May 15. [Epub ahead of print]