The Electric Current in Simple Circuits

When a conducting wire is attached to the terminals of a battery, the free

electrons in the wire gain energy to move from the negative to the positive
terminal.

For the electrons to flow through the electric circuit (conducting path contain
electric components) the circuit must be complete.
 Measuring current

 The current is the flow of charges in a conductor

 The higher the current, the greater the flow of charge
 The SI unit to measure current is Ampere (A)
 For measuring the current an Ammeter is used and for smaller currents a
millimeter is used

 The ammeter has no effect on the current in the circuit and acts like a connecting
wire.
 The current is the same at all points in a simple circuit

The Charge and current

The relation between the charge and current is given by the equation
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝐶 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐴 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑠
Current direction

The charges that move in the circuit are the negative (Electrons), protons do not
move
The conventional current direction is the direction of positive charges (opposite to
the negative) {it was defined before the discovery of electrons)