Literary Movements Neoclassicism
Definition American poems of the
Enlightenment era were (like the
prose works of the same time)
often political in content, satiric in
tone, and didactic in purpose.
Features The couplet form
Poetic diction
Satire.
Thoughts writers looked back to the ideals
and art forms of classical times,
emphasizing even more than their
Renaissance predecessors the
classical ideals of order and
rational control
Conception of man Writers portrayed man as
inherently flawed. They
emphasized restraint, self-control,
and common sense. This was a
time when conservatism flourished
in both politics and literature.
Authors / work -Alexander Pope / Essay on
Criticism, The Rape of the Lock
-Daniel Defoe / Robinson Crusoe;
Moll Flanders
-Thomas Gray / Ode on the Spring;
On the Death of Richard West
Transcendentalism
is a form of idealism that encompasses
belief in intuitive (nonsensory)
knowledge, the indwelling of divinity in
man and nature, and the consequent
inalienable worth of man
Simplistic Living
Self-Reliance
Importance of Nature
Spirituality
Simplistic Living
Self-Reliance
The transcendentalist movement
encompassed many beliefs, but these
all fit into their three main values of
individualism, idealism, and the divinity
of nature.
They embraced idealism, focusing on
nature and opposing materialism.
Margaret Fuller / Summer on the
Lakes; Woman in the Nineteenth
Century
Henry David Thoreau / Walden; The
Maine Woods
Ralph Waldo Emerson /
Compensation; The Poet
Naturalism
movement that was inspired by
adaptation of the principles and methods
of natural science, especially the
Darwinian view of nature, to literature
and art
Novel. The bigger, the better.
Narrative Detachment.
Determinism.
Pessimism.
Social Environment.
Heredity and Human Nature.
Poverty.
Survival.
They were influenced by evolutionary
thought, and regarded man not as
possessed of a soul and of free will, but
as a creature determined by his heredity
and environment.
Naturalism differed from realism in its
assumption of scientific determinism,
which led naturalistic authors to
emphasize man’s accidental,
physiological nature rather than his moral
or rational qualities.
Theodore Dreiser / Sister Carrie; The
Financier
Stephen Crane / The Blue Hotel; War is
kind
Thomas Hardy / The Woodlanders; Two
on a Tower
Realism
The detailed presentation of
appearances, especially of familiar
experiences and circumstances.
Comprehensive detail about everyday
occurrences. Plausible plot (a story
that could happen in your town) Real
dialects of the area.Character
development important. Importance in
depicting social class.
focused on the truthful treatment of the
common, average, everyday life.
Realism focuses on the immediate,
the here and now, the specific actions
and their verifiable consequences.
realism began as a reaction to and a
rejection of Romanticism, with its
emphasis on emotion, imagination,
and the individual
William Dean Howells / Their Wedding
Journey; Venetian Life
Balzac / La Vendetta; The Wild Ass's
Skin
Mark Twain / The Adventures of Tom
Sawyer; Adventures of Huckleberry
Finn
Paola Riina
24.470.099