A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 7

I. OBJECTIVES

A. CONTENT STANDARD
The learners demonstrate an understanding of: organisms interacting with each other and with
their environment to survive.

B. PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learners should be able to: conduct a collaborative action to preserve the ecosystem in
the locality.

C. LEARNING COMPETENCY
The learner should be able to describe the different ecological relationships found in an
ecosystem; (S7LT-IIh10)

D. Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. differentiates the types of ecological relationship;
b. identifies the ecological relationships that exist in the given pairs of organisms; and
c. cites examples showing how living organisms depend on each other for
their needs to survive.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

Topic: Ecological Relationships
Reference: Science Links p. 157-159
 Discover Science 7 pages 178-180
 Real Life Science 4 pages 230 – 265
http://eschooltoday.com/science/symbiosis/what-is-competition.html
Author: Estrellita A. Madriaga, et. al
Materials: visual aids, chalkboard, chalk, pictures,Video Presentation/ PowerPoint Presentation
Process Skills: Observing, describing, Analysing

III. LESSON PROCEDURE: (7e’S)

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

A. Daily Routine
Opening Prayer
Please stand. Students will stand.
“Let us pray.” Everyone will say the prayer
Greetings
“Good morning/afternoon, class!” “Good morning/afternoon, Ma’am”
Checking of Cleanliness and Attendance
Who are the absent today?”

What happened to those who are not

present that day. Students will respond.

Before we start, pick up the trash under

your chairs.”
“And also, please, arrange your
chairs properly.” Yes, Ma’am!

B. ELICIT

Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the

new lesson

Let have a short review about what we

discuss yesterday.
 Okay, what we discussed yesterday?

It’s all about Food Chain.

What is food chain?
It is the sequence of food transfer from producer to
Very good! the decomposer.
Then, what do you call to those heterotrophic
organisms that depend in other organisms for
nourishment and for the supply of energy.
(consumer)
Good!
How about producer?
These are autotrophic organisms that are capable
Very good! of making their own food.

Okay, it is the food making process of the

plants.
(photosynthesis)
Very good! Okay then it seems you’ve learned
a lot through the lesson yesterday!

Now let’s proceed to our new topic, but

before that let’s have this activity first, are you
ready class? Yes, Ma’am!

Okay Good!

C. ENGAGE
Presenting examples/instances of the new
lesson

Okay! Before we start let have this first!

And I will group you into 5 and each group

will give cut out pictures to students together
with the mechanics of the activity.

All you have to do is to observe the pictures

and answer being asked in the mechanics:

Instruction: THINK, SOLVE & SHOUT (5 minutes)

a. In this activity, you will form/ assemble the
cut out pictures to its right image/formation.
b. In the choices below what does the image
being imply/ describe.
• FEELING INLOVE
• ONE-SIDED LOVE
•OBSESSION
•LOVE HURTS
•ALWAYS FIGHTING
c. State your answer with the challenge:

Challenge1: Say the word 5 times while

you are angry. OBSESSION
Challenge2: Say the word 3 times while
you are jumping. LOVE HURTS
Challenge3: Say the word 3 times while
you are clapping your hands FEELING
INLOVE
 Challenge4: Say the word 5 times while
you are covering your nose. ONE-SIDED
LOVE
Challenge5: Say the word 2 times while
you are laughing and smiling. ALWAYS
FIGHTING

After 5 minutes, presentation of activity

Teacher ask….
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. What are your strategies in order to solve the
puzzle

What does the all image being describe? Relationship

What is your understanding about the word

“relationship”? Answers may vary.
(a relation between people; a state involving
mutual dealings between people or parties or
countries)

Good!

What relationships are depicted in the

pictures? Answer may vary.
(Mutual, Quarreling, love, hurts, heartache,
obsession)
Very Good!

Is this relationship limited to human beings Answer may vary.

only? (No, Relationships define us, give us cause to live
and help us become who we are meant to be. So
relation is not only for humans but for living and
non-living things that here in the ecosystem)

Exactly!

This word relation has something to do with our

lesson because we will talk about relationship
in the ecosystem. This simply called
ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP

Okay, then let me introduce to you our

objectives / goal for this lesson:
a. differentiates the types of ecological
relationship;
b. identifies the ecological relationships that
exist in the given pairs of organisms; and
c. cites examples showing how living
organisms depend on each other for
their needs to survive.

Are you amenable with our objective?

Yes! Ma’am
Okay!
 D. EXPLORE

Discussing new concepts and practicing new

skills #1

Ecological relationship pertains to the

interaction between or among two species of
organisms.
Ecological communities consist of interacting
or potentially interacting species in the same
environment. This is what we call ecological
relationship.
And there are two types of ecological
relationship •symbiotic relationship
•oppositional relationship

Okay! Then let’s start next activity.

This activity will be given to you for 15 minutes.
I’ll group you into 5, Read and analyze the given
situation on each group. Then, answer the
following questions. Student’s perform the activity.

GROUP 1
The butterfly gets nectar from a flower, on the
other hand, flower gets pollinated by the help of
the butterfly. They benefit from one another. The
relationship that exists between them is called
mutualism.

Questions:
1. What is
mutualism?
2. Give
another
example of mutualism.

Group 2
The cattle egrets eat the insects around the
cattle as it moves around. The cattle egrets get
benefited from the cattle yet the cattle did not
affect at all. The egret is called commensal while
the cattle is called host. The relationship that exists
between them is called commensalism.

Question:
1. What is commensalism?
2. What is the difference between commensal
and host?
3. Give another example of commensalism.

Group 3
 The mosquito sucks blood from the child. The
child is called host because it is the one that harms
by the mosquito. On the other hand, mosquito is
called parasite because it harms the child. The
relationship that exists between them is parasitism.

QUESTION:

1. What is
the
difference
between
parasite
and host?

2. What is parasitism?

3. Give another example of parasitism.

Group 4

The two deer compete for their basic

necessities like food, shelter, or mate. The
relationship that exists between them is called
competition.

QUESTION:

1. What is

competition?

2. Why organisms need to compete with other

organism?

3. Give other example of competition.

Group 5

The tiger eats the deer. The tiger is called

predator because it kills another organism for food.
While the deer is called prey because it is killed
and haunted by the predator. The relationship that
exists between them is called predation.

Questions:

1. What is predation?
 2. What are the differences between predator and
prey?

3. Give other examples of predation

Okay very good!

After 15 minutes the student will present the
E. EXPLAIN activity!
Developing Mastery

How and why do living organisms interact with

each other? Individual organisms live together in an ecosystem
and depend on one another. ... One category
of interactions describes
the different ways organisms obtain their food and
energy. Some organisms can make their own food,
and other organisms have to get their food by
eating other organisms.

Very Good!
How do organisms depend on each other?
Organisms depend on other organisms and on the
nonliving things in an ecosystem to meet their
basic needs for food, water and protection. ...
Plants use energy from the sun to produce their
own food from air and water. The type of soil,
amount of water and temperature range in an
area determine the plants that grow there.
Exactly!

Why are symbiotic relationships important?

Symbiotic relationships are important because
they are a major driving force of evolution. This
networking and cooperation among species
That’s right!
allows them to survive better than they would as
individual
Discussion

With that
The four types of ecological relationships are
What are the four types of ecological
symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism),
relationships?
predation, competition and cooperation.

Very good!

Let’s discuss them one by one.

The first type of ecological relationship is

symbiosis. What is symbiosis, class? Symbiosis is a type of relationship between two
different organisms where one benefits and the
other is affected or unaffected or both of them
benefit.

That is right!

Symbiotic relationship has three kinds:

Mutualism, Commensalism and Parasitism
 Mutualism is often referred to as the
“perfect relationship.” Why do you think so? Because in mutualism, both species of
organism’s benefit.

Excellent!

One good example of mutualism is the

relationship between a bee and a flower. The
bee harvests nectar from the flower as source
of food. Likewise, the flower also benefits from
the bee because, as the bee harvests nectar
from the flower, some of its pollen grains
attached to it can be transferred to the stigma
of the said flower thereby enabling cross-
pollination.

Can you think of other examples? (Answers may vary.)

Let us proceed to the second kind of

symbiotic relationship which is Commensalism.

What is Commensalism, class? Commensalism is a type of symbiotic

relationship where one species of organism
benefits while the other is not affected.

That’s right! An example of such are the

barnacles that are usually attached on the
shells of mussels and other marine animals so
that they will have a place to stay and to live.
Barnacles benefit from the mussels while the
mussels are unaffected.
Can you think of other examples? (Answers may vary.)

What is the last kind of symbiotic

relationship? Parasitism is the last kind of symbiotic
relationship, Ma’am!
Correct!

What is Parasitism? Parasitism is a relationship in which an organism

benefits and the other is harmed, but not always
killed.
Very good!

The organism that benefits in parasitism is

called the Parasite, and the one that is
harmed is called the Host.

One good example of this kind of

relationship is the relationship between the
mosquito and human.

Who benefits from this relationship? The mosquito benefits from the relationship,
Ma’am.
 How about the man? The man is harmed from the relationship.

Can you think of other example for

Parasitism? (Answers may vary.)

Parasites are classified into two:

Ectoparasites and Endoparasites. Who can
differentiate the two? Ectoparasites are parasites that live outside the
body of the host while Endoparasites are those
that live inside the body of the host.

Examples of Ectoparasites are ticks, flees,

mosquitoes while examples of Endoparasites
are hookworms, tapeworms, etc.

Do you have any questions so far? (Answers may vary.)

Next to symbiosis is Predation. What is

Predation, class? Predation is a type of ecological relationship
where one species of organism kills or eats the
other.
Very good!

Examples of Predation are owls that eat

mouse, and lions that eat other animals.

What do you call the organism that is

eaten? Prey, Ma’am!

How about the one that harms or eats the

other animal? Predator, Ma’am!

That’s right!

In the case of the owl and the mouse,

which is the predator and which is the prey? The owl is the predator and the mouse is the
prey.

Very well said.

Now, can you think of your own example of

predation? (Answers may vary.)

Alright. The next type of ecological

relationship is Competition. Please read the
meaning of Competition. Competition is a relationship that occurs when
two organisms compete for the same resources.

Organisms tend to compete for food,

shelter, space, light and even mate for
survival.

(The teacher will show a picture)

 For what do you think these two red deer The two red deer are competing for space.
are competing for?

Lastly, is the relationship called

Cooperation. What comes to your mind when
you hear the word COPERATION? Do you (Answers may vary)
have this in your classroom?

Just like humans, animals and other

organisms also show cooperation in their
group. How? One example is the working
colony of ants.
That’s true!

Another example of Cooperation is the

herds of grazing cattle or sheep arrange
themselves so that the strongest are on the
outside. Moreover, many sets of eyes and ears
are on the look-out for possible danger.
Can you think of your own example?

Very good! It seems that the class

understood very well the lesson. Are there any None, Ma’am!
questions?

F. ELABORATE
Finding practical applications of concepts and
skills in daily living
For better understanding let us first
watch this video and after this we will
have again another activity.
All you have to do is to listen and
watch attentively.
Is that clear class?
Student: Yes! Ma’am
Teacher: Good!
 Video Presentation
After the video….
How do you find the activity? It’s very interesting, Ma’am!
Okay then!
Do you want more activity? Yes! Ma’am.
Okay then here’s the mechanics!
(DIFFERENTIATED ACTIVITIES)
You will be group into four and asked to
choose one relationship among organisms
that were discussed in the lesson. You will talk
about how the relationship is advantageous or
disadvantageous to the organisms involved.

Each group will do differentiated activities.

Any representative to pick one paper where
the scenario of the activity written. (representative of each group will pic)

And you will be guided with the rubrics to assess Students perform the activity.
the group activity of the students. • News report – Adapt a certain portion of a news
TV program to explain the chosen relationship. The
 CONTENT------30% group members will act out as reporters or news
PERFORMANCE---------40% anchors and the characters in the report.
MOVEMENT--------15%
PROJECTION---------15% • Rap – Compose and present a rap about the
TOTAL--------------100% benefit and/or harm caused by the chosen
After the presentation relationship to the organisms involved.

•Commercial or advertisement – Prepare and

present a commercial to explain the positive things
about the chosen relationship.

•Talk show – Act out as celebrities promoting the

chosen relationship among organisms. They have to
say good things about the relationship.

•Poem – Create and recite a poem to explain the

chosen relationship.

Let’s give everyone a round of applause! Clap!

How did you find the activity? It was fun and I do understand the differences of
each relationship.
Very good!
Okay then.
Generalization
The teacher will call one student to sum up
the lesson being discussed.

G. EVALUATION:
Identify what is being described in each statement. Write your answer on the space provided
before the number.
__________1. It is a type of ecological relationship where one species of organisms kills or eats the
other
__________2. These are parasites that live inside the body of the host
__________3. A kind of symbiotic relationship where both species of organism’s benefit from
one another
__________4. The animal that is eaten in Predation
__________5. A type of ecological relationship where one organism benefits while the other is
Unaffected

H. EXTEND
ASSIGNMENT:

1. What are the ecological problems we experienced nowadays?

2. Give some conservation measures on improving the environment and
preserving the natural resources.
Reference: Discover Science / Search Engine: Google

Prepared by:

RACHELL ANN P. BARROGO

Applicant