THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Disposable paper became more affordable for the average user as technology

improved and the printing press was introduced, resulting in a dramatic rise in global

consumption. Technological advancements do not make up for the fact that since it is a

vital and ubiquitous commodity that is used on a regular basis for a variety of purposes

all over the world In the last four decades, global paper consumption has increased by

around 400 percent, reaching unsustainable levels in Asia. As a result, there is a lot of

debate about the paper industry's global environmental effects, particularly when it

comes to clear-cut logging and deforestation of old-growth forests. The growing demand

for wood in the paper industry has accelerated the quest for alternative resources. The

United States Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the world generates 300

million tons of paper per year. Copier paper, printouts, notes, and notepads are

examples of written documents commonly used in academia and the workplace. Office

employees use about ten thousand sheets of paper per year on average. Fire, flood,

and other natural and man-made disasters affected more than 70% of businesses,

resulting in a significant number of paper-based records. Companies are looking for

alternative fiber options as a result of the environmental backlash. Plants such as

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Husk and Bermuda (Cynodon dactylon) Grass have been

introduced as a possible alternative resource for paper production. Coconuts (Cocos

nucifera) are grown in many countries. The coconut fruit produces 40 percent coconut

husks, 30 percent fiber, and the remaining dust. According to Salman Zafar (2015),
Coconut Husk is high in fiber, which is needed in the production of paper. Bermuda

(Cynodon dactylon) grass, on the other hand, is found all over the world, including in the

Philippines. dactylon) Grass can be found all over the world, including in the Philippines.

This is known for its widespread distribution across vast swaths of the subtropics. It can

be found in low subtropical areas such as and has been around for decades, adapting

well to the tropical climate there. The Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper

Industry (TAPPI) conducted a test to analyze the chemical composition of Bermuda

Grass for paper production, according to Mohd Kassim and Angzzas Sari (2015), and

the results showed that the fibers were abundant. Bermuda Grass is a good alternative

resource for paper based on chemical and surface morphological properties studies.

Based on the chemical and surface morphological properties analyses, Bermuda Grass

is a good alternative resource for paper making industries. The aim of this study is to

see if Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Husk and Bermuda (Cynodon dactylon) Grass can be

used as an alternative component in paper production.