DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN FLOW CHART (LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN)

START

Apply the computed factored load

3
Try a W shaped section

Compute the Slenderness

KL
Ratio:
rmin

Check for Local Stability:

E E
bf/2tf ; 0.56
Fy√For flange h/tw; 1.49
√ Fy
For

E E NO
bf/2tf < 0.56
√ Fy
; h/tw < 1.49
√
Fy
For web
Redesign! 3

YES

Compute Fe:
2
Fe = π
¿¿

KL E fy
ry
< 4.71
√
fy
;
Fe
< 2.25 NO
Fcr = ( 0.877) fe

YES 1
fy
Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) fy 1

2
 2

Pn = Fcr Ag

Pn> Pu

Where =0.90 NO
Redesign! 3

YES

Section is Adequate;

Adopt the section

DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (LRFD)

END
 Column Designation C13
Floor Level UG to GF

Design Inputs:
Type of steel A36
Pu 208.85 kips
Length, Lb 13.13 mm
Fy 36 ksi
Es 29000 ksi
K 0.5

DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER TRIAL SECTION: W16x77

A 22.6 in2
Step 1: Check slenderness. d 16.5 in
bf 10.3 in
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12 tf 0.76 in
= =11.25 < 200; OK! tw 0.725 in
rx 7
bf/2tf 6.77
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12
= =31.89 < 200; OK! h/tw 31.2
ry 2.47
Ix 1110 in4
KL Zx 150 in3
=31.89 GOVERNS
ry Sx 134 in3
rx 7 in
ry 2.47 in
Step 2: Check for local stability. J 3.57 in4
For Flange: rts 2.85 in
ho 15.7 in
bf/2tf = 6.77 Iy 138 in4
E 29000 ksi Zy 41.1 in3
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√
36 ksi
=15.89 Sy
Cw
26.9 in3
8590 in6

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS kdes 1.16

h/tw = 31.2
E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
√
36 ksi
=42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy √
; PASS

Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

 2
Fe = π 281.44 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =31.89
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
√
Fy
KL
=4.71
√
36 ksi
E
=133.68
fy 36
since
r
<4.71
Fy √ ;
Fy
=
Fe 281.44
=0.13< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 281.44 ) (36) = 34.12 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
Pn= 34.12 (22.6) = 771.11

The available compressive strength is:

Φc = 0.90

ΦcPn= 0.90 (771.11) = 694.0 kips > 208.85 kips [SAFE]

 DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (LRFD)

Column Designation C7
Floor Level GF to 2F

Design Inputs:
Type of steel A36
Pu 402.86 kips
Length, Lb 15.10 mm
Fy 36 ksi
Es 29000 ksi
K 0.5

DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER TRIAL SECTION: W16x77

A 22.6 in2
Step 1: Check slenderness. d 16.5 in
bf 10.3 in
KL 0.5 x 15.10 x 12 tf 0.76 in
= =12.94 < 200; OK! tw 0.725 in
rx 7
bf/2tf 6.77
KL 0.5 x 15.10 x 12
= =36.68 < 200; OK! h/tw 31.2
ry 2.47
Ix 1110 in4
KL Zx 150 in3
=36.68 GOVERNS
ry Sx 134 in3
rx 7 in
ry 2.47 in
Step 2: Check for local stability. J 3.57 in4
For Flange: rts 2.85 in
ho 15.7 in
bf/2tf = 6.77 Iy 138 in4
E 29000 ksi Zy 41.1 in3
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√
36 ksi
=15.89 Sy
Cw
26.9 in3
8590 in6

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS kdes 1.16

h/tw = 31.2
E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
√
36 ksi
=42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy √
; PASS
Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

2
Fe = π 212.74 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =36.68
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
√
Fy
KL
=4.71
√
36 ksi
=133.68
E fy = 36 =0.17
since
r
<4.71 ;
√
Fy Fe 212.74
Fy
< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 212.74 ) (36) = 33.54 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
Pn= 33.54 (22.6) = 758.0 kips

The available compressive strength is:

Φc = 0.90

ΦcPn= 0.90 (758.0) = 682.2 kips > 402.86 kips [SAFE]

 DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (LRFD)

Column Designation C7
Floor Level 2F to ROOFDECK

Design Inputs:
Type of steel A36
Pu 272.24 kips
Length, Lb 13.13 mm
Fy 36 ksi
Es 29000 ksi
K 0.5

DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER TRIAL SECTION: W16x77

A 22.6 in2
Step 1: Check slenderness. d 16.5 in
bf 10.3 in
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12 tf 0.76 in
= =11.25 < 200; OK! tw 0.725 in
rx 7
bf/2tf 6.77
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12
= =31.89 < 200; OK! h/tw 31.2
ry 2.47
Ix 1110 in4
KL Zx 150 in3
=31.89 GOVERNS
ry Sx 134 in3
rx 7 in
ry 2.47 in
Step 2: Check for local stability. J 3.57 in4
For Flange: rts 2.85 in
ho 15.7 in
bf/2tf = 6.77 Iy 138 in4
E 29000 ksi Zy 41.1 in3
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√36 ksi
=15.89 Sy
Cw
26.9 in3
8590 in6

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS kdes 1.16

h/tw = 31.2
 E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
√
36 ksi
=42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy√; PASS

Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

2
Fe = π 281.44 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =31.89
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
√
Fy
KL
=4.71
√
36 ksi
E
=133.68
fy 36
since
r
<4.71
Fy √; =
Fe 281.44
Fy
=0.13< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 281.44 ) (36) = 34.12 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
Pn= 34.12 (22.6) = 771.11

The available compressive strength is:

Φc = 0.90

ΦcPn= 0.90 (771.11) = 694.0 kips > 272.24 kips [SAFE]

DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN FLOW CHART (ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN)

START

Apply the computed unfactored load

3
Try a W shaped section

Compute the Slenderness

KL
Ratio:
rmin

Check for Local Stability:

E E
bf/2tf ; 0.56
Fy √
For flange h/tw; 1.49
√ Fy
For

E E NO
bf/2tf < 0.56
√ Fy
; h/tw < 1.49
√
Fy
For web
Redesign! 3

YES

Compute Fe:
2
Fe = π
¿¿
KL E fy
ry √
< 4.71
fy
;
Fe
< 2.25 NO
Fcr = ( 0.877) fe

YES 1
fy
Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) fy 1

Pn = Fcr Ag

ΩPn> Pu

Where Ω=1.67 NO
Redesign! 3

YES
Section is Adequate;

Adopt the section

 DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (ASD)

Column Designation C7
Floor Level UG to GF

Design Inputs:
Type of steel A36
TRIAL SECTION: W27x84
Pa 414.1 kips
A 24.7 in2
Length, Lb 13.13 mm d 26.7 in
Fy 36 ksi bf 10 in
Es 29000 ksi tf 0.64 in
K 0.5 tw 0.67 in
bf/2tf 7.78
DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER h/tw 52.7
Ix 2850 in4
Step 1: Check slenderness. Zx 244 in3
Sx 213 in3
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12
= =7.36 < 200; OK! rx 10.7 in
rx 10.7 ry 2.07 in
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12 J 2.81 in4
= =38.06 < 200; OK!
ry 2.07 rts 2.54 in
KL ho 26.1 in
=38.06 GOVERNS Iy 106 in4
ry
Zy 33.2 in3
Sy 21.2 in3
Step 2: Check for local stability. Cw 17900 in6
For Flange: kdes 1.24
 bf/2tf = 7.78
E 29000 ksi
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√
36 ksi
=15.89

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS

d−2 kdes 26.7−2(1.24)

h/tw = = =36.15
tw 0.67
E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
36 ksi√ =42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy √
; PASS

Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

2
Fe = π 197.59 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =38.06
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
√
Fy
KL
=4.71
36 ksi
E
√ =133.68
fy 36
since
r
<4.71
Fy √
; =
Fe 197.59
Fy
=0.18< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 197.59 ) (36) = 33.36 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
Pn= 33.36 (24.7) = 823.99

The available compressive strength is:

Ωc = 1.67

ΦcPn= (823.99) / 1.67 = 493.41 kips > 414.1 kips [SAFE]

 DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (ASD)
TRIAL SECTION: W27x84
Column Designation C7 A 24.7 in2
Floor Level GF to 2F d 26.7 in
bf 10 in
Design Inputs: tf 0.64 in
Type of steel A36 tw 0.67 in
bf/2tf 7.78
Pa 292.7 kips
h/tw 52.7
Length, Lb 15.10 mm
Ix 2850 in4
Fy 36 ksi
Zx 244 in3
Es 29000 ksi
Sx 213 in3
K 0.5 rx 10.7 in
ry 2.07 in
DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER J 2.81 in4
rts 2.54 in
Step 1: Check slenderness.
ho 26.1 in
KL 0.5 x 15.10 x 12 Iy 106 in4
= =8.48 < 200; OK! Zy 33.2 in3
rx 10.7
Sy 21.2 in3
KL 0.5 x 15.10 x 12 Cw 17900 in6
= =43.77 < 200; OK!
ry 2.07 kdes 1.24
 KL
=43.77 GOVERNS
ry

Step 2: Check for local stability.

For Flange:

bf/2tf = 7.78
E 29000 ksi
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√
36 ksi
=15.89

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS

d−2 kdes 26.7−2(1.24)

h/tw = = =36.15
tw 0.67
E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
36 ksi√ =42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy √
; PASS

Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

2
Fe = π 149.40 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =43.77
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
√
Fy
KL
=4.71
36 ksi
E
√ =133.68
fy 36
since
r
<4.71
Fy √
; =
Fe 149.40
Fy
=0.24< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 149.40 ) (36) = 32.55 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
 Pn= 32.55 (24.7) = 803.99

The available compressive strength is:

Ωc = 1.67

ΦcPn= (803.99) / 1.67 = 481.43 kips > 292.7 kips [SAFE]

TRIAL SECTION: W27x84

A 24.7 in2
d 26.7 in
bf 10 in
tf 0.64 in
tw 0.67 in
bf/2tf 7.78
DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN (ASD) h/tw 52.7
Ix 2850 in4
Column Designation C7 Zx 244 in3
Floor Level 2F to ROOFDECK Sx 213 in3
rx 10.7 in
Design Inputs: ry 2.07 in
Type of steel A36 J 2.81 in4
rts 2.54 in
Pa 196.26 kips
ho 26.1 in
Length, Lb 13.13 mm
Iy 106 in4
Fy 36 ksi
Zy 33.2 in3
Es 29000 ksi Sy 21.2 in3
K 0.5 Cw 17900 in6
kdes 1.24
DESIGN A W-SHAPE COMPRESSION MEMBER
Step 1: Check slenderness.

KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12
= =7.36 < 200; OK!
rx 10.7
KL 0.5 x 13.13 x 12
= =38.06 < 200; OK!
ry 2.07
KL
=38.06 GOVERNS
ry

Step 2: Check for local stability.

For Flange:

bf/2tf = 7.78
E 29000 ksi
0.56
√Fy
=0.56

E
√36 ksi
=15.89

For Web:
bf/2tf < 0.56
√
Fy
; PASS

d−2 kdes 26.7−2(1.24)

h/tw = = =36.15
tw 0.67
E 29000 ksi
1.49
√
Fy
=1.49

E
√
36 ksi
=42.29

h/tw < 1.49

Fy √
; PASS

Therefore, Local Stability is not a problem. Adequate section.

Step 3: Calculate Elastic Critical Buckling Stress

2
Fe = π 197.59 ksi
¿¿

Step 4: Calculate Flexural Critical Buckling Stress

KL
Governing =38.06
r
E 29000 ksi
4.71
Fy√=4.71
√
36 ksi
=133.68
 KL E fy 36
since
r
<4.71
Fy √ Fy
; =
Fe 197.59
=0.18< 2.25

HENCE, Fcr = ( 0.658 Fe ) Fy

36
Fcr = ( 0.658 197.59 ) (36) = 33.36 ksi
Step 5: Calculate Nominal Compressive Strength
Pn = Fcr Ag
Pn= 33.36 (24.7) = 823.99

The available compressive strength is:

Ωc = 1.67

ΦcPn= (823.99) / 1.67 = 493.41 kips > 196.26 kips [SAFE]