PENGOLAHAN DATA

FONOMENA DASAR MESIN – 01

UJI LENTUR DAN DEFLEKSI
NAMA : ACHMAD ZEIN SYAHNA
NRP : 12-2018-034
KELOMPOK : 06 (ENAM)
ANGGOTA : GIOVANNI P.A. (12-2017-041)
: RAFI PILIANG (12-2017-096)
: RAGIEL EDYTIA (12-2018-010)
SULTAN FAHRI R.R. (12-2018-041)
M. DAVIN PRATAMA (12-2018-017)
ASISTEN : FATHRIA MIFTAHUL
TGL. PRAKTIKUM : 18 MARET 2021
TGL. PENYERAHAN : 25 MARET 2021

LABORATORIUM KONSTRUKSI

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI NASIONAL

BANDUNG
2021
1. Pengolahan Data Achmad Zein Syahna
1. Diagram Benda Bebas (DBB)
 Beban 18 N
1⁄ W= 9 N 1⁄ W= 9 N
2 2

a b

350 350
mm
835

Ray Rby

a. Potongan 1 0 < X < 350)

M
a
F
x

Ray V

b. Potongan 2 (350< X <485)

9N
M
a
F
x

Ray V

c. Potongan 3 (485< X <835)

V
M b
F

Rby
 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik A

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0

−𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 835𝑚𝑚 + (9𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚) + (9𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚) = 0

4365𝑁𝑚𝑚 + 3150𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 =
835𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 9𝑁

 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik B

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 + 𝑅𝐵𝑦 − 𝐹1 − 𝐹2 = 0
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝑅𝐴𝑦
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 9𝑁 + 9𝑁 − 9𝑁
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 9𝑁

 Potongan pertama
0<X<350mm
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 𝑉
𝑉 = 9𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋
Jika ; 𝑋 = 0
Maka 𝑀 = 0
Jika ;𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 9𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 3150𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Potongan kedua
350<X<485
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 − 9𝑁 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 9𝑁 − 9𝑁
𝑉=0

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋 − 9𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚

𝑀 = 9. 𝑋 − 9𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 9𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚 − 9𝑁. (350 − 350)𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 3150 𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika ;𝑋 = 485𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = (9𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚 − 9𝑁. (485 − 350𝑚𝑚))
𝑀 = 3150𝑁𝑚𝑚

 Potongan ketiga
485<X<835
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑏𝑦 + 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = −𝑅𝑏𝑦
𝑉 = −9𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑋 = 0

−𝑀 + 𝑅𝑏𝑦 (835 − 𝑋)
 Jika; 𝑋 = 485
𝑀 = 9(835 − 485)
𝑀 = 3150𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 853𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 9(835 − 835)
𝑀 = 0 𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Diagram gaya lintang (V)

0 X
350 485 835

-9

 Diagram Momen lentur

3150

0 x
350 485 835 0
2. Mencari Titik Berat

 Pada Bidang 1
𝑋1 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌1 = 3,2𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
 Pada Bidang 2
𝑋2 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌2 = 22,25𝑚𝑚
𝐴2 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
(𝑋1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑋2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑋̅ =
(𝐴1 + 𝐴2 )
(19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ =
(243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ = 19,03
(𝑌1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑌2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑌̅ =
𝐴1 + 𝐴2
(3.2𝑚𝑚. 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 22,25 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑌̅ =
243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2
𝑌̅ = 12,725𝑚𝑚
 Momen Inersia
𝑏ℎ3 𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )1 + ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )2
12 12
6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑑1 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 −
2
𝑑1 = 9,525𝑚𝑚
31,7𝑚𝑚
𝑑2 = + 6,4𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
2
𝑑2 =9,525mm
38,1𝑚𝑚. (6,4𝑚𝑚)3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 =( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )1
12
6,4𝑚𝑚. (31,7𝑚𝑚)3
+ ( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )2
12
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = 62066,71𝑚𝑚4

 Tegangan lentur secara teori

𝑀 .𝑐
𝜎=
𝐼
𝑐1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐1 = 25,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 6,325𝑚𝑚

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .25,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎1 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎1 = 1,28𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎2 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎2 = 0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎3 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎3 = 0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎4 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎4 = 0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎5 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎5 = 0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎6 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎6 = 0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎7 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎7 = 0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎8 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎8 = 0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎

3150𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎9 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4
 𝜎9 = 0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Tegangan Normal dengan Hukum Hooke

𝜎 = 𝐸 .𝜀
𝜀1 = 167 × 10−6
𝜀2 = 189 × 10−6
𝜀3 = 167 × 10−6
𝜀4 = 236 × 10−6
𝜀5 = 78 × 10−6
𝜀6 = 75 × 10−6
𝜀7 = 85 × 10−6
𝜀8 = 165 × 10−6
𝜀9 = 63 × 10−6
 E Alumunium=70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎1 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 167 × 10−6 = 11,69 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎2 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 189 × 10−6 = 13,23 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎3 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 167 × 10−6 = 11,69 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎4 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 236 × 10−6 = 16,52 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎5 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 78 × 10−6 = 5,46 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎6 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 75 × 10−6 = 5,25 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎7 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 85 × 10−6 = 5,95 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎8 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 165 × 10−6 = 11,55 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎9 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 63 × 10−6 = 4,41 𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Mencari Error Tegangan

𝜎𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜎𝑀𝑎𝑥

4,41𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,266%
16,52𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari Regangan Secara Teori
𝜎
𝜀=
𝐸

1,28𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀1 = = 1,82 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀2 = = 1,25 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀3 = = 1,25 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀4 = 3
= 1,71 × 10−6
70 × 10 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀5 = = 1,71 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀6 = = 4,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,32 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀7 = = 4,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀8 = = 4,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀9 = = 4,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Regangan secara Praktik

regangan (με)
Posisi beban
awal akhir
1 279 112
2 237 48
3 278 111
4 23 259
5 18 191 116
6 162 144
7 289 374
8 88 253
9 69 6
 Eror Regangan
𝜀𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜀𝑀𝑎𝑥

1,71 × 10−6
𝑒1 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,906%
1,82 × 10−5

 Mencari Koefisien Elastisitas

𝜎
𝐸=
𝜀
1,28𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸1 = = 70329,67𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,82 × 10−5
0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸2 = = 70400𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,25 × 10−5
0,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸3 = = 70400𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,25 × 10−5
0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸4 = = 70175,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,71 × 10−6
0,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸5 = = 70175,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,71 × 10−6
0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸6 = = 70021,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,57 × 10−6
0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸7 = = 70021,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,57 × 10−6
0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸8 = = 70021,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,57 × 10−6
0,32𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸9 = = 70021,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,57 × 10−6

 Mencari eror koefisien elastis

𝐸𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝐸𝑀𝑎𝑥
70021,88𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,00537%
70400𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari defleksi Maksimum
𝐹 .𝑎
𝛿= 𝑥 (3𝐿2 − 4𝑎2 )
24 . 𝐸 . 𝐼
 18𝑁 . 350𝑚𝑚
𝛿= 4
𝑥 (3. (835𝑚𝑚)2
24 . 70 × 10^3𝑀𝑝𝑎. 62066,71𝑚𝑚
− 4(350𝑚𝑚)2 )

𝛿 = 0,0967𝑚𝑚

 Eror Defleksi

Gambar 3.1 Eror Defleksi Beban 18N

Defleksi maksimum secara teori didapatkan sebesar 𝛿 = 0,0967𝑚𝑚, dan

defleksi maksimum sebenarnya didapatkan melalui software solidworks
didapatkan 𝛿 = 0,00252𝑚𝑚. Maka eror defleksi:
𝛿𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝛿𝑀𝑎𝑥
0,00252𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,9413%
0,043𝑚𝑚
1. Diagram Benda Bebas (DBB)
 Beban 80 N
1⁄ W= 40N 1⁄ W= 40 N
2 2

a b

350 350
mm
835

Ray Rby

a. Potongan 1 0 < X < 350)

M
a
F
x

Ray V

b. Potongan 2 (350< X <485)

40 N
M
a
F
x

Ray V

c. Potongan 3 (485< X <835)

V
M b
F

Rby
 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik A

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0

−𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 835𝑚𝑚 + (40𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚) + (40𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚) = 0

19400𝑁𝑚𝑚 + 14000𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 =
835𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 40𝑁

 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik B

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 + 𝑅𝐵𝑦 − 𝐹1 − 𝐹2 = 0
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝑅𝐴𝑦
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 40𝑁 + 40𝑁 − 40𝑁
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 40𝑁

 Potongan pertama
0<X<350mm
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 𝑉
𝑉 = 40𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋
Jika ; 𝑋 = 0
Maka 𝑀 = 0
Jika ;𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 40𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 14000𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Potongan kedua
350<X<485
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 − 40𝑁 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 40𝑁 − 40𝑁
𝑉=0

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋 − 40𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚

𝑀 = 40. 𝑋 − 40𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 40𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚 − 40𝑁. (350 − 350)𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 14000 𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika ;𝑋 = 485𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = (40𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚 − 40𝑁. (485 − 350𝑚𝑚))
𝑀 = 14000𝑁𝑚𝑚

 Potongan ketiga
485<X<835
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑏𝑦 + 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = −𝑅𝑏𝑦
𝑉 = −40𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑋 = 0

−𝑀 + 𝑅𝑏𝑦 (835 − 𝑋)
 Jika; 𝑋 = 485
𝑀 = 40(835 − 485)
𝑀 = 14000𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 853𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 40(835 − 835)
𝑀 = 0 𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Diagram gaya lintang (V)

40

0 X
350 485 835

-40

 Diagram Momen lentur

14000

0 x
350 485 835 0
2. Mencari Titik Berat

 Pada Bidang 1
𝑋1 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌1 = 3,2𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
 Pada Bidang 2
𝑋2 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌2 = 22,25𝑚𝑚
𝐴2 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
(𝑋1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑋2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑋̅ =
(𝐴1 + 𝐴2 )
(19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ =
(243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ = 19,03
(𝑌1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑌2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑌̅ =
𝐴1 + 𝐴2
(3.2𝑚𝑚. 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 22,25 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑌̅ =
243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2
𝑌̅ = 12,725𝑚𝑚
 Momen Inersia
𝑏ℎ3 𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )1 + ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )2
12 12
6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑑1 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 −
2
𝑑1 = 9,525𝑚𝑚
31,7𝑚𝑚
𝑑2 = + 6,4𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
2
𝑑2 =9,525mm
38,1𝑚𝑚. (6,4𝑚𝑚)3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 =( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )1
12
6,4𝑚𝑚. (31,7𝑚𝑚)3
+ ( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )2
12
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = 62066,71𝑚𝑚4

 Tegangan lentur secara teori

𝑀 .𝑐
𝜎=
𝐼
𝑐1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐1 = 25,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 6,325𝑚𝑚

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .25,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎1 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎1 = 5,72𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎2 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎2 = 3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎3 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎3 = 3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎4 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎4 = 0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎5 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎5 = 0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎6 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎6 = 1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎7 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎7 = 1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎8 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎8 = 1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎

14000𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎9 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4
 𝜎9 = 1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Tegangan Normal dengan Hukum Hooke

𝜎 = 𝐸 .𝜀
𝜀1 = 417 × 10−6
𝜀2 = 60 × 10−6
𝜀3 = 54 × 10−6
𝜀4 = 623 × 10−6
𝜀5 = 120 × 10−6
𝜀6 = 4 × 10−6
𝜀7 = 348 × 10−6
𝜀8 = 50 × 10−6
𝜀9 = 34 × 10−6
 E Alumunium=70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎1 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 417 × 10−6 = 29,19 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎2 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 60 × 10−6 = 4,2 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎3 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 54 × 10−6 = 3,78 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎4 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 623 × 10−6 = 43,61 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎5 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 120 × 10−6 = 8,4 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎6 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 4 × 10−6 = 0,28 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎7 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 348 × 10−6 = 24,36 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎8 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 50 × 10−6 = 3,5 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎9 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 34 × 10−6 = 2,38 𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Mencari Error Tegangan

𝜎𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜎𝑀𝑎𝑥

0,28𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,993%
43,61𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari Regangan Secara Teori
𝜎
𝜀=
𝐸

5,72𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀1 = = 8,1 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀2 = = 5,5 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀3 = 3
= 5,5 × 10−5
70 × 10 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀4 = = 7,5 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀5 = = 7,5 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀6 = = 2,02 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,42 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀7 = = 2,02 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀8 = = 2,02 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀9 = = 2,02 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎
  Regangan secara Praktik

regangan (με)
Posisi beban
awal akhir
1 691 274
2 80 20
3 137 83
4 -650 27
5 80 250 130
6 153 157
7 170 518
8 -63 -13
9 -66 32

 Eror Regangan
𝜀𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜀𝑀𝑎𝑥

7,5 × 10−6
𝑒1 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,907%
8,1 × 10−5

 Mencari Koefisien Elastisitas

𝜎
𝐸=
𝜀
5,72𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸1 = = 70617,2𝑀𝑝𝑎
8,1 × 10−5
3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸2 = = 71090,9𝑀𝑝𝑎
5,5 × 10−5
3,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸3 = = 71090,9𝑀𝑝𝑎
5,5 × 10−5
0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸4 = = 70666.6𝑀𝑝𝑎
7,5 × 10−6
0,53𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸5 = = 70666,6𝑀𝑝𝑎
7,5 × 10−6
1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸6 = = 70297𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,02 × 10−5
1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸7 = = 70297𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,02 × 10−5
1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸8 = = 70297𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,02 × 10−5
 1,42𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸9 = = 70297𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,02 × 10−5

 Mencari eror koefisien elastis

𝐸𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝐸𝑀𝑎𝑥
70297𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,98%
71090,9𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari defleksi Maksimum
𝐹 .𝑎
𝛿= 𝑥 (3𝐿2 − 4𝑎2 )
24 . 𝐸 . 𝐼
80𝑁 . 350𝑚𝑚
𝛿= 𝑥 (3. (835𝑚𝑚)2
24 . 70 × 10^3 𝑀𝑝𝑎. 62066,71𝑚𝑚4
− 4(350𝑚𝑚)2 )
𝛿 = 0,43𝑚𝑚

 Eror Defleksi

Gambar 3.1 Eror Defleksi Beban 80N

Defleksi maksimum secara teori didapatkan sebesar 𝛿 = 0,43𝑚𝑚, dan defleksi

maksimum sebenarnya didapatkan melalui software solidworks didapatkan 𝛿 =
0,0451𝑚𝑚. Maka eror defleksi:
𝛿𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝛿𝑀𝑎𝑥
 0,0451𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,89%
0,43𝑚𝑚
1. Diagram Benda Bebas (DBB)
 Beban 65 N
1⁄ W= 32,5 N 1⁄ W= 32,5 N
2 2

a b

350 350
mm
835

Ray Rby

a. Potongan 1 0 < X < 350)

M
a
F
x

Ray V

b. Potongan 2 (350< X <485)

32,5 N
M
a
F
x

Ray V

c. Potongan 3 (485< X <835)

V
M b
F

Rby
 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik A

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0

−𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 835𝑚𝑚 + (32,5𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚) + (32,5𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚) = 0

8487,5𝑁𝑚𝑚 + 6125𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 =
835𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 32,5𝑁

 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik B

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 + 𝑅𝐵𝑦 − 𝐹1 − 𝐹2 = 0
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝑅𝐴𝑦
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 32,5𝑁 + 32,5𝑁 − 32,5𝑁
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 32,5𝑁

 Potongan pertama
0<X<350mm
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 𝑉
𝑉 = 32,5𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋
Jika ; 𝑋 = 0
Maka 𝑀 = 0
Jika ;𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 32,5𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 11375𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Potongan kedua
350<X<485
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 − 32,5𝑁 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 32,5𝑁 − 32,5𝑁
𝑉=0

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋 − 32,5𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚

𝑀 = 32,5. 𝑋 − 32,5𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 32,5𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚 − 32,5𝑁. (350 − 350)𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 11375 𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika ;𝑋 = 485𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = (32,5𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚 − 32,5𝑁. (485 − 350𝑚𝑚))
𝑀 = 11375𝑁𝑚𝑚

 Potongan ketiga
485<X<835
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑏𝑦 + 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = −𝑅𝑏𝑦
𝑉 = −32,5𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑋 = 0

−𝑀 + 𝑅𝑏𝑦 (835 − 𝑋)
 Jika; 𝑋 = 485
𝑀 = 32,5(835 − 485)
𝑀 = 11375𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 853𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 32,5(835 − 835)
𝑀 = 0 𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Diagram gaya lintang (V)

32,5

0 X
350 485 835

-32,5

 Diagram Momen lentur

11375

0 x
350 485 835 0
2. Mencari Titik Berat

 Pada Bidang 1
𝑋1 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌1 = 3,2𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
 Pada Bidang 2
𝑋2 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌2 = 22,25𝑚𝑚
𝐴2 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
(𝑋1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑋2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑋̅ =
(𝐴1 + 𝐴2 )
(19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ =
(243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ = 19,03
(𝑌1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑌2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑌̅ =
𝐴1 + 𝐴2
(3.2𝑚𝑚. 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 22,25 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑌̅ =
243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2
𝑌̅ = 12,725𝑚𝑚
 Momen Inersia
𝑏ℎ3 𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )1 + ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )2
12 12
6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑑1 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 −
2
𝑑1 = 9,525𝑚𝑚
31,7𝑚𝑚
𝑑2 = + 6,4𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
2
𝑑2 =9,525mm
38,1𝑚𝑚. (6,4𝑚𝑚)3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 =( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )1
12
6,4𝑚𝑚. (31,7𝑚𝑚)3
+ ( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )2
12
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = 62066,71𝑚𝑚4

 Tegangan lentur secara teori

𝑀 .𝑐
𝜎=
𝐼
𝑐1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐1 = 25,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 6,325𝑚𝑚

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .25,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎1 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎1 = 4,65𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎2 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎2 = 3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎3 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎3 = 3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎4 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎4 = 0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎5 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎5 = 0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎6 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎6 = 1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎7 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎7 = 1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎8 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎8 = 1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎

11375𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎9 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4
 𝜎9 = 1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Tegangan Normal dengan Hukum Hooke

𝜎 = 𝐸 .𝜀
𝜀1 = 349 × 10−6
𝜀2 = 44 × 10−6
𝜀3 = 43 × 10−6
𝜀4 = 622 × 10−6
𝜀5 = 119 × 10−6
𝜀6 = 50 × 10−6
𝜀7 = 320 × 10−6
𝜀8 = 39 × 10−6
𝜀9 = 40 × 10−6
 E Alumunium=70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎1 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 349 × 10−6 = 24,43 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎2 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 44 × 10−6 = 3,08 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎3 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 43 × 10−6 = 3,01 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎4 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 622 × 10−6 = 43,54 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎5 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 .119 × 10−6 = 8,33 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎6 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 50 × 10−6 = 3,5 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎7 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 320 × 10−6 = 22,4 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎8 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 39 × 10−6 = 2,73 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎9 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 40 × 10−6 = 2,8 𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Mencari Error Tegangan

𝜎𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜎𝑀𝑎𝑥

2,73𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,937%
43,54𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari Regangan Secara Teori
𝜎
𝜀=
𝐸

4,65𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀1 = = 6,64 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀2 = = 4,54 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀3 = 3
= 4,54 × 10−5
70 × 10 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀4 = = 6,14 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀5 = = 6,14 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀6 = = 1,64 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,15 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀7 = = 1,64 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀8 = = 1,64 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀9 = = 1,64 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎
  Regangan secara Praktik

regangan (με)
Posisi beban
awal akhir
1 691 342
2 80 36
3 137 94
4 -650 28
5 65 250 131
6 153 103
7 170 490
8 -63 -24
9 -66 26

 Eror Regangan
𝜀𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜀𝑀𝑎𝑥

1,64 × 10−6
𝑒1 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,975%
6,64 × 10−5

 Mencari Koefisien Elastisitas

𝜎
𝐸=
𝜀
4,65𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸1 = = 70030,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
6,64 × 10−5
3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸2 = = 70044,05𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,54 × 10−5
3,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸3 = = 70044,05𝑀𝑝𝑎
4,54 × 10−5
0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸4 = = 70032,57𝑀𝑝𝑎
6,14 × 10−6
0,43𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸5 = = 70032,57𝑀𝑝𝑎
6,14 × 10−6
1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸6 = = 701219,51𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,64 × 10−6
1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸7 = = 701219,51𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,64 × 10−6
1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸8 = = 701219,51𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,64 × 10−6
 1,15𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸9 = = 701219,51𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,64 × 10−6

 Mencari eror koefisien elastis

𝐸𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝐸𝑀𝑎𝑥
70040,12𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,90011%
701219,51𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari defleksi Maksimum
𝐹 .𝑎
𝛿= 𝑥 (3𝐿2 − 4𝑎2 )
24 . 𝐸 . 𝐼
32,5𝑁 . 350𝑚𝑚
𝛿= 𝑥 (3. (835𝑚𝑚)2
24 . 70 × 10^3 𝑀𝑝𝑎. 62066,71𝑚𝑚4
− 4(350𝑚𝑚)2 )
𝛿 = 0,174𝑚𝑚

 Eror Defleksi

Gambar 3.1 Eror Defleksi Beban 65N

Defleksi maksimum secara teori didapatkan sebesar 𝛿 = 0,174𝑚𝑚, dan defleksi

maksimum sebenarnya didapatkan melalui software solidworks didapatkan 𝛿 =
0,043𝑚𝑚. Maka eror defleksi:
𝛿𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝛿𝑀𝑎𝑥
 0,043𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,7528%
0,174𝑚𝑚
1. Diagram Benda Bebas (DBB)
 Beban 20 N
1⁄ W= 10N 1⁄ W= 10 N
2 2

a b

350 350
mm
835

Ray Rby

a. Potongan 1 0 < X < 350)

M
a
F
x

Ray V

b. Potongan 2 (350< X <485)

10 N
M
a
F
x

Ray V

c. Potongan 3 (485< X <835)

V
M b
F

Rby
 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik A

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0

−𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 835𝑚𝑚 + (10𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚) + (10𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚) = 0

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 + 3500𝑁𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 =
835𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 10𝑁

 Mencari gaya reaksi di titik B

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 + 𝑅𝐵𝑦 − 𝐹1 − 𝐹2 = 0
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝑅𝐴𝑦
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 10𝑁 + 10𝑁 − 10𝑁
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 10𝑁

 Potongan pertama
0<X<350mm
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 = 𝑉
𝑉 = 10𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋
Jika ; 𝑋 = 0
Maka 𝑀 = 0
Jika ;𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 10𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 3500𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Potongan kedua
350<X<485
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐴𝑦 − 10𝑁 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 10𝑁 − 10𝑁
𝑉=0

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴𝑦 . 𝑋 − 10𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚

𝑀 = 10. 𝑋 − 10𝑁. (𝑋 − 350)𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 350𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 10𝑁. 350𝑚𝑚 − 10𝑁. (350 − 350)𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 3500 𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika ;𝑋 = 485𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = (10𝑁. 485𝑚𝑚 − 10𝑁. (485 − 350𝑚𝑚))
𝑀 = 4850𝑁𝑚𝑚

 Potongan ketiga
485<X<835
̵ Mencari V

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑏𝑦 + 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = −𝑅𝑏𝑦
𝑉 = −10𝑁

̵ Mencari M

∑ 𝑀𝑋 = 0

−𝑀 + 𝑅𝑏𝑦 (835 − 𝑋)
 Jika; 𝑋 = 485
𝑀 = 10(835 − 485)
𝑀 = 4850𝑁𝑚𝑚
Jika; 𝑋 = 853𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 10(835 − 835)
𝑀 = 0 𝑁𝑚𝑚
 Diagram gaya lintang (V)

10

0 X
350 485 835

-10

 Diagram Momen lentur

4850

0 x
350 485 835 0
2. Mencari Titik Berat

 Pada Bidang 1
𝑋1 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌1 = 3,2𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
 Pada Bidang 2
𝑋2 = 19,05𝑚𝑚
𝑌2 = 22,25𝑚𝑚
𝐴2 = 38,1𝑚𝑚. 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 243,84𝑚𝑚2
(𝑋1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑋2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑋̅ =
(𝐴1 + 𝐴2 )
(19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 19,05𝑚𝑚 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ =
(243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑋̅ = 19,03
(𝑌1 . 𝐴1 + 𝑌2 . 𝐴2 )
𝑌̅ =
𝐴1 + 𝐴2
(3.2𝑚𝑚. 243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 22,25 . 243,84𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑌̅ =
243,84𝑚𝑚2 + 243,84𝑚𝑚2
𝑌̅ = 12,725𝑚𝑚
 Momen Inersia
𝑏ℎ3 𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )1 + ( + 𝐴𝑑 2 )2
12 12
6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑑1 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 −
2
𝑑1 = 9,525𝑚𝑚
31,7𝑚𝑚
𝑑2 = + 6,4𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
2
𝑑2 =9,525mm
38,1𝑚𝑚. (6,4𝑚𝑚)3
𝐼𝑧𝑧 =( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )1
12
6,4𝑚𝑚. (31,7𝑚𝑚)3
+ ( + 243,84𝑚𝑚2 . (9,525𝑚𝑚)2 )2
12
𝐼𝑧𝑧 = 62066,71𝑚𝑚4

 Tegangan lentur secara teori

𝑀 .𝑐
𝜎=
𝐼
𝑐1 = 38,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐1 = 25,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐2 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 30,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐3 = 17,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐4 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 15,1𝑚𝑚 − 12,725𝑚𝑚
𝑐5 = 2,375𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐6 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐7 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐8 = 6,325𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 12,725𝑚𝑚 − 6,4𝑚𝑚
𝑐9 = 6,325𝑚𝑚

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .25,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎1 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎1 = 1,98𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎2 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎2 = 1,35𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .17,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎3 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎3 = 1,35𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎4 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎4 = 0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .2,375𝑚𝑚
𝜎5 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎5 = 0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎6 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎6 = 0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎7 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎7 = 0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎8 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4

𝜎8 = 0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎

4850𝑁𝑚𝑚 .6,325𝑚𝑚
𝜎9 =
62066,71𝑚𝑚4
 𝜎9 = 0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Tegangan Normal dengan Hukum Hooke

𝜎 = 𝐸 .𝜀
𝜀1 = 21 × 10−6
𝜀2 = 19 × 10−6
𝜀3 = 34 × 10−6
𝜀4 = 28 × 10−6
𝜀5 = 10 × 10−6
𝜀6 = 1 × 10−6
𝜀7 = 15 × 10−6
𝜀8 = 32 × 10−6
𝜀9 = 5 × 10−6
 E Alumunium=70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎1 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 21 × 10−6 = 1,47 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎2 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 19 × 10−6 = 1,33 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎3 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 34 × 10−6 = 2,38 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎4 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 28 × 10−6 = 1,96 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎5 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 10 × 10−6 = 0,7 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎6 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 1 × 10−6 = 0,07 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎7 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 15 × 10−6 = 1,05 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎8 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 32 × 10−6 = 2,24 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎9 = 70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 . 5 × 10−6 = 0,35 𝑀𝑝𝑎

 Mencari Error Tegangan

𝜎𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜎𝑀𝑎𝑥

0,07𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,97%
2,38𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari Regangan Secara Teori
𝜎
𝜀=
𝐸

1,98𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀1 = = 2,82 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1.35𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀2 = = 1,92 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1,35𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀3 = = 1,92 × 10−5
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀4 = = 2,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀5 = = 2,57 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀6 = = 7 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,49 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀7 = = 7 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀8 = = 7 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎

0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜀9 = = 7 × 10−6
70 × 103 𝑀𝑝𝑎
  Regangan secara Praktik

regangan (με)
Posisi beban
awal akhir
1 671 650
2 -625 606
3 215 181
4 -61 33
5 20 -82 72
6 164 165
7 663 648
8 -73 41
9 -68 63

 Eror Regangan
𝜀𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝜀𝑀𝑎𝑥

2,57 × 10−6
𝑒1 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,908%
2,82 × 10−5

 Mencari Koefisien Elastisitas

𝜎
𝐸=
𝜀
1,98𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸1 = = 70212,76𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,82 × 10−5
1,35𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸2 = = 70312,5𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,92 × 10−5
1,35𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸3 = = 70312,5𝑀𝑝𝑎
1,92 × 10−5
0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸4 = = 70038,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,57 × 10−6
0,18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸5 = = 70038,91𝑀𝑝𝑎
2,57 × 10−6
0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸6 = = 70000𝑀𝑝𝑎
7 × 10−6
0.49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸7 = = 70000𝑀𝑝𝑎
7 × 10−6
0.49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸8 = = 70000𝑀𝑝𝑎
7 × 10−6
 0,49𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸9 = = 70000𝑀𝑝𝑎
7 × 10−6

 Mencari eror koefisien elastis

𝐸𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝐸𝑀𝑎𝑥
70000𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐸 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,0044%
70312,5𝑀𝑝𝑎
 Mencari defleksi Maksimum
𝐹 .𝑎
𝛿= 𝑥 (3𝐿2 − 4𝑎2 )
24 . 𝐸 . 𝐼
10𝑁 . 350𝑚𝑚
𝛿= 𝑥 (3. (835𝑚𝑚)2
24 . 70 × 10^3 𝑀𝑝𝑎. 62066,71𝑚𝑚4
− 4(350𝑚𝑚)2 )

𝛿 = 0,537𝑚𝑚

 Eror Defleksi

Gambar 3.1 Eror Defleksi Beban 8N

Defleksi maksimum secara teori didapatkan sebesar 𝛿 = 0,537𝑚𝑚, dan defleksi

maksimum sebenarnya didapatkan melalui software solidworks didapatkan 𝛿 =
0,0252𝑚𝑚. Maka eror defleksi:
 𝛿𝑀𝑖𝑛
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100%
𝛿𝑀𝑎𝑥
0,0252𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = |1 − | 𝑥 100% = 0,953%
0,537𝑚𝑚