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Inglés II - TP 2
Inglés II - TP 2
UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 4 - GRAMMAR
1. Completá los espacios en blanco de cada oración con el verbo entre paréntesis conjugado
en presente continuo o presente simple según corresponda:
f. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say) are saying because everybody (talk) talk so
loudly.
g. Justin (write, currently) is writing a book about his cooking experiences. I hope he
can find a good publisher when he is finished.
i. Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go) am going to a movie tonight with some friends.
j. The business cards (be, normally) are normally printed by a company in New York.
Their prices (be) are inexpensive, yet the quality of their work are quite good.
2. Completar las siguientes oraciones con los verbos entre paréntesis en present continuous.
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3. Completá con el verbo en past continuous.
f. I (look) was looking in the mirror and I saw this big spot on my face.
g. She cut her finger when she (prepare) was preparing food.
h. When I(washing) was washing up this morning there was a little blood.
4. Present simple vs. present continuous. Elegí la opción correcta de cada verbo subrayado
en el mail a continuación. Para hacerlo, coloreá la opción correcta en azul.
From: mcarmen@urbismail.com
To: Ivana.lukic@fastnet.com
Subject: Hello!
Hi Ivana
I write / ’m writing (1) to say thank you for the birthday card, and to tell you how I get on / ’m
getting on (2). The course is hard work, but I’m enjoying / enjoy (3) it so far. We usually have /
are having (4) classes every morning, but his week I’m working / work (5) in Geriatrics all day.
It`s interesting, although of course I want / ’m wanting (6) to work as a scrub nurse.
On the Geriatric ward I’m making / make (7) beds and checking / check (8) patients’ blood
pressure and temperature. I’m learning / learn (9) a lot, and the experience is very useful.
I’m going out / go out (10) most Saturdays nights, but stay in and study on other days.
Tomorrow I go / ’m going (11) to a restaurant for my birthday! I make / ’m making (12) a lot of
friends, but I wish you were here too. Write to me!
Love
Maria Carmen
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UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 4 - READING AND COMPREHENSION
1. Respondé en castellano las siguientes preguntas sobre los textos anteriormente leídos en
“An ideal human diet”:
Los carbohidratos son digeridos en el duodeno e íleon y se absorben como glucosa. Los
lípidos se digieren en el duodeno y en íleon y son absorbidos como ácidos grasos y
glicerol. Las proteínas son digeridas en el estómago, duodeno e íleon y son absorbidas
como aminoácidos.
Los alimentos grasos contienen vitaminas liposolubles, mientras que las frutas y vegetales
contienen vitaminas hidrosolubles.
Principales funciones de los minerales: tienen variedad de roles específicos como son:
componentes estructurales, constituyentes de macromoléculas, de ADN, partes de los
sistemas de bombeo y absorción de la glucosa, son cofactores de enzimas, participan en la
transferencia de electrones y ayudan colectivamente a mantener las concentraciones de
solutos esenciales para el control de movimiento de agua.
Una dieta equilibrada proporciona todos los requerimientos necesarios en las proporciones
correctas. Idealmente esto sería 1/7 de grasa, 1/7 de proteínas y 5/7 de carbohidratos.
Principales funciones de las proteínas: son los componentes básicos para el crecimiento y
la reparación de muchos tejidos corporales, también de enzimas y sistemas de transporte,
y de hormonas y anticuerpos.
Las demandas nutricionales básicas según el testo son: hidratos de carbono, proteínas,
grasas, vitaminas, minerales, agua y fibras en correctas proporciones.
Hipertensión
Cáncer de colon
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Cáncer de mamas
La diabetes de inicio maduro
Diverticulitis
Caries dentales
Enfermedades cardiovasculares
h. Why could children, expectant mothers and vegans be at risk if they are vegetarian?
Los niños, las futuras madres y los veganos podrían estar en riesgo con la dieta
vegetariana porque: los niños, al ingerir grandes cantidades de fibra limitarían su apetito y
con ello, las calorías y proteínas consumidas; las futuras madres tienen una mayor
demanda de proteínas, energía y calcio; y los veganos (que no comen pescado, ni
productos lácteos, ni huevos), pueden necesitar suplementar su dieta con calcio, vitamina
B12 y vitamina D. También puede haber deficiencias en algunos ácidos grasos esenciales
que se encuentran casi exclusivamente en peces.
i. What are the most common deficiencies of vegetarian diet and Why?
j. Name the most important properties of fruits, leaves, legumes, roots, cereals and
oilseeds.
Frutas: ricas en: azucares (glucosa, fructosa y sacarosa), pectinas y gomas (fibra
soluble), vitamina C y proporcionan pequeñas cantidades de vitamina K.
Hojas: proporcionan fibra dietaria, vitamina C, A, E y K. Algunas (espinacas y berros)
son ricas en hierro.
Legumbres: proporcionan proteínas en grandes cantidades, carbohidratos (energía),
fibra, hierro, calcio y vitamina del complejo B
Raíces: son ricas en polisacáridos complejos (energía) y proporcionan pequeñas
cantidades de proteínas y vitamina C.
Cereales: contienen carbohidratos (energía), proteínas, fibra dietaria, vitaminas del
complejo B, hierro y calcio.
Oleaginosas: proporcionan energía (carbohidratos y grasas), algunas proteínas y un
rango de ácidos grasos esenciales. Hay una alta proporción de ácidos grasos
insaturados en estos aceites. También proporcionan vitaminas liposolubles: A y E.
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k. What is colostrum? Why is it important instead the baby lose weight?
La leche de vaca debe modificarse porque el tracto gastrointestinal y los riñones de los
bebes son inmaduros e incapaces de manejar la riqueza de la leche de vaca.
n. Why the text says that “in the first year of life energy demands can be 200 % greater
than adulthood?
En el primer año de vida, la demanda de energía puede ser un 200% mayor que en la vida
adulta en proporcionalidad. (con una demanda de vitaminas b más elevada), la demanda
de proteínas puede ser tres veces mayor que un adulto, y se puede requerir vitamina C,
calcio, hierro y vitaminas A y D, cuatro veces más que la tasa de adultos.
r. Why are ascorbic acid and vitamin D important to be taken in the diet as supplement in
elderly age?
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UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 5 - GRAMMAR
1. Completá el siguiente texto usando las opciones de los verbos en past simple a
continuación del cuadro.
The day began (1) terribly. My alarm didn't begin (2) me and I quitted (3) the house with
only 1 hour to spare before the plane became (4) due to take off. Luckily there existed (5)
very little traffic and I arrived (6) at the airport with 30 minutes to spare. I waited (7) in at
the gate and went (8) for a coffee. Just as I drank (9) down, the announcer called (10) my
flight. I drank (11) my coffee quickly, too quickly in fact as I spilled (12) some on my shirt. I
followed (13) the sign to the departure gate and went (14) through passport control. I
hurried (15) down in the departure lounge. It was (16) full of teenagers, obviously a school
trip. They were making (17) a terrible noise. And then I listened (18) that terrible
announcement, the one you don't want to hear. There happened (19) a problem with the
engine. I looked (20) around for a place to get another coffee. I saw (21) a drinks machine
so I put – pressed (22) over to get some. I took (23) in my money and got up (24) the
button for black coffee. When I took (25) up the cup, it contained (26) only water. At that
moment, the hostess announced (27) that the plane was delayed because of bad weather.
(1) took care of / announced / finished / (13) looked after / followed / discussed /
began ran after
(2) didn't get up / didn't begin / didn't wake (14) went / discussed / smiled / went under
up / didn't go off
(15) hurried / came / went / sat
(3) left / entered / quitted / goodbye
(16) was / happened / suggested /
(4) didn't go / wished / became / was disappeared
(5) was / existed / had / turned over (17) were happening / were smoking /
were doing / were making
(6) went / terminated / reached / arrived
(18) heard / listened / felt / spoke
(7) checked / stood / waited / stamped
(19) arrived / happened / were / was
(8) started / shouted / went / whistled
(20) saw / looked / had / was
(9) went / sat / jumped / drank
(21) looked over - went / saw - fell / saw –
(10) sang / whistled / shouted / called
went / looked over - fell
(11) spat / drank / sang / looked for
(22) put - pressed / put - pulled / threw -
(12) spilled / dropped / spread / smiled pressed / threw - pulled
(23) took / pushed / pulled / picked
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(24) went in / got up / filled / contained
(25) announced / called / spoke / mimed
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2
. Completá las siguientes oraciones con el verbo entre paréntesis en past simple.
3. Modificá las siguientes oraciones en past simple (was / were / wasn’t / weren’t).
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UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 5 - READING AND COMPREHENSION
Las moléculas biológicas tienen en común principalmente, la capacidad del carbono para
formar enlaces covalentes con otros átomos, generalmente de carbono, oxígeno, hidrógeno
o nitrógeno. Las moléculas pueden adoptar forma de cadena larga o una variedad de
estructuras de anillo.
El principio de emulsión para identificar lípidos consiste en disolver aceite o agua en etanol,
luego agregarlo al agua, el aceite quedará entonces, como gotas diminutas suspendidas en
el agua, estas gotas dispersan los rayos de luz en muchas direcciones y le dan a la
suspensión una apariencia blanca liviana, la emulsión.
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f. What does “lactose intolerance” mean? Name the signs and symptoms suffered from the
patient.
h. Name the proteins that develop secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure and where
are they found?
Proteínas con estructura secundaria: proteínas fibrosas como la queratina (pelo), miosina
(dentro del musculo) y fibrina (coágulo de sangre).
Proteínas con estructura terciaria: proteínas globulares como las enzimas, moléculas
receptoras de membranas celulares y albúminas séricas.
UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 6 - GRAMMAR
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c. I (lose) have lost a lot of weight, especially around the waist.
d. His condition (not begin) has not begun to improve.
e. You (take) have taken neuroleptic drugs for years.
f. He (recover) has recovered fully.
g. They (not become) have not become alcohol dependent.
h. You (not catch) have not caught an incurable disease.
i. I (not decide) have not decided what to specialize in yet.
2. Complete the questions using the correct form of the present perfect.
c. My best friend and I have known (know) each other for over fifteen years. We
still get together once a week.
d. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He wrote (write) ten very creative short stories
in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.
e. I not have (have, not) this much fun since I was (be) a kid.
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f. When we first started (start) working here three years ago, the company
only had (have, only) six employees. Since then, we have expanded
(expand) to include more than 2000 full-time workers.
g. I told (tell) him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he has wandered
(wander) off into the forest and was (be) bitten by a snake.
h. Listen Donna, I don't care if you missed (miss) the bus this morning. You
have been (be) late to work too many times. You are fired!
i. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he never
saw (see, never) the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.
j. How sad! George dreamed (dream) of going to California before he died, but he
didn't make it. He never saw (see, never) the ocean.
k. In the last hundred years, travelling has become (become) much easier and
very comfortable. In the 19th century, it took (take) two or three months to
cross North America by covered wagon. The trip was (be) very rough and
often dangerous. Things has changed (change) a great deal in the last
hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a
matter of hours.
l. Jonny, I can't believe how much you have change (change) since the last
time I saw (see) you. You grew (grow) at least a foot!
m. This tree was (be) planted by the settlers who has founded (found) our city
over four hundred years ago.
o. I never visited (visit, never) Africa, but I have travelled (travel) to South
America several times. The last time I went (go) to South America, I visited
(visit) Brazil and Peru. I spent (spend) two weeks in the Amazon.
UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA 2
TEMA 6 - READING AND COMPREHENSION
1. Basándote en el texto “Enzimes”, determiná si las siguientes oraciones son verdaderas (T:
true) o falsas (F: false). En el caso de que sean falsas, justificá en castellano.
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No son parte de las moléculas biológicas, las enzimas son moléculas biológicas.
c. The molecular structure of enzymes are basically proteins and RNA molecules. False
e. In enzymatic reactions, the products begin the process, and the enzyme converts them
into different molecules. False
f. Enzymes are selective for their substrates and speed up many reactions from only a
few possibilities, the enzymes determines which metabolic pathways occur in the cell.
True
g. Enzymes work by lowering the energy needed to activate a chemical reaction, thus the
rate of the reaction is widely increased. True
i. Enzyme activity can be modiffied by inhibitors molecules that decrease enzyme activity,
or activators molecules that increase activity. True
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